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<document id="2CBF5E6C978A89605D33B7698C7FC05A" ID-CLB-Dataset="8611" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4468167" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e14407e6-33f9-4388-9099-9ac2dbc11f6b" ID-ISSN="ISSN 0374-1036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4468167" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1611663805109" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gustafson, Grey T. &amp; Short, Andrew E. Z." docDate="2010" docId="03DD87F7000DFF8922AEFB605F3CD9C1" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPra.50.2.459-469.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (suppl.) 50 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF.10:ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Phaenostoma stochasma Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs 2010, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="468" masterDocId="FFE4FF8F000AFF80230CFFDB5D55DA75" masterDocTitle="Redescription of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Phaenostoma (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) with description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="469" masterPageNumber="459" pageNumber="466" updateTime="1698925430421" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="DDE7037D6D2694A5857E8612A0B9E1A4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="D00A4F002D4C804FA506945510CEBF4E">
<mods:title id="FCDC661FE097FB26564B999D751B9D97">Redescription of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Phaenostoma (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) with description of two new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="BE1587642203EE07B0BBFB853DCDC34C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D5E72D4D389349CAB29210D3BD01EB87">
<mods:roleTerm id="19820C97E9DBBB3EB45B6C0E8B2B1389">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="499D8A9DD99EF047E8C00C1D0192AED2">Gustafson, Grey T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5C66CE39F3BFA96DD693FB8583C59FF1">1,2) &amp;) &amp;) Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute and Department of Ecology &amp; Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, KS 66045, USA; e-mails: GTG: gtgustafson @ gmail. com, AEZS: aezshort @ ku. edu &amp; 1,2) &amp;) Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 8713, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DB4E9BFCEF2F2B7BCE33992EB657F0BB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FE88C4A871B2C4EF96C87FCF8E5328E1">
<mods:roleTerm id="DF410B42BD8B0357F2E8C3655A194E07">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="70D80E3B1B74E4EE27A6065181B20CE8">Short, Andrew E. Z.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F0A6ED606476CB026423BA0EC1C8471C">1,2) &amp;) &amp;) Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute and Department of Ecology &amp; Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, KS 66045, USA; e-mails: GTG: gtgustafson @ gmail. com, AEZS: aezshort @ ku. edu</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="231A1CAE287D3206C31BB98611B8458B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="04391237EFBC3C48A3084D8C3A861BAB" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="88C343A3FE4AECBA3CCF95F7619F5C0B">
<mods:title id="AC983611D282874AB42544616FB21AD5">Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="520D39525004ECA558078F9749075F33">
<mods:date id="6556C5C42A7AEF756CFA4921421D90DB">2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="4E3B5A58AC71916DA601088818882323" type="series">
<mods:title id="F9B3266E67E1CEB56466723FFD3EBB51">suppl.</mods:title>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AC17C1A9B7441E82F1C8BA3DEADC5428" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="5C17B1DC375117F72B19A4C9978C6CCF">2010-12-15</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="8D9C85AD8AB8BA9A7E717201CF9A2593" type="volume">
<mods:number id="8338D899CA72B1E9B0E95304EADD4930">50</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="23DCAB76FE888BF59CD641EA5C83A593" type="issue">
<mods:number id="21F31A96DC6C42FBFC2957E511E4C34A">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="C813A126D12EAA635DC00726726BFF14" unit="page">
<mods:start id="4EE3C77F0F4047A997EDF07A57BE4536">459</mods:start>
<mods:end id="C6F4506EF086E00D658866B042AC32A5">469</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="709FB7B27EEA8C0B5E42142F66922C0F">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D3261A395EB672062626A169E2350F5E" type="CLB-Dataset">8611</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="03B66ED7A75961A0835DACF7A24A8040" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4468167</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="53F84C787075699E04BEE098F72874CB" type="GBIF-Dataset">e14407e6-33f9-4388-9099-9ac2dbc11f6b</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0F5B591EFA3F2A6806BA7060DC5A9350" type="ISSN">ISSN0374-1036</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0543E31061A217752F99DBC94E0F26DF" type="Zenodo-Dep">4468167</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03DD87F7000DFF8922AEFB605F3CD9C1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4477068" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177136742" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4477068" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87F7000DFF8922AEFB605F3CD9C1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD87F7000DFF8922AEFB605F3CD9C1" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="468" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">
<subSubSection id="C36E656A000DFF8722AEFB605E45DEA1" box="[418,784,1211,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCB36E1000DFF8722AEFB605E45DEA1" blockId="7.[418,784,1211,1236]" box="[418,784,1211,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">
<heading id="D083818D000DFF8722AEFB605E45DEA1" bold="true" box="[418,784,1211,1236]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B900EAF3000DFF8722AEFB605E45DEA1" bold="true" box="[418,784,1211,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">
<taxonomicName id="4C744D62000DFF8722AEFB605FE6DEA6" ID-CoL="76VPK" authority="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs, 2010" authorityName="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs" authorityYear="2010" box="[418,691,1211,1235]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Phaenostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stochasma" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B900EAF3000DFF8722AEFB605FE6DEA6" bold="true" box="[418,691,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">Phaenostoma stochasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2335788000DFF8721B5FB675E45DEA1" box="[697,784,1212,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36E656A000DFF872103FB015FF6DE98" box="[527,675,1242,1261]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCB36E1000DFF872103FB015FF6DE98" blockId="7.[527,675,1242,1261]" box="[527,675,1242,1261]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">
(
<figureCitation id="134F2A64000DFF872119FB015F35DE98" box="[533,608,1242,1261]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[114,146,919,938]" captionTargetBox="[129,1072,219,890]" captionTargetId="figure-237@3.[129,1072,219,890]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Sternal process of Phaenostoma species. A – P. kontax sp. nov.; B – P. posticatum (Sharp, 1887); C – P. stochasma sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4468171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4468171/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">Figs. 2C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134F2A64000DFF872165FB015F21DE98" box="[617,628,1242,1261]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,182,1050,1069]" captionTargetBox="[165,1113,217,1016]" captionTargetId="figure-147@8.[165,1113,216,1016]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Aedeagi of Phaenostoma species. A – P. posticatum (Sharp, 1887) (Costa Rica); B – P. kontax sp. nov. (holotype); C – P. stochasma sp. nov. (holotype; Costa Rica); D – P. stochasma sp. nov. (paratype; Venezuela). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4468175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4468175/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">4</figureCitation>
C–D)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36E656A000DFF87237DFADF5F1BDF8E" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCB36E1000DFF87237DFADF5E4FDF62" blockId="7.[113,1090,1283,1532]" box="[113,794,1283,1303]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">
<emphasis id="B900EAF3000DFF87237DFADF5DB8DF62" bold="true" box="[113,237,1283,1303]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">
<typeStatus id="54CF8843000DFF87237DFADF5DCADF62" box="[113,159,1284,1303]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3637671000DFF8723FEFADF5C07DF62" box="[242,338,1284,1303]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49B0F803000DFF872256FADF5CA4DF62" box="[346,497,1284,1303]" country="Costa Rica" name="Cartago" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">Cartago Province</collectingRegion>
, Turrialba, Barbilla National Park.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB36E1000DFF87237DFAF55F1BDF8E" blockId="7.[113,1090,1283,1532]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">
<emphasis id="B900EAF3000DFF87237DFAF55DADDF34" bold="true" box="[113,248,1325,1345]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3CBC000DFF8723F2FAF55C6BDF03" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026666334" collectingDate="2000-10-22" collectionCode="INBio" collectorName="Arana &amp; Mantillo. L" elevation="300" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" specimenCount="300" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54CF8843000DFF8723F2FAF55C07DF4A" box="[254,338,1326,1345]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
: ♁, ‘COSTA RICA.
<collectorName id="26815337000DFF872106FAF55FD1DF34" box="[522,644,1326,1345]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">Prov. Cartago</collectorName>
, /
<collectorName id="26815337000DFF872195FAF65E43DF34" box="[665,790,1325,1345]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">Turrialba, P.N</collectorName>
. Barbilla,
<collectorName id="26815337000DFF87207CFAF65EE1DF35" box="[880,948,1325,1344]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">Camino</collectorName>
al
<collectorName id="26815337000DFF8720C3FAF65EBBDF35" box="[975,1006,1325,1344]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">Rio</collectorName>
/
<collectorName id="26815337000DFF87270CFAF55917DF34" box="[1024,1090,1326,1345]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">Dantas.</collectorName>
<specimenCount id="9D72FD68000DFF87237DFA935DFDDF2E" box="[113,168,1352,1371]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" type="generic">
<quantity id="4C8C9B04000DFF87237DFA935DF1DF2E" box="[113,164,1352,1371]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" unit="m" value="300.0">
<elevation id="0059D1D2000DFF87237DFA935DF1DF2E" box="[113,164,1352,1371]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" unit="m" value="300.0">300m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
<date id="FFCA1021000DFF8723A6FA935C4BDF2E" box="[170,286,1352,1371]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" value="2000-10-22">
<collectingDate id="EF8EE9C9000DFF8723A6FA935C4BDF2E" box="[170,286,1352,1371]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" value="2000-10-22">22 OCT 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
.W./
<collectorName id="26815337000DFF872247FA935CD4DF2E" box="[331,385,1352,1371]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">Arana</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26815337000DFF87228BFA935CB3DF2E" box="[391,486,1352,1371]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">Mantillo. L</collectorName>
_N_596893_217500/ #60877’, ‘[barcode]/INB0003116831 / INBIOCRI COSTA RICA’ (
<collectionCode id="ED65AE24000DFF8723F2FAB85C62DF03" box="[254,311,1379,1398]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/931n-s1te" name="National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Rica" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">INBio</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="54CF8843000DFF872248FAB85CC8DF00" box="[324,413,1379,1398]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="9D72FD68000DFF8722ABFAB85C8EDF03" box="[423,475,1379,1398]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" type="generic">5 exs.</specimenCount>
).
<emphasis id="B900EAF3000DFF8722E4FAB95E71DF03" bold="true" box="[488,804,1378,1398]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">
<collectingCountry id="F3637671000DFF8722E4FAB95F3BDF03" box="[488,622,1378,1398]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49B0F803000DFF87217AFAB95F93DF00" box="[630,710,1378,1398]" country="Costa Rica" name="Cartago" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">CARTAGO</collectingRegion>
PROVINCE:
</emphasis>
Turrialba, Barbilla National Park, Finca Topoyiyo,
<quantity id="4C8C9B04000DFF87220DFAA65C60DFE5" box="[257,309,1405,1424]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" unit="m" value="600.0">600m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFCA1021000DFF872230FAA65CCCDFE5" box="[316,409,1405,1424]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" value="2000-11-17">17.xi.2000</date>
, leg. W. Arana, Mantillo (
<specimenCount id="9D72FD68000DFF87217AFAA55FC7DFE4" box="[630,658,1402,1425]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="ED65AE24000DFF872190FAA65F8EDFE5" box="[668,731,1405,1424]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">KSEM</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="B900EAF3000DFF8721E4FAA65EE1DFE4" bold="true" box="[744,948,1405,1425]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">
<collectingRegion id="49B0F803000DFF8721E4FAA65EFBDFFA" box="[744,942,1405,1425]" country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">GUANACASTE PROVINCE</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
Pitilla Station,
<quantity id="4C8C9B04000DFF87273AFAA55DD9DFDE" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
S. Santa Cecilia,
<quantity id="4C8C9B04000DFF872228FA435C02DFDE" box="[292,343,1432,1451]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" unit="m" value="700.0">700m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFCA1021000DFF872253FA435C8BDFDE" box="[351,478,1432,1451]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" value="1993-08-06" valueMax="1993-08-18" valueMin="1993-08-06">6–18.viii.1993</date>
, leg. P. Rios (
<specimenCount id="9D72FD68000DFF87215BFA435F20DFD9" box="[599,629,1429,1452]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="ED65AE24000DFF872173FA435FEDDFDE" box="[639,696,1432,1451]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/931n-s1te" name="National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Rica" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">INBio</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="B900EAF3000DFF8721CAFA435E0ADFDE" bold="true" box="[710,863,1432,1451]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">
<collectingRegion id="49B0F803000DFF8721CAFA435E0DDFDF" box="[710,856,1432,1451]" country="Costa Rica" name="Limon" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">LIMON PROVINCE</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
Sector Cerro Cocoi, Farm of E. Rojas,
<quantity id="4C8C9B04000DFF8723D7FA685C58DFB3" box="[219,269,1459,1478]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" unit="m" value="150.0">150m</quantity>
, (31.i)–(21.ii).1992, leg. E. Rojas (
<specimenCount id="9D72FD68000DFF872135FA685F02DFB2" box="[569,599,1456,1479]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="ED65AE24000DFF87216EFA685FCEDFB3" box="[610,667,1459,1478]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/931n-s1te" name="National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Rica" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">INBio</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="B900EAF3000DFF8721A5FA695E0BDFB3" bold="true" box="[681,862,1458,1478]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">
<collectingRegion id="49B0F803000DFF8721A5FA695E02DFB0" box="[681,855,1458,1478]" country="Costa Rica" name="Alajuela" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">ALAJUELA PROVINCE</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
Upata, Sector Sapote,
<quantity id="4C8C9B04000DFF87272DFA685DD1DF94" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" unit="m" value="625.0">625 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFCA1021000DFF872380FA155DB6DF94" box="[140,227,1486,1505]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" value="2001-10-20">20.x.2001</date>
, leg. A. Lopez, trampa de Mantillo (
<specimenCount id="9D72FD68000DFF872117FA155F13DF94" box="[539,582,1486,1505]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" type="generic">1 ex.</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="ED65AE24000DFF872141FA165FD3DF95" box="[589,646,1485,1504]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/931n-s1te" name="National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Rica" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">INBio</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="B900EAF3000DFF872198FA165E97DF94" bold="true" box="[660,962,1485,1505]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">
<collectingCountry id="F3637671000DFF872198FA165E49DF94" box="[660,796,1485,1505]" name="Venezuela" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49B0F803000DFF872029FA165ED4DFAA" box="[805,897,1485,1505]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="7" pageNumber="466">AMAZONAS</collectingRegion>
STATE:
</emphasis>
Tobogan de la Selva,
<date id="FFCA1021000DFF8723A7FA335DA6DF8E" box="[171,243,1512,1531]" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" value="2006-01-07">7.i.2006</date>
, leg. A. Short, AS-06-017 (1 ♁,
<collectionCode id="ED65AE24000DFF872105FA335F16DF8E" box="[521,579,1512,1531]" country="Venezuela" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33834" name="Museo del Instituto de Zoologia Agricola Francisco Fernandez Yepez" pageId="7" pageNumber="466" type="Museum">MIZA</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF0B66690002FF88239BFBC15C10DE17" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4468175" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4468175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4468175/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" startId="8.[151,182,1050,1069]" targetBox="[165,1113,217,1016]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BCB36E10002FF88239BFBC15C10DE17" blockId="8.[151,1128,1050,1122]" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">
Fig. 4. Aedeagi of
<taxonomicName id="4C744D620002FF882232FBC05CE7DE58" authorityName="d'Orchymont" authorityYear="1937" box="[318,434,1051,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Phaenostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30002FF882232FBC05CE7DE58" box="[318,434,1051,1069]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">Phaenostoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. A –
<taxonomicName id="4C744D620002FF882127FBC05E75DE58" authority="(Sharp, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[555,800,1050,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Phaenostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="posticatum">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30002FF882127FBC05FF6DE58" box="[555,675,1051,1069]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">P. posticatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B100002FF8821A3FBC15E4EDE58" author="SHARP D." box="[687,795,1050,1069]" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" refId="ref5694" refString="SHARP D. 1887: Insecta. Coleoptera. Vol. 1, part 2 (Haliplidae, Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae, Hydrophilidae, Heteroceridae, Parnidae, Georissidae, Cyathoceridae, Staphylinidae). In: GODMAN F. D. &amp; SALVIN O. (eds.): Biologia Centrali-Americana. Vol. 16. Taylor and Francis, London, xv + 824 pp." type="book" year="1887">Sharp, 1887</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(Costa Rica); B –
<taxonomicName id="4C744D620002FF8820C4FBC0594EDE58" authority="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs, 2010" authorityName="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs" authorityYear="2010" box="[968,1051,1051,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Phaenostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kontax" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30002FF8820C4FBC0594EDE58" box="[968,1051,1051,1069]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">P. kontax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357880002FF88272EFBC1593DDE58" box="[1058,1128,1050,1069]" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype); C –
<taxonomicName id="4C744D620002FF88222FFBEE5CC3DE32" authority="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs, 2010" authorityName="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs" authorityYear="2010" box="[291,406,1077,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Phaenostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stochasma" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30002FF88222FFBEE5CC3DE32" box="[291,406,1077,1095]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">P. stochasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357880002FF882290FBEE5CB7DE3D" box="[412,482,1077,1096]" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype; Costa Rica); D –
<taxonomicName id="4C744D620002FF8821D2FBEE5E04DE32" authority="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs, 2010" authorityName="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs" authorityYear="2010" box="[734,849,1077,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Phaenostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stochasma" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30002FF8821D2FBEE5E04DE32" box="[734,849,1077,1095]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">P. stochasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357880002FF882054FBEE5EC8DE3D" box="[856,925,1077,1096]" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(paratype; Venezuela). Scale bar = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C36E656A0002FF88239BFB1F5FD7DF89" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BCB36E10002FF88239BFB1F5FE0DF68" blockId="8.[151,1127,1220,1532]" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30002FF88239BFB1F5C59DEA9" bold="true" box="[151,268,1220,1244]" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body size 2.8–3.0 mm. Body form weakly convex with elytra apically weakly explanate. Process of the mesoventrite with constriction at suture with metaventrite; suture and form as in
<figureCitation id="134F2A640002FF88223BFADF5CDEDF68" box="[311,395,1284,1309]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[114,146,919,938]" captionTargetBox="[129,1072,219,890]" captionTargetId="figure-237@3.[129,1072,219,890]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Sternal process of Phaenostoma species. A – P. kontax sp. nov.; B – P. posticatum (Sharp, 1887); C – P. stochasma sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4468171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4468171/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
. Aedeagus as in
<figureCitation id="134F2A640002FF882131FADF5F29DF68" box="[573,636,1284,1309]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,182,1050,1069]" captionTargetBox="[165,1113,217,1016]" captionTargetId="figure-147@8.[165,1113,216,1016]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Aedeagi of Phaenostoma species. A – P. posticatum (Sharp, 1887) (Costa Rica); B – P. kontax sp. nov. (holotype); C – P. stochasma sp. nov. (holotype; Costa Rica); D – P. stochasma sp. nov. (paratype; Venezuela). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4468175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4468175/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
C–D.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB36E10002FF8823B9FAFD5FD7DF89" blockId="8.[151,1127,1220,1532]" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">
<taxonomicName id="4C744D620002FF8823B9FAFD5CEADF48" authority="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs, 2010" authorityName="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs" authorityYear="2010" box="[181,447,1318,1341]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Phaenostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stochasma" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30002FF8823B9FAFD5CEADF48" box="[181,447,1318,1341]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">Phaenostoma stochasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357880002FF8822CAFAFE5F4EDF49" box="[454,539,1317,1340]" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C744D620002FF882007FAFD5ECBDF48" baseAuthorityName="Sharp" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[779,926,1318,1341]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Phaenostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="posticatum">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30002FF882007FAFD5ECBDF48" box="[779,926,1318,1341]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">P. posticatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its smaller size and comparatively weakly convex body and weakly explanate elytra apically. It is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C744D620002FF88239BFABD5C20DF08" authority="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs, 2010" authorityName="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs" authorityYear="2010" box="[151,373,1382,1405]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Phaenostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kontax" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30002FF88239BFABD5C20DF08" box="[151,373,1382,1405]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">Phaenostoma kontax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357880002FF882277FABE5C9DDF09" box="[379,456,1381,1404]" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
but can be easily distinguished by its larger size, aedeagus with parameres not strongly curved inward apically, as well as the shape of its sternal process. The anterior hood of the process of the mesoventrite of
<taxonomicName id="4C744D620002FF8821EFFA7D5E24DFC8" authority="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs, 2010" authorityName="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs" authorityYear="2010" box="[739,881,1446,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Phaenostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stochasma" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30002FF8821EFFA7D5E24DFC8" box="[739,881,1446,1469]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">P. stochasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357880002FF88207BFA7E5E9EDFC9" box="[887,971,1445,1468]" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is often on the same plane as the rest of the process, unlike
<taxonomicName id="4C744D620002FF88217CFA1D5F81DFA8" authority="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs, 2010" authorityName="Gustafson &amp; Short &amp; Aezs" authorityYear="2010" box="[624,724,1478,1501]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Phaenostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kontax" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30002FF88217CFA1D5F81DFA8" box="[624,724,1478,1501]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="467">P. kontax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357880002FF8821D7FA1E5E7ADFA9" box="[731,815,1477,1500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="467" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in which the anterior hood is located above the plane of the sternal process.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36E656A0003FF89237DFF005E0ED8E1" pageId="9" pageNumber="468" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCB36E10003FF89237DFF005E02DB21" blockId="9.[113,1089,219,948]" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30003FF89237DFF005DA9DA86" bold="true" box="[113,252,219,243]" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B900EAF30003FF89220EFF065C15DA81" box="[258,320,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Color</emphasis>
. Dorsal surface appearing reddish brown to brown. Elytral and pronotal discs often appearing darker in color than lateral and apical margins. Head often appearing darker than the rest of the body. Ventral surface dark brown to reddish brown. Legs often lighter brown to reddish brown. Tarsi and palps and antennae yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB36E10003FF89239CFE865C75DBE6" blockId="9.[113,1089,219,948]" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30003FF89239CFE865D9FDB01" box="[144,202,349,372]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Head</emphasis>
. Punctation fine with the average distance between punctures ca. 3–4× the diameter of one puncture.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB36E10003FF89239CFE465F7BD821" blockId="9.[113,1089,219,948]" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30003FF89239CFE465D88DBC1" box="[144,221,413,436]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Thorax</emphasis>
. Pronotal punctation fine with greatest distance between punctures ca. 4–5× the diameter of one puncture. Elytral punctation coarse (and weakly impressed) with the average distance punctures ca. 1–2× the diameter of one puncture. Elytral margins apically weakly explanate. Process of the mesoventrite broad and constricted at suture with metaventrite (
<figureCitation id="134F2A640003FF892375FDC75D9BD841" box="[121,206,540,564]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[114,146,919,938]" captionTargetBox="[129,1072,219,890]" captionTargetId="figure-237@3.[129,1072,219,890]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2. Sternal process of Phaenostoma species. A – P. kontax sp. nov.; B – P. posticatum (Sharp, 1887); C – P. stochasma sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4468171" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4468171/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
), with apical hood thickly bordered and frequently appearing on the same level as mesosternal process plane in lateral view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB36E10003FF89239CFD865E0ED8E1" blockId="9.[113,1089,219,948]" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30003FF89239CFD865DA0D801" box="[144,245,605,628]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Abdomen</emphasis>
. Aedeagus with parameres straight along outer margin, slightly curved inward at apex. Median lobe almost reaching apex of parameres (
<figureCitation id="134F2A640003FF8921D6FDA75E1BD8E1" box="[730,846,636,660]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,182,1050,1069]" captionTargetBox="[165,1113,217,1016]" captionTargetId="figure-147@8.[165,1113,216,1016]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Aedeagi of Phaenostoma species. A – P. posticatum (Sharp, 1887) (Costa Rica); B – P. kontax sp. nov. (holotype); C – P. stochasma sp. nov. (holotype; Costa Rica); D – P. stochasma sp. nov. (paratype; Venezuela). Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4468175" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4468175/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Fig. 4C, D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36E656A0003FF89237DFD475C56D881" pageId="9" pageNumber="468" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCB36E10003FF89237DFD475C56D881" blockId="9.[113,1089,219,948]" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30003FF89237DFD475DA6D8C1" bold="true" box="[113,243,668,692]" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Etymology.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B900EAF30003FF8923F6FD465C3BD8C1" box="[250,366,669,692]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Stochasma</emphasis>
is a Greek word meaning an arrow or aimed spear, referring to the spear-shaped process of the metaventrite that is held forward as if aimed. Treated as noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36E656A0003FF89237DFD205FEFD961" box="[113,698,763,788]" pageId="9" pageNumber="468" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BCB36E10003FF89237DFD205FEFD961" blockId="9.[113,1089,219,948]" box="[113,698,763,788]" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30003FF89237DFD205C51D966" bold="true" box="[113,260,763,787]" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Distribution.</emphasis>
Known from
<collectingCountry id="F36376710003FF892296FD275F5BD961" box="[410,526,764,788]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F36376710003FF89214EFD275FE3D961" box="[578,694,764,788]" name="Venezuela" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36E656A0003FF89237DFCC75F3CD9C1" pageId="9" pageNumber="468" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCB36E10003FF89237DFCC75F3CD9C1" blockId="9.[113,1089,219,948]" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">
<emphasis id="B900EAF30003FF89237DFCC75D8BD941" bold="true" box="[113,222,796,820]" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Remarks.</emphasis>
All six known specimens of this species are from different collecting events (indeed, four provinces are represented by the five Costa Rican specimens). While the specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F36376710003FF89237DFC875DB1D901" box="[113,228,860,884]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F36376710003FF892219FC875CD3D901" box="[277,390,860,884]" name="Venezuela" pageId="9" pageNumber="468">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
are very geographically and ecologically distant, we were not able to find any substantive morphological differences between them, including the aedeagus. We suspect the species is more broadly distributed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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