treatments-xml/data/0C/4E/EE/0C4EEE5EFFE0015B621EF46496EC8D86.xml

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<mods:title id="83E5422FBA7F63523A12B70CDF6EC44D">Taumacera revisited, with new synonyms, new combinations and a revised catalogue of the species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C621EF46491138F59" authority="Thunberg, 1814" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[300,610,1124,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C621EF46491138F59" bold="true" box="[300,610,1124,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C621EF46492D68F59" bold="true" box="[300,423,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Taumacera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C629CF46491138F59" author="THUNBERG C. P." box="[430,610,1124,1147]" firstAuthor="Thunberg" journalOrPublisher="Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar (Stockholm)" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="46 - 50" part="1814" refId="ref33487" refString="THUNBERG C. P. 1814: Beskrifning pa tvanne nya insect-slagten, Gnatocerus och Taumacera fran Goda-Hopps Udden. Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar (Stockholm) 1814: 46 - 50 + pl. IVa." title="Beskrifning pa tvanne nya insect-slagten, Gnatocerus och Taumacera fran Goda-Hopps Udden" type="journal article" year="1814">Thunberg, 1814</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C63A5F48A92D28FBF" authority="Thunberg, 1814: 48" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityPageNumber="48" authorityYear="1814" box="[151,419,1162,1181]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63A5F48A93878FBF" box="[151,246,1162,1181]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Taumacera</emphasis>
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(
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species: 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6110F48A92628F9A" authority="Thunberg, 1814" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deusta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6110F48A91CE8FBF" box="[546,703,1162,1181]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Taumacera deusta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C61F1F48A92628F9A" author="THUNBERG C. P." firstAuthor="Thunberg" journalOrPublisher="Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar (Stockholm)" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="46 - 50" part="1814" refId="ref33487" refString="THUNBERG C. P. 1814: Beskrifning pa tvanne nya insect-slagten, Gnatocerus och Taumacera fran Goda-Hopps Udden. Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar (Stockholm) 1814: 46 - 50 + pl. IVa." title="Beskrifning pa tvanne nya insect-slagten, Gnatocerus och Taumacera fran Goda-Hopps Udden" type="journal article" year="1814">Thunberg, 1814</bibRefCitation>
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, by monotypy).
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<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C63A5F4BF915A8FF0" author="GEMMINGER M. &amp; HAROLD E. VON" box="[151,555,1215,1234]" page="3560" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1876">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C63A5F4BF915A8FF0" authority="Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1876: 3560" authorityName="Gemminger &amp; Harold" authorityPageNumber="3560" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,555,1215,1234]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Thaumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63A5F4BF92728FF0" box="[151,259,1215,1234]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Thaumacera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6235F4BF915A8FF0" author="GEMMINGER M. &amp; HAROLD E. VON" bookContentInfo="3479 - 3676 + [2] + lxxiii pp." box="[263,555,1215,1234]" firstAuthor="Gemminger" journalOrPublisher="Theodor Ackermann, Monachii" page="3560" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" refId="ref30855" refString="GEMMINGER M. &amp; HAROLD E. VON 1876: Catalogus Coleopterorum. Vol. XII: Chrysomelidae (Pars II), Languriidae, Erotylidae, Endomychidae, Coccinellidae, Corylophidae, Platypsyllidae. Theodor Ackermann, Monachii, 3479 - 3676 + [2] + lxxiii pp." title="Catalogus Coleopterorum. Vol. XII: Chrysomelidae (Pars II), Languriidae, Erotylidae, Endomychidae, Coccinellidae, Corylophidae, Platypsyllidae" type="book" year="1876">Gemminger &amp; Harold, 1876: 3560</bibRefCitation>
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(unjustified emendation of 
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<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63FEF4DA92498FCF" box="[204,312,1242,1261]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Thaumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C626EF4DA92CA8FCF" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[348,443,1242,1261]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C626EF4DA92CA8FCF" box="[348,443,1242,1261]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Taumacera</emphasis>
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).
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<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C63A5F4F592F18E2A" author="BALY J. S." box="[151,384,1269,1288]" page="462" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1879">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C63A5F4F592F18E2A" authority="Baly, 1879 b: 462" authorityName="Baly" authorityPageNumber="462" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,384,1269,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Acroxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63A5F4F593998E2A" box="[151,232,1269,1288]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Acroxena</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C63DCF4F592F18E2A" author="BALY J. S." box="[238,384,1269,1288]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Cistula Entomologica" page="462" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="435 - 465" part="2" refId="ref30342" refString="BALY J. S. 1879 b: List of the phytophagous Coleoptera collected in Assam by A. W. Chennell, Esq., with notes and descriptions of the uncharacterized genera and species. Cistula Entomologica 2: 435 - 465." title="List of the phytophagous Coleoptera collected in Assam by A. W. Chennell, Esq., with notes and descriptions of the uncharacterized genera and species" type="journal article" year="1879" yearSuffix="b">Baly, 1879b: 462</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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(
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE0015C62BEF4F592C38E2A" box="[396,434,1269,1288]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6133F4F591848E2A" authority="Baly, 1879" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1879" box="[513,757,1269,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Acroxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasuta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6133F4F591E18E2A" box="[513,656,1269,1288]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Acroxena nasuta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C61A4F4F591848E2A" author="BALY J. S." box="[662,757,1269,1288]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="108 - 120" part="4" refId="ref30309" refString="BALY J. S. 1879 a: Descriptions of new genera and species of Gallerucinae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 5 th Series 4: 108 - 120." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of Gallerucinae" type="journal article" year="1879">Baly, 1879</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation), 
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C62BEF50F92AA8E00" bold="true" box="[396,475,1295,1314]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4F77866FFE0015C63A5F52A92668EAF" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C63A5F52A921B8E1F" author="BALY J. S." box="[151,362,1322,1341]" page="236" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1864">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C63A5F52A921B8E1F" authority="Baly, 1864: 236" authorityName="Baly" authorityPageNumber="236" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,362,1322,1341]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Doridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63A5F52A93AF8E1F" box="[151,222,1322,1341]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Doridea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C63D1F52A921B8E1F" author="BALY J. S." box="[227,362,1322,1341]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Entomological Society London" page="236" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="223 - 243" part="2" refId="ref30277" refString="BALY J. S. 1864: Descriptions of uncharacterized genera and species of Phytophaga. Transactions of the Entomological Society London, 3 rd Series 2: 223 - 243." title="Descriptions of uncharacterized genera and species of Phytophaga" type="journal article" year="1864">Baly, 1864: 236</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE0015C6247F52A92EA8E1F" box="[373,411,1322,1341]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C62DAF52A91AB8E1F" authority="Baly, 1864" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[488,730,1322,1341]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Doridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C62DAF52A91068E1F" box="[488,631,1322,1341]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Doridea insignis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C614EF52A91AB8E1F" author="BALY J. S." box="[636,730,1322,1341]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Entomological Society London" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="223 - 243" part="2" refId="ref30277" refString="BALY J. S. 1864: Descriptions of uncharacterized genera and species of Phytophaga. Transactions of the Entomological Society London, 3 rd Series 2: 223 - 243." title="Descriptions of uncharacterized genera and species of Phytophaga" type="journal article" year="1864">Baly, 1864</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation); 
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C6241F54591638E7A" author="WEISE J." box="[371,530,1349,1368]" page="108" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1922">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6241F54592988E7A" author="WEISE J." box="[371,489,1349,1368]" firstAuthor="WEISE" journalOrPublisher="Tijdschrift voor Entomologie" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="39 - 130" part="65" refId="ref33557" refString="WEISE J. 1922: Chrysomeliden der Indo-Malayischen Region. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 65: 39 - 130." title="Chrysomeliden der Indo-Malayischen Region" type="journal article" year="1922">WEISE (1922)</bibRefCitation>
: 108
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C61F1F545939E8E50" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Platyxantha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C61F1F545939E8E50" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Platyxantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C6230F55F920C8E50" author="REID C. A. M." box="[258,381,1375,1394]" page="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6230F55F921B8E50" author="REID C. A. M." box="[258,362,1375,1394]" firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 9" part="38" refId="ref33192" refString="REID C. A. M. 1999: Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 38: 1 - 9." title="Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1999">REID (1999)</bibRefCitation>
: 1
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6118F55F91F88E50" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[554,649,1375,1394]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6118F55F91F88E50" box="[554,649,1375,1394]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C61A9F55F92668EAF" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">synonymy confirmed.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C63A5F595939A8EE0" blockId="2.[151,765,1162,2061]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4F77866FFE0015C63A5F595939A8EE0" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C63A5F59592E78E8A" author="CHAPUIS F." box="[151,406,1429,1448]" page="245" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1875">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C63A5F59592018E8A" authority=": CHAPUIS (1875)" authorityName=": CHAPUIS" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,368,1429,1448]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Dorydea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63A5F59593938E8A" box="[151,226,1429,1448]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Dorydea</emphasis>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C63DEF59592018E8A" author="CHAPUIS F." bookContentInfo="420 pp." box="[236,368,1429,1448]" editor="LACORDAIRE T. &amp; CHAPUIS F." firstAuthor="CHAPUIS" journalOrPublisher="Roret, Paris" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" refId="ref30650" refString="CHAPUIS F. 1875: Famille des Phytophages. In: LACORDAIRE T. &amp; CHAPUIS F. (eds): Histoire naturelle des insectes. Genera des coleopteres ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes. Tome onzieme. Roret, Paris, 420 pp." title="Famille des Phytophages" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Histoire naturelle des insectes. Genera des coleopteres ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes. Tome onzieme" year="1875">CHAPUIS (1875)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: 245
</treatmentCitation>
(subsequent incorrect spelling of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6183F59593908EE0" authority="Baly" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Doridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6183F59591898E8A" box="[689,760,1429,1448]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Doridea</emphasis>
Baly
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C63A5F5CA91E58EDA" blockId="2.[151,765,1162,2061]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4F77866FFE0015C63A5F5CA91E58EDA" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C63A5F5CA92A18EFF" author="MOHAMEDSAID M. S." box="[151,464,1482,1501]" page="132" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1997">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C63A5F5CA92A18EFF" authority="Mohamedsaid, 1997 b: 132" authorityName="Mohamedsaid" authorityPageNumber="132" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,464,1482,1501]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Kinabalua" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63A5F5CA939E8EFF" box="[151,239,1482,1501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Kinabalua</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C63C1F5CA92A18EFF" author="MOHAMEDSAID M. S." box="[243,464,1482,1501]" firstAuthor="Mohamedsaid" journalOrPublisher="Serangga" page="132" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="131 - 135" part="2" refId="ref32693" refString="MOHAMEDSAID M. S. 1997 b: Kinabalua, a new genus of chrysomelid beetle from Sabah, Malaysia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Serangga 2: 131 - 135." title="Kinabalua, a new genus of chrysomelid beetle from Sabah, Malaysia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1997" yearSuffix="b">Mohamedsaid, 1997b:132</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE0015C62EBF5CA928F8EFF" box="[473,510,1482,1501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C617AF5CA92178EDA" authority="Mohamedsaid, 1997" authorityName="Mohamedsaid" authorityYear="1997" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Kinabalua" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antennata">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C617AF5CA91898EFF" box="[584,760,1482,1501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Kinabalua antennata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6387F5E592178EDA" author="MOHAMEDSAID M. S." box="[181,358,1509,1528]" firstAuthor="Mohamedsaid" journalOrPublisher="Serangga" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="53 - 64" part="2" refId="ref32662" refString="MOHAMEDSAID M. S. 1997 a: The Malaysian species of the genus Palpoxena Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Serangga 2: 53 - 64." title="The Malaysian species of the genus Palpoxena Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1997">Mohamedsaid, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation), 
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6177F5E591E58EDA" bold="true" box="[581,660,1509,1528]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C63A5F5FF91FE8D6A" blockId="2.[151,765,1162,2061]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4F77866FFE0015C63A5F5FF91FE8D6A" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C63A5F5FF92098D30" author="JACOBY M." box="[151,376,1535,1554]" page="63" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1886">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C63A5F5FF92098D30" authority="Jacoby, 1886: 63" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityPageNumber="63" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,376,1535,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Metellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63A5F5FF93918D30" box="[151,224,1535,1554]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Metellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C63D5F5FF92098D30" author="JACOBY M." box="[231,376,1535,1554]" firstAuthor="Jacoby" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova" page="63" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="41 - 121" part="24" refId="ref31157" refString="JACOBY M. 1886: Descriptions of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera from the Indo-Malayan and Austro-Malayan subregions, contained in the Genoa Civic Museum. Third part. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 24: 41 - 121." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera from the Indo-Malayan and Austro-Malayan subregions, contained in the Genoa Civic Museum. Third part" type="journal article" year="1886">Jacoby, 1886: 63</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(new substitute name for 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6169F5FF93918D0F" authority="Jacoby, 1881" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neocharis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6169F5FF91C28D30" box="[603,691,1535,1554]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Neocharis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C618AF5FF93918D0F" author="JACOBY M." firstAuthor="Jacoby" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="439 - 450" part="1881" refId="ref31060" refString="JACOBY M. 1881: Descriptions of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1881: 439 - 450." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera" type="journal article" year="1881">Jacoby, 1881</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
nec 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6239F61A92078D0F" author="SHARP D." box="[267,374,1562,1581]" firstAuthor="Sharp" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="469 - 487" part="19" refId="ref33313" refString="SHARP D. 1877: On the Elateridae of New Zealand. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 4 th Series 4 19: 469 - 487." title="On the Elateridae of New Zealand" type="journal article" year="1877">Sharp, 1877</bibRefCitation>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C62B4F61A91548D0F" author="WEISE J." box="[390,549,1562,1581]" page="231" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1913">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C62B4F61A928D8D0F" author="WEISE J." box="[390,508,1562,1581]" firstAuthor="WEISE" journalOrPublisher="Philippine Journal of Science, Section D" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="215 - 242" part="8" refId="ref33525" refString="WEISE J. 1913: Uber Chrysomeliden und Coccinelliden der Philippinen: II. Teil (Coleoptera). Philippine Journal of Science, Section D 8: 215 - 242." title="Uber Chrysomeliden und Coccinelliden der Philippinen: II. Teil (Coleoptera)" type="journal article" year="1913">WEISE (1913)</bibRefCitation>
: 231
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C61EAF61A93AB8D6A" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1886" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Nacrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C61EAF61A93AB8D6A" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Nacrea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C63DFF63592E78D6A" author="BRYANT G. E." box="[237,406,1589,1608]" page="147" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1923">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C63DFF635921F8D6A" author="BRYANT G. E." box="[237,366,1589,1608]" firstAuthor="BRYANT" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="130 - 147" part="12" refId="ref30617" refString="BRYANT G. E. 1923: Notes on synonymy in the Phytophaga (Coleoptera). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 th Series 12: 130 - 147." title="Notes on synonymy in the Phytophaga (Coleoptera)" type="journal article" year="1923">BRYANT (1923)</bibRefCitation>
: 147
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6176F63591F38D6A" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1886" box="[580,642,1589,1608]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Nacrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6176F63591F38D6A" box="[580,642,1589,1608]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Nacrea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C63A5F64F91898D5F" blockId="2.[151,765,1162,2061]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4F77866FFE0015C63A5F64F91898D5F" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C63A5F64F92108D40" author="BALY J. S." box="[151,353,1615,1634]" page="29" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1886">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C63A5F64F92108D40" authority="Baly, 1886 a: 29" authorityName="Baly" authorityPageNumber="29" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,353,1615,1634]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Nacrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63A5F64F93A48D40" box="[151,213,1615,1634]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Nacrea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C63E9F64F92108D40" author="BALY J. S." box="[219,353,1615,1634]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Entomological Society of London" page="29" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="27 - 39" part="1886" refId="ref30387" refString="BALY J. S. 1886 a: Descriptions of new genera and species of Galerucidae. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1886: 27 - 39." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of Galerucidae" type="journal article" year="1886" yearSuffix="a">Baly, 1886a: 29</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE0015C625FF64F92E28D40" box="[365,403,1615,1634]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C62D0F64F91AB8D40" authority="Baly, 1886" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1886" box="[482,730,1615,1634]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Nacrea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C62D0F64F91048D40" box="[482,629,1615,1634]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Nacrea maculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6149F64F91AB8D40" author="BALY J. S." box="[635,730,1615,1634]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Entomological Society of London" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="27 - 39" part="1886" refId="ref30387" refString="BALY J. S. 1886 a: Descriptions of new genera and species of Galerucidae. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1886: 27 - 39." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of Galerucidae" type="journal article" year="1886">Baly, 1886</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation); 
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C625BF66A928F8D5F" author="JACOBY M." box="[361,510,1642,1661]" page="65" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1891">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C625BF66A92928D5F" author="JACOBY M." box="[361,483,1642,1661]" firstAuthor="JACOBY" journalOrPublisher="The Entomologist" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="62 - 65" part="24" refId="ref31333" refString="JACOBY M. 1891: Descriptions of some new species of phytophagous Coleoptera. The Entomologist 24 (Supplement): 62 - 65." title="Descriptions of some new species of phytophagous Coleoptera" type="journal article" year="1891">JACOBY (1891)</bibRefCitation>
:65
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6196F66A919A8D5F" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1886" box="[676,747,1642,1661]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Metellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6196F66A919A8D5F" box="[676,747,1642,1661]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Metellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C63A5F68592898DEF" blockId="2.[151,765,1162,2061]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4F77866FFE0015C63A5F68592898DEF" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C63A5F68592FB8DBA" author="JACOBY M." box="[151,394,1669,1688]" page="448" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1881">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C63A5F68592FB8DBA" authority="Jacoby, 1881: 448" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityPageNumber="448" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,394,1669,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neocharis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63A5F685939E8DBA" box="[151,239,1669,1688]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Neocharis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C63C1F68592FB8DBA" author="JACOBY M." box="[243,394,1669,1688]" firstAuthor="Jacoby" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" page="448" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="439 - 450" part="1881" refId="ref31060" refString="JACOBY M. 1881: Descriptions of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1881: 439 - 450." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera" type="journal article" year="1881">Jacoby, 1881: 448</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE0015C62A6F68592CB8DBA" box="[404,442,1669,1688]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6137F68593938D90" authority="Jacoby, 1881" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1881" baseAuthorityName="Jacoby" baseAuthorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neocharis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvicollis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6137F68591C48DBA" box="[517,693,1669,1688]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Neocharis fulvicollis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C618BF68593938D90" author="JACOBY M." firstAuthor="Jacoby" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="439 - 450" part="1881" refId="ref31060" refString="JACOBY M. 1881: Descriptions of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1881: 439 - 450." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera" type="journal article" year="1881">Jacoby, 1881</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation). Preoccupied by 
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C616DF69F927A8DEF" author="SHARP D." page="485" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1877">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C616DF69F927A8DEF" authority="Sharp, 1877: 485" authorityName="Sharp" authorityPageNumber="485" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neocharis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C616DF69F91C98D90" box="[607,696,1695,1714]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Neocharis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C61F2F69F927A8DEF" author="SHARP D." firstAuthor="Sharp" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" page="485" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="469 - 487" part="19" refId="ref33313" refString="SHARP D. 1877: On the Elateridae of New Zealand. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 4 th Series 4 19: 469 - 487." title="On the Elateridae of New Zealand" type="journal article" year="1877">Sharp, 1877: 485</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6224F6BA92098DEF" ID-CoL="C2L" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[278,376,1722,1741]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C62B3F6BA929E8DEF" ID-CoL="9WK" authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" box="[385,495,1722,1741]" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eucnemidae</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C63A5F6D592008C3F" blockId="2.[151,765,1162,2061]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4F77866FFE0015C63A5F6D592008C3F" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C63A5F6D592D28DCA" author="JACOBY M." box="[151,419,1749,1768]" page="117" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1887">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C63A5F6D592D28DCA" authority="Jacoby, 1887 a: 117" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityPageNumber="117" authorityYear="1887" box="[151,419,1749,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neochrolea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63A5F6D5938B8DCA" box="[151,250,1749,1768]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Neochrolea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C63CDF6D592D28DCA" author="JACOBY M." box="[255,419,1749,1768]" firstAuthor="Jacoby" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" page="117" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="65 - 119" part="1887" refId="ref31203" refString="JACOBY M. 1887 a: Descriptions of the phytophagousColeoptera of Ceylon, obtained by Mr. George Lewis during the years 1881 - 1882. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1887: 65 - 119 + pls. X-XI." title="Descriptions of the phytophagousColeoptera of Ceylon, obtained by Mr. George Lewis during the years 1881 - 1882" type="journal article" year="1887" yearSuffix="a">Jacoby, 1887a: 117</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE0015C629CF6D592A58DCA" box="[430,468,1749,1768]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6110F6D592648C20" authority="Jacoby, 1887" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1887" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neochrolea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavifrons">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6110F6D591AB8DCA" box="[546,730,1749,1768]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Neochrolea cavifrons</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C61EDF6D592648C20" author="JACOBY M." firstAuthor="Jacoby" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="65 - 119" part="1887" refId="ref31203" refString="JACOBY M. 1887 a: Descriptions of the phytophagousColeoptera of Ceylon, obtained by Mr. George Lewis during the years 1881 - 1882. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1887: 65 - 119 + pls. X-XI." title="Descriptions of the phytophagousColeoptera of Ceylon, obtained by Mr. George Lewis during the years 1881 - 1882" type="journal article" year="1887">Jacoby, 1887</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by monotypy); 
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C6290F6EF913F8C20" author="MAULIK S." box="[418,590,1775,1794]" page="580" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1936">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6290F6EF91548C20" author="MAULIK S." bookContentInfo="xiv + 648 pp. + 1 pl." box="[418,549,1775,1794]" editor="SEWELL R. B. S." firstAuthor="MAULIK" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" refId="ref32093" refString="MAULIK S. 1936: Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae (Galerucinae). In: SEWELL R. B. S. (ed.): The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor and Francis, London, xiv + 648 pp. + 1 pl." title="Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae (Galerucinae)" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma" year="1936">MAULIK (1936)</bibRefCitation>
: 580
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6387F70A92618C3F" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[181,272,1802,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6387F70A92618C3F" box="[181,272,1802,1821]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6210F70A92008C3F" bold="true" box="[290,369,1802,1821]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C63A5F72592008CAA" blockId="2.[151,765,1162,2061]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4F77866FFE0015C63A5F72592008CAA" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C63A5F72592B78C1A" author="LABOISSIERE V." box="[151,454,1829,1848]" page="66" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1933">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C63A5F72592B78C1A" authority="Laboissiere, 1933: 66" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityPageNumber="66" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,454,1829,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paraenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63A5F725938D8C1A" box="[151,252,1829,1848]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Paraenidea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6237F72592B78C1A" author="LABOISSIERE V." box="[261,454,1829,1848]" firstAuthor="Laboissiere" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" page="66" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="51 - 72" part="102" refId="ref31981" refString="LABOISSIERE V. 1933: Observations sur les Galerucini asiatiques principalement du Tonkin et du Yunnan et descriptions de nouveaux genres et especes (4 e partie). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 102: 51 - 72." title="Observations sur les Galerucini asiatiques principalement du Tonkin et du Yunnan et descriptions de nouveaux genres et especes (4 e partie)" type="journal article" year="1933">Laboissière, 1933: 66</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE0015C62E6F725928A8C1A" box="[468,507,1829,1848]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6162F72592248C70" authority="Laboissiere, 1933" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paraenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurea">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6162F72591868C1A" box="[592,759,1829,1848]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Paraenidea azurea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6387F73F92248C70" author="LABOISSIERE V." box="[181,341,1855,1874]" firstAuthor="Laboissiere" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="51 - 72" part="102" refId="ref31981" refString="LABOISSIERE V. 1933: Observations sur les Galerucini asiatiques principalement du Tonkin et du Yunnan et descriptions de nouveaux genres et especes (4 e partie). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 102: 51 - 72." title="Observations sur les Galerucini asiatiques principalement du Tonkin et du Yunnan et descriptions de nouveaux genres et especes (4 e partie)" type="journal article" year="1933">Laboissière, 1933</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation); 
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C6177F73F91868C70" author="KIMOTO S." box="[581,759,1855,1874]" page="202" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6177F73F91BD8C70" author="KIMOTO S." box="[581,716,1855,1874]" firstAuthor="KIMOTO" journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 241" part="27" refId="ref31672" refString="KIMOTO S. 1989: Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. IV. Galerucinae. Esakia 27: 1 - 241." title="Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. IV. Galerucinae" type="journal article" year="1989">KIMOTO (1989)</bibRefCitation>
: 202
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C626FF75A92B58C4F" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[349,452,1882,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Platyxantha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C626FF75A92B58C4F" box="[349,452,1882,1901]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Platyxantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C62E4F75A91218C4F" author="REID C. A. M." box="[470,592,1882,1901]" page="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C62E4F75A914F8C4F" author="REID C. A. M." box="[470,574,1882,1901]" firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 9" part="38" refId="ref33192" refString="REID C. A. M. 1999: Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 38: 1 - 9." title="Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1999">REID (1999)</bibRefCitation>
: 3
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6387F77592618CAA" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[181,272,1909,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6387F77592618CAA" box="[181,272,1909,1928]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6210F77592008CAA" bold="true" box="[290,369,1909,1928]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C63A5F78F92508CFA" blockId="2.[151,765,1162,2061]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4F77866FFE0015C63A5F78F92508CFA" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C63A5F78F92FE8C80" author="BALY J. S." box="[151,399,1935,1954]" page="233" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1864">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C63A5F78F92FE8C80" authority="Baly, 1864: 233" authorityName="Baly" authorityPageNumber="233" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,399,1935,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Platyxantha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63A5F78F938F8C80" box="[151,254,1935,1954]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Platyxantha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6237F78F92FE8C80" author="BALY J. S." box="[261,399,1935,1954]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Entomological Society London" page="233" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="223 - 243" part="2" refId="ref30277" refString="BALY J. S. 1864: Descriptions of uncharacterized genera and species of Phytophaga. Transactions of the Entomological Society London, 3 rd Series 2: 223 - 243." title="Descriptions of uncharacterized genera and species of Phytophaga" type="journal article" year="1864">Baly, 1864: 233</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE0015C62AEF78F92B38C80" box="[412,450,1935,1954]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6121F78F93938C9F" authority="Baly, 1864" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Platyxantha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6121F78F91B48C80" box="[531,709,1935,1954]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Platyxantha apicalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C61F9F78F93938C9F" author="BALY J. S." firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Entomological Society London" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="223 - 243" part="2" refId="ref30277" refString="BALY J. S. 1864: Descriptions of uncharacterized genera and species of Phytophaga. Transactions of the Entomological Society London, 3 rd Series 2: 223 - 243." title="Descriptions of uncharacterized genera and species of Phytophaga" type="journal article" year="1864">Baly, 1864</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation); 
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C62F8F7AA913B8C9F" author="REID C. A. M." box="[458,586,1962,1981]" page="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C62F8F7AA91448C9F" author="REID C. A. M." box="[458,565,1962,1981]" firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 9" part="38" refId="ref33192" refString="REID C. A. M. 1999: Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 38: 1 - 9." title="Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1999">REID (1999)</bibRefCitation>
: 1
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6387F7C592658CFA" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[181,276,1989,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6387F7C592658CFA" box="[181,276,1989,2008]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C63A5F7DF90808A24" blockId="2.[151,765,1162,2061]" lastBlockId="2.[828,1437,190,316]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4F77866FFE0015C63A5F7DF90808A24" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C63A5F7DF92978CD0" author="LABOISSIERE V." box="[151,486,2015,2034]" page="71" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1933">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C63A5F7DF92978CD0" authority="Laboissiere, 1933: 71" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityPageNumber="71" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,486,2015,2034]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Platyxanthoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C63A5F7DF92508CD0" box="[151,289,2015,2034]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Platyxanthoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C621BF7DF92978CD0" author="LABOISSIERE V." box="[297,486,2015,2034]" firstAuthor="Laboissiere" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" page="71" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="51 - 72" part="102" refId="ref31981" refString="LABOISSIERE V. 1933: Observations sur les Galerucini asiatiques principalement du Tonkin et du Yunnan et descriptions de nouveaux genres et especes (4 e partie). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 102: 51 - 72." title="Observations sur les Galerucini asiatiques principalement du Tonkin et du Yunnan et descriptions de nouveaux genres et especes (4 e partie)" type="journal article" year="1933">Laboissière, 1933: 71</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE0015C62C6F7DF916B8CD0" box="[500,538,2015,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C615CF7DF92D4832F" authority="Laboissiere, 1933" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Platyxanthoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variceps">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C615CF7DF938F832F" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Platyxanthoides variceps</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6235F7FA92D4832F" author="LABOISSIERE V." box="[263,421,2042,2061]" firstAuthor="Laboissiere" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="51 - 72" part="102" refId="ref31981" refString="LABOISSIERE V. 1933: Observations sur les Galerucini asiatiques principalement du Tonkin et du Yunnan et descriptions de nouveaux genres et especes (4 e partie). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 102: 51 - 72." title="Observations sur les Galerucini asiatiques principalement du Tonkin et du Yunnan et descriptions de nouveaux genres et especes (4 e partie)" type="journal article" year="1933">Laboissière, 1933</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation); 
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C61A6F7FA908E8BF3" author="GRESSITT J. L. &amp; KIMOTO S." box="[660,1023,190,2061]" page="685" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1963">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C61A6F7FA90A88BF3" author="GRESSITT J. L. &amp; KIMOTO S." box="[660,985,190,2061]" firstAuthor="GRESSITT" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects Monograph" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 1026" part="1" refId="ref30906" refString="GRESSITT J. L. &amp; KIMOTO S. 1963: The Chrysomelidae (Coleopt.) of China and Korea. Part 2. Pacific Insects Monograph 1 B: 1 - 1026." title="The Chrysomelidae (Coleopt.) of China and Korea. Part 2" type="journal article" year="1963">GRESSITT &amp; KIMOTO (1963)</bibRefCitation>
:685
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C679AF0BE967B8BF3" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1933" box="[1192,1290,190,209]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paraenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C679AF0BE967B8BF3" box="[1192,1290,190,209]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Paraenidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C6629F0BE900B8BCE" author="KIMOTO S." page="202" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6629F0BE96E88BF3" author="KIMOTO S." box="[1307,1433,190,209]" firstAuthor="KIMOTO" journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 241" part="27" refId="ref31672" refString="KIMOTO S. 1989: Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. IV. Galerucinae. Esakia 27: 1 - 241." title="Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. IV. Galerucinae" type="journal article" year="1989">KIMOTO (1989)</bibRefCitation>
: 202
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C671BF0D997E18BCE" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[1065,1168,217,236]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Platyxantha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C671BF0D997E18BCE" box="[1065,1168,217,236]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Platyxantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6790F0D9967A8BCE" author="REID C. A. M." box="[1186,1291,217,236]" firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 9" part="38" refId="ref33192" refString="REID C. A. M. 1999: Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 38: 1 - 9." title="Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1999">REID (1999)</bibRefCitation>
: 1 (synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C60B7F0F390958A24" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[901,996,243,262]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C60B7F0F390958A24" box="[901,996,243,262]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C600EF10E97C48A1E" blockId="2.[828,1437,190,316]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A4F77866FFE0015C600EF10E97C48A1E" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="05467959FFE0015C600EF10E97548A03" author="BALY J. S." box="[828,1061,270,289]" page="298" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" year="1861">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C600EF10E97548A03" authority="Baly, 1861: 298" authorityName="Baly" authorityPageNumber="298" authorityYear="1861" box="[828,1061,270,289]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xenarthra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C600EF10E90E58A03" box="[828,916,270,289]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Xenarthra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C60A8F10E97548A03" author="BALY J. S." box="[922,1061,270,289]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomology" page="298" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="275 - 302" part="1" refId="ref30252" refString="BALY J. S. 1861: Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga. Journal of Entomology 1: 275 - 302." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga" type="journal article" year="1861">Baly, 1861: 298</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE0015C6700F10E97298A03" box="[1074,1112,270,289]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6798F10E90F68A1E" authority="Baly, 1861" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xenarthra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6798F10E96188A03" box="[1194,1385,270,289]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Xenarthra cervicornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6642F10E90F68A1E" author="BALY J. S." firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomology" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="275 - 302" part="1" refId="ref30252" refString="BALY J. S. 1861: Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga. Journal of Entomology 1: 275 - 302." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga" type="journal article" year="1861">Baly, 1861</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation), 
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6754F12997C48A1E" bold="true" box="[1126,1205,297,316]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CCFD0CC3FFE0015D600EF15491448A97" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C600EF154978B8AA9" blockId="2.[828,1437,340,2059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C600EF15490AF8A49" bold="true" box="[828,990,340,363]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Redescription</emphasis>
(modified and extended based on 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C6658F154900C8AA9" author="REID C. A. M." firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 9" part="38" refId="ref33192" refString="REID C. A. M. 1999: Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 38: 1 - 9." title="Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1999">REID (1999</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE0015C60B5F17490B18AA9" author="REID C. A. M." box="[903,960,372,395]" firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" pagination="253 - 257" part="49" refId="ref33234" refString="REID C. A. M. 2001: A new species of the genus Taumacera Thunberg, deusta species-group (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) from Borneo. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 49: 253 - 257." title="A new species of the genus Taumacera Thunberg, deusta species-group (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) from Borneo" type="journal article" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
)). Body length 5.0–12.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C6068F19496EC89E9" blockId="2.[828,1437,340,2059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6068F194909B8A89" box="[858,1002,404,427]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6068F19490D58A89" bold="true" box="[858,932,404,427]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Males.</emphasis>
Head
</emphasis>
. Eyes moderately large. Gena 0.2–0.4 times as long as eye. Anterior part of head not modified or modified (e.g., surface even or convex, dull, covered with punctures and wrinkles; shallowly concave; strongly excavated and modified; or head extremely thin in lateral view – 
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE0015C60A1F23497678969" box="[915,1046,564,587]" captionStart="Figs 43–54" captionStartId="11.[151,188,1981,2000]" captionTargetBox="[236,1349,522,1969]" captionTargetId="figure-14@11.[236,1352,519,1973]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 43–54. Male head of Taumacera. 43 – T. musaamani (Mohamedsaid, 2010) (Sabah); 44 – T. cervicornis (Baly, 1861) (Sri Lanka); 45 – T. deusta Thunberg, 1814 (Bali); 46 – T. laevipennis (Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan); 47 – T. insignis (Baly 1864) (Pahang); 48 – T. facialis (Baly, 1886) (Sri Lanka); 49 – T. frontalis Mohamedsaid, 2001 (Perak); 50 – T. indicola nom. nov. (Maharashtra); 51 – T. nigricornis (Baly, 1864) (lateral view, syntype); 52 – T. rufomarginata (Jacoby, 1895) (Java); 53 – T. indica (Jacoby, 1889) (Thailand); 54 – T. variceps (Laboissière, 1933) (Thailand)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505530/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Figs 43–54</figureCitation>
). Labrum usually not modified or, rarely, enlarged (the 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C6724F254972C8949" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1879" box="[1046,1117,596,619]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Acroxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasuta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6724F254972C8949" box="[1046,1117,596,619]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">nasuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group). Frontal tubercles flat, broad, rectangular, usually with produced inner anterior angle, rarely transversely triangular. Penultimate maxillary palpomere not greatly swollen, apical palpomere conical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C6068F2D497ED88C9" blockId="2.[828,1437,340,2059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6068F2D490B189C9" box="[858,960,724,747]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Antennae</emphasis>
11–segmented (except 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C67F8F2D4961389C9" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[1226,1378,724,747]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xenarthra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C67F8F2D4961389C9" box="[1226,1378,724,747]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">T. cervicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 12 antennomeres), slender with antennomeres relatively robust, often some antennomeres strongly modified (for antennal shape examples see 
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE0015C6743F33497988869" box="[1137,1257,820,843]" captionStart="Figs 19–30" captionStartId="8.[151,188,1983,2002]" captionTargetBox="[159,1431,196,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-13@8.[151,1437,192,1920]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 19–30. Male antenna of Taumacera. 19 – T. musaamani (Mohamedsaid, 2010) (Sabah); 20 – T. cervicornis (Baly, 1861) (Sri Lanka); 21 – T. lewisi (Jacoby, 1887) (Sri Lanka); 22 – T.laevipennis (Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan); 23 – T. subapicalis Mohamedsaid, 1993 (Pahang); 24 – T. insignis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang); 25 – T. indicola nom. nov. (Maharashtra); 26 – T. ventralis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang); 27 – T. indica (Jacoby, 1889) (Thailand); 28 – T. variceps (Laboissière, 1933) (Thailand); 29 – T. monstrosa (Jacoby, 1899) (Kelantan); 30 – T. sumatrana (Jacoby 1899) (Johor)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505526/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Figs 19–30</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE0015C67C1F33496398869" box="[1267,1352,820,843]" captionStart="Figs 94–104" captionStartId="20.[151,187,1619,1638]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,190,1594]" captionTargetId="figure-13@20.[151,1437,190,1595]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figs 94–104. Habitus of Taumacera. 94– T.variceps (Laboissière, 1933) (male); 95 – T.viridis (Hope, 1831) (male, syntype); 96 – T.coxalis (Jacoby, 1899) (female, syntype); 97 – T. jacobyi Weise, 1922 (male, syntype of Dorydea costatipennis Jacoby, 1896); 98 – T. javanensis Jacoby, 1895 (male, syntype); 99 – T. kinabaluensis (Mohamedsaid, 1995) (male); 100 – T. monstrosa (Jacoby, 1899) (male); 101 – T. multicostata (Jacoby, 1896) (female, syntype); 102 – T. submetallica (Jacoby, 1896) (female, syntype); 103 – T. sumatrana (Jacoby, 1899) (male); 104 – T. variabilis (Jacoby, 1891) (male, syntype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505540" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505540/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">97–104</figureCitation>
); antennomere II very short, III long, 3.5–6.0 times longer than II, 0.85–1.40 as long as I (usually subequal in lenght) and about 2.5–5.0 times as long as wide (cannot be applied for species with modified antennomere III). Antennomeres sometimes longitudinally ridged.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C6068F3F496548F89" blockId="2.[828,1437,340,2059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6068F3F490B58F29" box="[858,964,1012,1035]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Pronotum</emphasis>
transverse, 1.2–1.6 times as wide as long, broadest at middle or at anterior half, with pair of discal depressions (sometimes reduced but visible, or, rarely, without depressions). Anterior pronotal border absent. Lateral margins rounded or subparallel in posterior half and rounded in anterior half, rarely explanate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C6068F4B497A78E69" blockId="2.[828,1437,340,2059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6068F4B490EC8FE9" box="[858,925,1204,1227]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Elytra</emphasis>
. Surface usually almost glabrous (with scattered erect setae on apical lobes only) or, rarely, densely covered with longer setae (the 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C672CF4F497E58E29" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[1054,1172,1268,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xenarthra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C672CF4F497E58E29" box="[1054,1172,1268,1291]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">cervicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group). Elytra confusedly punctate and nonstriate, semistriate or slightly costate. Epipleura gradually narrowed to apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C6068F55496208DA9" blockId="2.[828,1437,340,2059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6068F55490FD8E49" box="[858,908,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Legs</emphasis>
. Procoxae globular, prosternal process reduced to thin depressed ridge, procoxal cavities closed. Protibiae usually simple, sometimes with emargination on inner side. Protarsomere I usually not modified, rarely almost circular (the 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C605BF5D490CA8EC9" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1864" box="[873,955,1492,1515]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Doridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C605BF5D490CA8EC9" box="[873,955,1492,1515]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group). Metatibia simple without apical spine or with subapical lobe sometimes with apical short black spine. Length of metatarsomere I about equal to following tarsomeres combined. Tarsal claws appendiculate with basal tooth small and rounded. Metatarsomere I usually simple, rarely slightly expanded and emarginated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C6068F69497908C29" blockId="2.[828,1437,340,2059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6068F694975D8D89" box="[858,1068,1684,1707]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Metasternal process</emphasis>
usually flat or slightly concave with thinly split apex, rarely apex bifurcate, divergent, whole process directed down, or accompanied with one or two pairs of small appendices (
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE0015C676AF6F497A78C29" box="[1112,1238,1780,1803]" captionStart="Figs 31–42" captionStartId="9.[151,188,1101,1120]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,189,1077]" captionTargetId="figure-535@9.[151,1437,188,1084]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 31–42. Male metasternal process of Taumacera. 31 – T. cervicornis (Baly, 1861) (Sri Lanka); 32 – T. deusta Thunberg, 1814 (Bali); 33 – T. frontalis Mohamedsaid, 2001 (Perak); 34 – T. indica (Jacoby, 1889) (Thailand); 35 – T. indicola nom. nov. (Maharashtra); 36 – T. insignis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang); 37 – T. kinabaluensis (Mohamedsaid, 1995) (Sabah); 38 – T. musaamani (Mohamedsaid, 2010) (Sabah); 39 – T. rufomarginata (Jacoby, 1895) (Java); 40 – T. subapicalis Mohamedsaid, 1993 (Pahang); 41 – T. variceps (Laboissière, 1933) (Thailand); 42 – T. ventralis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Figs 31–42</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C6068F71496658C09" blockId="2.[828,1437,340,2059]" box="[858,1300,1812,1835]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6068F71490B78C09" box="[858,966,1812,1835]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Last ventrite apically trilobate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE0015C6068F734977E8329" blockId="2.[828,1437,340,2059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C6068F73490B38C69" box="[858,962,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Aedeagus</emphasis>
always flatenned apically and with split apex (
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE0015C6071F75490B38C49" box="[835,962,1876,1899]" captionStart="Figs 55–63" captionStartId="14.[151,188,2008,2027]" captionTargetBox="[195,1395,450,1987]" captionTargetId="figure-13@14.[187,1400,442,1992]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figs 55–63. Aedeagus of Taumacera. 55 –T. musaamani (Mohamedsaid, 2010) (Sabah); 56 – T. cervicornis (Baly, 1861) (Sri Lanka); 57 – T. subapicalis Mohamedsaid, 1993 (Pahang); 58 – T. insignis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang); 59 – T. frontalis Mohamedsaid, 2001 (Perak); 60 – T. indicola nom. nov. (Maharashtra); 61 – T. ventralis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang); 62 – T. variceps (Laboissière, 1933) (Thailand); 63 – T. monstrosa (Jacoby, 1899) (Kelantan)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505532/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Figs 55–63</figureCitation>
). Ventral side with longitudinal groove (sometimes only in apical half), always distinctly narrowed subapically, constriction formed by two small triangular processes which can make distinct angulation in lateral view. In 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE0015C60A6F7D490858CC9" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1879" box="[916,1012,2004,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Acroxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasuta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE0015C60A6F7D490858CC9" box="[916,1012,2004,2027]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">T. nasuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group aedeagus dorsally with two small denticles near apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE1015D6387F0BE91448A97" blockId="3.[151,760,190,437]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6387F0BE926B8BF7" bold="true" box="[181,282,190,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6387F0BE92638BF7" bold="true" box="[181,274,190,213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Females</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Antennae slender, unmodified. Tibiae always without tibial spurs. Posterior margin of last ventrite regularly rounded, without incisions. Spermatheca with C–shaped cornu and well developed bulbus (
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D61A5F11E919B8A17" box="[663,746,286,309]" captionStart="Figs 10–18" captionStartId="5.[151,188,1185,1204]" captionTargetBox="[153,1430,197,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-365@5.[151,1436,192,1166]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 10–18. Female genitalia. 10–12 – Taumacera laevipennis (Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan). 10 – gonocoxae; 11 – spermatheca; 12 – sternite VIII. 13–15 – Palpoxena laeta Baly, 1861 (Perak). 13 – gonocoxae; 14 – spermatheca; 15 – sternite VIII. 16–18 – Cerophysa nodicornis (Wiedemann, 1823) (Java). 16 – gonocoxae; 17 – spermatheca; 18 – sternite VIII. Scale bars: 0.25 mm for Figs 11, 14 and 17; 0.5 mm for Figs 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505524/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxae with split apex, apical part with several long setae, base bifurcate (
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D6249F15E92BB8A57" box="[379,458,350,373]" captionStart="Figs 10–18" captionStartId="5.[151,188,1185,1204]" captionTargetBox="[153,1430,197,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-365@5.[151,1436,192,1166]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 10–18. Female genitalia. 10–12 – Taumacera laevipennis (Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan). 10 – gonocoxae; 11 – spermatheca; 12 – sternite VIII. 13–15 – Palpoxena laeta Baly, 1861 (Perak). 13 – gonocoxae; 14 – spermatheca; 15 – sternite VIII. 16–18 – Cerophysa nodicornis (Wiedemann, 1823) (Java). 16 – gonocoxae; 17 – spermatheca; 18 – sternite VIII. Scale bars: 0.25 mm for Figs 11, 14 and 17; 0.5 mm for Figs 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505524/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Sternite VIII suboval, with setae cummulated in apical part, tignum thin circa 2–3 times as long as sternite VIII (
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D62EBF19E91598A97" box="[473,552,414,437]" captionStart="Figs 10–18" captionStartId="5.[151,188,1185,1204]" captionTargetBox="[153,1430,197,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-365@5.[151,1436,192,1166]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 10–18. Female genitalia. 10–12 – Taumacera laevipennis (Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan). 10 – gonocoxae; 11 – spermatheca; 12 – sternite VIII. 13–15 – Palpoxena laeta Baly, 1861 (Perak). 13 – gonocoxae; 14 – spermatheca; 15 – sternite VIII. 16–18 – Cerophysa nodicornis (Wiedemann, 1823) (Java). 16 – gonocoxae; 17 – spermatheca; 18 – sternite VIII. Scale bars: 0.25 mm for Figs 11, 14 and 17; 0.5 mm for Figs 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505524/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CCFD0CC3FFE1015D63A5F1CD96168A57" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE1015D63A5F1CD911A89E6" blockId="3.[151,760,461,2084]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D63A5F1CD92E08AC6" bold="true" box="[151,401,461,484]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D62A5F1CD917F8AC6" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[407,526,461,484]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D62A5F1CD917F8AC6" box="[407,526,461,484]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is close to 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D61B4F1CD927A8926" authority="Baly, 1861" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D61B4F1CD91898AC6" box="[646,760,461,484]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D63A5F1ED927A8926" author="BALY J. S." box="[151,267,493,516]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomology" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="275 - 302" part="1" refId="ref30252" refString="BALY J. S. 1861: Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga. Journal of Entomology 1: 275 - 302." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga" type="journal article" year="1861">Baly, 1861</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and both genera can be treated as sister-genera (
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D63ADF20D927E8906" author="REID C. A. M." box="[159,271,525,548]" firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 9" part="38" refId="ref33192" refString="REID C. A. M. 1999: Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 38: 1 - 9." title="Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1999">REID 1999</bibRefCitation>
). They share the closed anterior coxal cavities, meso- and metatibia without an apical spine (some 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D61FAF22D93968946" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D61FAF22D93968946" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a spine on subapical lobe on metatibia), and a similar structure of the aedeagus. Female genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D63A5F28D92788986" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,265,653,676]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D63A5F28D92788986" box="[151,265,653,676]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6209F28D92C38986" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[315,434,653,676]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6209F28D92C38986" box="[315,434,653,676]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very similar, but they were studied only in a limited number of species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE1015D6387F2CD91828EE6" blockId="3.[151,760,461,2084]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6387F2CD925689C6" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[181,295,717,740]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6387F2CD925689C6" box="[181,295,717,740]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
itself is in need of revision. The characters presented here are valid for the 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D62D0F2ED91FE8826" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[482,655,749,772]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D62D0F2ED91FE8826" box="[482,655,749,772]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena laeta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group, in which the 
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE1015D6238F30D92498806" box="[266,312,781,804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
species 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D62A4F30D91158806" authority="Baly, 1861" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[406,612,781,804]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D62A4F30D92968806" box="[406,487,781,804]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">P. laeta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D62C2F30D91158806" author="BALY J. S." box="[496,612,781,804]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomology" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="275 - 302" part="1" refId="ref30252" refString="BALY J. S. 1861: Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga. Journal of Entomology 1: 275 - 302." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga" type="journal article" year="1861">Baly, 1861</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D6147F30D91828806" box="[629,755,781,804]" captionStart="Figs 1–9. 1–3" captionStartId="4.[151,188,2012,2031]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,494,1986]" captionTargetId="figure-13@4.[156,1433,493,2001]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 1–9. 1–3 – Male habitus. 1 – Taumacera deusta Thunberg, 1814 (Bali); 2 – Palpoxena laeta Baly, 1861 (Perak); 3 – Cerophysa nodicornis(Wiedemann,1823) (Java). 4–5 – Taumacera deusta details. 4 – male antenna; 5 – aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views. 6–7 – Palpoxena laeta details. 6 – male antenna; 7 – aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views. 8–9 – Cerophysa nodicornis details. 8 – male antenna; 9 – aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505522/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Figs 2, 6–7</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D63A5F32D93AA8866" box="[151,219,813,836]" captionStart="Figs 10–18" captionStartId="5.[151,188,1185,1204]" captionTargetBox="[153,1430,197,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-365@5.[151,1436,192,1166]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 10–18. Female genitalia. 10–12 – Taumacera laevipennis (Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan). 10 – gonocoxae; 11 – spermatheca; 12 – sternite VIII. 13–15 – Palpoxena laeta Baly, 1861 (Perak). 13 – gonocoxae; 14 – spermatheca; 15 – sternite VIII. 16–18 – Cerophysa nodicornis (Wiedemann, 1823) (Java). 16 – gonocoxae; 17 – spermatheca; 18 – sternite VIII. Scale bars: 0.25 mm for Figs 11, 14 and 17; 0.5 mm for Figs 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505524/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">13–15</figureCitation>
) belongs. The best character for separating the two genera seems to be the presence (
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D62CDF34D91078846" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[511,630,845,868]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D62CDF34D91078846" box="[511,630,845,868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or absence (
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6392F36D926388A6" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[160,274,877,900]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6392F36D926388A6" box="[160,274,877,900]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) of a metasternal process in males. Males of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D63A5F38D92788886" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,265,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D63A5F38D92788886" box="[151,265,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
always have filiform antennae, never with expanded or ridged antennomeres, while the antennomeres in males of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D63CBF3CD920188C6" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[249,368,973,996]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D63CBF3CD920188C6" box="[249,368,973,996]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are often expanded, sometimes with a visible ridge (if slender, they are relatively robust, never filiform).Antennomere III is extremely long in 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D61B2F40D91808F06" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[640,753,1037,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D61B2F40D91808F06" box="[640,753,1037,1060]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ca. 5.0–7.5 times as long as II and about 5.0–7.0 times as long as wide, while being more robust in 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6161F44D91BB8F46" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[595,714,1101,1124]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6161F44D91BB8F46" box="[595,714,1101,1124]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ca. 3.5–6.0 time as long as II and about 2.5–5.0 times as long as wide). 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6234F48D92088F86" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[262,377,1165,1188]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6234F48D92088F86" box="[262,377,1165,1188]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species have the frontal tubercles reduced to a very narrow, bent keel, and sometimes nearly absent, while the frontal tubercles in 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D616AF4CD91BE8FC6" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[600,719,1229,1252]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D616AF4CD91BE8FC6" box="[600,719,1229,1252]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are well developed. An excavated or modified frontoclypeus is typical for many 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6242F50D92938E06" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[368,482,1293,1316]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6242F50D92938E06" box="[368,482,1293,1316]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males, while the head in 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D63A5F52D927F8E66" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[151,270,1325,1348]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D63A5F52D927F8E66" box="[151,270,1325,1348]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males is usually without such modifications (with some exceptions, e.g., the 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D62DDF54D913D8E46" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1889" box="[495,588,1357,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Dorydea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D62DDF54D913D8E46" box="[495,588,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">T. indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or the 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D61A4F54D91868E46" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1879" box="[662,759,1357,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Acroxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasuta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D61A4F54D91868E46" box="[662,759,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">T. nasuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-groups). Greatly expanded maxillary palps, previously used for separating both genera, are known only in the 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D638CF5AD921D8EE6" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[190,364,1453,1476]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D638CF5AD921D8EE6" box="[190,364,1453,1476]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena laeta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group, not in all 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6114F5AD91E98EE6" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[550,664,1453,1476]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6114F5AD91E98EE6" box="[550,664,1453,1476]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE1015D6387F5CD96168A57" blockId="3.[151,760,461,2084]" lastBlockId="3.[828,1437,190,373]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
In past decades, 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D626EF5CD92A08EC6" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[348,465,1485,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D626EF5CD92A08EC6" box="[348,465,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was often confused with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D61E0F5CD939D8D26" authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1836" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cerophysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D61E0F5CD939D8D26" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Cerophysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The differences between the two genera were already published by 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D6251F60D91358D06" author="MOHAMEDSAID M. S." box="[355,580,1549,1572]" firstAuthor="MOHAMEDSAID" journalOrPublisher="Genus" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="113 - 119" part="4" refId="ref32521" refString="MOHAMEDSAID M. S. 1993: On the genus Cerophysa Chevrolat and Taumacera Thunberg from Peninsular Malaysia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Genus 4: 113 - 119." title="On the genus Cerophysa Chevrolat and Taumacera Thunberg from Peninsular Malaysia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1993">MOHAMEDSAID (1993)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D6146F60D91858D06" author="REID C. A. M." box="[628,756,1549,1572]" firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 9" part="38" refId="ref33192" refString="REID C. A. M. 1999: Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 38: 1 - 9." title="Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1999">REID (1999)</bibRefCitation>
. Here, I expound on the differencies as follows (
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D61B3F62D91868D66" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[641,759,1581,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D61B3F62D91868D66" box="[641,759,1581,1604]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
first): posterior margin of procoxal cavities closed (open in 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6387F66D92598DA6" authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1836" box="[181,296,1645,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cerophysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6387F66D92598DA6" box="[181,296,1645,1668]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Cerophysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); males with metasternal process (without process in 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D623AF68D920A8D86" authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1836" box="[264,379,1677,1700]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cerophysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D623AF68D920A8D86" box="[264,379,1677,1700]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Cerophysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); pronotum more flat, with well-developed and visible lateral and posterior borders (pronotum more convex, with very thin lateral and posterior borders; lateral borders often not visible from above); unmodified antennomeres longer, ca. 2.5–5.0 times as long as wide (shorter, 0.7–2.0 times as long as wide in 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6178F72D91CC8C66" authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1836" box="[586,701,1837,1860]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cerophysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6178F72D91CC8C66" box="[586,701,1837,1860]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Cerophysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); last visible ventrite with two deep narrow incisions on posterior margin (last visible ventrite with entire posterior margin in males of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6220F78D92F48C86" authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1836" box="[274,389,1933,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cerophysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6220F78D92F48C86" box="[274,389,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Cerophysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); aedeagus flatenned apically, with longitudinal ventral groove distinctly narrowed subapically and with split apex (aedeagus extremely narrow, with apex bent in 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6213F7ED92E58326" authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1836" box="[289,404,2029,2052]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cerophysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6213F7ED92E58326" box="[289,404,2029,2052]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Cerophysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Female genitalia of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D61B3F7ED91898326" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[641,760,2029,2052]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D61B3F7ED91898326" box="[641,760,2029,2052]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D63F6F80D92468306" authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1836" box="[196,311,2061,2084]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cerophysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D63F6F80D92468306" box="[196,311,2061,2084]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Cerophysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar but should be studied on more extensive material. It is necessary to note that 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6618F0BE96EC8BF7" authorityName="Chevrolat" authorityYear="1836" box="[1322,1437,190,213]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cerophysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6618F0BE96EC8BF7" box="[1322,1437,190,213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Cerophysa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
itself is also in need of revision as it is evidently comprised of several species-groups which should probably be classified in other genera (
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D6728F11E97DB8A17" author="BEZDEK J." box="[1050,1194,286,309]" firstAuthor="BEZDEK" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Blatter und Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="109 - 114" part="114" refId="ref30573" refString="BEZDEK J. 2018: Description of Cerophysa loebli n. sp. from eastern India, with comments on the generic concept of Cerophysa Chevrolat (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae). Entomologische Blatter und Coleoptera 114: 109 - 114." title="Description of Cerophysa loebli n. sp. from eastern India, with comments on the generic concept of Cerophysa Chevrolat (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="2018">BEZDĚK 2018</bibRefCitation>
). The abovementioned characters refer to the 
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE1015D671BF13E97268A77" box="[1065,1111,318,341]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
species 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6783F13E97618A57" authority="(Wiedemann, 1823)" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cerophysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodicornis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6783F13E96ED8A77" box="[1201,1436,318,341]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Cerophysa nodicornis</emphasis>
(Wiedemann, 1823)
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingRegion id="462391AAFFE1015D6763F15E97F18A57" box="[1105,1152,350,373]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Java</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D67BDF15E979A8A57" box="[1167,1259,350,373]" captionStart="Figs 1–9. 1–3" captionStartId="4.[151,188,2012,2031]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,494,1986]" captionTargetId="figure-13@4.[156,1433,493,2001]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 1–9. 1–3 – Male habitus. 1 – Taumacera deusta Thunberg, 1814 (Bali); 2 – Palpoxena laeta Baly, 1861 (Perak); 3 – Cerophysa nodicornis(Wiedemann,1823) (Java). 4–5 – Taumacera deusta details. 4 – male antenna; 5 – aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views. 6–7 – Palpoxena laeta details. 6 – male antenna; 7 – aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views. 8–9 – Cerophysa nodicornis details. 8 – male antenna; 9 – aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505522/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Figs 3, 8</figureCitation>
– 
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D67C9F15E967A8A57" box="[1275,1291,350,373]" captionStart="Figs 1–9. 1–3" captionStartId="4.[151,188,2012,2031]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,494,1986]" captionTargetId="figure-13@4.[156,1433,493,2001]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 1–9. 1–3 – Male habitus. 1 – Taumacera deusta Thunberg, 1814 (Bali); 2 – Palpoxena laeta Baly, 1861 (Perak); 3 – Cerophysa nodicornis(Wiedemann,1823) (Java). 4–5 – Taumacera deusta details. 4 – male antenna; 5 – aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views. 6–7 – Palpoxena laeta details. 6 – male antenna; 7 – aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views. 8–9 – Cerophysa nodicornis details. 8 – male antenna; 9 – aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505522/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">9</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D6622F15E96418A57" box="[1296,1328,350,373]" captionStart="Figs 10–18" captionStartId="5.[151,188,1185,1204]" captionTargetBox="[153,1430,197,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-365@5.[151,1436,192,1166]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 10–18. Female genitalia. 10–12 – Taumacera laevipennis (Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan). 10 – gonocoxae; 11 – spermatheca; 12 – sternite VIII. 13–15 – Palpoxena laeta Baly, 1861 (Perak). 13 – gonocoxae; 14 – spermatheca; 15 – sternite VIII. 16–18 – Cerophysa nodicornis (Wiedemann, 1823) (Java). 16 – gonocoxae; 17 – spermatheca; 18 – sternite VIII. Scale bars: 0.25 mm for Figs 11, 14 and 17; 0.5 mm for Figs 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505524/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">16</figureCitation>
– 
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D6673F15E962A8A57" box="[1345,1371,350,373]" captionStart="Figs 10–18" captionStartId="5.[151,188,1185,1204]" captionTargetBox="[153,1430,197,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-365@5.[151,1436,192,1166]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 10–18. Female genitalia. 10–12 – Taumacera laevipennis (Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan). 10 – gonocoxae; 11 – spermatheca; 12 – sternite VIII. 13–15 – Palpoxena laeta Baly, 1861 (Perak). 13 – gonocoxae; 14 – spermatheca; 15 – sternite VIII. 16–18 – Cerophysa nodicornis (Wiedemann, 1823) (Java). 16 – gonocoxae; 17 – spermatheca; 18 – sternite VIII. Scale bars: 0.25 mm for Figs 11, 14 and 17; 0.5 mm for Figs 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505524/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">18</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CCFD0CC3FFE1015B600EF18D97048EB7" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE1015D600EF18D97558866" blockId="3.[828,1437,397,2084]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D600EF18D96648A86" bold="true" box="[828,1301,397,420]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Clarifications of proposed synonymies.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6612F18D96ED8A86" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[1312,1436,397,420]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6612F18D96ED8A86" box="[1312,1436,397,420]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males display great variability in the shape of the antennae and head which are, however, nothing more than secondary characters of sexual dimorphism. As shown by 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D600EF20D90C28906" author="REID C. A. M." box="[828,947,525,548]" firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 9" part="38" refId="ref33192" refString="REID C. A. M. 1999: Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 38: 1 - 9." title="Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1999">REID (1999</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D608FF20D90858906" author="REID C. A. M." box="[957,1012,525,548]" firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="253 - 257" part="49" refId="ref33234" refString="REID C. A. M. 2001: A new species of the genus Taumacera Thunberg, deusta species-group (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) from Borneo. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 49: 253 - 257." title="A new species of the genus Taumacera Thunberg, deusta species-group (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) from Borneo" type="journal article" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
) there is no justification for maintaining genera based only on a single secondary sexual character. The examples of the variability in males are shown in 
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D600EF26D90C989A6" box="[828,952,621,644]" captionStart="Figs 19–30" captionStartId="8.[151,188,1983,2002]" captionTargetBox="[159,1431,196,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-13@8.[151,1437,192,1920]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 19–30. Male antenna of Taumacera. 19 – T. musaamani (Mohamedsaid, 2010) (Sabah); 20 – T. cervicornis (Baly, 1861) (Sri Lanka); 21 – T. lewisi (Jacoby, 1887) (Sri Lanka); 22 – T.laevipennis (Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan); 23 – T. subapicalis Mohamedsaid, 1993 (Pahang); 24 – T. insignis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang); 25 – T. indicola nom. nov. (Maharashtra); 26 – T. ventralis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang); 27 – T. indica (Jacoby, 1889) (Thailand); 28 – T. variceps (Laboissière, 1933) (Thailand); 29 – T. monstrosa (Jacoby, 1899) (Kelantan); 30 – T. sumatrana (Jacoby 1899) (Johor)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Figs 19–30</figureCitation>
for the antennae and in 
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D67FFF26D963889A6" box="[1229,1353,621,644]" captionStart="Figs 43–54" captionStartId="11.[151,188,1981,2000]" captionTargetBox="[236,1349,522,1969]" captionTargetId="figure-14@11.[236,1352,519,1973]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 43–54. Male head of Taumacera. 43 – T. musaamani (Mohamedsaid, 2010) (Sabah); 44 – T. cervicornis (Baly, 1861) (Sri Lanka); 45 – T. deusta Thunberg, 1814 (Bali); 46 – T. laevipennis (Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan); 47 – T. insignis (Baly 1864) (Pahang); 48 – T. facialis (Baly, 1886) (Sri Lanka); 49 – T. frontalis Mohamedsaid, 2001 (Perak); 50 – T. indicola nom. nov. (Maharashtra); 51 – T. nigricornis (Baly, 1864) (lateral view, syntype); 52 – T. rufomarginata (Jacoby, 1895) (Java); 53 – T. indica (Jacoby, 1889) (Thailand); 54 – T. variceps (Laboissière, 1933) (Thailand)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505530/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Figs 43–54</figureCitation>
for the head. 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D604FF28D908E8986" author="REID C. A. M." box="[893,1023,653,676]" firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 9" part="38" refId="ref33192" refString="REID C. A. M. 1999: Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 38: 1 - 9." title="Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1999">REID (1999)</bibRefCitation>
proposed the 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D67A9F28D978C8986" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[1179,1277,653,676]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deusta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D67A9F28D978C8986" box="[1179,1277,653,676]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">T. deusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group for species with an expanded antennomere III. Additional six species-groups are established in the present paper. However, some species are not classified within any species-group for various reasons (unknown males, unclear identity etc.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE1015D6068F34D97F48E06" blockId="3.[828,1437,397,2084]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D6068F34D90AA8846" author="REID C. A. M." box="[858,987,845,868]" firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 9" part="38" refId="ref33192" refString="REID C. A. M. 1999: Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 38: 1 - 9." title="Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1999">REID (1999)</bibRefCitation>
mistakenly classified 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D67FEF34D90C188A6" authority="Jacoby, 1889" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1889" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Dorydea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D67FEF34D96048846" box="[1228,1397,845,868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Dorydea indica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D664FF34D90C188A6" author="JACOBY M." firstAuthor="Jacoby" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="147 - 237" part="27" refId="ref31279" refString="JACOBY M. 1889: Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. - List of the phytophagous Coleoptera obtained by Signor L. Fea at Burmah and Tenasserim, with descriptions of the new species. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 27: 147 - 237." title="Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. - List of the phytophagous Coleoptera obtained by Signor L. Fea at Burmah and Tenasserim, with descriptions of the new species" type="journal article" year="1889">
Jacoby, 
<quantity id="431FF2ADFFE1015D6049F36D90C188A6" box="[891,944,877,900]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.79806" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" unit="in" value="1889.0">1889</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6772F36D97C388A6" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[1088,1202,877,900]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6772F36D97C388A6" box="[1088,1202,877,900]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Because 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6612F36D97358886" authority="Laboissiere, 1933" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1933" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paraenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurea">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6612F36D90F58886" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Paraenidea azurea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D60BAF38D97358886" author="LABOISSIERE V." box="[904,1092,909,932]" firstAuthor="Laboissiere" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="51 - 72" part="102" refId="ref31981" refString="LABOISSIERE V. 1933: Observations sur les Galerucini asiatiques principalement du Tonkin et du Yunnan et descriptions de nouveaux genres et especes (4 e partie). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 102: 51 - 72." title="Observations sur les Galerucini asiatiques principalement du Tonkin et du Yunnan et descriptions de nouveaux genres et especes (4 e partie)" type="journal article" year="1933">Laboissière, 1933</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(the 
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE1015D6745F38D97D48886" box="[1143,1189,909,932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
species of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6625F38D96E28886" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1933" box="[1303,1427,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paraenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6625F38D96E28886" box="[1303,1427,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Paraenidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) was considered as a synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6782F3AD90F288C6" authority=", REID (1999)" authorityName=", REID" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Dorydea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6782F3AD962A88E6" box="[1200,1371,941,964]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Dorydea indica</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D6659F3AD90F288C6" author="REID C. A. M." firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 9" part="38" refId="ref33192" refString="REID C. A. M. 1999: Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 38: 1 - 9." title="Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1999">REID (1999)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
subsequently proposed 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D67BBF3CD967488C6" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1933" box="[1161,1285,973,996]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paraenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D67BBF3CD967488C6" box="[1161,1285,973,996]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Paraenidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D60A2F3ED97738F26" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[912,1026,1005,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D60A2F3ED97738F26" box="[912,1026,1005,1028]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Recently, 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D674EF3ED90F38F06" author="MOHAMEDSAID M. S. &amp; CONSTANT J." firstAuthor="MOHAMEDSAID" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Entomologie" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="163 - 177" part="77" refId="ref33039" refString="MOHAMEDSAID M. S. &amp; CONSTANT J. 2007: Chrysomelid beetles of the subfamily Galerucinae from Thailand and Cambodia in the collections of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Entomologie 77: 163 - 177" title="Chrysomelid beetles of the subfamily Galerucinae from Thailand and Cambodia in the collections of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)" type="journal article" year="2007">MOHAMEDSAID &amp; CONSTANT (2007)</bibRefCitation>
transferred 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6736F40D97DA8F06" authorityName=", REID" authorityYear="1999" box="[1028,1195,1037,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Dorydea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6736F40D97DA8F06" box="[1028,1195,1037,1060]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Dorydea indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D67FCF40D96348F06" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[1230,1349,1037,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D67FCF40D96348F06" box="[1230,1349,1037,1060]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the generic synonymy was not solved in their paper. I studied the 
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE1015D6056F44D90E38F46" box="[868,914,1101,1124]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
specimens 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6722F44D97C88F46" authorityName=", REID" authorityYear="1999" box="[1040,1209,1101,1124]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Dorydea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6722F44D97C88F46" box="[1040,1209,1101,1124]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Dorydea indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as well as additional nontype specimens and the males have a well developed metasternal process (
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D6725F48D97128F86" box="[1047,1123,1165,1188]" captionStart="Figs 31–42" captionStartId="9.[151,188,1101,1120]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,189,1077]" captionTargetId="figure-535@9.[151,1437,188,1084]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 31–42. Male metasternal process of Taumacera. 31 – T. cervicornis (Baly, 1861) (Sri Lanka); 32 – T. deusta Thunberg, 1814 (Bali); 33 – T. frontalis Mohamedsaid, 2001 (Perak); 34 – T. indica (Jacoby, 1889) (Thailand); 35 – T. indicola nom. nov. (Maharashtra); 36 – T. insignis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang); 37 – T. kinabaluensis (Mohamedsaid, 1995) (Sabah); 38 – T. musaamani (Mohamedsaid, 2010) (Sabah); 39 – T. rufomarginata (Jacoby, 1895) (Java); 40 – T. subapicalis Mohamedsaid, 1993 (Pahang); 41 – T. variceps (Laboissière, 1933) (Thailand); 42 – T. ventralis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505528/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
), therefore, I concur with 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D665CF48D97F58FE6" author="MOHAMEDSAID M. S. &amp; CONSTANT J." firstAuthor="MOHAMEDSAID" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Entomologie" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="163 - 177" part="77" refId="ref33039" refString="MOHAMEDSAID M. S. &amp; CONSTANT J. 2007: Chrysomelid beetles of the subfamily Galerucinae from Thailand and Cambodia in the collections of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Entomologie 77: 163 - 177" title="Chrysomelid beetles of the subfamily Galerucinae from Thailand and Cambodia in the collections of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)" type="journal article" year="2007">MOHAMEDSAID &amp; CONSTANT (2007)</bibRefCitation>
that 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6788F4AD96138FE6" authorityName=", REID" authorityYear="1999" box="[1210,1378,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Dorydea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6788F4AD96138FE6" box="[1210,1378,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Dorydea indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
must be classified in 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D60D1F4CD972B8FC6" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[995,1114,1229,1252]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D60D1F4CD972B8FC6" box="[995,1114,1229,1252]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Consequently, 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6635F4CD96F28FC6" authorityName="Laboissiere" authorityYear="1933" box="[1287,1411,1229,1252]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paraenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6635F4CD96F28FC6" box="[1287,1411,1229,1252]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Paraenidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is removed from synonymy with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D67A1F4ED96748E26" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[1171,1285,1261,1284]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D67A1F4ED96748E26" box="[1171,1285,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is newly synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6735F50D970F8E06" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[1031,1150,1293,1316]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6735F50D970F8E06" box="[1031,1150,1293,1316]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE1015D6068F52D965D8DE6" blockId="3.[828,1437,397,2084]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D6068F52D97218E66" author="MOHAMEDSAID M. S." box="[858,1104,1325,1348]" firstAuthor="MOHAMEDSAID" journalOrPublisher="Serangga" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="131 - 135" part="2" refId="ref32693" refString="MOHAMEDSAID M. S. 1997 b: Kinabalua, a new genus of chrysomelid beetle from Sabah, Malaysia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Serangga 2: 131 - 135." title="Kinabalua, a new genus of chrysomelid beetle from Sabah, Malaysia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1997" yearSuffix="b">MOHAMEDSAID (1997b)</bibRefCitation>
described the new genus and species 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D60A1F54D962F8E46" authority="Mohamedsaid, 1997" authorityName="Mohamedsaid" authorityYear="1997" box="[915,1374,1357,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Kinabalua" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antennata">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D60A1F54D97098E46" box="[915,1144,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Kinabalua antennata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D67B0F54D962F8E46" author="MOHAMEDSAID M. S." box="[1154,1374,1357,1380]" firstAuthor="Mohamedsaid" journalOrPublisher="Serangga" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="53 - 64" part="2" refId="ref32662" refString="MOHAMEDSAID M. S. 1997 a: The Malaysian species of the genus Palpoxena Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Serangga 2: 53 - 64." title="The Malaysian species of the genus Palpoxena Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1997">Mohamedsaid, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingRegion id="462391AAFFE1015D600EF56D90F08EA6" box="[828,897,1389,1412]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Sabah</collectingRegion>
. The second species, 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6756F56D978F8EA6" authorityName="Bezděk" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Mohamedsaid" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[1124,1278,1389,1412]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="musaamani">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6756F56D978F8EA6" box="[1124,1278,1389,1412]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">K. musaamani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, was added by 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D600EF58D975B8E86" author="MOHAMEDSAID M. S." box="[828,1066,1421,1444]" firstAuthor="MOHAMEDSAID" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="59 - 64" part="7" refId="ref32967" refString="MOHAMEDSAID M. S. 2010 a: Three interesting new species of leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) in BORNEENSIS collection at ITBC, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation 7: 59 - 64." title="Three interesting new species of leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) in BORNEENSIS collection at ITBC, Universiti Malaysia Sabah" type="journal article" year="2010" yearSuffix="a">MOHAMEDSAID (2010a)</bibRefCitation>
. 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6703F58D97D18E86" authorityName="Mohamedsaid" authorityYear="1997" box="[1073,1184,1421,1444]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Kinabalua" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6703F58D97D18E86" box="[1073,1184,1421,1444]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Kinabalua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6614F58D96ED8E86" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[1318,1436,1421,1444]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6614F58D96ED8E86" box="[1318,1436,1421,1444]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only in the structure of the antennae with dilated antennomeres VII and VIII, and a large sharp spine on antennomere VIII directed backwards (
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D677EF5ED97EB8D26" box="[1100,1178,1517,1540]" captionStart="Figs 19–30" captionStartId="8.[151,188,1983,2002]" captionTargetBox="[159,1431,196,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-13@8.[151,1437,192,1920]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 19–30. Male antenna of Taumacera. 19 – T. musaamani (Mohamedsaid, 2010) (Sabah); 20 – T. cervicornis (Baly, 1861) (Sri Lanka); 21 – T. lewisi (Jacoby, 1887) (Sri Lanka); 22 – T.laevipennis (Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan); 23 – T. subapicalis Mohamedsaid, 1993 (Pahang); 24 – T. insignis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang); 25 – T. indicola nom. nov. (Maharashtra); 26 – T. ventralis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang); 27 – T. indica (Jacoby, 1889) (Thailand); 28 – T. variceps (Laboissière, 1933) (Thailand); 29 – T. monstrosa (Jacoby, 1899) (Kelantan); 30 – T. sumatrana (Jacoby 1899) (Johor)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
, see also photographs in 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D600EF60D976D8D06" author="MOHAMEDSAID M. S." box="[828,1052,1549,1572]" firstAuthor="MOHAMEDSAID" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="59 - 64" part="7" refId="ref32967" refString="MOHAMEDSAID M. S. 2010 a: Three interesting new species of leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) in BORNEENSIS collection at ITBC, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation 7: 59 - 64." title="Three interesting new species of leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) in BORNEENSIS collection at ITBC, Universiti Malaysia Sabah" type="journal article" year="2010" yearSuffix="a">MOHAMEDSAID 2010a</bibRefCitation>
). This character is treated as a sound modification device (
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D6728F62D978C8D66" author="MOHAMEDSAID M. S." box="[1050,1277,1581,1604]" firstAuthor="MOHAMEDSAID" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="259 - 262" part="120" refId="ref33011" refString="MOHAMEDSAID M. S. 2010 b: The Galerucinae with sound production devices (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Entomologische Zeitschrift 120: 259 - 262." title="The Galerucinae with sound production devices (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)" type="journal article" year="2010" yearSuffix="b">MOHAMEDSAID 2010b</bibRefCitation>
). All other characters are shared with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6702F64D97D68D46" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[1072,1191,1613,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6702F64D97D68D46" box="[1072,1191,1613,1636]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
including the presence of metasternal process. As the structure of male antennae is a secondary sexual character, I here propose 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D661EF68D96EC8D86" authorityName="Mohamedsaid" authorityYear="1997" box="[1324,1437,1677,1700]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Kinabalua" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D661EF68D96EC8D86" box="[1324,1437,1677,1700]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Kinabalua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be treated as a new synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D679CF6AD96548DE6" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[1198,1317,1709,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D679CF6AD96548DE6" box="[1198,1317,1709,1732]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE1015D6068F6CD974E8306" blockId="3.[828,1437,397,2084]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
The genus 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D60EBF6CD97BF8DC6" authority="Baly, 1861" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[985,1230,1741,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xenarthra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D60EBF6CD97388DC6" box="[985,1097,1741,1764]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Xenarthra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D6766F6CD97BF8DC6" author="BALY J. S." box="[1108,1230,1741,1764]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomology" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="275 - 302" part="1" refId="ref30252" refString="BALY J. S. 1861: Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga. Journal of Entomology 1: 275 - 302." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga" type="journal article" year="1861">Baly, 1861</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was proposed for 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D600EF6ED97C58C26" authority="Baly, 1861" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[828,1204,1773,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xenarthra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cervicornis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D600EF6ED97408C26" box="[828,1073,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Xenarthra cervicornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D6709F6ED97C58C26" author="BALY J. S." box="[1083,1204,1773,1796]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomology" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="275 - 302" part="1" refId="ref30252" refString="BALY J. S. 1861: Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga. Journal of Entomology 1: 275 - 302." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga" type="journal article" year="1861">Baly, 1861</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="FCF01FD8FFE1015D67CCF6ED961E8C26" box="[1278,1391,1773,1796]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
. An additional three species, also from 
<collectingCountry id="FCF01FD8FFE1015D679FF70D96698C06" box="[1197,1304,1805,1828]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
, were added by 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE1015D606DF72D97788C66" author="JACOBY M." box="[863,1033,1837,1860]" firstAuthor="JACOBY" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" pagination="65 - 119" part="1887" refId="ref31203" refString="JACOBY M. 1887 a: Descriptions of the phytophagousColeoptera of Ceylon, obtained by Mr. George Lewis during the years 1881 - 1882. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1887: 65 - 119 + pls. X-XI." title="Descriptions of the phytophagousColeoptera of Ceylon, obtained by Mr. George Lewis during the years 1881 - 1882" type="journal article" year="1887" yearSuffix="a">JACOBY (1887a)</bibRefCitation>
. Males of all species from 
<collectingCountry id="FCF01FD8FFE1015D6600F72D96EC8C66" box="[1330,1437,1837,1860]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
have long lateral branches on male antennomeres III–X or on a part of these antennomeres (
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D67FAF76D96378CA6" box="[1224,1350,1901,1924]" captionStart="Figs 19–30" captionStartId="8.[151,188,1983,2002]" captionTargetBox="[159,1431,196,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-13@8.[151,1437,192,1920]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 19–30. Male antenna of Taumacera. 19 – T. musaamani (Mohamedsaid, 2010) (Sabah); 20 – T. cervicornis (Baly, 1861) (Sri Lanka); 21 – T. lewisi (Jacoby, 1887) (Sri Lanka); 22 – T.laevipennis (Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan); 23 – T. subapicalis Mohamedsaid, 1993 (Pahang); 24 – T. insignis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang); 25 – T. indicola nom. nov. (Maharashtra); 26 – T. ventralis (Baly, 1864) (Pahang); 27 – T. indica (Jacoby, 1889) (Thailand); 28 – T. variceps (Laboissière, 1933) (Thailand); 29 – T. monstrosa (Jacoby, 1899) (Kelantan); 30 – T. sumatrana (Jacoby 1899) (Johor)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505526/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Figs 20–21</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE1015D6661F76D90F28C86" captionStart="Figs 64–73" captionStartId="17.[151,188,1932,1951]" captionTargetBox="[156,1440,193,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-14@17.[155,1441,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figs 64–73. Habitus of Taumacera. 64– T. musaamani (Mohamedsaid, 2010) (male); 65 – T. cervicornis (Baly, 1861) (male); 66 – T. lewisi (Jacoby, 1887) (male); 67 – T. lewisi(female, holotype of Aenidea hirtipennis Jacoby, 1887); 68 – T. mirabilis (Jacoby, 1887) (male, holotype); 69 – T. unicolor (Jacoby, 1887) (male, holotype); 72 – T. costatipennis (Jacoby, 1896) (male, syntype); 71 – T. deusta Thunberg, 1814 (male, holotype); 72 – T. deusta (male, holotype of Nacrea apicipennis Baly, 1886); 73 – T. fulvicollis (Jacoby, 1881) (female, syntype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505534/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">65–66, 68–69</figureCitation>
). The 
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE1015D60F1F78D90808C86" box="[963,1009,1933,1956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
specimens of all four 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D67E9F78D96388C86" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[1243,1353,1933,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xenarthra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D67E9F78D96388C86" box="[1243,1353,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Xenarthra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species were examined and the males have a metasternal process. As the structure of male antennae is a secondary sexual character, I here propose 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D6760F7ED97B18326" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[1106,1216,2029,2052]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Xenarthra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D6760F7ED97B18326" box="[1106,1216,2029,2052]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Xenarthra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
be treated as a new synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE1015D60F3F80D97498306" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[961,1080,2061,2084]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE1015D60F3F80D97498306" box="[961,1080,2061,2084]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE6015A6387F0BE96ED8AB7" blockId="4.[151,760,190,469]" lastBlockId="4.[828,1436,190,469]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
The genus 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A6217F0BE928F8BF7" authority="Baly, 1879" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1879" box="[293,510,190,213]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Acroxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A6217F0BE92F88BF7" box="[293,393,190,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Acroxena</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE6015A62BFF0BE928F8BF7" author="BALY J. S." box="[397,510,190,213]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" pagination="108 - 120" part="4" refId="ref30309" refString="BALY J. S. 1879 a: Descriptions of new genera and species of Gallerucinae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 5 th Series 4: 108 - 120." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of Gallerucinae" type="journal article" year="1879">Baly, 1879</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A61B0F0BE91868BF7" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[642,759,190,213]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A61B0F0BE91868BF7" box="[642,759,190,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only in the strongly modified head of males (
<figureCitation id="1CDC43CDFFE6015A6142F0DE919D8BD7" box="[624,748,222,245]" captionStart="Figs 43–54" captionStartId="11.[151,188,1981,2000]" captionTargetBox="[236,1349,522,1969]" captionTargetId="figure-14@11.[236,1352,519,1973]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs 43–54. Male head of Taumacera. 43 – T. musaamani (Mohamedsaid, 2010) (Sabah); 44 – T. cervicornis (Baly, 1861) (Sri Lanka); 45 – T. deusta Thunberg, 1814 (Bali); 46 – T. laevipennis (Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan); 47 – T. insignis (Baly 1864) (Pahang); 48 – T. facialis (Baly, 1886) (Sri Lanka); 49 – T. frontalis Mohamedsaid, 2001 (Perak); 50 – T. indicola nom. nov. (Maharashtra); 51 – T. nigricornis (Baly, 1864) (lateral view, syntype); 52 – T. rufomarginata (Jacoby, 1895) (Java); 53 – T. indica (Jacoby, 1889) (Thailand); 54 – T. variceps (Laboissière, 1933) (Thailand)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505530/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Figs 48–50</figureCitation>
), which is also a secondary sexual character. All other important characters (the presence of a metasternal process, the structure of the antennae, pronotum and aedeagus, and metatibiae without an apical spine) are shared with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A63A5F17E927D8AB7" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[151,268,382,405]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A63A5F17E927D8AB7" box="[151,268,382,405]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The genus 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A62B4F17E91FA8AB7" authority="Jacoby, 1887" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1887" box="[390,651,382,405]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neochrolea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A62B4F17E928E8AB7" box="[390,511,382,405]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Neochrolea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE6015A6136F17E91FA8AB7" author="JACOBY M." box="[516,651,382,405]" firstAuthor="Jacoby" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" pagination="65 - 119" part="1887" refId="ref31203" refString="JACOBY M. 1887 a: Descriptions of the phytophagousColeoptera of Ceylon, obtained by Mr. George Lewis during the years 1881 - 1882. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1887: 65 - 119 + pls. X-XI." title="Descriptions of the phytophagousColeoptera of Ceylon, obtained by Mr. George Lewis during the years 1881 - 1882" type="journal article" year="1887">Jacoby, 1887</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was never formally synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A62F0F19E91568A97" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1879" box="[450,551,414,437]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Acroxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A62F0F19E91568A97" box="[450,551,414,437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Acroxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the only species 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A63D9F1BE91178AF7" authority="Jacoby, 1887" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1887" box="[235,614,446,469]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neochrolea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cavifrons">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A63D9F1BE92A18AF7" box="[235,464,446,469]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Neochrolea cavifrons</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE6015A62EAF1BE91178AF7" author="JACOBY M." box="[472,614,446,469]" firstAuthor="Jacoby" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" pagination="65 - 119" part="1887" refId="ref31203" refString="JACOBY M. 1887 a: Descriptions of the phytophagousColeoptera of Ceylon, obtained by Mr. George Lewis during the years 1881 - 1882. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1887: 65 - 119 + pls. X-XI." title="Descriptions of the phytophagousColeoptera of Ceylon, obtained by Mr. George Lewis during the years 1881 - 1882" type="journal article" year="1887">Jacoby, 1887</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, was synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A608EF0BE97968BF7" authority="Baly, 1886" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1886" box="[956,1255,190,213]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Aenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="facialis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A608EF0BE971A8BF7" box="[956,1131,190,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Aenidea facialis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE6015A6740F0BE97968BF7" author="BALY J. S." box="[1138,1255,190,213]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Entomological Society of London" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" pagination="27 - 39" part="1886" refId="ref30387" refString="BALY J. S. 1886 a: Descriptions of new genera and species of Galerucidae. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1886: 27 - 39." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of Galerucidae" type="journal article" year="1886">Baly, 1886</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(now 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A661CF0BE96E28BF7" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1879" box="[1326,1427,190,213]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Acroxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A661CF0BE96E28BF7" box="[1326,1427,190,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Acroxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) by 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE6015A606EF0DE908A8BD7" author="BRYANT G. E." box="[860,1019,222,245]" firstAuthor="BRYANT" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" pagination="130 - 147" part="12" refId="ref30617" refString="BRYANT G. E. 1923: Notes on synonymy in the Phytophaga (Coleoptera). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9 th Series 12: 130 - 147." title="Notes on synonymy in the Phytophaga (Coleoptera)" type="journal article" year="1923">BRYANT (1923)</bibRefCitation>
. Later on, 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE6015A6758F0DE96798BD7" author="MAULIK S." bookContentInfo="xiv + 648 pp. + 1 pl." box="[1130,1288,222,245]" editor="SEWELL R. B. S." firstAuthor="MAULIK" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" refId="ref32093" refString="MAULIK S. 1936: Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae (Galerucinae). In: SEWELL R. B. S. (ed.): The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor and Francis, London, xiv + 648 pp. + 1 pl." title="Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae (Galerucinae)" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma" year="1936">MAULIK (1936)</bibRefCitation>
synonymized 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A600EF0FE90C78A37" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1887" box="[828,950,254,277]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neochrolea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A600EF0FE90C78A37" box="[828,950,254,277]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Neochrolea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A60DDF0FE97118A37" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[1007,1120,254,277]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A60DDF0FE97118A37" box="[1007,1120,254,277]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which, with some doubts, was also followed by 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE6015A60C5F11E96688A17" author="GRESSITT J. L. &amp; KIMOTO S." box="[1015,1305,286,309]" firstAuthor="GRESSITT" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects Monograph" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 1026" part="1" refId="ref30906" refString="GRESSITT J. L. &amp; KIMOTO S. 1963: The Chrysomelidae (Coleopt.) of China and Korea. Part 2. Pacific Insects Monograph 1 B: 1 - 1026." title="The Chrysomelidae (Coleopt.) of China and Korea. Part 2" type="journal article" year="1963">GRESSITT &amp; KIMOTO (1963)</bibRefCitation>
. I examined all relevant 
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE6015A6085F13E90948A77" box="[951,997,318,341]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">type</typeStatus>
material and in sum I remove 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A6613F13E96ED8A77" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1887" box="[1313,1436,318,341]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neochrolea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A6613F13E96ED8A77" box="[1313,1436,318,341]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Neochrolea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the synonymy with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A676EF15E97A18A57" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[1116,1232,350,373]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A676EF15E97A18A57" box="[1116,1232,350,373]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and propose both 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A600EF17E90D18AB7" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1879" box="[828,928,382,405]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Acroxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A600EF17E90D18AB7" box="[828,928,382,405]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Acroxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A60FCF17E97368AB7" authorityName="Jacoby" authorityYear="1887" box="[974,1095,382,405]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Neochrolea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A60FCF17E97368AB7" box="[974,1095,382,405]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Neochrolea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as new synonyms of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A6613F17E96E78AB7" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[1313,1430,382,405]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A6613F17E96E78AB7" box="[1313,1430,382,405]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE6015B6068F19E925A8D77" blockId="4.[828,1436,190,469]" lastBlockId="5.[151,760,1342,2069]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
The genus 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A60EEF19E96558A97" authority="Mohamedsaid, 1996" authorityName="Mohamedsaid" authorityYear="1996" box="[988,1316,414,437]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Azlania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A60EEF19E97408A97" box="[988,1073,414,437]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Azlania</emphasis>
Mohamedsaid, 1996
</taxonomicName>
has a flat metasternal lobe but is not treated in this study. 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A6679F1BE96ED8AF7" authorityName="Mohamedsaid" authorityYear="1996" box="[1355,1436,446,469]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Azlania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A6679F1BE96ED8AF7" box="[1355,1436,446,469]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Azlania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprises four species from 
<collectingCountry id="FCF01FD8FFE7015B62F5F53E91588E77" box="[455,553,1342,1365]" name="Malaysia" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="FCF01FD8FFE7015B6169F53E91B28E77" box="[603,707,1342,1365]" name="Indonesia" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B63A5F55E92958E57" authority="(Jacoby, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Jacoby" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[151,484,1374,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Azlania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costatipennis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B63A5F55E92308E57" box="[151,321,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">A. costatipennis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE7015B627CF55E92AD8E57" author="JACOBY M." box="[334,476,1374,1397]" firstAuthor="Jacoby" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" pagination="377 - 501" part="36" refId="ref31521" refString="JACOBY M. 1896 a: Descriptions of the new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera obtained by Dr. Modigliani in Sumatra. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 36: 377 - 501." title="Descriptions of the new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera obtained by Dr. Modigliani in Sumatra" type="journal article" year="1896">Jacoby, 1896</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
as the 
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE7015B611FF55E912A8E57" box="[557,603,1374,1397]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
species. I examined the 
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE7015B623DF57E924C8EB7" box="[271,317,1406,1429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B62D3F57E91FE8EB7" baseAuthorityName="Jacoby" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[481,655,1406,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Azlania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costatipennis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B62D3F57E91FE8EB7" box="[481,655,1406,1429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">A. costatipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and they have a single apical spine on simple metatibiae, which separates 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B6231F5BE92258EF7" authorityName="Mohamedsaid" authorityYear="1996" box="[259,340,1470,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Azlania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B6231F5BE92258EF7" box="[259,340,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Azlania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B62A9F5BE91638EF7" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[411,530,1470,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B62A9F5BE91638EF7" box="[411,530,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B617EF5BE91CF8EF7" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[588,702,1470,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B617EF5BE91CF8EF7" box="[588,702,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Palpoxena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The lack of additional material does not allow me to resolve the relation of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B621FF5FE920F8D37" authorityName="Mohamedsaid" authorityYear="1996" box="[301,382,1534,1557]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Azlania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B621FF5FE920F8D37" box="[301,382,1534,1557]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Azlania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B62AFF5FE91628D37" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[413,531,1534,1557]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B62AFF5FE91628D37" box="[413,531,1534,1557]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. I can neither exclude future synonymy of both genera nor provide confirmation of its validity.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D0980FC0FFE6015A63A5F7DC96EF8306" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505522" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4505522" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505522/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" startId="4.[151,188,2012,2031]" targetBox="[158,1430,494,1986]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE6015A63A5F7DC96EF8306" blockId="4.[151,1438,2012,2084]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
Figs 1–9. 1–3 – Male habitus. 1 – 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A628FF7DC90508CCD" authority="Thunberg, 1814" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[445,801,2012,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deusta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A628FF7DC912B8CCD" box="[445,602,2012,2031]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Taumacera deusta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE6015A616DF7DC91968CCD" author="THUNBERG C. P." box="[607,743,2012,2031]" firstAuthor="Thunberg" journalOrPublisher="Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar (Stockholm)" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" pagination="46 - 50" part="1814" refId="ref33487" refString="THUNBERG C. P. 1814: Beskrifning pa tvanne nya insect-slagten, Gnatocerus och Taumacera fran Goda-Hopps Udden. Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar (Stockholm) 1814: 46 - 50 + pl. IVa." title="Beskrifning pa tvanne nya insect-slagten, Gnatocerus och Taumacera fran Goda-Hopps Udden" type="journal article" year="1814">Thunberg, 1814</bibRefCitation>
(Bali)
</taxonomicName>
; 2 – 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A6079F7DC97F18CCD" authority="Baly, 1861" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[843,1152,2012,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A6079F7DC90A68CCD" box="[843,983,2012,2031]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Palpoxena laeta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE6015A60EEF7DC97488CCD" author="BALY J. S." box="[988,1081,2012,2031]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomology" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" pagination="275 - 302" part="1" refId="ref30252" refString="BALY J. S. 1861: Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga. Journal of Entomology 1: 275 - 302." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga" type="journal article" year="1861">Baly, 1861</bibRefCitation>
(Perak)
</taxonomicName>
; 3 – 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A679BF7DC9225832B" authority="(Wiedemann,1823) (Java)" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cerophysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodicornis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A679BF7DC961A8CCD" box="[1193,1387,2012,2031]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Cerophysa nodicornis</emphasis>
(Wiedemann,1823) (Java)
</taxonomicName>
. 4–5 – 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A62A1F7F6915E832B" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[403,559,2038,2057]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deusta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A62A1F7F6915E832B" box="[403,559,2038,2057]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Taumacera deusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
details. 4 – male antenna; 5 – aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views. 6–7 – 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A679FF7F69648832B" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[1197,1337,2038,2057]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A679FF7F69648832B" box="[1197,1337,2038,2057]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Palpoxena laeta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
details. 6 – male antenna; 7 – aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views. 8–9 – 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE6015A6197F81190108306" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[677,865,2065,2084]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cerophysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodicornis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE6015A6197F81190108306" box="[677,865,2065,2084]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Cerophysa nodicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
details. 8 – male antenna; 9 – aedeagus in dorsal and lateral views.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D0980FC0FFE7015B63A5F4A1965C8FCB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4505524" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4505524" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4505524/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" startId="5.[151,188,1185,1204]" targetBox="[153,1430,197,1154]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE7015B63A5F4A1965C8FCB" blockId="5.[151,1437,1185,1257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
Figs 10–18. Female genitalia. 10–12 – 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B62D6F4A190FE8F96" authority="(Jacoby, 1886) (Kelantan)" baseAuthorityName="Jacoby" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[484,911,1185,1204]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevipennis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B62D6F4A191D88F96" box="[484,681,1185,1204]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Taumacera laevipennis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE7015B6187F4A190578F96" author="JACOBY M." box="[693,806,1185,1204]" firstAuthor="Jacoby" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" pagination="41 - 121" part="24" refId="ref31157" refString="JACOBY M. 1886: Descriptions of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera from the Indo-Malayan and Austro-Malayan subregions, contained in the Genoa Civic Museum. Third part. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 24: 41 - 121." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of phytophagous Coleoptera from the Indo-Malayan and Austro-Malayan subregions, contained in the Genoa Civic Museum. Third part" type="journal article" year="1886">Jacoby, 1886</bibRefCitation>
) (Kelantan)
</taxonomicName>
. 10 – gonocoxae; 11 – spermatheca; 12 – sternite VIII. 13–15 – 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B6395F4BB92A98FEC" authority="Baly, 1861" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1861" box="[167,472,1211,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Palpoxena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B6395F4BB92438FEC" box="[167,306,1211,1230]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Palpoxena laeta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE7015B6204F4BB92E38FEC" author="BALY J. S." box="[310,402,1211,1230]" firstAuthor="Baly" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Entomology" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" pagination="275 - 302" part="1" refId="ref30252" refString="BALY J. S. 1861: Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga. Journal of Entomology 1: 275 - 302." title="Descriptions of new genera and species of Phytophaga" type="journal article" year="1861">Baly, 1861</bibRefCitation>
(Perak)
</taxonomicName>
. 13 – gonocoxae; 14 – spermatheca; 15 – sternite VIII. 16–18 – 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B60C6F4BB96E88FEC" authority="(Wiedemann, 1823) (Java)" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[1012,1433,1211,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cerophysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nodicornis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B60C6F4BB97C18FEC" box="[1012,1200,1211,1230]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Cerophysa nodicornis</emphasis>
(Wiedemann, 1823) (Java)
</taxonomicName>
. 16 – gonocoxae; 17 – spermatheca; 18 – sternite VIII. Scale bars: 0.25 mm for Figs 11, 14 and 17; 0.5 mm for Figs 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE7015B6387F65E97048EB7" blockId="5.[151,760,1342,2069]" lastBlockId="5.[828,1437,1342,1429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE7015B6387F65E92448D57" author="REID C. A. M." box="[181,309,1630,1653]" firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 9" part="38" refId="ref33192" refString="REID C. A. M. 1999: Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 38: 1 - 9." title="Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1999">REID (1999)</bibRefCitation>
also speculated that 
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B6126F65E91E98D57" box="[532,664,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Lasioxantha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE7015B61ADF65E93BD8DB7" author="KIMOTO S." firstAuthor="Kimoto" journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 241" part="27" refId="ref31672" refString="KIMOTO S. 1989: Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. IV. Galerucinae. Esakia 27: 1 - 241." title="Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. IV. Galerucinae" type="journal article" year="1989">Kimoto, 1989</bibRefCitation>
and 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B6236F67E91FF8DB7" authority="Gressitt &amp; Kimoto, 1963" authorityName="Gressitt &amp; Kimoto" authorityYear="1963" box="[260,654,1662,1685]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Epaenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B6236F67E92078DB7" box="[260,374,1662,1685]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Epaenidea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE7015B624DF67E91FF8DB7" author="GRESSITT J. L. &amp; KIMOTO S." box="[383,654,1662,1685]" firstAuthor="Gressitt" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects Monograph" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 1026" part="1" refId="ref30906" refString="GRESSITT J. L. &amp; KIMOTO S. 1963: The Chrysomelidae (Coleopt.) of China and Korea. Part 2. Pacific Insects Monograph 1 B: 1 - 1026." title="The Chrysomelidae (Coleopt.) of China and Korea. Part 2" type="journal article" year="1963">Gressitt &amp; Kimoto, 1963</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
might be junior synonyms of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B624BF69E92808D97" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[377,497,1694,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B624BF69E92808D97" box="[377,497,1694,1717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but due to insufficient descriptions he did not synonymize them formally. I examined 
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE7015B63D3F6DE92368DD7" box="[225,327,1758,1781]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of 
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B6259F6DE929E8DD7" box="[363,495,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Lasioxantha</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B62C4F6DE91B68DD7" authority="Kimoto, 1989" authorityName="Kimoto" authorityYear="1989" box="[502,711,1758,1781]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulva">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B62C4F6DE915A8DD7" box="[502,555,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">fulva</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE7015B6101F6DE91B68DD7" author="KIMOTO S." box="[563,711,1758,1781]" firstAuthor="Kimoto" journalOrPublisher="Esakia" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 241" part="27" refId="ref31672" refString="KIMOTO S. 1989: Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. IV. Galerucinae. Esakia 27: 1 - 241." title="Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) of Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. IV. Galerucinae" type="journal article" year="1989">Kimoto, 1989</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(the type species of 
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B620DF6FE92B28C37" box="[319,451,1790,1813]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Lasioxantha</emphasis>
). The males do not have the metasternal process and the structure of aedeagus is also very different from that of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B62F3F73E91498C77" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[449,568,1854,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B62F3F73E91498C77" box="[449,568,1854,1877]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Therefore, I can confirm 
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B63C1F75E92068C57" box="[243,375,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Lasioxantha</emphasis>
as a distinct genus. The validity of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B63A5F77E92768CB7" authorityName="Gressitt &amp; Kimoto" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,263,1918,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Epaenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B63A5F77E92768CB7" box="[151,263,1918,1941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Epaenidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
needs further study as I only had the opportunity to study female 
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE7015B620FF79E92D28C97" box="[317,419,1950,1973]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B62F6F79E923B8CF7" authority="Gressitt &amp; Kimoto, 1963" authorityName="Gressitt &amp; Kimoto" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Epaenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subvirida">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B62F6F79E91D18C97" box="[452,672,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Epaenidea subvirida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE7015B6197F79E923B8CF7" author="GRESSITT J. L. &amp; KIMOTO S." firstAuthor="Gressitt" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Insects Monograph" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 1026" part="1" refId="ref30906" refString="GRESSITT J. L. &amp; KIMOTO S. 1963: The Chrysomelidae (Coleopt.) of China and Korea. Part 2. Pacific Insects Monograph 1 B: 1 - 1026." title="The Chrysomelidae (Coleopt.) of China and Korea. Part 2" type="journal article" year="1963">Gressitt &amp; Kimoto, 1963</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(the type species of 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B611CF7BE91D18CF7" authorityName="Gressitt &amp; Kimoto" authorityYear="1963" box="[558,672,1982,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Epaenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B611CF7BE91D18CF7" box="[558,672,1982,2005]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Epaenidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B618AF7BE914A8CD7" authority="Kimoto &amp; Gressitt, 1966" authorityName="Kimoto &amp; Gressitt" authorityYear="1966" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Epaenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B618AF7BE925B8CD7" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Epaenidea elegans</emphasis>
Kimoto &amp; Gressitt, 1966
</taxonomicName>
from the Ryukyu Islands is surely not congeneric with 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B610BF7FE91C18337" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[569,688,2046,2069]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B610BF7FE91C18337" box="[569,688,2046,2069]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(male 
<typeStatus id="5B5CE1EAFFE7015B600EF53E90E98E77" box="[828,920,1342,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
examined). The third species, 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B67D8F53E90818E57" authority="Medvedev, 2004" authorityName="Medvedev" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Epaenidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indochinensis">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B67D8F53E96EC8E77" box="[1258,1437,1342,1365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">E. indochinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE7015B600EF55E90818E57" author="MEDVEDEV L. N." box="[828,1008,1374,1397]" firstAuthor="Medvedev" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Basiliensia" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" pagination="325 - 338" part="26" refId="ref32335" refString="MEDVEDEV L. N. 2004: New genera and species of Oriental Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera). Entomologica Basiliensia 26: 325 - 338." title="New genera and species of Oriental Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera)" type="journal article" year="2004">Medvedev, 2004</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, is here transferred to 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B67D3F55E96298E57" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[1249,1368,1374,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B67D3F55E96298E57" box="[1249,1368,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on study of the type material.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CCFD0CC3FFE7015B60B2F5BE96EC8D86" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE7015B60B2F5BE97818ED7" blockId="5.[896,1368,1470,1525]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="DF10E824FFE7015B60B2F5BE97818ED7" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B60B2F5BE97818ED7" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
Definition of species-groups in 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B67EFF5BE96298EF7" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[1245,1368,1470,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B67EFF5BE96298EF7" bold="true" box="[1245,1368,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Taumacera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with updated check-list
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="84585F48FFE7015B6068F60D96EC8D86" blockId="5.[828,1437,1549,1700]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
The genus includes several species-groups defined predominantly by male antennal characters. Previously, only 
<taxonomicName id="43E724CBFFE7015B6040F64D97478D46" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1814" box="[882,1078,1613,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Taumacera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deusta">
<emphasis id="B693835AFFE7015B6040F64D97478D46" box="[882,1078,1613,1636]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Taumacera deusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group was designated by 
<bibRefCitation id="E07622B9FFE7015B600EF66D90CD8DA6" author="REID C. A. M." box="[828,956,1645,1668]" firstAuthor="REID" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Entomology" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 9" part="38" refId="ref33192" refString="REID C. A. M. 1999: Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). Australian Journal of Entomology 38: 1 - 9." title="Reappraisal of the genus Taumacera Thunberg with descriptions of two new species from South-East Asia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae)" type="journal article" year="1999">REID (1999)</bibRefCitation>
, six additional groups are proposed here. For the check-list and diagnosis of species groups see 
<tableCitation id="C9656AF3FFE7015B667AF68D96E78D86" box="[1352,1430,1677,1700]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[151,201,190,209]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,244,1962]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 1. Definition of species-groups and catalogue of Taumacera species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/D0980FC0FFE4015863A5F0BE90678BF3" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" tableUuid="D0980FC0FFE4015863A5F0BE90678BF3">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>