524 lines
66 KiB
XML
524 lines
66 KiB
XML
<document id="D31F44F00CD9B874CAF1D9A2AD174F11" ID-CLB-Dataset="290865" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2024.2314336" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d34c5f65-cf1b-4a35-a093-565178962877" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10818706" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1710236193703" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bastiani, Veluma Ialú Molinari De, Boschetti, Joana Priscilla, Ernetti, Julia Renata, Santos, Tiago Gomes Dos & Lucas, Elaine Maria" docDate="2024" docId="03DD832FCA2DFFF0FF59B5D867C6FB1D" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.58.4-8.285-310.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 58 (5 - 8)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2314336" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pithecopus rusticus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="295" masterDocId="FFE4FB57CA2BFFFBFFF9B01C6662FF92" masterDocTitle="Green, charismatic, microendemic, and threatened: breeding biology of the leaf frog Pithecopus rusticus (Anura: Hylidae: Phyllomedusinae)" masterLastPageNumber="310" masterPageNumber="285" pageNumber="290" updateTime="1710439420856" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="35C7402098C4252732BAC6C818897189">Green, charismatic, microendemic, and threatened: breeding biology of the leaf frog Pithecopus rusticus (Anura: Hylidae: Phyllomedusinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A9634809A77C702570DF67D322856E02">Bastiani, Veluma Ialú Molinari De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5B9E0594C63A42CB9AF9BEDD16293EFE">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EF1B49CBC3CF6E924DAD27C19E2A11E0">Boschetti, Joana Priscilla</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6CD408CCB022CA37AF294755D4E4E572">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, Brazil;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F5208D75331F0062BBA9EA0935BD6513">Ernetti, Julia Renata</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="56CC16DFA04375DE73802D50EB30B0DC">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B13C1DD3C1D0972C29C243A5530E0819">Santos, Tiago Gomes Dos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2F9E637FE1840A237BC0EA3A4FBA35DF">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; & Universidade Federal Do Pampa, São Gabriel, Brasil;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CF90E18F3ABF26A88F1863EBEAAABCD0">Lucas, Elaine Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3F3D253E7D5DD4B4F8B1B39ACBDDA611">Departamento de Zootecnia e Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil & Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="24650A6F01E0DE5A32FD4695A36F1FFC">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="072003194CD1A1A263692B13971367F2">
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<mods:date id="0B19B819593324A53409C0358ADF2D56">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AD9A539048E79946933F46945F941D6B">2024-02-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BF2E6345F9C9CB099FD87C9C6BF5D281">58</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D9FDD06ADD2C0F1DD4E7AF799324B0D3">5 - 8</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="B14B1EEEB31D5E2C7A36CD82BECDF31D">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2314336</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="1419A8DD7308A87480B9088029835037" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DD832FCA2DFFF0FF59B5D867C6FB1D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818750" ID-GBIF-Taxon="223180770" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10818750" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD832FCA2DFFF0FF59B5D867C6FB1D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD832FCA2DFFF0FF59B5D867C6FB1D" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="6" pageNumber="290">
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<subSubSection id="C36E61B2CA2DFFFDFF59B5D8669CFA4D" box="[160,254,1476,1503]" pageId="6" pageNumber="290" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA2DFFFDFF59B5D8669CFA4D" blockId="6.[160,254,1476,1503]" box="[160,254,1476,1503]" pageId="6" pageNumber="290">
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<heading id="D0838555CA2DFFFDFF59B5D8669CFA4D" box="[160,254,1476,1503]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="290" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA2DFFFDFF59B5D8669CFA4D" ID-CoL="4JBPQ" authority="(Bruschi et al. 2014)" baseAuthorityName="Bruschi" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[160,254,1476,1503]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rusticus">
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<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA2DFFFDFF59B5D8669CFA4D" bold="true" box="[160,254,1476,1503]" pageId="6" pageNumber="290">Results</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36E61B2CA2DFFF0FF59B5E66246FD15" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="6" pageNumber="290" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA2DFFF3FF59B5E662E6FC7A" blockId="6.[160,1156,1530,1728]" lastBlockId="8.[160,1156,941,1728]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="292" pageId="6" pageNumber="290">
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We recorded a total of
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<specimenCount id="9D72F9B0CA2DFFFDFE67B5E6679BF981" box="[414,505,1530,1555]" count="91" pageId="6" pageNumber="290" type="adult">91 adult</specimenCount>
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individual of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA2DFFFDFD69B5E66499F981" box="[656,763,1530,1555]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rusticus">
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<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA2DFFFDFD69B5E66499F981" box="[656,763,1530,1555]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="290">P. rusticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D72F9B0CA2DFFFDFCFFB5E6650BF981" box="[774,873,1530,1555]" count="69" pageId="6" pageNumber="290" type="male">69 males</specimenCount>
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and
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<specimenCount id="9D72F9B0CA2DFFFDFC59B5E66275F981" box="[928,1047,1530,1555]" count="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="290" type="female">22 females</specimenCount>
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(
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<tableCitation id="C6F60782CA2DFFFDFBDCB5E66214F981" box="[1061,1142,1530,1555]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[160,216,1476,1499]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Table 1. Number of individuals, males and females and recapture rate of Pithecopus rusticus recorded in the period of October 2015 to January 2021, in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0B62B1CA2FFFFFFF59B5D86758F987" pageId="6" pageNumber="290" tableUuid="DF0B62B1CA2FFFFFFF59B5D86758F987">Table 1</tableCitation>
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). In the 2015/16 breeding season, we recorded 34 individuals, with a recapture rate of 61% (n = 21 individuals); of these, 34.7% (n = 12) were recaptured more than five times in the sampling period (
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<figureCitation id="134F2EBCCA2DFFFDFE91B67E67A7F9E9" box="[360,453,1634,1659]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1402,1425]" captionTargetBox="[164,1143,145,1366]" captionTargetId="figure-85@7.[163,1153,142,1370]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Number of recaptures of each individual in the breeding seasons of 2015/16 (A) and 2017/18 (B) in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818710" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818710/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="290">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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(A)). The Schumacher method estimated a total of 28.9 individuals (25.4–33.8) for this breeding season. In the 2017/18 breeding season, we recorded 21 individuals, with a recapture rate of 57% (n = 12 individuals), and of these, 28.5% (n = 6) were recaptured more than five times in the sampling period (
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<figureCitation id="134F2EBCCA2CFFFCFC93B5E665A5F981" box="[874,967,1530,1555]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1402,1425]" captionTargetBox="[164,1143,145,1366]" captionTargetId="figure-85@7.[163,1153,142,1370]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Number of recaptures of each individual in the breeding seasons of 2015/16 (A) and 2017/18 (B) in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818710" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818710/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="291">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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(B)). Some males were recaptured in the following days during the same effort (month) and in subsequent months and always in the same location. The Schumacher method estimated a total of 21.0 individuals (19.2–23.2) for this breeding season. Individuals captured on the pond were never recaptured in the marsh
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<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA2CFFFCFDCAB699641AF90C" box="[563,632,1669,1694]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="291" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
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away and vice versa. Most recaptures occurred within the same breeding season. In the 2018/19 and 2020/21 breeding seasons, we recorded 13 and 23 individuals, respectively. However, in
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<date id="FFCA14F9CA23FFF3FCDBB3B165B5FC54" box="[802,983,941,966]" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" value="2018-11">November 2018</date>
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, we recaptured two individuals that were tagged during at the previous breeding season (
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<date id="FFCA14F9CA23FFF3FC25B3D36218FC7A" box="[988,1146,975,1000]" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" value="2017-10">October 2017</date>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF0B62B1CA2CFFFCFF59B56665E6FA3C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818710" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10818710" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818710/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="291" startId="7.[160,225,1402,1425]" targetBox="[164,1143,145,1366]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA2CFFFCFF59B56665E6FA3C" blockId="7.[160,1155,1402,1454]" pageId="7" pageNumber="291">
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<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA2CFFFCFF59B566669BFA03" bold="true" box="[160,249,1402,1425]" pageId="7" pageNumber="291">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Number of recaptures of each individual in the breeding seasons of 2015/16 (A) and 2017/18 (B) in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF0B62B1CA23FFF3FF59B2A56495FCF1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818714" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10818714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818714/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" startId="8.[160,225,697,720]" targetBox="[167,1145,145,657]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA23FFF3FF59B2A56495FCF1" blockId="8.[160,1157,697,867]" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">
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<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FF59B2A5669FFD42" bold="true" box="[160,253,697,720]" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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Rose diagram representing the circannual distribution of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA23FFF3FCAAB2A5626EFD42" box="[851,1036,697,720]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rusticus">
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<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FCAAB2A5626EFD42" box="[851,1036,697,720]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">Pithecopus rusticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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abundance recorded in two ponds and one marsh in the breeding seasons of 2015/16 (A) and 2017/18 (B), in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. The angles represent the months (1 month = 30°), the mean angle and the circular standard deviation are shown in red, and the frequency of occurrence at each angle is represented in grey. Illustrative images of calling male, ovulating females and spawning are include in the diagram.
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</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA23FFF3FF39B3EE6493FAB2" blockId="8.[160,1156,941,1728]" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA23FFF3FF39B3EE67FBFB99" box="[192,409,1010,1035]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rusticus">
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<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FF39B3EE67FBFB99" box="[192,409,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">Pithecopus rusticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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showed a pattern of seasonal activity (
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<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FC85B3EE65E8FB99" box="[892,906,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">p</emphasis>
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<.001 according to Rayleigh’s test), with a peak mean abundance in November (
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<figureCitation id="134F2EBCCA23FFF3FC90B40965AAFBBC" box="[873,968,1045,1070]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[160,225,697,720]" captionTargetBox="[167,1145,145,657]" captionTargetId="figure-364@8.[163,1153,142,666]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Rose diagram representing the circannual distribution of Pithecopus rusticus abundance recorded in two ponds and one marsh in the breeding seasons of 2015/16 (A) and 2017/18 (B), in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. The angles represent the months (1 month = 30°), the mean angle and the circular standard deviation are shown in red, and the frequency of occurrence at each angle is represented in grey. Illustrative images of calling male, ovulating females and spawning are include in the diagram." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818714" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818714/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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). The degree of seasonality (r) was high for both breeding seasons 2015/16 and 2017/18 (r = 0.90 and r = 0.85, respectively). Males called from October to January, with greater activity at the beginning of the period (
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<figureCitation id="134F2EBCCA23FFF3FE36B4616452FB04" box="[463,560,1149,1174]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[160,225,758,781]" captionTargetBox="[167,1150,144,721]" captionTargetId="figure-46@9.[163,1153,142,726]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Absolute abundance of Pithecopus rusticus recorded in two ponds and one marsh from September 2015 to February 2016, in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818716" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818716/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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). Variation in abundance of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA23FFF3FC7FB4616595FB04" box="[902,1015,1149,1174]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rusticus">
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<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FC7FB4616595FB04" box="[902,1015,1149,1174]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">P. rusticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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among the sampled nights was significantly related with RH (R
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<superScript id="7C019F71CA23FFF3FD0DB485649CFB3B" attach="left" box="[756,766,1177,1193]" fontSize="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">2</superScript>
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= 0.58; adjusted R
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<superScript id="7C019F71CA23FFF3FC22B4856587FB3B" attach="left" box="[987,997,1177,1193]" fontSize="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">2</superScript>
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= 0.26; F
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<subScript id="17F0307CCA23FFF3FBACB4B662E1FB28" attach="left" box="[1109,1155,1194,1210]" fontSize="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">(4,35)</subScript>
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= 4.49;
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FF02B4DE676BFB49" box="[251,265,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">p</emphasis>
|
||
<.01 and β = 0.57;
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FDF0B4DE6475FB49" box="[521,535,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">p</emphasis>
|
||
<.01). There was no significant influence of rainfall (β = −0.19;
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FEDBB4F96752FB6C" box="[290,304,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">p</emphasis>
|
||
=.24), minimum temperature (β = 0.13;
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FCF8B4F9656DFB6C" box="[769,783,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">p</emphasis>
|
||
=.40) or maximum temperature (β = −0.11;
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FED8B51B674DFAB2" box="[289,303,1287,1312]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">p</emphasis>
|
||
=.64) on the abundance of individuals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA23FFF2FF39B53667BEF922" blockId="8.[160,1156,941,1728]" lastBlockId="9.[160,1156,1618,1712]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="293" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">
|
||
Calling activity also varied throughout the night (F(
|
||
<subScript id="17F0307CCA23FFF3FD07B5286543FAD6" attach="none" box="[766,801,1332,1348]" fontSize="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">2,66</subScript>
|
||
) = 28.57;
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FC69B53665FCFAD1" box="[912,926,1322,1347]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">p</emphasis>
|
||
<.01), since a lower frequency of males called at the beginning of the nocturnal sampling (7pm) than in the middle (9pm) or at the end of this period (11pm) (Tukey
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FCF2B573657BFA1A" box="[779,793,1391,1416]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">p</emphasis>
|
||
<.01 for both comparisons). The frequency of calling males did not varied between the middle (9pm) and the end of the nocturnal sampling period (Tukey
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FDD1B5A96454FA5C" box="[552,566,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">p</emphasis>
|
||
<.01). In addition, the highest frequency of calling males was observed at temperatures between 14 and 16.9°C (61.8%; n = 175), with a peak of activity between 14.0 and 14.9°C (29.3%; n = 83) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2EBCCA23FFF3FD23B5E66556F981" box="[730,820,1530,1555]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1486,1509]" captionTargetBox="[172,1141,906,1446]" captionTargetId="figure-81@9.[162,1152,898,1454]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Relative frequency of the observations of calling males of Pithecopus rusticus regarding the air temperature from September 2015 to February 2016, in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818718" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818718/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). The majority of calling males used mainly leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA23FFF3FE6CB601646CF9A4" box="[405,526,1565,1590]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Fimbristylis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FE6CB601646CF9A4" box="[405,526,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">Fimbristylis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA23FFF3FDE3B60164C2F9A4" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[538,672,1565,1590]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cyperaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
;>50%) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA23FFF3FCD0B6016510F9A4" box="[809,882,1565,1590]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FCD0B6016510F9A4" box="[809,882,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">Juncus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA23FFF3FC87B6016595F9A4" box="[894,1015,1565,1590]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Juncaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; ~20%) from the edges of ponds and marsh (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6F60782CA23FFF3FDE5B6236410F9CA" box="[540,626,1599,1624]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[133,189,744,767]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Table 2. Characteristics of environmental use by Pithecopus rusticus in two ponds and a marsh studied from October 2015 to January 2016 in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. N: number of individuals. Perch height: mean ± standard deviation (minimum–maximum). Edge distance: mean ± standard deviation (minimum–maximum; number of individuals). FO: frequency of occurrence." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0B62B1CA21FFF1FF7CB2F465B6FCA8" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" tableUuid="DF0B62B1CA21FFF1FF7CB2F465B6FCA8">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). However, males also used leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA23FFF3FBC8B62362E1F9CA" box="[1073,1155,1599,1624]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FBC8B62362E1F9CA" box="[1073,1155,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">Senecio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA23FFF3FF5FB67E6746F9E9" box="[166,292,1634,1659]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA23FFF3FE98B67E67B6F9E9" box="[353,468,1634,1659]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Eriocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA23FFF3FE98B67E67B6F9E9" box="[353,468,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="292">Eriocaulon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA23FFF3FE19B67E641FF9E9" box="[480,637,1634,1659]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Eriocaulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) as calling sites (<30%). Calling males perched at heights of 16.00 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA23FFF3FE7FB6996788F90C" box="[390,490,1669,1694]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.009" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" unit="cm" value="10.09">10.09 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA23FFF3FE0FB699643AF90C" box="[502,600,1669,1694]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" unit="cm" value="17.0" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="1.0">1–33 cm</quantity>
|
||
; n = 17) and at distances of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA23FFF3FC7CB6996239F90C" box="[901,1115,1669,1694]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7426" metricValueMax="3.9302" metricValueMin="1.555" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" unit="cm" value="274.26" valueMax="393.02" valueMin="155.5">155.50 ± 393.02 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA23FFF3FB9EB6996760F952" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.025" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="0.05" pageId="8" pageNumber="292" unit="cm" value="702.5" valueMax="1400.0" valueMin="5.0">5– 1400 cm</quantity>
|
||
; n = 12) from the edges to the centre of the pond. Non-calling males showed the same pattern in vegetation use and were perched at heights of 18.50 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA22FFF2FC17B64E622BF9F9" box="[1006,1097,1618,1643]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.89" pageId="9" pageNumber="293" unit="cm" value="9.89">9.89 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA22FFF2FBA3B64E668EF91C" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="293" unit="cm" value="20.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="10.0">10– 30 cm</quantity>
|
||
; n = 4;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6F60782CA22FFF2FEB7B66967C6F91C" box="[334,420,1653,1678]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[133,189,744,767]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Table 2. Characteristics of environmental use by Pithecopus rusticus in two ponds and a marsh studied from October 2015 to January 2016 in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. N: number of individuals. Perch height: mean ± standard deviation (minimum–maximum). Edge distance: mean ± standard deviation (minimum–maximum; number of individuals). FO: frequency of occurrence." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0B62B1CA21FFF1FF7CB2F465B6FCA8" pageId="9" pageNumber="293" tableUuid="DF0B62B1CA21FFF1FF7CB2F465B6FCA8">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). The distance from the edges to the centre of the pond was 6 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA22FFF2FF34B68B6747F922" box="[205,293,1687,1712]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.24" pageId="9" pageNumber="293" unit="cm" value="4.24">4.24 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA22FFF2FECAB68B67EBF922" box="[307,393,1687,1712]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="293" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="3.0">3–9 cm</quantity>
|
||
; n = 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B62B1CA22FFF2FF59B2EA66B9FCD5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818716" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10818716" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818716/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="293" startId="9.[160,225,758,781]" targetBox="[167,1150,144,721]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA22FFF2FF59B2EA66B9FCD5" blockId="9.[160,1155,758,839]" pageId="9" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA22FFF2FF59B2EA669FFC9F" bold="true" box="[160,253,758,781]" pageId="9" pageNumber="293">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Absolute abundance of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA22FFF2FE02B2EA64D6FC9F" box="[507,692,758,781]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="293" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rusticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA22FFF2FE02B2EA64D6FC9F" box="[507,692,758,781]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="293">Pithecopus rusticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
recorded in two ponds and one marsh from September 2015 to February 2016, in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B62B1CA22FFF2FF59B5D267B3F98D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818718" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10818718" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818718/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="293" startId="9.[160,225,1486,1509]" targetBox="[172,1141,906,1446]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA22FFF2FF59B5D267B3F98D" blockId="9.[160,1155,1486,1567]" pageId="9" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA22FFF2FF59B5D26698FA77" bold="true" box="[160,250,1486,1509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="293">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Relative frequency of the observations of calling males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA22FFF2FCC6B5D26597FA77" box="[831,1013,1486,1509]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="293" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rusticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA22FFF2FCC6B5D26597FA77" box="[831,1013,1486,1509]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="293">Pithecopus rusticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
regarding the air temperature from September 2015 to February 2016, in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B62B1CA21FFF1FF7CB2F465B6FCA8" ID-Table-UUID="DF0B62B1CA21FFF1FF7CB2F465B6FCA8" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0B62B1CA21FFF1FF7CB2F465B6FCA8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294" startId="10.[133,189,744,767]" targetBox="[144,1763,839,1188]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="10" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA21FFF1FF7CB2F465B6FCA8" blockId="10.[133,1781,744,826]" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA21FFF1FF7CB2F466B4FD6D" bold="true" box="[133,214,744,767]" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Table 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Characteristics of environmental use by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA21FFF1FD90B2F4657DFD6D" box="[617,799,744,767]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rusticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA21FFF1FD90B2F4657DFD6D" box="[617,799,744,767]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Pithecopus rusticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in two ponds and a marsh studied from October 2015 to January 2016 in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. N: number of individuals. Perch height: mean ± standard deviation (minimum–maximum). Edge distance: mean ± standard deviation (minimum–maximum; number of individuals). FO: frequency of occurrence.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA21FFF1FD5BB35B6046FB36" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<table id="F974C099CA210004FF69B35B6081FB36" box="[144,1763,839,1188]" gridcols="16" gridrows="9" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<tr id="3544307BCA210004FF69B35B6081FCC9" box="[144,1763,839,859]" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="294" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-14="1" rowspan-15="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th id="76955907CA210004FD5BB35B6538FCC9" box="[674,858,839,859]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Location of vegetation</th>
|
||
<th id="76955907CA210004FAF0B35B63E2FCC9" box="[1289,1408,839,859]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="12" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Substrate</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3544307BCA210004FF69B3436081FCE1" box="[144,1763,863,883]" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="294" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FEA4B343642EFCE1" box="[349,588,863,883]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Substrate (%)</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD5BB3436538FCE1" box="[674,858,863,883]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">in pond (%)</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FC93B343625EFCE1" box="[874,1084,863,883]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Height of vegetation (%)</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAF0B34363E2FCE1" box="[1289,1408,863,883]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="12" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">below perch</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FA58B3436081FCE1" box="[1441,1763,863,883]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="14" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Distance from pond margin (cm)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3544307BCA210004FF69B39C6081FC06" box="[144,1763,896,916]" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="294" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-11="1" rowspan-12="1" rowspan-14="1" rowspan-15="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FEA4B39C67A0FC06" box="[349,450,896,916]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Leaves</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FE2EB39C642EFC06" box="[471,588,896,916]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Thin branches</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD98B39C64ECFC06" box="[609,654,896,916]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Moist</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAAAB39C63E2FC06" box="[1363,1408,896,916]" gridcol="13" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Moist</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3544307BCA210004FF69B38B6081FC3E" box="[144,1763,919,940]" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FED5B38B6728FC3E" box="[300,330,919,940]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">N</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FEA4B38B67A0FC3E" box="[349,450,919,940]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA21FFF1FE9AB38467DFFC3E" box="[355,445,920,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Fimbristylis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="294" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA21FFF1FE9AB38467DFFC3E" box="[355,445,920,940]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Fimbristylis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FE2EB38B642EFC3E" box="[471,588,919,940]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA21FFF1FE0FB38B644EFC39" box="[502,556,919,939]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="294" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA21FFF1FE0FB38B644EFC39" box="[502,556,919,939]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Juncus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD98B38B64ECFC3E" box="[609,654,919,940]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">soil</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD5BB38B64ADFC3E" box="[674,719,919,940]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Edge</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD26B38B657AFC3E" box="[735,792,919,940]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Middle</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FCD1B38B6538FC3E" box="[808,858,919,940]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Marsh</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FC93B38B65D7FC3E" box="[874,949,919,940]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Creeping</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FC3CB38B626BFC3E" box="[965,1033,919,940]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Medium</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FBE0B38B625EFC3E" box="[1049,1084,919,940]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Tall</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FBB5B38B629BFC3E" box="[1100,1273,919,940]" gridcol="11" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Height of perch (cm)</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAF0B38B6322FC3E" box="[1289,1344,919,940]" gridcol="12" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Water</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAAAB38B63E2FC3E" box="[1363,1408,919,940]" gridcol="13" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">soil</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FA58B38B604DFC3E" box="[1441,1583,919,940]" gridcol="14" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Inner</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004F9ACB38B6081FC3E" box="[1621,1763,919,940]" gridcol="15" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Outer</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3544307BCA210004FF69B3A46081FC76" box="[144,1763,952,996]" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<th id="76955907CA210004FF69B3A4676FFC76" box="[144,269,952,996]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Calling males</th>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FED5B3A46728FC76" box="[300,330,952,996]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">17</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FEA4B3A467A0FC76" box="[349,450,952,996]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">82.35</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FE2EB3A4642EFC76" box="[471,588,952,996]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">17.64</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD98B3A464ECFC76" box="[609,654,952,996]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD5BB3A464ADFC76" box="[674,719,952,996]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">70.58</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD26B3A4657AFC76" box="[735,792,952,996]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">29.41</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FCD1B3A46538FC76" box="[808,858,952,996]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">5.88</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FC93B3A465D7FC76" box="[874,949,952,996]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">64.70</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FC3CB3A4626BFC76" box="[965,1033,952,996]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">29.41</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FBE0B3A4625EFC76" box="[1049,1084,952,996]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">5.88</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FBB5B3A4629BFC76" box="[1100,1273,952,996]" gridcol="11" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">16.00 ± 10.09 (1–33)</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAF0B3A46322FC76" box="[1289,1344,952,996]" gridcol="12" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">94.11</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAAAB3A463E2FC76" box="[1363,1408,952,996]" gridcol="13" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">5.88</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FA58B3A4604DFC76" box="[1441,1583,952,996]" gridcol="14" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">155.50 ± 393.02 (5–1400; N = 12)</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004F9ACB3A46081FC76" box="[1621,1763,952,996]" gridcol="15" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">301.40 ± 670.04 (0–1500; N = 5)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3544307BCA210004FF69B3F46081FB86" box="[144,1763,1000,1044]" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<th id="76955907CA210004FF69B3F4676FFB86" box="[144,269,1000,1044]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Non-calling males</th>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FED5B3F46728FB86" box="[300,330,1000,1044]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FEA4B3F467A0FB86" box="[349,450,1000,1044]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">75</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FE2EB3F4642EFB86" box="[471,588,1000,1044]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">25</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD98B3F464ECFB86" box="[609,654,1000,1044]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD5BB3F464ADFB86" box="[674,719,1000,1044]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">75</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD26B3F4657AFB86" box="[735,792,1000,1044]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FCD1B3F46538FB86" box="[808,858,1000,1044]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">25</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FC93B3F465D7FB86" box="[874,949,1000,1044]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">75</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FC3CB3F4626BFB86" box="[965,1033,1000,1044]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">25</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FBE0B3F4625EFB86" box="[1049,1084,1000,1044]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FBB5B3F4629BFB86" box="[1100,1273,1000,1044]" gridcol="11" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">18.50 ± 9.89 (10–30)</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAF0B3F46322FB86" box="[1289,1344,1000,1044]" gridcol="12" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">75</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAAAB3F463E2FB86" box="[1363,1408,1000,1044]" gridcol="13" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">25</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FA58B3F4604DFB86" box="[1441,1583,1000,1044]" gridcol="14" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">6 ± 4.24 (3–9; N = 2)</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004F9ACB3F46081FB86" box="[1621,1763,1000,1044]" gridcol="15" gridrow="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">35 ± 21.21 (20–50; N = 2)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3544307BCA210004FF69B4046081FBD6" box="[144,1763,1048,1092]" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<th id="76955907CA210004FF69B404676FFBD6" box="[144,269,1048,1092]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Recaptured males (FO)</th>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FED5B4046728FBD6" box="[300,330,1048,1092]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">111</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FEA4B40467A0FBD6" box="[349,450,1048,1092]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">71.17</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FE2EB404642EFBD6" box="[471,588,1048,1092]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">27.92</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD98B40464ECFBD6" box="[609,654,1048,1092]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">0.90</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD5BB40464ADFBD6" box="[674,719,1048,1092]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">67.27</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD26B404657AFBD6" box="[735,792,1048,1092]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">30.91</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FCD1B4046538FBD6" box="[808,858,1048,1092]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">1.82</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FC93B40465D7FBD6" box="[874,949,1048,1092]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">20.91</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FC3CB404626BFBD6" box="[965,1033,1048,1092]" gridcol="9" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">78.18</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FBE0B404625EFBD6" box="[1049,1084,1048,1092]" gridcol="10" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">0.91</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FBB5B404629BFBD6" box="[1100,1273,1048,1092]" gridcol="11" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">15.8 ± 10.3 (0–65)</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAF0B4046322FBD6" box="[1289,1344,1048,1092]" gridcol="12" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">92.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAAAB40463E2FBD6" box="[1363,1408,1048,1092]" gridcol="13" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">7.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FA58B404604DFBD6" box="[1441,1583,1048,1092]" gridcol="14" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">246.90 ± 534.50 (1–2500; N = 97)</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004F9ACB4046081FBD6" box="[1621,1763,1048,1092]" gridcol="15" gridrow="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">290.30 ± 628.80 (2–1800; N = 11)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3544307BCA210004FF69B4546081FBE6" box="[144,1763,1096,1140]" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<th id="76955907CA210004FF69B454676FFBE6" box="[144,269,1096,1140]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Females</th>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FED5B4546728FBE6" box="[300,330,1096,1140]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">13</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FEA4B45467A0FBE6" box="[349,450,1096,1140]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">84.61</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FE2EB454642EFBE6" box="[471,588,1096,1140]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">15.38</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD98B45464ECFBE6" box="[609,654,1096,1140]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD5BB45464ADFBE6" box="[674,719,1096,1140]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">69.23</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD26B454657AFBE6" box="[735,792,1096,1140]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">30.77</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FCD1B4546538FBE6" box="[808,858,1096,1140]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FC93B45465D7FBE6" box="[874,949,1096,1140]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">7.69</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FC3CB454626BFBE6" box="[965,1033,1096,1140]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">84.61</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FBE0B454625EFBE6" box="[1049,1084,1096,1140]" gridcol="10" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">7.69</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FBB5B454629BFBE6" box="[1100,1273,1096,1140]" gridcol="11" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">24.8 ± 17.2 (0–54)</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAF0B4546322FBE6" box="[1289,1344,1096,1140]" gridcol="12" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">92.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAAAB45463E2FBE6" box="[1363,1408,1096,1140]" gridcol="13" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">7.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FA58B454604DFBE6" box="[1441,1583,1096,1140]" gridcol="14" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">173.70 ± 433.00 (2–1400; N = 10)</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004F9ACB4546081FBE6" box="[1621,1763,1096,1140]" gridcol="15" gridrow="7" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">7.00 ± 9.90 (0–14; N = 2)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3544307BCA210004FF69B4646081FB36" box="[144,1763,1144,1188]" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<th id="76955907CA210004FF69B464676FFB36" box="[144,269,1144,1188]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">Recaptured females (FO)</th>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FED5B4646728FB36" box="[300,330,1144,1188]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FEA4B46467A0FB36" box="[349,450,1144,1188]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">50.00</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FE2EB464642EFB36" box="[471,588,1144,1188]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">50.00</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD98B46464ECFB36" box="[609,654,1144,1188]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD5BB46464ADFB36" box="[674,719,1144,1188]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">25</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FD26B464657AFB36" box="[735,792,1144,1188]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">75</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FCD1B4646538FB36" box="[808,858,1144,1188]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FC93B46465D7FB36" box="[874,949,1144,1188]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FC3CB464626BFB36" box="[965,1033,1144,1188]" gridcol="9" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">100</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FBE0B464625EFB36" box="[1049,1084,1144,1188]" gridcol="10" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FBB5B464629BFB36" box="[1100,1273,1144,1188]" gridcol="11" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">19.7 ± 9.2 (8–28)</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAF0B4646322FB36" box="[1289,1344,1144,1188]" gridcol="12" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">100</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FAAAB46463E2FB36" box="[1363,1408,1144,1188]" gridcol="13" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004FA58B464604DFB36" box="[1441,1583,1144,1188]" gridcol="14" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">30.70 ± 18.90 (16–52; N = 3)</td>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA21FFF1F988B46460A5FB1E" box="[1649,1735,1144,1164]" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<td id="76955907CA210004F9ACB4646081FB36" box="[1621,1763,1144,1188]" gridcol="15" gridrow="8" pageId="10" pageNumber="294">10 (N = 1)</td>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B62B1CA20FFF0FF59B0926251FF72" ID-Table-UUID="DF0B62B1CA20FFF0FF59B0926251FF72" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0B62B1CA20FFF0FF59B0926251FF72" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" startId="11.[160,216,142,165]" targetBox="[171,1144,237,347]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="11" targetType="table">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA20FFF0FF59B0926251FF72" blockId="11.[160,1156,142,224]" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA20FFF0FF59B0926692FF37" bold="true" box="[160,240,142,165]" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Table 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Mean ± standard deviation (SD) and range of snout–vent length (SVL, mm) and weight (g) of males and females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA20FFF0FE77B0B76428FF50" box="[398,586,171,194]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rusticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA20FFF0FE77B0B76428FF50" box="[398,586,171,194]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Pithecopus rusticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
recorded from October 2015 to January 2021, in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. N = number of individuals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA20FFF0FE78B0F1621AFEC8" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<table id="F974C099CA200004FF52B0F1621AFEC9" box="[171,1144,237,347]" gridcols="9" gridrows="4" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<tr id="3544307BCA200004FF52B0F1621AFE93" box="[171,1144,237,257]" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="76955907CA200004FEBFB0F1645BFE93" box="[326,569,237,257]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Females</th>
|
||
<th id="76955907CA200004FD60B0F165E9FE93" box="[665,907,237,257]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Males</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3544307BCA200004FF52B112621AFEB0" box="[171,1144,270,290]" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FEF5B1126742FEB0" box="[268,288,270,290]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">N</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FEBFB11267CDFEB0" box="[326,431,270,290]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Mean ± SD</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FE2CB112645BFEB0" box="[469,569,270,290]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Range</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FDA6B1126411FEB0" box="[607,627,270,290]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">N</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FD60B1126563FEB0" box="[665,769,270,290]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Mean ± SD</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FCDEB11265E9FEB0" box="[807,907,270,290]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Range</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FC48B112624FFEB0" box="[945,1069,270,290]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Test</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FBAAB112621AFEB0" box="[1107,1144,270,290]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">P</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3544307BCA200004FF52B132621AFED1" box="[171,1144,302,323]" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<th id="76955907CA200004FF52B1326685FED1" box="[171,231,302,323]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">SVL</th>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FEF5B1326742FED1" box="[268,288,302,323]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">21</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FEBFB13267CDFED1" box="[326,431,302,323]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">41.58 ± 2.57</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FE2CB132645BFED1" box="[469,569,302,323]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">35.98–48.65</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FDA6B1326411FED1" box="[607,627,302,323]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">64</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FD60B1326563FED1" box="[665,769,302,323]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">36.08 ± 2.11</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FCDEB13265E9FED1" box="[807,907,302,323]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">29.73–40.07</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FC48B132624FFED1" box="[945,1069,302,323]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">F(1,83) = 95.95</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FBAAB132621AFED1" box="[1107,1144,302,323]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="295"><.01</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3544307BCA200004FF52B15A621AFEC9" box="[171,1144,326,347]" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<th id="76955907CA200004FF52B15A6685FEC9" box="[171,231,326,347]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Weight</th>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FEF5B15A6742FEC9" box="[268,288,326,347]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">21</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FEBFB15A67CDFEC9" box="[326,431,326,347]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">6.23 ± 1.00</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FE2CB15A645BFEC9" box="[469,569,326,347]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">4.50–8.50</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FDA6B15A6411FEC9" box="[607,627,326,347]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">64</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FD60B15A6563FEC9" box="[665,769,326,347]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">3.00 ± 0.56</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FCDEB15A65E9FEC9" box="[807,907,326,347]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">1.60–5.10</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FC48B15A624FFEC9" box="[945,1069,326,347]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">F(1,83) = 339.91</td>
|
||
<td id="76955907CA200004FBAAB15A621AFEC9" box="[1107,1144,326,347]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="295"><.01</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA20FFF0FF39B1826246FD15" blockId="11.[160,1157,414,1167]" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">
|
||
Females also used mainly leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA20FFF0FDAAB18264ADFE25" box="[595,719,414,439]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Fimbristylis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA20FFF0FDAAB18264ADFE25" box="[595,719,414,439]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Fimbristylis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(>50%) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA20FFF0FCA6B18265C8FE25" box="[863,938,414,439]" class="Liliopsida" family="Juncaceae" genus="Juncus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA20FFF0FCA6B18265C8FE25" box="[863,938,414,439]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Juncus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(about 15%) at the edge of pond and marsh, perched at 24.80 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA20FFF0FD5AB1DC6568FE4B" box="[675,778,448,473]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" unit="cm" value="17.2">17.20 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA20FFF0FCEEB1DC651EFE4B" box="[791,892,448,473]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" unit="cm" value="27.0" valueMax="54.0" valueMin="0.0">0–54 cm</quantity>
|
||
; n = 13) high. Likewise, in a smaller proportion (>20%), they used leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA20FFF0FD17B1FF6520FE6E" box="[750,834,483,508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA20FFF0FD17B1FF6520FE6E" box="[750,834,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Senecio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA20FFF0FCB7B1FF65ADFE6E" box="[846,975,483,508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA20FFF0FBF7B1FF62E1FE6E" box="[1038,1155,483,508]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Eriocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA20FFF0FBF7B1FF62E1FE6E" box="[1038,1155,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Eriocaulon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA20FFF0FF5FB21A672BFD8D" box="[166,329,518,543]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Eriocaulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Most of the females’ perches were established at 173.70 ± 433.00 cm (
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA20FFF0FB9EB21A6766FDD3" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.01" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="0.02" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" unit="cm" value="701.0" valueMax="1400.0" valueMin="2.0">2– 1400 cm</quantity>
|
||
; n = 10) from the edges to the centre of the pond, and few (n = 2) were found outside the edges at 7.00 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA20FFF0FE15B2576424FDF6" box="[492,582,587,612]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" unit="cm" value="9.9">9.90 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA20FFF0FDAEB25764DFFDF6" box="[599,701,587,612]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" unit="cm" value="7.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="0.0">0–14 cm</quantity>
|
||
; n = 2). Recaptured males and females showed the same pattern of microhabitat use as in the first captures (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6F60782CA20FFF0FC3AB2726275FD15" box="[963,1047,622,647]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[133,189,744,767]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Table 2. Characteristics of environmental use by Pithecopus rusticus in two ponds and a marsh studied from October 2015 to January 2016 in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. N: number of individuals. Perch height: mean ± standard deviation (minimum–maximum). Edge distance: mean ± standard deviation (minimum–maximum; number of individuals). FO: frequency of occurrence." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0B62B1CA21FFF1FF7CB2F465B6FCA8" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" tableUuid="DF0B62B1CA21FFF1FF7CB2F465B6FCA8">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E61B2CA20FFF0FF39B28C67C6FB1D" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB3239CA20FFF0FF39B28C67C6FB1D" blockId="11.[160,1157,414,1167]" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">
|
||
Females were larger and heavier than males (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6F60782CA20FFF0FD47B28C6572FD3B" box="[702,784,656,681]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="11.[160,216,142,165]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Table 3. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) and range of snout–vent length (SVL, mm) and weight (g) of males and females of Pithecopus rusticus recorded from October 2015 to January 2021, in the municipality of Água Doce, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. N = number of individuals." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0B62B1CA20FFF0FF59B0926251FF72" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" tableUuid="DF0B62B1CA20FFF0FF59B0926251FF72">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2EBCCA20FFF0FCE4B28C651BFD3B" box="[797,889,656,681]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[162,227,1712,1735]" captionTargetBox="[171,1148,1289,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-474@11.[165,1155,1284,1680]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Pithecopus rusticus pairs in amplexus (A) and spawning in Senecio leaf (B). Photos: VIMB (A) and JPB (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818720/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
(A)). The OSR was male-skewed, with 0.27 (± 0.22, 0–0.50, n = 4) females to each male in the 2015/16 breeding season and 0.17 (± 0.21, 0–0.44, n = 4) females in the 2017/18 breeding season. We observed spawning in
|
||
<date id="FFCA14F9CA20FFF0FE57B2E46407FC83" box="[430,613,760,785]" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" value="2015-12">December 2015</date>
|
||
(n = 16),
|
||
<date id="FFCA14F9CA20FFF0FD1AB2E465E3FC83" box="[739,897,760,785]" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" value="2017-10">October 2017</date>
|
||
(n = 6),
|
||
<date id="FFCA14F9CA20FFF0FC08B2E4672DFCA6" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" value="2020-10" valueMax="2020-12-31" valueMin="2020-10-00">October and December 2020</date>
|
||
(n = 2 and n = 7, respectively) and
|
||
<date id="FFCA14F9CA20FFF0FD24B307650DFCA6" box="[733,879,795,820]" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" value="2021-01">January 2021</date>
|
||
(n = 1) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2EBCCA20FFF0FC36B307624BFCA6" box="[975,1065,795,820]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[162,227,1712,1735]" captionTargetBox="[171,1148,1289,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-474@11.[165,1155,1284,1680]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Pithecopus rusticus pairs in amplexus (A) and spawning in Senecio leaf (B). Photos: VIMB (A) and JPB (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818720/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
(B)). The spawning consisted of yellowish eggs, surrounded by gelatinous capsules. The spawns contained a mean of 43.00 ± 5.28 eggs (26–46; n = 13), with a diameter of 3.26 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA20FFF0FBDBB37C62E1FCEB" box="[1058,1155,864,889]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="0.45">0.45 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA20FFF0FF5CB39F6727FC0E" box="[165,325,899,924]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.535" metricValueMax="4.19" metricValueMin="2.88" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="3.535" valueMax="4.19" valueMin="2.88">2.88–4.19 mm</quantity>
|
||
; n = 13). Most of the spawns were found on leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA20FFF0FC5BB39F6591FC0E" box="[930,1011,899,924]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA20FFF0FC5BB39F6591FC0E" box="[930,1011,899,924]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Senecio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n = 26) and some on leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA20FFF0FE97B3BA67BCFC2D" box="[366,478,934,959]" class="Liliopsida" family="Eriocaulaceae" genus="Eriocaulon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA20FFF0FE97B3BA67BCFC2D" box="[366,478,934,959]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Eriocaulon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n = 5).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7449BACA20FFF0FDC3B3BA6561FC2D" box="[570,771,934,959]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Pithecopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rusticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EE2BCA20FFF0FDC3B3BA6561FC2D" box="[570,771,934,959]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Pithecopus rusticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
used only one folded leaf for each egg-laying (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2EBCCA20FFF0FEDBB3D4671EFC73" box="[290,380,968,993]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[162,227,1712,1735]" captionTargetBox="[171,1148,1289,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-474@11.[165,1155,1284,1680]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Pithecopus rusticus pairs in amplexus (A) and spawning in Senecio leaf (B). Photos: VIMB (A) and JPB (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10818720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10818720/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="295">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
(B);
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6F60782CA20FFF0FE5DB3D46797FC73" box="[420,501,968,993]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="12.[133,189,508,531]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Table 4. Morphometric data and microenvironment of species of the genus Pithecopus. SVL = snout–vent length; M = males; F = females. *Haddad and Prado (2005)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0B62B1CA27FFF7FF7CB1E066ABFDA3" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" tableUuid="DF0B62B1CA27FFF7FF7CB1E066ABFDA3">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). The spawns were hanging over the water (88%; n = 14) or on the water’s edge (13%; n = 2). The mean distance from spawns to the edge was 19.00 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA20FFF0FEFDB412670CFBB5" box="[260,366,1038,1063]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.218" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" unit="cm" value="22.18">22.18 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA20FFF0FE79B4126466FBB5" box="[384,516,1038,1063]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2505" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.001" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" unit="cm" value="1250.5" valueMax="2500.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2500 cm</quantity>
|
||
; n = 10) for those located internally to the edge and 17.00 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA20FFF0FF0EB42C6738FBDB" box="[247,346,1072,1097]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.645" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" unit="cm" value="16.45">16.45 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA20FFF0FE9FB42C67A4FBDB" box="[358,454,1072,1097]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" unit="cm" value="26.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="2.0">2–50 cm</quantity>
|
||
; n = 6) for those located externally. The spawns were at a height of 23.50 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA20FFF0FEE5B44F6717FBFE" box="[284,373,1107,1132]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.41" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" unit="cm" value="6.41">6.41 cm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9FDCCA20FFF0FE7DB44F6794FBFE" box="[388,502,1107,1132]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="295" unit="cm" value="25.5" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="15.0">15–36 cm</quantity>
|
||
; n = 16) above the water surface (81.25%; n = 13) or wet ground (18.75%; n = 3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |