treatments-xml/data/EB/0A/3B/EB0A3B6129C2B1C616EFF5008269C40D.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.126.33913" ID-PMC="PMC6616106" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-126-25" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FF80303FFFC3FF80D44FFFF19E70FFE4" ID-PubMed="31320820" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3288984" ModsDocID="1314-2003-126-25" checkinTime="1562137568481" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Maas, Paul J. M., Westra, Lubbert Y. Th., Chatrou, Lars W., Verspagen, Nadja, Rainer, Heimo, Zamora, Nelson A. &amp; Erkens, Roy H. J." docDate="2019" docId="EB0A3B6129C2B1C616EFF5008269C40D" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 126: 25-69" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 126" docPubDate="2019-07-02" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.126.33913" docTitle="Tetrameranthus trichocarpus Maas &amp; Westra 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="FF80303FFFC3FF80D44FFFF19E70FFE4" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="FF80303FFFC3FF80D44FFFF19E70FFE4" masterDocTitle="Twelve new and exciting Annonaceae from the Neotropics" masterLastPageNumber="69" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1668139362075" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Twelve new and exciting Annonaceae from the Neotropics</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">paul.maas@wur.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Westra, Lubbert Y. Th.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chatrou, Lars W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0131-0302</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Ghent University, Systematics and Evolutionary Botany lab., K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Verspagen, Nadja</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Maastricht Science Programme, Maastricht University, P. O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rainer, Heimo</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zamora, Nelson A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Herbario Nacional de Costa Rica, Departemento de Historia Natural, Museo Nacional de Costa Rica. Apartado 749 - 1000, San Jose, Costa Rica</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Erkens, Roy H. J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1093-0370</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, section Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands &amp; Maastricht Science Programme, Maastricht University, P. O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2019-07-02</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>126</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>25</mods:start>
<mods:end>69</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.126.33913</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.126.33913</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-126-25</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="158498329" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB0A3B6129C2B1C616EFF5008269C40D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EB0A3B6129C2B1C616EFF5008269C40D" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="22" pageNumber="47">
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName LSID="EB0A3B61-29C2-B1C6-16EF-F5008269C40D" authority="Maas &amp; Westra" authorityName="Maas &amp; Westra" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Tetrameranthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tetrameranthus trichocarpus" order="Magnoliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpus" status="sp. nov.">Tetrameranthus trichocarpus Maas &amp; Westra</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="22" pageNumber="47">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Tetrameranthus trichocarpus Maas &amp; Westra. A Flowering and fruiting branch B detail of same C top of branchlet with 2 (young) flowers D flower E fruit F Isau Huamantupa holding collected material. Photographs by I. Huamantupa C." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.126.33913.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/314459" pageId="22" pageNumber="47">Figs 21</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Tetrameranthus trichocarpus Maas &amp; Westra. Fruiting branch (M. Rios et al. 2608, holotype F)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.126.33913.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/314460" pageId="22" pageNumber="47">, 22</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; Westra" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Tetrameranthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tetrameranthus trichocarpus" order="Magnoliales" pageId="22" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="47">Tetrameranthus trichocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. globuliferus" pageId="22" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="globuliferus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="47">T. globuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Westra from Ecuador in leaf shape and in the young twigs covered with brown, stellate hairs, but differs by 5-merous (vs. 6-merous) flowers and hairy (vs. glabrous) monocarps, and also by smaller leaves (16-28 vs. 27-37 cm long).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="48">
<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="48" start="start">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="48">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-10-22" country="PERU" elevation="150" latitude="-2.0187223" location="Campamento Bajo Ere" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.25372" municipality="Inventario Rapido" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loreto" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Peru">PERU</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Loreto">Loreto</collectingRegion>
: Prov. Maynas, Distr. Medio Putumayo, 
<collectingMunicipality>
Inventario 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rápido">Rapido</normalizedToken>
</collectingMunicipality>
#25, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EB0A3B6129C2B1C616EFF5008269C40D:D65481C1E170E3B94117EE337FF0F47A" country="PERU" latitude="-2.0187223" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-73.25372" municipality="Inventario Rapido" name="Campamento Bajo Ere" stateProvince="Loreto">Campamento Bajo Ere</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="07.4" value="-2.0187223">2°01'07.4&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="13.4" value="-73.25372">73°15'13.4&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.25" unit="m" value="150.0" valueMax="175.0" valueMin="125.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.25" unit="m" value="150.0" valueMax="175.0" valueMin="125.0">125-175 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2012-10-22">22 Oct 2012</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
et al. 2608
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: F! [F2321026]; isotypes: F!, L!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="48" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Tree</emphasis>
ca. 10 m tall. Young twigs and petioles densely covered with stiff, brown, mostly stellate hairs to 1-2 mm long. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Leaves</emphasis>
: petioles 8-10 by 3-4 mm; lamina narrowly obovate, 16-28 by 5-8 mm (leaf index 2.5-4), bright shiny green above and pale green below 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">in vivo</emphasis>
, dark greenish grey above and greenish brown below in 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">in sicco</emphasis>
, densely covered with brown hairs ≥1 mm long on primary vein and less densely so on secondary veins above, elsewhere rather densely to sparsely covered with stellate and simple hairs, to at last glabrous above, densely to rather densely covered on primary vein and secondary veins below, elsewhere sparsely covered with stellate and simple hairs mainly on lesser veins below, base narrowly acute, apex acuminate (acumen ca. 5 mm long), primary vein slightly prominent to almost flat above, becoming canaliculate 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">in sicco</emphasis>
, secondary veins 12-20 on either side of primary vein, mostly loop-forming, shortest distance between loops and margin 1-2 mm, tertiary veins percurrent. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Flowers</emphasis>
solitary in axils of leaves; peduncles 7-10 by 2 mm; pedicels 30-35 by 2{-3} mm, to 4 mm diam. in fruit, peduncles and pedicels densely covered with hairs as on twigs; bracts not seen; perianth in 5-merous whorls, petals pale greenish creamy suffused with purple, inner base of inner petals yellowish white, sepals (
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
) free, narrowly trangular, 4-5 by 10-12 mm, outer side densely covered with hairs as on pedicels to 1 mm long, the inner side same but less densely; outer petals narrowly elliptic-ovate or elliptic-oblong, 30-37 by 10-12 mm, inner side with basal callus to ca. 2/5 of the length and triangular in shape, inner petals narrowly obtriangular-elliptic, about as long as outer petals, slightly narrower than outer petals, markedly recurved about the middle, basal callus on inner side ca. 2/3 of the length and almost touching the side, all petals densely covered with similar though somewhat smaller hairs as on sepals, except for callose parts sparsely so; stamens ∞, apical prolongation of connective shield-like, ca. 1 mm in diam., glabrous; carpels ca. 8, ca. 4 mm long, densely covered with erect hairs to 0.5 mm long on the abaxial side. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Monocarps</emphasis>
4-6, pinkish green and somewhat shiny 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">in vivo</emphasis>
, brown and with shriveled wall 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">in sicco</emphasis>
, ovoid to globose, 4-4.5{-5} by 3-3.5{-4.5} cm, with a conical, obtuse apicule ca. 3-4 mm long, with an oblique constriction (2-seeded forms, only visible 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">in sicco</emphasis>
), densely to rather densely covered with stiffly, erect, whitish, stellate and simple hairs. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Seeds</emphasis>
(1-)2 per monocarp.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="3289166" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.126.33913.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/314459" pageId="23" pageNumber="48" start="Figure 21" startId="F21">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Figure 21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; Westra" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Tetrameranthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tetrameranthus trichocarpus" order="Magnoliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Tetrameranthus trichocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; Westra. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">A</emphasis>
Flowering and fruiting branch 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">B</emphasis>
detail of same 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">C</emphasis>
top of branchlet with 2 (young) flowers 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">D</emphasis>
flower 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">E</emphasis>
fruit 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">F</emphasis>
Isau Huamantupa holding collected material. Photographs by I. Huamantupa C.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="3289168" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.126.33913.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/314460" pageId="23" pageNumber="48" start="Figure 22" startId="F22">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Figure 22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; Westra" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Tetrameranthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tetrameranthus trichocarpus" order="Magnoliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Tetrameranthus trichocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; Westra. Fruiting branch (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">
M. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
et al. 2608
</emphasis>
, holotype F).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="48" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="48">
Peru (Loreto) (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Distribution map of Annona caput-medusae, A. oleifolia, Guatteria attenuata, G. kamakusensis, G. pseudoferruginea, Klarobelia rocioae, and Xylopia longicaudata." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.126.33913.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/314441" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="48" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="48">In moist forest on sandy soil. At an elevation of 125-175 m. Flowering and fruiting: October.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="48" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; Westra" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Tetrameranthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tetrameranthus trichocarpus" order="Magnoliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Tetrameranthus trichocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. globuliferus" pageId="23" pageNumber="48" rank="species" species="globuliferus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">T. globuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Westra, from Ecuador (
<bibRefCitation author="Maas, PJM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen Series C" pageId="27" pageNumber="52" pagination="243 - 282" refId="B11" refString="Maas, PJM, Van Heusden, ECH, Koek-Noorman, J, Van Setten, AK, Westra, LYT, 1988. Studies in Annonaceae. IX. New species from the Neotropics and miscellaneous notes. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen Series C 91: 243 - 282" title="Studies in Annonaceae. IX. New species from the Neotropics and miscellaneous notes." volume="91" year="1988">Maas et al. 1988</bibRefCitation>
), and also a narrow endemic. Apart from being 5-merous in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. trichocarpus" pageId="23" pageNumber="48" rank="species" species="trichocarpus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">T. trichocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 6-merous in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. globuliferus" pageId="23" pageNumber="48" rank="species" species="globuliferus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">T. globuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the flowers of the two species resemble each other very much. Both these species share two features with the far-remote 
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. guianensis" pageId="23" pageNumber="48" rank="species" species="guianensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">T. guianensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Westra &amp; Maas, namely a thick fruit wall that shrivels with drying, and an indument of coarse, stellate and simple hairs on vegetative parts. To our knowledge, this is the only species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="R.E.Fries" authorityYear="1939" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Tetrameranthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tetrameranthus" order="Magnoliales" pageId="23" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="48">Tetrameranthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with permanently hairy fruits.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="49" type="preliminary iucn conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="49">
<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="49" start="start">Preliminary</pageBreakToken>
IUCN conservation status.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="49">
DD. This species is only known from one collection and therefore no AOO and EOO could be calculated. Also, no other assessment criterium could be used for this species since no information is available on the current population size and population trend of this species. The species seems to occur in a large, pristine forest area and habitat loss does not seem to be an immediate threat to 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; Westra" authorityYear="2019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Tetrameranthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tetrameranthus trichocarpus" order="Magnoliales" pageId="24" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="49">Tetrameranthus trichocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, given the overall lack of data, it was assessed as Data Deficient.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>