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<document id="4EF4FFB8C16521A4E76EB47077F5AA49" ID-CLB-Dataset="46226" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3779.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="41b9d971-197b-41b4-89df-5160e209981f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="252252" ID-ZooBank="17D92CCD-AEC6-47A4-9D47-09756607048E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460397079819" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Boucher, Stéphanie &amp; Wheeler, Terry A." docDate="2014" docId="039687D1FF88FFCEFF47FBB9DC94FCE2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03779p176.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3779 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Liriomyza biensis Boucher, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="167" masterDocId="FFAFFFA9FF81FFC4FFD0FFC4D805FFDA" masterDocTitle="Neotropical Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the Mission Géodésique de lÉquateur: Becker (1920) revisited" masterLastPageNumber="176" masterPageNumber="157" pageNumber="166" updateTime="1698298796234" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="563036F820A152DE0AA4FAE6F0241C85">Neotropical Agromyzidae (Diptera) of the Mission Géodésique de lÉquateur: Becker (1920) revisited</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0A54A3DD52BB03714EFBC5439257586D">Boucher, Stéphanie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9207560CE84CDF3C4C2DC1302B77F5B1">Wheeler, Terry A.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="039687D1FF88FFCEFF47FBB9DC94FCE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6141295" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119418340" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6141295" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039687D1FF88FFCEFF47FBB9DC94FCE2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687D1FF88FFCEFF47FBB9DC94FCE2" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<subSubSection id="C325654CFF88FFCDFF47FBB9DAAFFB24" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF88FFCDFF47FBB9DA23FB42" blockId="9.[151,550,1149,1209]" box="[151,550,1149,1176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<heading id="D0C881ABFF88FFCDFF47FBB9DA23FB42" bold="true" box="[151,550,1149,1176]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF88FFCDFF47FBB9DA23FB42" bold="true" box="[151,550,1149,1176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF88FFCDFF47FBB9D9D8FB42" ID-CoL="9HWYF" authority="Boucher" authorityName="Boucher" box="[151,477,1149,1176]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF88FFCDFF47FBB9D96EFB4D" bold="true" box="[151,363,1149,1175]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Liriomyza biensis</emphasis>
Boucher
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27857AEFF88FFCDFE33FBBADA23FB42" box="[483,550,1150,1176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF88FFCDFF47FB64D92BFB63" blockId="9.[151,550,1149,1209]" box="[151,302,1184,1209]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
(
<figureCitation id="13042A42FF88FFCDFF4FFB64D923FB63" box="[159,294,1184,1209]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 31" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[298,1280,884,1825]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[292,1284,877,1834]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 28 31. Liriomyza biensis Boucher, (28) phallus, lateral. Inset shows freshly dissected specimen, (29) phallus, ventral. Inset shows freshly dissected specimen, (30) epandrium and surstyli, (31) ejaculatory apodeme. Scale bars = 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252259/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 2831</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF88FFCDFF47FB2DDAAFFB24" blockId="9.[151,682,1256,1278]" box="[151,682,1256,1278]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF88FFCDFF47FB2DD99BFB24" authority="Meigen" authorityName="Meigen" box="[151,414,1256,1278]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Agromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF88FFCDFF47FB2DD94DFB24" box="[151,328,1256,1278]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Agromyza pusilla</emphasis>
Meigen
</taxonomicName>
, of
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FF88FFCDFE13FB2CDA52FB24" author="Becker" box="[451,599,1256,1278]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" refString="Becker, T. (1920) Dipteres brachyceres. In: Mission du Service Geographique de l'Armee pour la mesure d'un arc de Meridien Equatoriel en Amerique du Sud sous le controle scientifique de l'Academie des Sciences, 1899 - 1906. Tome 10. Entomologie. - Botanique. Fascicule 2. - Opiliones. - Dipteres. - Myriapodes. [1919]. Gauthier-Villars, Paris. pp. 163 - 215." type="book chapter" year="1920">Becker (1920)</bibRefCitation>
, in part.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C325654CFF88FFCDFF47FAEFDB3CFA9E" box="[151,825,1323,1348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF88FFCDFF47FAEFDB3CFA9E" blockId="9.[151,1436,1323,2032]" box="[151,825,1323,1348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<typeStatus id="54848865FF88FFCDFF47FAEFD901FA9E" box="[151,260,1323,1348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF88FFCDFF47FAEFD901FA9E" bold="true" box="[151,260,1323,1348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Holotype</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
♂.
<collectingCountry id="F3287657FF88FFCDFEFEFAEFD991FA9E" box="[302,404,1323,1348]" name="Ecuador" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF88FFCDFEFEFAEFD991FA9E" bold="true" box="[302,404,1323,1348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Ecuador</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
: Tulcan, Dr. G. Rivet 1902 (
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE02FF88FFCDFD01FAE8DB28FA9E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[721,813,1324,1348]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">MNHN</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C325654CFF88FFCDFF17FA8BDA7CFA6A" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF88FFCDFF17FA8BDA7CFA6A" blockId="9.[151,1436,1323,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF88FFCDFF17FA8BD943FAB2" bold="true" box="[199,326,1359,1384]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Etymology</emphasis>
. The species name is derived from the Latin
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF88FFCDFC80FA8BDB63FAB2" box="[848,870,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">bi</emphasis>
(double) and
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF88FFCDFBD8FA94DC45FABD" box="[1032,1088,1360,1383]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">ensis</emphasis>
(sword), referring to the large spine on the surstylus and on the posteroventral margin of the epandrium. The name also reflects the similarity with the Nearctic species
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF88FFCDFEAEFA5CDA7CFA6A" authority="Spencer." authorityName="Spencer." box="[382,633,1432,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monoensis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF88FFCDFEAEFA5CDA14FA75" box="[382,529,1432,1455]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">L. monoensis</emphasis>
Spencer.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C325654CFF88FFCDFF17FA7FDC0DF9C6" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF88FFCDFF17FA7FDC0DF9C6" blockId="9.[151,1436,1323,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF88FFCDFF17FA7FD93FFA0E" bold="true" box="[199,314,1467,1492]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. This species can be distinguished from other Neotropical
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF88FFCDFC02FA78DC41FA09" box="[978,1092,1468,1491]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF88FFCDFC02FA78DC41FA09" box="[978,1092,1468,1491]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Liriomyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the combination of a black palpus, an antenna that is mostly brown except for the first flagellomere which is yellowish basally and medially; brown femora that are paler ventrally, and characteristics of the male genitalia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C325654CFF88FFCEFF17F9E3DA16FE2E" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF88FFCDFF17F9E3DAA1F872" blockId="9.[151,1436,1323,2032]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF88FFCDFF17F9E3D954F99A" bold="true" box="[199,337,1575,1600]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Description</emphasis>
. Frons width
<quantity id="4CC79B22FF88FFCDFE3FF9ECDA4CF9E5" box="[495,585,1576,1600]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
; ratio of frons width to eye width 1.7 (measured in dorsal view); orbit 0.23 times width of frons (including orbits) at midpoint; parafacial and cheek absent; 2 reclinate ors and 2 inclinate ori; orbital setulae reclinate, sparse; first flagellomere particularly small (one missing), and covered with short pubescence; arista approximately same length as maximum eye height with short but dense pubescence; gena deep, conspicuously extended at rear; gena height at midpoint: 0.30 times maximum eye height; clypeus narrow, with upper margin rounded; eye bare. One presutural and three postsutural dorsocentrals (but almost all setae missing); acrostichal setulae long, in about 6 irregular rows; prescutellar acrostichal seta absent; 2 notopleural setae; 1 strong postpronotal seta with 1 weaker one (about 1/3 length of strong seta); anepisternum with 1 strong seta on posterior margin a little above midpoint, and apparently 2 smaller setae; fore and mid tibiae without lateral seta; stridulatory mechanism present. Small species, thorax length dorsally (excluding scutellum):
<quantity id="4CC79B22FF88FFCDFBFFF8AFDC8CF859" box="[1071,1161,1899,1924]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
. Wing measurement not possible (one wing missing and one damaged).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF88FFCEFF17F877DABDFE52" blockId="9.[151,1436,1323,2032]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,824]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF88FFCDFF17F877D91FF816" bold="true" box="[199,282,1971,1996]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Colour</emphasis>
. Frons and anterior orbit yellow; posterior orbit (especially along eye margin) brown to anterior ors; both vt on brown; hind margin of eye brown on dorsal half; face yellow; antenna brown, but first flagellomere yellowish basally and medially; palpus brown; upper margin of clypeus appearing mat. Mesonotum almost completely shining brown except for small yellow patch at hind corner; scutellum bright yellow centrally with brown patch laterally; basal scutellar seta on dark ground; postpronotum yellow with central brown patch; notopleuron mostly yellow but dark brown at junction with anepisternum; anepisternum narrowly yellow posteriorly (more so at posterodorsal corner); katepisternum mostly brown except upper margin yellow; calypter completely brown including margin and fringe; halter white; legs mostly brown, slightly paler ventrally; fore and mid-knees apparently yellowish (legs shriveled).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF8BFFCEFF17FE50DA16FE2E" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF8BFFCEFF17FE50D977FE77" bold="true" box="[199,370,404,429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Male genitalia</emphasis>
. Distiphallus narrowly separated from slightly shorter mesophallus; distiphallus parallel-sided, curving dorsally in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13042A42FF8BFFCEFDD2FE73DA53FE0A" box="[514,598,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 31" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[298,1280,884,1825]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[292,1284,877,1834]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 28 31. Liriomyza biensis Boucher, (28) phallus, lateral. Inset shows freshly dissected specimen, (29) phallus, ventral. Inset shows freshly dissected specimen, (30) epandrium and surstyli, (31) ejaculatory apodeme. Scale bars = 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252259/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
); posteroventral margin of epandrium with strong spine (
<figureCitation id="13042A42FF8BFFCEFB01FE73DD21FE0A" box="[1233,1316,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 31" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[298,1280,884,1825]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[292,1284,877,1834]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 28 31. Liriomyza biensis Boucher, (28) phallus, lateral. Inset shows freshly dissected specimen, (29) phallus, ventral. Inset shows freshly dissected specimen, (30) epandrium and surstyli, (31) ejaculatory apodeme. Scale bars = 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252259/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
); surstylus with long spine apically (
<figureCitation id="13042A42FF8BFFCEFE62FE18DA02FE2E" box="[434,519,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 31" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1855,1878]" captionTargetBox="[298,1280,884,1825]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[292,1284,877,1834]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 28 31. Liriomyza biensis Boucher, (28) phallus, lateral. Inset shows freshly dissected specimen, (29) phallus, ventral. Inset shows freshly dissected specimen, (30) epandrium and surstyli, (31) ejaculatory apodeme. Scale bars = 0.05 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/252259/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C325654CFF8BFFCEFF17FE3BDC94FCE2" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF8BFFCEFF17FE3BD932FD17" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF8BFFCEFF17FE3BD94DFDC2" bold="true" box="[199,328,511,536]" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Comments</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FF8BFFCEFE8CFE3BDA01FDC2" author="Becker" box="[348,516,511,536]" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" refString="Becker, T. (1920) Dipteres brachyceres. In: Mission du Service Geographique de l'Armee pour la mesure d'un arc de Meridien Equatoriel en Amerique du Sud sous le controle scientifique de l'Academie des Sciences, 1899 - 1906. Tome 10. Entomologie. - Botanique. Fascicule 2. - Opiliones. - Dipteres. - Myriapodes. [1919]. Gauthier-Villars, Paris. pp. 163 - 215." type="book chapter" year="1920">Becker (1920)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned that the five specimens identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF8BFFCEFB8AFDC4DD70FDC2" authority="Meig." authorityName="Meig." box="[1114,1397,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Agromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF8BFFCEFB8AFDC4DD20FDC2" box="[1114,1317,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Agromyza pusilla</emphasis>
Meig.
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF8BFFCEFF47FDE1D9D2FDE7" authority="Meigen" authorityName="Meigen" box="[151,471,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF8BFFCEFF47FDE1D964FDE7" box="[151,353,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Liriomyza pusilla</emphasis>
(Meigen)
</taxonomicName>
, a Palaearctic and Oriental species) had slight differences in colour but that their general aspects were the same. Four of the specimens identified by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FF8BFFCEFC17FD83DC6BFDBA" author="Becker" box="[967,1134,583,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" refString="Becker, T. (1920) Dipteres brachyceres. In: Mission du Service Geographique de l'Armee pour la mesure d'un arc de Meridien Equatoriel en Amerique du Sud sous le controle scientifique de l'Academie des Sciences, 1899 - 1906. Tome 10. Entomologie. - Botanique. Fascicule 2. - Opiliones. - Dipteres. - Myriapodes. [1919]. Gauthier-Villars, Paris. pp. 163 - 215." type="book chapter" year="1920">Becker (1920)</bibRefCitation>
were examined and they represent four different species, including
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF8BFFCEFDADFDA9DB42FD5F" box="[637,839,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biensis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF8BFFCEFDADFDA9DB42FD5F" box="[637,839,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Liriomyza biensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The other three specimens each represent different species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF8BFFCEFEDCFD55D97BFD72" box="[268,382,657,680]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF8BFFCEFEDCFD55D97BFD72" box="[268,382,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Liriomyza</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(listed below as species A, B and C) that are not formally described because available material is insufficient.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8036C7FF8BFFCEFF17FD13DC94FCE2" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">
The phallus and surstylus are most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF8BFFCEFD1CFD1DDC25FD2A" authority="Spencer" authorityName="Spencer" box="[716,1056,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monoensis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF8BFFCEFD1CFD1DDBBEFD2A" box="[716,955,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Liriomyza monoensis</emphasis>
Spencer
</taxonomicName>
, known from California (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B36FF8BFFCEFA90FD1CD8D7FCCE" author="Spencer" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" refString="Spencer, K. A. (1981) A revisionary study of the leaf-mining flies (Agromyzidae) of California. University of California, Division of Agricultural Sciences, Special Publication 3273, 489 pp." type="book" year="1981">Spencer 1981</bibRefCitation>
), but the distiphallus appears narrower at the base in
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF8BFFCEFCE0FD39DBC0FCCE" box="[816,965,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monoensis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF8BFFCEFCE0FD39DBC0FCCE" box="[816,965,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">L. monoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The body colour of
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D44FF8BFFCEFB67FD39DD49FCCE" box="[1207,1356,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monoensis">
<emphasis id="B94BEAD5FF8BFFCEFB67FD39DD49FCCE" box="[1207,1356,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">L. monoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also different, with the palpus, antenna and femora yellow, and the anepisternum entirely black.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>