297 lines
34 KiB
XML
297 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.52.471" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f74098b0-2561-4dae-8163-9590c36a151a" ID-PMC="PMC3088029" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-52-9" ID-PubMed="21594124" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2010" ModsDocID="1313-2970-52-9" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 52" ModsDocTitle="New species and records of ortholasmatine harvestmen from México, Honduras, and the western United States (Opiliones, Nemastomatidae, Ortholasmatinae)" checkinTime="1451251046698" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Shear, William A." docDate="2010" docId="F9401EDA8984E0532185F5379AA91A42" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 52: 9-45" docOrigin="ZooKeys 52" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.52.471" docTitle="Trilasma Goodnight & Goodnight 1942" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="3308B8052B01FFC1507AFFC5534B5615" masterDocTitle="New species and records of ortholasmatine harvestmen from Mexico, Honduras, and the western United States (Opiliones, Nemastomatidae, Ortholasmatinae)" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="9" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1668160864377" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New species and records of ortholasmatine harvestmen from Mexico, Honduras, and the western United States (Opiliones, Nemastomatidae, Ortholasmatinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Shear, William A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>52</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>9</mods:start>
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<mods:end>46</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.52.471</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.52.471</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-52-9</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159359544" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F9401EDA8984E0532185F5379AA91A42" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F9401EDA8984E0532185F5379AA91A42" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName authority="Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942" authorityName="Goodnight & Goodnight" authorityYear="1942" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trilasma Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trilasma</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Goodnight, CJ" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 18" title="Phalangida from Mexico." volume="1211" year="1942">Goodnight and Goodnight 1942, p. 7.</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ortholasma</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Shear, WA" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 65" title="The opilionid subfamily Ortholasmatinae (Opiliones, Troguloidea, Nemastomatidae)." volume="2757" year="1983">Shear and Gruber 1983, p. 14</bibRefCitation>
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(in part; only the species bolivari and sbordonii; see for complete references before 1983).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ruaxphilos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ruaxphilos" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ruaxphilos</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Goodnight, CJ" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Sciences" pageId="29" pageNumber="38" pagination="249 - 252" title="A representative of the Ischyropsalidae from Mexico." volume="36" year="1945 a">Goodnight & Goodnight 1945a, p. 299.</bibRefCitation>
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First synonymized with
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ortholasma</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation author="Shear, WA" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 65" title="The opilionid subfamily Ortholasmatinae (Opiliones, Troguloidea, Nemastomatidae)." volume="2757" year="1983">Shear and Gruber (1983).</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="20" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Trilasma bolivari Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942, by monotypy. Of Ruaxphilos, Ruaxphilos petrunkevitchou Goodnight & Goodnight, 1945, by monotypy.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="20" type="emended diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Emended diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
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Ortholasmatines in which the median hood process arises dorsally, projects anteriorly in a shallow curve, and is parallel-sided or nearly so, with a dorsal row or rows of tubercles (spoon-shaped and lacking dorsal tubercles in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ortholasma</taxonomicName>
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); two or three lateral hood processes; males without cheliceral glands (cheliceral glands present in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ortholasma</taxonomicName>
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); male first cheliceromere with distal inner tooth, dorsal tooth or sharp tubercle present or absent, curved mediobasal tooth on second cheliceromere (not verified for species known only from females); palpal patella with only two seta-bearing tubercles (
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ortholasma</taxonomicName>
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with several); large keel cells separated by transverse rows of much smaller keel cells (
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ortholasma</taxonomicName>
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lacks rows of smaller cells;
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Dendrolasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrolasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dendrolasma</taxonomicName>
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has either large or small cells but not both).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
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Figures 2, 3. Scanning electron micrographs of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma colossus" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colossus">Ortholasma colossus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., dorsal views. 2 male 3 female.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
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Figures 4-9. Scanning electron micrographs. 4-8
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma colossus" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colossus">Ortholasma colossus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. 4 right chelicerae of male, mesal view 5 glandular area of basal cheliceral article of male, mesal view 6 right palpus of male, mesal view 7 sculpture of second femur of female 8 kugelhaare of female palpus 9
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma trispinosum" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trispinosum">Trilasma trispinosum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., branched tubercles forming small keel cells of scute.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trilasma</taxonomicName>
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consists of seven species extending from Nuevo
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<normalizedToken originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
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, in the north to Honduras in the south. Not much ecological information is available. One species, sbordonii, is troglomorphic, but while other cave collections exist, none of the other species seems especially adapted for life underground (although both petersprousei sp. n. and tempestado sp. n. have unusually long, thin legs and palpi) and probably are at most troglophilic. Surface collections are from cloud forest litter, and from under the bark of pines. Except for chipinquensis, collected at an altitude of about 1525 m (5000'), all species come from altitudes ranging from 2100-3050 m (7000
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–10000’">-10000'</normalizedToken>
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) asl.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trilasma</taxonomicName>
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species are immediately separable from
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ortholasma</taxonomicName>
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species due to the presence of areas of small keel cells on the abdominal scutum (compare Figs 42, 45, and 54 with 1, 2). It appears that the small cell groups are at the anterior borders of the scute areas because in some species the first group is to be found at the very anterior margin of the scute (of area 1) and succeeding groups appear anterior to the paired median spines of the succeeding areas. The maximum number of groups is thus five, but the anteriormost is absent in some species, and the posteriormost is generally broken up into two groups on either side of the midline and consists of just two or three small cells on each side, or may be absent as well. The small cell groups of areas 2, 3 and 4 are the most marked and are successively wider, with the group of area 4 occupying about two-thirds the width of the scute and consisting of up to 20 small cells. In addition,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trilasma</taxonomicName>
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species have dorsal tubercles on the median hood process of the eye tubercle; these may be few (trispinosum sp. n., Fig. 43) or very numerous (tempestado sp. n., Fig. 44) and bearing branches that connect complexly with each other and with the
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="21" start="start">usual</pageBreakToken>
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lateral tubercles. Instead of the typically spatulate dorsal hood processes of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ortholasma</taxonomicName>
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species,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trilasma</taxonomicName>
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species have dorsal hood processes with nearly parallel sides that are obviously longer and narrower than in the former genus, reaching an extreme in the very narrow hood of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trilasma</taxonomicName>
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trispinosum sp. n. (Fig. 43). In several species the process tapers apically to a point.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="22" start="start">Trilasma</pageBreakToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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species are on average significantly smaller than
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ortholasma</taxonomicName>
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species, ranging from a minimum of 2.1 mm in length to just 3.4 mm, including the hood. As in other members of the subfamily, the order of legs in length is 2, 4, 3, 1. In some species false articulations are present in at least some femora and metatarsi, but sometimes only in males. The detailed ornamentation of the leg femora, of taxonomic value in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ortholasma</taxonomicName>
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, because it differs between species, is quite uniform in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trilasma</taxonomicName>
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, consisting of numerous, short, club-shaped setae, among which are dispersed a few blunt, rod-shaped setae on elevated sockets. This character was studied for all species using scanning electron microscopy. The short, club-shaped setae are clearly seen to be hollow in some of the photomicrographs, but there appear not to be any pores communicating with the outside. In species of both
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ortholasma</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Dendrolasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrolasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dendrolasma</taxonomicName>
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, the longer setae on elevated sockets are acute and tapered, not blunt and rod-shaped.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="22">
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Sexual dimorphism in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trilasma</taxonomicName>
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species is more pronounced than in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ortholasma</taxonomicName>
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species. Males are significantly smaller than females, with relatively longer legs, especially legs 2 and 4, which may also have increased numbers of tarsal segments, and in some species the males have false articulations in the fourth leg femora that are not present in the females. In addition to the basal, median tooth on the second cheliceral segment and the glands in the patellae and tibiae of the palpi, males of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trilasma</taxonomicName>
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species may have somewhat reduced dorsal ornamentation when compared to females, expressed in fewer small cells and lower paired tubercles of the dorsal areas. This dimorphism is especially notable at the posterior margin of the scute, where in females there is an obvious "post and rail fence" with long
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“posts”">"posts"</normalizedToken>
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<bibRefCitation author="Shear, WA" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 65" title="The opilionid subfamily Ortholasmatinae (Opiliones, Troguloidea, Nemastomatidae)." volume="2757" year="1983">(Shear and Gruber, 1983)</bibRefCitation>
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; in males of the same species, this feature may be hardly noticeable.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="23">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="23" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
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following characters seem to be useful in defining and separating the species of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trilasma</taxonomicName>
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: the relative length and robustness of the legs, the presence or absence and the number (if present) of false articulations in the femora and metatarsi of the legs (this may be sexually dimorphic in some species), the range of numbers of tarsal articles (difficult to evaluate because of small sample size; the counts given should be taken as variable by one or two articles in either direction), the relative prominence of the ocular keels, the patterns of small keel cells on the scute, the height of the paired area tubercles, and the shape and size of the dorsal hood process. In addition, there are autapomorphies of single species, such as the very narrow dorsal hood process and three lateral hood processes in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma trispinosum" order="Opiliones" pageId="14" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trispinosum">Trilasma trispinosum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="24" start="start">While</pageBreakToken>
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I am still certain that
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ruaxphilos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ruaxphilos" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ruaxphilos</taxonomicName>
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is a synonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trilasma</taxonomicName>
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, it is no longer clear that
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ruaxphilos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ruaxphilos petrunkevitchou" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petrunkevitchou">Ruaxphilos petrunkevitchou</taxonomicName>
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Goodnight & Goodnight, 1945 is a synonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma bolivari" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">Trilasma bolivari</taxonomicName>
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, as placed by
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<bibRefCitation author="Shear, WA" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="30" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 65" title="The opilionid subfamily Ortholasmatinae (Opiliones, Troguloidea, Nemastomatidae)." volume="2757" year="1983">Shear and Gruber (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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. The type specimen of the former species came from Veracruz, whereas the latter is known from several localities in the transverse volcanic belt of central
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<normalizedToken originalValue="México">Mexico</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
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Figures 10-19. Right chelicerae, mesal views. 10 Ortholasma colossus sp. n., male 11
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma ranchonuevo" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ranchonuevo">Trilasma ranchonuevo</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., male 12
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma trispinosum" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trispinosum">Trilasma trispinosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., female 13
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma trispinosum" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trispinosum">Trilasma trispinosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., male 14
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma tempestado" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tempestado">Trilasma tempestado</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., female 15
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma tempestado" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tempestado">Trilasma tempestado</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., male 16
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma petersprousei" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersprousei">Trilasma petersprousei</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., female 17
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma chipinquensis" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chipinquensis">Trilasma chipinquensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., female 18
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma hidalgo" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hidalgo">Trilasma hidalgo</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., male 19
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma tropicum" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tropicum">Trilasma tropicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., male. All drawings to the same scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Figures 20-29. Right palpi, lateral views. 20
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma colossus" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colossus">Ortholasma colossus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., male 21
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma ranchonuevo" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ranchonuevo">Trilasma ranchonuevo</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., male 22
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma trispinosum" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trispinosum">Trilasma trispinosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., male 23
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma tempestado" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tempestado">Trilasma tempestado</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., male 24
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma tempestado" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tempestado">Trilasma tempestado</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., female 25
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma petersprousei" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersprousei">Trilasma petersprousei</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., female 26
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma chipinquensis" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chipinquensis">Trilasma chipinquensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., female 27
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma hidalgo" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hidalgo">Trilasma hidalgo</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., male 28
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma tropicum" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tropicum">Trilasma tropicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., female 29
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma tropicum" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tropicum">Trilasma tropicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n., male. All drawings to the same scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Figures 30-41. Penes. 30, 31
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma colossus" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colossus">Ortholasma colossus</taxonomicName>
|
||
30 dorsal view 31 glans 32, 33
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma ranchonuevo" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ranchonuevo">Trilasma ranchonuevo</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. 32 dorsal view 33 glans 34, 35
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma trispinosum" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trispinosum">Trilasma trispinosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.34 dorsal view 35 glans 36, 37
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma tempestado" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tempestado">Trilasma tempestado</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. 36 dorsal view 37 glans 38, 39
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma tropicum" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tropicum">Trilasma tropicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. 38 dorsal view 39 glans 40, 41
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma hidalgo" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hidalgo">Trilasma hidalgo</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.40 lateral view 41 glans. All drawings to the same scale; penis of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Ortholasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ortholasma colossus" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colossus">Ortholasma colossus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 1 mm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="24" type="key to species of trilasma">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="24">Key to species of Trilasma</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<table pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma sbordonii" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sbordonii">Trilasma sbordonii</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma ranchonuevo" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ranchonuevo">Trilasma ranchonuevo</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma trispinosum" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trispinosum">Trilasma trispinosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma tempestado" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tempestado">Trilasma tempestado</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma petersprousei" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersprousei">Trilasma petersprousei</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma chipinquensis" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chipinquensis">Trilasma chipinquensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma bolivari" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bolivari">Trilasma bolivari</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma hidalgo" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hidalgo">Trilasma hidalgo</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="15" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Trilasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trilasma tropicum" order="Opiliones" pageId="15" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tropicum">Trilasma tropicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |