475 lines
54 KiB
XML
475 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="5F811B62CDF845C1ACD70501991EB6F3" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4137.4.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4137.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9e6f7af8-9531-4179-a48a-5a390d249eb7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="271937" ID-ZooBank="55CA5F98-BBD2-41DC-974B-B904DE47B5BC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1468391104258" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Alvarez, Belinda, De Voogd, Nicole J. & Soest, Van" docDate="2016" docId="4B1187F3FFECF72EFF70C3A1BF72C737" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4137.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4137 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phakellia atypica Levi 1961" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="464" masterDocId="B728FF8BFFE6F723FFE7C566BE74C34B" masterDocTitle="Sponges of the family Axinellidae (Porifera: Demospongiae) in Indonesia" masterLastPageNumber="477" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="461" updateTime="1698364592396" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="11BD6E309EB65327C2B634088AD8BED4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6EFE3BF7F4D43652F931E3C53F864CA0">
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<mods:title id="0CCF360C58E2080C00A3A2A2FCA30EF0">Sponges of the family Axinellidae (Porifera: Demospongiae) in Indonesia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="E20D1511065E4E38DFD821271EF693FD" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="F28AD3606768F06F84DEB8DB22A7E112">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C69F64693108CBA917D514FB0C96B9EF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C721F0F2EE179B50F5CE522F998C3076">Alvarez, Belinda</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="6B64EC6EBE12B41C231FBA7CC330FF55" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="952602B74BDD5D34717D11BD0E5A2A9F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B5FB8F7731A3DC62F148D81EF73E92E8">De Voogd, Nicole J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="F52ECBE7817248D641B802DE4E12DAD7" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C53D2BACFD2CC9218296E3943536ABDB">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4DC58E27F03C65567E2BBC0B57CCDCFC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A1988DC8DEEBBA23E6763A1685C410E0">Soest, Van</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F1C8C31418F502D2119FC335F9F6E4D5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="8C46D240C8CB0EB0717E3499A6EF4A19">
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<mods:title id="4032DFFBA91DDF2FA9A825E1BE643A42">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="5D459D2A43B366395A5CE7040C72AAFF">
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<mods:date id="3F767E0D18C98B3ACB23DCA48F10F3C7">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="588345C2F0F65164FBCE6EDF9C769535" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="AEB6753E03747557FA7835BBE6858DDD">4137</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="D364D86D7EEE76B8109E38FE4C82963C" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="901F9E000D66FC8EBBE1C4FDD2731C9F">4</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="99D3288E6C0122DAD15B4DDC5337DF38">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CDBE1EAA12E63579200323C303F3308C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4137.4.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0822275DA2928C750CD5D9AD541E825F" type="GBIF-Dataset">9e6f7af8-9531-4179-a48a-5a390d249eb7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="13BF9E76DAF494BF32C8B093C848BE0F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="48443030EE945169EF768611F92B10E4" type="Zenodo-Dep">271937</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4B1187F3FFECF72EFF70C3A1BF72C737" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5621786" ID-GBIF-Taxon="123195232" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5621786" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4B1187F3FFECF72EFF70C3A1BF72C737" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4B1187F3FFECF72EFF70C3A1BF72C737" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="464" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<subSubSection id="8BA2656EFFECF729FF70C3A1BF73C448" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C30736E5FFECF729FF70C3A1BF84C5AA" blockId="10.[151,496,1735,1795]" box="[151,496,1735,1761]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<heading id="984F8189FFECF729FF70C3A1BF84C5AA" bold="true" box="[151,496,1735,1761]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFECF729FF70C3A1BF84C5AA" authority="Levi, 1961" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,496,1735,1761]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atypica">
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<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFECF729FF70C3A1BF84C5AA" bold="true" box="[151,496,1735,1761]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFECF729FF70C3A1BF1CC5AA" bold="true" box="[151,360,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Phakellia atypica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFECF729FE88C3A1BF84C5AA" author="Levi" box="[367,496,1735,1761]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" refString="Levi, C. (1961) Spongiaires des Iles Philippines, principalement recoltees au voisinage de Zamboanga. The Philippine Journal of Science, 88, 509 - 533." type="journal article" year="1961">Lévi, 1961</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C30736E5FFECF729FF70C38CBF73C448" blockId="10.[151,496,1735,1795]" box="[151,263,1770,1795]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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(
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<figureCitation id="5B832A60FFECF729FF78C38CBE90C448" box="[159,228,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,789,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,785,1714]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Map showing the geographical location of the described species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271939/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="5B832A60FFECF729FF08C38DBE8AC448" box="[239,254,1771,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[216,1368,214,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[197,1386,194,1920]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Phakellia atypica. A, RMNH Por. 2900, in situ at Tulamben beach, Bali. B, RMNH POR. 6561, in situ at Lembeh Strait, C, RMNH POR. 3053, in situ at Nusa Penida Bali. ZMA Por. 10822: D, light microphotograph of skeleton, E, drawing of spicules. Scale bars: D, 500 µm; E, 100 µm. Photos A – C: Nicole de Voogd." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271943/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">7</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8BA2656EFFECF729FF70C254BF83C403" box="[151,503,1842,1864]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C30736E5FFECF729FF70C254BF83C403" blockId="10.[151,503,1842,1864]" box="[151,503,1842,1864]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E3A811CBFFECF729FF70C254BF83C403" box="[151,503,1842,1864]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFECF729FF70C254BF87C403" authority="Levi, 1961: 516" authorityName="Levi" authorityPageNumber="516" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,499,1842,1864]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atypica">
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<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFECF729FF70C254BF3DC403" box="[151,329,1842,1864]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Phakellia atypica</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="421910F4FFECF729FEA8C254BF87C403" author="Levi" box="[335,499,1842,1864]" page="516" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" year="1961">
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<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFECF729FEA8C254BFB4C403" author="Levi" box="[335,448,1842,1864]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" refString="Levi, C. (1961) Spongiaires des Iles Philippines, principalement recoltees au voisinage de Zamboanga. The Philippine Journal of Science, 88, 509 - 533." type="journal article" year="1961">Lévi, 1961</bibRefCitation>
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: 516
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8BA2656EFFECF728FF70C209BEA1C153" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFECF728FF70C209BEA1C153" blockId="10.[151,1436,1903,2036]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,1149]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFECF729FF70C209BF0EC4C3" bold="true" box="[151,378,1903,1928]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFECF729FE6FC216BFA8C4CC" box="[392,476,1904,1927]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">RMNH</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFECF729FE03C216BC6AC4C3" box="[484,542,1904,1928]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14383" name="Universit<69> degli Studi di Napoli Federico II" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">POR</collectionCode>
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. 2900,
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<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFECF729FD97C209BC94C4C3" box="[624,736,1903,1928]" name="Indonesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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, Bali, SE-end Tulamben beach,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFECF729FBACC216BACDC4C3" box="[1099,1209,1904,1928]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" precision="5" value="-8.2778">8.2778°S</geoCoordinate>
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||
.,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFECF729FB2FC209BB38C4C3" box="[1224,1356,1903,1928]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" precision="5" value="115.5958">115.5958°E</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<quantity id="04409B00FFECF729FA84C216BBE8C4CC" box="[1379,1436,1904,1928]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
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depth,
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<date id="B7061025FFECF729FF03C2F2BFF1C4E7" box="[228,389,1939,1964]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" value="2001-04-13">13 April 2001</date>
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||
, #Bal22/NV/
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||
<date id="B7061025FFECF729FDF8C2F5BC07C4E7" box="[543,627,1939,1964]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" value="01-04-13">130401</date>
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||
/181, coll. N.J. de Voogd.
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<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFECF729FC73C2F2BD9CC4E0" box="[916,1000,1940,1963]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">RMNH</collectionCode>
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||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFECF729FC17C2F2BA5EC4E7" box="[1008,1066,1940,1964]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14383" name="Universit<69> degli Studi di Napoli Federico II" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">POR</collectionCode>
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||
. 3053,
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<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFECF729FB9BC2F5BA98C4E7" box="[1148,1260,1939,1964]" name="Indonesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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||
, Bali, N side of Nusa Penida, Tanjung Biasmuntig,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFECF729FDCAC2D1BCEEC49B" box="[557,666,1975,2000]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" precision="5" value="-8.673">8.6730°S</geoCoordinate>
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||
.,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFECF729FD4BC2D1BD47C49B" box="[684,819,1975,2000]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" precision="5" value="115.4869">115.4869°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<quantity id="04409B00FFECF729FCA6C2D1BD08C484" box="[833,892,1975,2000]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" unit="m" value="36.0">36 m</quantity>
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depth,
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<date id="B7061025FFECF729FC33C2DEBA0DC49B" box="[980,1145,1975,2000]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" value="2001-04-20">20 April 2001</date>
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, #Bal31/NV/
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<date id="B7061025FFECF729FAE8C2D1BB12C49B" box="[1295,1382,1975,2000]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" value="02-04-20">200402</date>
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||
/248, coll. N.J. de Voogd.
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<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFECF729FE9AC2BABFA5C4B8" box="[381,465,2012,2035]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">RMNH</collectionCode>
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||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFECF729FE3FC2BDBC60C4BF" box="[472,532,2011,2036]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14383" name="Universit<69> degli Studi di Napoli Federico II" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">POR</collectionCode>
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||
.6561,
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||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFECF729FDBBC2BDBCB8C4BF" box="[604,716,2011,2036]" name="Indonesia" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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||
, North Sulawesi, Lembeh Strait, Tanjung Kusukusu,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFECF729FAC5C2BDBBE0C4BF" box="[1314,1428,2011,2036]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" precision="5" value="1.4538">1.4538°N</geoCoordinate>
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||
.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFEDF728FF70C5F1BF6BC3FB" box="[151,287,151,176]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="5" value="125.2369">125.2369°E</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FED5C5F1BF06C3E4" box="[306,370,151,176]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="16.0">16 m</quantity>
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||
depth,
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||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FE32C5F1BCDAC3FB" box="[469,686,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" value="2012-02-16">16 February 2012</date>
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||
, #LEM31/
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||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FCC8C5F1BDF0C3FB" box="[815,900,151,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" value="12-02-16">160212</date>
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||
/237, coll. N.J.de Voogd.
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||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFEDF728FB5AC5FEBB65C3E4" box="[1213,1297,152,175]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFEDF728FAC7C5F1BB2FC3FB" box="[1312,1371,151,176]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14383" name="Universit<69> degli Studi di Napoli Federico II" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
.6628,
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||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEDF728FF70C5DABF73C39E" box="[151,263,188,213]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, North Sulawesi, Lembeh Strait,
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||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEDF728FD64C5DABCB7C39E" box="[643,707,188,213]" name="Iceland" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Pulau</collectingCountry>
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||
Abadi,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFEDF728FCC7C5DABDE7C39E" box="[800,915,188,213]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="5" value="1.4336">1.4336°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFEDF728FC43C5DABA58C39E" box="[932,1068,188,213]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="5" value="125.2062">125.2062°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FBDEC5DABA00C39F" box="[1081,1140,188,212]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
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||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FB2CC5DABBECC39F" box="[1227,1432,188,213]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" value="2012-02-10">10 February 2012</date>
|
||
, #LEM22/
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FEE1C5B9BF2EC3B3" box="[262,346,223,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" value="12-10-02">100212</date>
|
||
/096, coll. N.J.de Voogd.
|
||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFEDF728FD67C586BCCAC3B3" box="[640,702,224,248]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
Por. 0 9005,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEDF728FCB2C5B9BDB1C3B3" box="[853,965,223,248]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, NE coast of Sumba, E of Melolo, Nusa Tenggara,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFEDF728FEEBC462BF02C257" box="[268,374,260,284]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="5" value="-9.9033">9.9033°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFEDF728FE66C462BF8FC256" box="[385,507,260,285]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="55" value="120.725">120.725°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FDE1C462BC4AC257" box="[518,574,260,285]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FD77C462BD1FC257" box="[656,875,260,285]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" value="1984-09-15">15 September 1984</date>
|
||
, coll. R.W.M. van Soest on Snellius II Expedition, Sta. 061/
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FF1AC441BF43C20B" box="[253,311,295,320]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" value="2006-05">V/06</date>
|
||
, dredge.
|
||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFEDF728FE47C44EBFAAC20B" box="[416,478,296,320]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
Por. 0 9039,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEDF728FD94C441BC97C20B" box="[627,739,295,320]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Nusa Tenggara, NE coast of Sumba,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFEDF728FB7DC441BA9DC20B" box="[1178,1257,295,320]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="555" value="-9.95">9.95°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFEDF728FB11C441BB27C20B" box="[1270,1363,295,320]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="5555" value="120.6">120.6°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FA86C441BBE8C274" box="[1377,1436,295,320]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FF03C42ABFB6C22F" box="[228,450,332,357]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" value="1984-09-16">16 September 1984</date>
|
||
, coll. R.W.M. van Soest on Snellius II Expedition, Sta. 068/
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FB8AC42ABAD2C22E" box="[1133,1190,332,357]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" value="2004-05">V/04</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FB54C42ABA87C22F" box="[1203,1267,332,356]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="1.2">1.2 m</quantity>
|
||
Agassiz trawl.
|
||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFEDF728FF70C416BEA1C2C3" box="[151,213,368,392]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
Por. 10822,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEDF728FE89C409BFAAC2C3" box="[366,478,367,392]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Masidan, Kepulauan Aru,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEDF728FCF8C409BD02C2C3" box="[799,886,367,392]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Maluku</collectingCountry>
|
||
Province,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFEDF728FC11C409BA30C2C3" box="[1014,1092,367,392]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="555" value="-5.47">5.47°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFEDF728FBB4C416BAAFC2C3" box="[1107,1243,368,392]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="5" value="134.8983">134.8983°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FB0EC409BB52C2CC" box="[1257,1318,367,392]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="57.0">57 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FA67C409BF3FC2E7" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" value="1899-12-26">26 December 1899</date>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEDF728FE6AC4F2BCE0C2E7" authority="Expedition, Sta." authorityName="Expedition, Sta." box="[397,660,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Siboga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Siboga Expedition, Sta.</taxonomicName>
|
||
274.
|
||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFEDF728FD36C4F2BD7BC2E7" box="[721,783,404,428]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
Por. 12287,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEDF728FC7BC4F2BA78C2E6" box="[924,1036,404,429]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Sapeh Strait, Lesser Sunda Islands,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFEDF728FF70C4D1BF75C29B" box="[151,257,439,464]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="5" value="-8.3916">8.3916°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFEDF728FEEBC4DEBFF7C29B" box="[268,387,440,464]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="55" value="119.073">119.073°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FE7FC4D1BFA5C284" box="[408,465,439,464]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="69.0">69 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FDC3C4DEBCB0C29B" box="[548,708,439,464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" value="1899-04-14">14 April 1899</date>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEDF728FCEFC4D1BA64C29B" authority="Expedition, Sta." authorityName="Expedition, Sta." box="[776,1040,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Siboga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Siboga Expedition, Sta.</taxonomicName>
|
||
049a.
|
||
<collectionCode id="A5A9AE20FFEDF728FBBCC4DEBAEDC29B" box="[1115,1177,440,464]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
Por. 12332,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEDF728FACFC4D1BBECC29B" box="[1320,1432,439,464]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Sapeh Strait, Lesser Sunda Islands,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFEDF728FDCFC4BABCE6C2BE" box="[552,658,476,501]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="5" value="-8.3916">8.3916°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A68C5022FFEDF728FD79C4BABD63C2BF" box="[670,791,476,500]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" precision="55" value="119.073">119.073°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FCC4C4BABD28C2BF" box="[803,860,476,501]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="69.0">69 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FC57C4BABA24C2BF" box="[944,1104,476,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" value="1899-04-14">14 April 1899</date>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEDF728FB73C4BABBE9C2BF" authority="Expedition, Sta." authorityName="Expedition, Sta." box="[1172,1437,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Siboga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Siboga Expedition, Sta.</taxonomicName>
|
||
049a.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8BA2656EFFEDF72EFF20C742BC92C3B3" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="464" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF20C742BC23C1CE" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEDF728FF20C742BF2DC176" bold="true" box="[199,345,548,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEDF728FE87C742BFD1C176" box="[352,421,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Shape</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="5B832A60FFEDF728FE53C742BF88C177" box="[436,508,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[216,1368,214,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[197,1386,194,1920]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Phakellia atypica. A, RMNH Por. 2900, in situ at Tulamben beach, Bali. B, RMNH POR. 6561, in situ at Lembeh Strait, C, RMNH POR. 3053, in situ at Nusa Penida Bali. ZMA Por. 10822: D, light microphotograph of skeleton, E, drawing of spicules. Scale bars: D, 500 µm; E, 100 µm. Photos A – C: Nicole de Voogd." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271943/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Figs 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C). Fan to cup-shaped, with irregular margins, on narrow peduncle,
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FACDC742BB16C177" box="[1322,1378,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
long by
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FF5DC72EBE86C114" box="[186,242,584,608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
diameter. Specimens are up to
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FDA9C72EBCE6C114" box="[590,658,584,608]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
||
long by
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FD10C72EBD4FC114" box="[759,827,584,608]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="cm" value="11.0">11 cm</quantity>
|
||
in maximum diameter with walls
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FB58C72EBB5FC114" box="[1215,1323,584,608]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="2.0">2–10 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick, but becoming thicker towards the peduncle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF20C7E9BC07C1E3" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1149]" box="[199,627,655,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEDF728FF20C7E9BF61C1E3" box="[199,277,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Colour</emphasis>
|
||
. Orange live. Beige in alcohol.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF20C7D3BDC7C186" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1149]" box="[199,947,692,717]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEDF728FF20C7D3BF38C187" box="[199,332,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Consistency</emphasis>
|
||
. Rough to touch, spiculose, flexible and compressible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF20C7B1BFF6C05E" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEDF728FF20C7B1BF62C1BB" box="[199,278,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Oscula</emphasis>
|
||
. External face with minute pores less than
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FCEAC7BEBD20C1A4" box="[781,852,728,752]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
; inner face with larger pores up to
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FB09C7BEBB45C1A4" box="[1262,1329,728,752]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter regularly distributed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF20C646BDD1C083" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEDF728FF20C646BF68C073" box="[199,284,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Surface</emphasis>
|
||
. External face covered irregularly with conulose and hispid-thin projections up to
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FB5BC646BA87C07C" box="[1212,1267,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, single or joined laterally, forming meandroid valleys up to
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FCE6C622BD34C017" box="[769,832,836,860]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
high and giving surface a clathrous appearance; membranous transparent skin pierced by minute pores. Inner face, irregularly conulose and with fewer or without long projections. Both inner and outer surface marked by choanosomal longitudinal fibres, especially near the margins. Surface at peduncle area is free of projections; micro-hispid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF20C6B2BA0BC736" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEDF728FF20C6B2BF52C0A6" box="[199,294,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="5B832A60FFEDF728FEA6C6B2BFE4C0A7" box="[321,400,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[216,1368,214,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[197,1386,194,1920]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Phakellia atypica. A, RMNH Por. 2900, in situ at Tulamben beach, Bali. B, RMNH POR. 6561, in situ at Lembeh Strait, C, RMNH POR. 3053, in situ at Nusa Penida Bali. ZMA Por. 10822: D, light microphotograph of skeleton, E, drawing of spicules. Scale bars: D, 500 µm; E, 100 µm. Photos A – C: Nicole de Voogd." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271943/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Ectosomal skeleton not specialised. Choanosomal skeleton vaguely plumose to halichondroid; compressed in cross section in some regions of the specimen; without spongin fibres but thick multispicular tracts, up to
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEDF728FE59C17ABC74C77F" box="[446,512,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, loosely packed with interwoven spicules and ‘plumo-echinated’ with single spicules, ascending toward surface, dividing, anastomosing and forming an irregular reticulation. Secondary tracts vague or ill-defined, diverging from main axes, multispicular and slightly plumose.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="97C7666DFFEDF728FF70C1CEBCB2C7F4" box="[151,710,1191,1215]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF70C1CEBCB2C7F4" blockId="11.[151,710,1191,1215]" box="[151,710,1191,1215]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEDF728FF70C1CEBF7EC7F4" bold="true" box="[151,266,1192,1215]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">TABLE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Spicule dimensions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEDF728FDE3C1C1BCCBC7F4" box="[516,703,1191,1215]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atypica">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEDF728FDE3C1C1BCCBC7F4" box="[516,703,1191,1215]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Phakellia atypica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF78C1BCBD8CC651" blockId="11.[159,1427,1242,1934]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Specimen Locality Strongyles Styles Toxiform oxeas RMNH POR. Bali 1065.7–2001.8µm 783.3–1255.4µm</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF78C044BD93C673" blockId="11.[159,1427,1242,1934]" box="[159,999,1314,1336]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">2900 (1586.6±254.6) (1068.2±114.5)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FDE5C02BBA3DC629" blockId="11.[159,1427,1242,1934]" box="[514,1097,1356,1378]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">x 7.1–14.4µm (10.8±2) x 7.1–16.8µm (10.8±2.5)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF78C010BB45C6E1" blockId="11.[159,1427,1242,1934]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">RMNH POR. Bali 472.2–1348.8µm 596–1046.8µm 226.1–284.6µm 3053 (1095.1±194.5) (837.3±111.9) (249.8±30.8) [3]</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FDE5C0D8BBE7C698" blockId="11.[159,1427,1242,1934]" box="[514,1427,1469,1491]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FDE5C0D8BC6BC698" box="[514,543,1469,1491]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">x 8</date>
|
||
–16.8µm (13±2.5) x 8.9–23.5µm (14.5±3.5) x 5.4–6.5µm (5.8±0.6) [3]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF78C081BB49C550" blockId="11.[159,1427,1242,1934]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
ZMA Por.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEDF728FEA3C080BFE1C6B7" box="[324,405,1510,1532]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Maluku</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 837.4–1810.6µm 619.6–1233.5µm 211.9–377.1µm 10822
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEDF728FEA3C363BFD2C550" box="[324,422,1541,1563]" name="Indonesia" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1326.8±291.6) (943.7±135.5) (306.6±46.5) [17]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FDE5C349BB0DC50F" blockId="11.[159,1427,1242,1934]" box="[514,1401,1582,1604]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FDE5C349BC6BC50F" box="[514,543,1582,1604]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">x 8</date>
|
||
–24.9µm (15.6±4.1) x 7.6–23.2µm (15±4.4) x 2.6–6µm (4.5±1) [17]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF78C33EBD8CC525" blockId="11.[159,1427,1242,1934]" box="[159,1016,1624,1646]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">ZMA Por. Sunda Islands 965–1839µm (1444.9±255.5) 946.3–1272.4µm</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF78C310BDADC5C7" blockId="11.[159,1427,1242,1934]" box="[159,985,1654,1676]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">12332 (1116.5±98.1)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FDE5C3C7BA3DC5FD" blockId="11.[159,1427,1242,1934]" box="[514,1097,1696,1718]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">x 8.9–20.9µm (16.4±2.9) x 9.1–23.3µm (17.1±3.2)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FF78C3ACBB3FC40D" blockId="11.[159,1427,1242,1934]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
RMNH POR. North Sulawesi 1072.3–1807.3µm (1504.1) 844–1198.7µm (991.4) 224.8–371.3µm (272.4) 6561 x 6.3–25.4 (14.6)[10]
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FCACC38FBD1DC5B5" box="[843,873,1768,1790]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">x 4</date>
|
||
–20.4µm (12.3)[18] x 3.5–7.0 (5)[6] RMNH North Sulawesi 1053.2–1169.1 (1110.6) 802–1097µm (978.3) 284.8–362µm (322.8) POR.6628 x 3.6–7.3µm (6) [3] x 8.3–25.3µm (16.8) x 2.9–7µm (5.5)[4]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FEA3C23FBB1FC424" blockId="11.[159,1427,1242,1934]" box="[324,1387,1881,1903]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEDF728FEA3C23FBFCDC424" box="[324,441,1881,1903]" name="Philippines" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
* 1700–2000µm 1200–1550µm
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FC02C23FBA45C424" box="[997,1073,1881,1903]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" value="1916-10-30">x16–30</date>
|
||
µm 200–600µm
|
||
<date id="B7061025FFEDF728FAEDC23FBB3DC424" box="[1290,1353,1881,1903]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" value="2015-10-04">x4–15</date>
|
||
µm
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF728FEA3C21EBFD9C4C5" blockId="11.[159,1427,1242,1934]" box="[324,429,1912,1934]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C038847FFEDF728FEADC21EBFD2C4C5" box="[330,422,1912,1934]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEDF72EFF70C2C8BC92C3B3" blockId="11.[151,406,1966,1989]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,151,1149]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="464" pageId="11" pageNumber="462">
|
||
*Data from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFEDF728FEFFC2C8BFE2C48E" author="Levi" box="[280,406,1966,1989]" pageId="11" pageNumber="462" refString="Levi, C. (1961) Spongiaires des Iles Philippines, principalement recoltees au voisinage de Zamboanga. The Philippine Journal of Science, 88, 509 - 533." type="journal article" year="1961">Lévi (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFF20C5F1BF50C3FB" box="[199,292,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="5B832A60FFEBF72EFEDDC5F1BFF7C3E4" box="[314,387,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[216,1368,214,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[197,1386,194,1920]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Phakellia atypica. A, RMNH Por. 2900, in situ at Tulamben beach, Bali. B, RMNH POR. 6561, in situ at Lembeh Strait, C, RMNH POR. 3053, in situ at Nusa Penida Bali. ZMA Por. 10822: D, light microphotograph of skeleton, E, drawing of spicules. Scale bars: D, 500 µm; E, 100 µm. Photos A – C: Nicole de Voogd." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271943/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
E,
|
||
<tableCitation id="8E3A035EFFEBF72EFE4EC5F1BC70C3FB" box="[425,516,151,176]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,239,1192,1215]" captionText="TABLE 6. Spicule dimensions of Phakellia atypica." pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||
). Strongyles, sinuous, or irregularly bent; often in horseshoe shape, 1065.7– 2001.8µmx 7.1–14.4 µm. Styles, thin, long, slightly curved, 596–1272 µm x 7.1–23.5 µm. Toxiform oxeas, rare, or absent(not found in all specimens), 211.9–377.1µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="97C7666DFFEAF72FFF70C2F1BDC5C4A1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271943/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" targetBox="[216,1368,214,1906]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEAF72FFF70C2F1BDC5C4A1" blockId="12.[151,1436,1943,2026]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEAF72FFF70C2F1BF67C4E6" bold="true" box="[151,275,1943,1965]" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEAF72FFEFDC2F1BFA7C4E5" box="[282,467,1943,1966]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEAF72FFEFDC2F1BFBBC4E5" box="[282,463,1943,1966]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="12" pageNumber="463" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atypica">Phakellia atypica</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A, RMNH Por. 2900,
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEAF72FFD5EC2FFBC8CC4E5" box="[697,760,1945,1966]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
at Tulamben beach, Bali. B, RMNH POR.6561,
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEAF72FFB0DC2FFBB5CC4E5" box="[1258,1320,1945,1966]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
at Lembeh Strait, C, RMNH POR. 3053,
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEAF72FFE2DC2D1BC7EC487" box="[458,522,1975,1996]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="463">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
at Nusa Penida Bali. ZMA Por. 10822: D, light microphotograph of skeleton, E, drawing of spicules. Scale bars: D, 500 µm; E, 100 µm. Photos A–C: Nicole de Voogd.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8BA2656EFFEBF72EFF20C462BFB9C744" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEBF72EFF20C462BD55C284" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFF20C462BF40C256" bold="true" box="[199,308,260,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. We assigned the material examined to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEBF72EFD15C462BA4EC256" authority="Levi, 1961" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1961" box="[754,1082,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atypica">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFD15C462BDCCC257" box="[754,952,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Phakellia atypica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFEBF72EFC59C462BA4EC256" author="Levi" box="[958,1082,260,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" refString="Levi, C. (1961) Spongiaires des Iles Philippines, principalement recoltees au voisinage de Zamboanga. The Philippine Journal of Science, 88, 509 - 533." type="journal article" year="1961">Lévi, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEBF72EFB63C462BB71C256" box="[1156,1285,260,285]" name="Philippines" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
, based on the similarities of general shape, skeletal organisation, size of strongyles and styles and the presence of toxiform oxeas with highly pointed tips described for that species. The material examined, however, is variable in terms of external morphology (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5B832A60FFEBF72EFEC8C409BF05C2CC" box="[303,369,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[216,1368,214,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[197,1386,194,1920]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Phakellia atypica. A, RMNH Por. 2900, in situ at Tulamben beach, Bali. B, RMNH POR. 6561, in situ at Lembeh Strait, C, RMNH POR. 3053, in situ at Nusa Penida Bali. ZMA Por. 10822: D, light microphotograph of skeleton, E, drawing of spicules. Scale bars: D, 500 µm; E, 100 µm. Photos A – C: Nicole de Voogd." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271943/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C) and spicule composition and dimensions. As admitted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFEBF72EFBA7C409BAB3C2C3" author="Levi" box="[1088,1223,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" refString="Levi, C. (1961) Spongiaires des Iles Philippines, principalement recoltees au voisinage de Zamboanga. The Philippine Journal of Science, 88, 509 - 533." type="journal article" year="1961">Lévi (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the skeleton is not typical of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEBF72EFEEDC4F2BF02C2E6" box="[266,374,404,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFEEDC4F2BF02C2E6" box="[266,374,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Phakellia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and shows affinities to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEBF72EFD63C4F2BC89C2E6" box="[644,765,404,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dictyonellidae" genus="Acanthella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFD63C4F2BC89C2E6" box="[644,765,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Acanthella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or other genera with dictyonellid-like skeleton but lack the characteristic cartilaginous consistency of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEBF72EFD94C4D1BC98C29B" box="[627,748,439,464]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dictyonellidae" genus="Acanthella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFD94C4D1BC98C29B" box="[627,748,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Acanthella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEBF72EFF20C4BABF70C1CE" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
The material was compared also to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEBF72EFD8FC4BABA34C2BF" authority="Levi & Levi, 1989" authorityName="Levi & Levi" authorityYear="1989" box="[616,1088,476,501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="stelliderma">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFD8FC4BABD28C2BE" box="[616,860,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Phakellia stelliderma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFEBF72EFC81C4BABA34C2BF" author="Levi" box="[870,1088,476,501]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" refString="Levi, C. & Levi, P. (1989) Spongiaires (MUSORSTOM 1 & 2). In: Forest, J. (Ed), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (A, Zoologie), 143, pp. 25 - 103." type="journal article" year="1989">Lévi & Lévi, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEBF72EFB0EC4BABB1EC2BE" box="[1257,1386,476,501]" name="Philippines" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but differs in general shape, which is described as a thin fan,
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEBF72EFC82C766BDD9C15C" box="[869,941,512,536]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick, with surface marked by a regular choanosomal reticulation. The choanosomal tracts are formed with interwoven strongyles and echinated by very large styles (up to
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEBF72EFE80C72EBFDDC114" box="[359,425,584,608]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length), and smaller styles (400–700 µm) and projecting through the surface in regular bouquets.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEBF72EFF20C7E9BC7EC1BB" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
The material was also compared to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C038847FFEBF72EFD63C7F6BCC0C1E3" box="[644,692,656,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEBF72EFD3CC7E9BA07C1E3" authority="Burton, 1928" authorityName="Burton" authorityYear="1928" box="[731,1139,655,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="columnata">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFD3CC7E9BDB0C1E3" box="[731,964,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Phakellia columnata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFEBF72EFC34C7F6BA1FC1E3" author="Burton" box="[979,1131,656,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" refString="Burton, M. (1928) Report on some deep-sea sponges from the Indian Museum collected by the R. I. M. S. " Investigator ". Part II. Tetraxonida (concluded) and Euceratosa. Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 30, 109 - 138, pls. 101 - 102." type="journal article" year="1928">Burton, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[fragment of
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C038847FFEBF72EFAF7C7F6BB34C1E3" box="[1296,1344,656,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">type</typeStatus>
|
||
BMNH 1926.10.1.23, Andaman Sea, examined] from which it differs in external shape, skeletal characteristics, composition and size of spicules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEBF72EFF20C79ABA5CC0EE" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
The species is also very similar in external shape and skeletal architecture to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEBF72EFBA0C79ABEACC073" authority="Lamarck, 1814" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1814" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="labellum">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFBA0C79ABB6BC05E" box="[1095,1311,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Phakellia labellum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFEBF72EFAD7C79ABEA4C073" author="Lamarck" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" refString="Lamarck, J. B. P. d. M. (1813 - 1814) Sur les polypiers empates. Suite du memoire intitule: Sur les Polypiers empates. Suite des eponges. Annales du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris 20 (6), 294 - 312 (published 1813), 370 - 386, 432 - 458 (published 1814). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 20, 294 - 312 (published 1813), 1370 - 1386, 1432 - 1458. [published 1814]" type="journal article" year="1814">Lamarck, 1814</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEBF72EFEC2C679BFD8C073" box="[293,428,799,824]" name="Madagascar" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
[fragment of
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C038847FFEBF72EFDB2C646BCFCC073" box="[597,648,800,824]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, MNHN LBIM DT3385, examined]. In
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFB82C647BA97C073" box="[1125,1251,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">P. l ab e l l um</emphasis>
|
||
the skeleton is formed only by styles and the strongyles are absent or reduced to thinly styles-transitional to strongyles. The styles are found in two size categories 167.4–253.1 µm x 12.6–18.9 µm and 326.8–1092.7 µm x 6.3–14.3 µm respectively, with the smallest forming a thick palisade at the subectosomal level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEBF72EFF20C6C9BFB9C744" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
Other valid species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEBF72EFE05C6C9BC3AC083" box="[482,590,943,968]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFE05C6C9BC3AC083" box="[482,590,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Phakellia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Western Indo-Pacific Realm according to the WPD (i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEBF72EFA60C6D7BC7AC0A7" authority="Dendy, 1905: 192" authorityName="Dendy" authorityPageNumber="192" authorityYear="1905" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassistylifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFA60C6D7BF42C0A6" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">P. crassistylifera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFEBF72EFEA7C6B2BFA2C0A6" author="Dendy" box="[320,470,980,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" refString="Dendy, A. (1905) Report on the sponges collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the pearl oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar. Royal Society, London, pp. 57 - 246, pls 241 - 216." type="book chapter" year="1905">Dendy, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 192
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEBF72EFDADC6B3BDF3C0A6" authority="Dendy, 1905" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1905" box="[586,903,980,1005]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="symmetrica">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFDADC6B3BC9EC0A7" box="[586,746,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">P. symmetrica</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7294B14FFEBF72EFD13C6B2BDF3C0A6" author="Dendy" box="[756,903,980,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" refString="Dendy, A. (1905) Report on the sponges collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the pearl oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar. Royal Society, London, pp. 57 - 246, pls 241 - 216." type="book chapter" year="1905">Dendy, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) do not match the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEBF72EFB19C6B2BB1DC0A6" box="[1278,1385,980,1005]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFB19C6B2BB1DC0A6" box="[1278,1385,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Phakellia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and probably belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="04B84D66FFEBF72EFE96C691BFB1C75B" box="[369,453,1015,1040]" class="Demospongiae" family="Dictyonellidae" genus="Stylissa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFE96C691BFB1C75B" box="[369,453,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Stylissa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8BA2656EFFEBF72EFF20C17ABF72C737" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="C30736E5FFEBF72EFF20C17ABF72C737" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1CCEAF7FFEBF72EFF20C17ABF2DC77E" bold="true" box="[199,345,1052,1077]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEBF72EFE8EC17ABF9EC77E" box="[361,490,1052,1077]" name="Philippines" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Zamboanga (
|
||
<typeStatus id="1C038847FFEBF72EFD6CC17ABCC9C77F" box="[651,701,1052,1076]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEBF72EFCD5C17ABDEBC77E" box="[818,927,1052,1077]" name="Indonesia" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Bali,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEBF72EFC08C17ABA3DC77E" box="[1007,1097,1052,1077]" name="Indonesia" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Maluku</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Sunda Islands; Lesser Sunda MEOW ecoregion,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5B832A60FFEBF72EFE90C159BFC1C713" box="[375,437,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1735,1757]" captionTargetBox="[160,1436,789,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,785,1714]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Map showing the geographical location of the described species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271939/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Fig.2</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is also recorded from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BBAF7675FFEBF72EFD07C159BD46C713" box="[736,818,1087,1112]" name="Taiwan" pageId="13" pageNumber="464">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(De Voogd unpublished data). It is found between 36 and
|
||
<specimenCount id="D5BEFD6CFFEBF72EFF21C102BF72C737" box="[198,262,1124,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="04409B00FFEBF72EFF21C102BF76C737" box="[198,258,1124,1149]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="13" pageNumber="464" unit="m" value="69.0">69 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |