223 lines
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223 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.340.6131" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4371fbd3-ac90-4486-9df4-75b17b96d151" ID-PMC="PMC3800801" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-340-107" ID-PubMed="24146594" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-340-107" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 340" ModsDocTitle="Redescription of the enigmatic genus Genuotermes Emerson (Isoptera, Termitidae, Termitinae)" checkinTime="1451246822479" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rocha, Mauricio M." docDate="2013" docId="4C2B54824F7083DFEE7AF0E292276997" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 340: 107-117" docOrigin="ZooKeys 340" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.340.6131" docTitle="Genuotermes Emerson" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="112" masterDocId="1443F5329758FFBDFFA8FFA9970AFFE7" masterDocTitle="Redescription of the enigmatic genus Genuotermes Emerson (Isoptera, Termitidae, Termitinae)" masterLastPageNumber="117" masterPageNumber="107" pageNumber="108" updateTime="1668156590899" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Redescription of the enigmatic genus Genuotermes Emerson (Isoptera, Termitidae, Termitinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Rocha, Mauricio M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>340</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>107</mods:start>
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<mods:end>117</mods:end>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.340.6131</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.340.6131</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-340-107</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152048620" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C2B54824F7083DFEE7AF0E292276997" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C2B54824F7083DFEE7AF0E292276997" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="1" pageNumber="108">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="108" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Genuotermes" authority="Emerson" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Genuotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Genuotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Genuotermes Emerson</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="108" type="type-species">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="108">Type-species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="108">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Genuotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Genuotermes spinifer" order="Blattodea" pageId="1" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinifer">Genuotermes spinifer</taxonomicName>
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Emerson, by monotypy
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<bibRefCitation author="Emerson, AE" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="9" pageNumber="116" pagination="1 - 15" title="Five new genera of termites from South America and Madagascar (Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae, Termitidae)." volume="1444" year="1950">Emerson 1950</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 5-6 (soldier, Fig. 2).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="108">
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<bibRefCitation author="Mathews, AGA" journalOrPublisher="Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, Rio de Janeiro" pageId="9" pageNumber="116" title="Studies on Termites from the Mato Grosso State, Brazil." year="1977">Mathews 1977</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 121 (soldier redescription, no figures; imago description, figs 51, 63; worker description, plate 25).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="2" pageNumber="109" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="109" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">Imago. Eyes semispherical, oval in profile, close to but not touching lower margin of head and ocellus (Fig. 4). Fontanelle indistinct, resembling a small slit on the dorsal surface of the head (Fig. 3). Pronotum subtrapezoidal, with anterolateral margins rounded. Posterior margin of mesonotum deeply notched and acute, margin of metanotum more shallow and rounded (Fig. 5). notched Formula for tibial spurs 3:2:2. Head and labrum covered with moderately dense layer of erect bristles, remainder of body covered with very dense layer of decumbent bristles.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
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Figures 3-5.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Genuotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Genuotermes spinifer" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinifer">Genuotermes spinifer</taxonomicName>
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imago, female: 3 Dorsal view of head 4 Profile view of head 5 Pronotum and posterior margins in dorsal view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">Soldier. Mandibles elongated, elbowed at proximal one-third, distal two-thirds with serrated blade on inner surface and salient tooth at base (Figs 1, 6-9). Molar plate and prominence visible at the base (Fig. 2, arrows). Head capsule subrectangular in dorsal view, with a characteristic frontal projection, best viewed in profile (Figs 10-13). Frontal gland aperture at tip of head projection, oriented anteriorly. Labrum subrectangular. Formula for tibial spurs 3:2:2. Head with very sparse bristles, denser on postclypeus and labrum surface, and around the frontal gland aperture. Pro-, meso- and metanotum with bristles only around all margins. Tergites, sternites and legs covered with bristles of variable length, denser than on remainder of body.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
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Figures 6-9.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Genuotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Genuotermes spinifer" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinifer">Genuotermes spinifer</taxonomicName>
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: Soldier morphological variations, dorsal view: 6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fordlândia">Fordlandia</normalizedToken>
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, PA (MZUSP-8383) 7 Chapada dos
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Guimarães">Guimaraes</normalizedToken>
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, MT (MZUSP-6615) 8 Serra do Roncador, MT (MZUSP-7400) 9 UHE Santo
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Antônio">Antonio</normalizedToken>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Módulo">Modulo</normalizedToken>
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de Jirau), RO (MZUSP-16354).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
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Figures 10-13.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Genuotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Genuotermes spinifer" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinifer">Genuotermes spinifer</taxonomicName>
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: Soldier morphological variations, profile: 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fordlândia">Fordlandia</normalizedToken>
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, PA (MZUSP-8383) 11 Chapada dos
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Guimarães">Guimaraes</normalizedToken>
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, MT (MZUSP-6615) 12 Serra do Roncador, MT (MZUSP-7400) 13 UHE Santo
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Antônio">Antonio</normalizedToken>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Módulo">Modulo</normalizedToken>
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de Jirau), RO (MZUSP-16354).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">Worker. Head capsule rounded in dorsal view. Fontanelle inconspicuous. Antenna with 14-15 articles. Mandibles as in Fig. 19; apical tooth much more developed than marginal teeth, the latter with recognizable tips. Head capsule pilosity similar to imago; thorax and abdomen pilosity similar to soldier.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
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Figures 14-19. 14-17
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Genuotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Genuotermes spinifer" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinifer">Genuotermes spinifer</taxonomicName>
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worker gut in situ. 14 Dorsal 15 Right 16 Ventral 17 Left (MT = mesenteric tongue; P1 = first proctodeal segment (ileum); P3a and b = third proctodeal segment (paunch); P4a = first part of fourth proctodeal segment (colon) 18 Malpighian tubules insertion 19 Worker mandibles, dorsal view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="110" start="start">Digestive</pageBreakToken>
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tube. Gizzard (Figs 20 and 21) having a columnar belt with 24 visible folds, six of the first order, six of second, and 12 of third, first-order folds with distinctive ornamentation of spines (Fig. 21), pulvilli of second order one-third as large as
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="111" start="start">first-order</pageBreakToken>
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pulvilli. Mesenteric tongue (MT) elongated, of uniform width, covering half length of mesenteric arch and facing anterodorsal region of body (Figs 15 and 16). Malpighian tubules inserted close to each other on inner surface of mesenteric arch (Fig. 18). P1 dilated, located on left side of body, with the final portion forming an elongated loop that reaches the dorsal region and down to insert on P3 (Fig. 14). Enteric valve (P2) composed by three equidistant longitudinal cushions (Fig. 22), slightly dilated at apex and covered with strong erect spines in a brushlike arrangement (Fig. 23), remaining surfaces with aciculiform and decumbent spines. P3a and P3b without a clear distinction, isthmus clearly recognizable, inserted subapically to beginning of P4 (Figs 14, 17). P4 short, situated in dorsal region of body.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="111">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="111">
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Figures 20-21.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Genuotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Genuotermes spinifer" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinifer">Genuotermes spinifer</taxonomicName>
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worker gizzard: 20 Columnar and pulvillar belts 21 Detail of ornamentation on the columns.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="4" pageNumber="111">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="111">
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Figures 22-23.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Genuotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Genuotermes spinifer" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinifer">Genuotermes spinifer</taxonomicName>
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worker enteric valve: 22 Arrangement of the cushions 23 Detail of the cushions.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" type="comparisons with other neotropical genera of termitinae">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="111">
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Comparisons with other Neotropical genera of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Termitinae">Termitinae</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="111">Imago. The imago of many species are still unknown and it is difficult to make a comparison for this caste, however some combination of characters may be useful for a diagnosis of this species. The mandibles are very characteristic, with the apical teeth well developed and very acute, the marginal teeth are all well recognizable (in some soil feeder species the M3 of both mandibles are not prominent) and the interval between the M3 and molar plate is narrow. Other unusual characteristics of this species are the thorax and abdomen covered only with decumbent bristles, without any erect setae or bristle.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="111">
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Soldiers.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Genuotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Genuotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Genuotermes</taxonomicName>
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soldiers have a combination of characters that make it easily distinguishable from other Neotropical
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Termitinae">Termitinae</taxonomicName>
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genera.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Genuotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Genuotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Genuotermes</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Orthognathotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthognathotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthognathotermes</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Holmgren, N" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="9" pageNumber="116" pagination="284 - 286" title="Das System der Termiten." volume="35" year="1910">Holmgren 1910</bibRefCitation>
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(supposed by Emerson as the closest genera) have elongate mandibles, slightly elbowed outward and symmetrical, a unique characteristic among all Neotropical
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dipterocarpaceae" genus="Isoptera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Isoptera" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Isoptera</taxonomicName>
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; however, there are some clear differences between the two genera.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Genuotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Genuotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Genuotermes</taxonomicName>
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has a projection on the anterior dorsal region of the head, which is absent in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Orthognathotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthognathotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthognathotermes</taxonomicName>
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. The frontal gland aperture is recognizable at the apex of projection, whereas in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Orthognathotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthognathotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthognathotermes</taxonomicName>
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the aperture is inconspicuous. In the remaining
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Termitinae">Termitinae</taxonomicName>
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genera with similar head structures (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cavitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cavitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cavitermes</taxonomicName>
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Emerson, 1925;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cornicapritermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cornicapritermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cornicapritermes</taxonomicName>
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Emerson, 1950;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Dihoplotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dihoplotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dihoplotermes</taxonomicName>
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Araujo, 1961;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Divinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Divinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Divinotermes</taxonomicName>
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Carrijo and Cancello, 2011;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Inquilinitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Inquilinitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Inquilinitermes</taxonomicName>
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Mathews, 1977;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Spinitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Spinitermes</taxonomicName>
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Wasmann, 1897;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Termes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Termes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Termes</taxonomicName>
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Linnaeus, 1758) the gland opening is situated on the base of their respective projections. In the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Genuotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Genuotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Genuotermes</taxonomicName>
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soldier the molar plate and prominence are visible at the base of the mandibles (Fig. 2, arrows), in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Orthognathotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthognathotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthognathotermes</taxonomicName>
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these structures are absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="112">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="112" start="start">Workers</pageBreakToken>
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. In the gut the differences among other Neotropical
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Termitinae">Termitinae</taxonomicName>
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genera are much more evident. In
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Orthognathotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthognathotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orthognathotermes</taxonomicName>
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the P1 is tubular, with the same diameter as the mesenteron; the enteric valve (P2) insertion is situated on the right side of the body; and the armature is composed of cushions with projections to the P3 lumen (see
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<bibRefCitation author="Rocha, MM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="9" pageNumber="116" pagination="1 - 26" title="Revision of the Neotropical termite genus Orthognathotermes Holmgren (Isoptera: Termitidae: Termitinae)." volume="2280" year="2009">Rocha and Cancello 2009</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 20). In
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Genuotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Genuotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Genuotermes</taxonomicName>
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the P1 is more enlarged than the mesenteron, with the distal end narrowed, forming a short neck prior to the attachment to P3, and inserted on the left side of the body. This conformation is similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Microcerotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microcerotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microcerotermes</taxonomicName>
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Silvestri, 1901,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Amitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amitermes</taxonomicName>
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Silvestri, 1901 (see
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<bibRefCitation author="Sands, WA" journalOrPublisher="CAB International, Wallingford" pageId="9" pageNumber="116" title="The Identification of Worker Castes of Termite Genera from Soils of Africa and the Middle East." year="1998">Sands 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 640-668, 395),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Neocapritermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neocapritermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neocapritermes</taxonomicName>
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Holmgren, 1912 (see
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<bibRefCitation author="Constantino, R" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="9" pageNumber="116" pagination="109 - 118" title="Description of a new Planicapritermes from Central Amazonia, with notes on the morphology of the digestive tube of the Neocapritermes-Planicapritermes group (Isoptera: Termitidae: Termitinae)." volume="32" year="1998">Constantino 1998</bibRefCitation>
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) and some
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Syntermitinae">Syntermitinae</taxonomicName>
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species (is particularly very similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Curvitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Curvitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Curvitermes</taxonomicName>
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, see
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<bibRefCitation author="Carvalho, SHCR" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="9" pageNumber="116" pagination="643 - 657" title="Taxonomic Revision of the Neotropical Termite Genus Curvitermes Holmgren (Isoptera: Termitidae: Syntermitinae)." volume="57" year="1998">Carvalho and Constantino 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 650; and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Silvestritermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Silvestritermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Silvestritermes</taxonomicName>
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, see
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<bibRefCitation author="Rocha, MM" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="9" pageNumber="116" pagination="793 - 827" title="Neotropical termites: revision of Armitermes Wasmann (Isoptera, Termitidae, Syntermitinae) and phylogeny of the Syntermitinae." url="10.1111/j.1365-3113.2012.00645.x" volume="37" year="2012">Rocha et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 811-812). The enteric valve armature is very similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Neocapritermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neocapritermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neocapritermes</taxonomicName>
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, with columnar cushions arranged triradially (Fig. 22), but, some
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Syntermitinae">Syntermitinae</taxonomicName>
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species apparently share this triradial digitiform pattern (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Paracurvitermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paracurvitermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paracurvitermes</taxonomicName>
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, see
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<bibRefCitation author="Constantino, R" journalOrPublisher="Sociobiology" pageId="9" pageNumber="116" pagination="377 - 388" title="Paracurvitermes, a new genus of Syntermitinae (Isoptera: Termitidae)." volume="57" year="2011">Constantino and Carvalho 2011</bibRefCitation>
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p. 285;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Cyrilliotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrilliotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cyrilliotermes</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Constantino, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="9" pageNumber="116" pagination="25 - 41" title="A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical termite genus Cyrilliotermes Fontes (Isoptera, Termitidae, Syntermitinae)." volume="3186" year="2012">Constantino and Carvalho 2012</bibRefCitation>
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p. 38 and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Embiratermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Embiratermes festivellus" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="festivellus">Embiratermes festivellus</taxonomicName>
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, see
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<bibRefCitation author="Rocha, MM" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="9" pageNumber="116" pagination="793 - 827" title="Neotropical termites: revision of Armitermes Wasmann (Isoptera, Termitidae, Syntermitinae) and phylogeny of the Syntermitinae." url="10.1111/j.1365-3113.2012.00645.x" volume="37" year="2012">Rocha et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 801), although not so similar.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |