380 lines
41 KiB
XML
380 lines
41 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="1D243993B89B84D2775CBA5D5AEBF3B6">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="23A91D2F0142CCD90F20DDA847A53B5F">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1B1969800B045F98066AB7F875FD5DBE">Nava, Santiago</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7DE5A4A4D720CF8F3C4DC9BB86461B92">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7C955B5140857E54FDDF8DDC318F1ED6" type="email">robbinsrg@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="7BAA4FA8A8D6212D4ECF420F7B563732">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D6245668EA6000A90CE20226DBF87E34">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4175E3BCF3F059CBF6BD93D370EE3E84">5251</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03966A560F7BC77BBABF8855B477F881" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7709318" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449271" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7709318" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F7BC77BBABF8855B477F881" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F7BC77BBABF8855B477F881" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F7BC77BBABF8855B741FC4D" box="[151,559,870,897]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F7BC77BBABF8855B741FC4D" blockId="16.[151,1437,870,1869]" box="[151,559,870,897]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBABF8855B5D5FC4D" bold="true" box="[151,187,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">89.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BBAEB8854B744FC4D" ID-CoL="6NBX9" ID-ENA="213683" authority="(Panzer, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[195,554,870,897]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBAEB8854B414FC4D" bold="true" box="[195,378,870,897]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBBA28855B74CFC4D" author="Panzer, G. W. F." box="[394,546,871,897]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref240704" refString="Panzer, G. W. F. (1798) Faunae Insectorum Germanicae Initia, part 59, N ¸ rnberg." type="book" year="1798">Panzer, 1798</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F7BC77BB81F8855B1F1FBB1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F7BC77BB81F8855B1F1FBB1" blockId="16.[151,1437,870,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Palearctic: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB8FC8855B645FC4D" box="[724,811,871,897]" name="Algeria" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Algeria</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB97E8855B6D5FC4D" box="[854,955,871,897]" name="Armenia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Armenia</collectingCountry>
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||
, 3) Azerbaijan, 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBEB88855B186FC4D" box="[1168,1256,871,897]" name="Belarus" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Belarus</collectingCountry>
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, 5)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBF3D8855B016FC4D" box="[1301,1400,871,897]" name="Belgium" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Belgium</collectingCountry>
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, 6)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBABF88B9B594FC69" box="[151,250,907,933]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
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, 7)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBB0E88B9B415FC69" box="[294,379,907,933]" name="Croatia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Croatia</collectingCountry>
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, 8)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBB8088B9B492FC69" box="[424,508,907,933]" name="Cyprus" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
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, 9)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB80F88B9B7EAFC69" box="[551,644,907,933]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Czechia</collectingCountry>
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, 10)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB89688B9B647FC69" box="[702,809,907,933]" name="Denmark" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Denmark</collectingCountry>
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, 11)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB94A88B9B6C6FC69" box="[866,936,907,933]" name="Egypt" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Egypt</collectingCountry>
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, 12)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB9CA88B9B15FFC69" box="[994,1073,907,933]" name="France" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">France</collectingCountry>
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, 13) Georgia, 14)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBF2988B9B004FC69" box="[1281,1386,907,933]" name="Germany" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Germany</collectingCountry>
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, 15)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBABF889DB443FC05" box="[151,301,943,969]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
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||
, 16)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBB4B889DB4A8FC05" box="[355,454,943,969]" name="Hungary" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hungary</collectingCountry>
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||
, 17)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBBD5889DB743FC05" box="[509,557,943,969]" name="Iran" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Iran</collectingCountry>
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||
, 18)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB84B889DB7DBFC05" box="[611,693,943,969]" name="Ireland" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ireland</collectingCountry>
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||
, 19)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB8C4889DB64EFC05" box="[748,800,943,969]" name="Italy" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Italy</collectingCountry>
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, 20)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB97E889DB6F4FC05" box="[854,922,943,969]" name="Malta" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Malta</collectingCountry>
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, 21)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB9F9889DB157FC05" box="[977,1081,943,969]" name="Moldova" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Moldova</collectingCountry>
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, 22)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBE58889DB1B6FC05" box="[1136,1240,943,969]" name="Morocco" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Morocco</collectingCountry>
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, 23)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBF26889DB0F6FC05" box="[1294,1432,943,969]" name="Netherlands" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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, 24)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBAEB88E1B470FC21" box="[195,286,979,1005]" name="Norway" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Norway</collectingCountry>
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, 25)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBB7E88E1B4C9FC21" box="[342,423,979,1005]" name="Poland" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Poland</collectingCountry>
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, 26)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBBF688E1B72EFC21" box="[478,576,979,1005]" name="Portugal" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Portugal</collectingCountry>
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, 27)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB85F88E1B7B1FC21" box="[631,735,979,1005]" name="Romania" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Romania</collectingCountry>
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||
, 28)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB93E88E1B60AFC21" box="[790,868,979,1005]" name="Russia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Russia</collectingCountry>
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||
, 29)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB9B388E1B68BFC21" box="[923,997,979,1005]" name="Serbia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Serbia</collectingCountry>
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||
, 30)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBE3588E1B1ECFC21" box="[1053,1154,979,1005]" name="Slovakia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
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||
, 31)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBE9188E1B070FC21" box="[1209,1310,979,1005]" name="Slovenia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Slovenia</collectingCountry>
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||
, 32)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBF7D88E1B0F6FC21" box="[1365,1432,979,1005]" name="Spain" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Spain</collectingCountry>
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||
, 33)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBAEE88C5B44FFBDD" box="[198,289,1015,1041]" name="Sweden" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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||
, 34)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBB7688C5B489FBDD" box="[350,487,1015,1041]" name="Switzerland" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
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||
, 35)
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB80A88C5B71DFBDD" box="[546,627,1015,1041]" name="Turkey" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
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, 36)
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB88788C5B623FBDD" box="[687,845,1015,1041]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
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||
, 37)
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB9A088C5B68CFBDD" box="[904,994,1015,1041]" name="Ukraine" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BB9DB88C5B1CBFBDD" author="Filippova, N. A." box="[1011,1189,1015,1041]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref194763" refString="Filippova, N. A. (1977) Ixodid ticks (Ixodinae). In: Fauna USSR New Series, 4 (4), Nauka, Moscow, Leningrad, 396 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1977">Filippova 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBE9A88C5B0F6FBDD" author="Ogandzhanian, A. M." box="[1202,1432,1015,1041]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="181 - 182" refId="ref237968" refString="Ogandzhanian, A. M. (1984) New species of ixodid ticks (Ixodidae) for the fauna of Armenia. Parazitologiia, 18, 181 - 182." type="journal article" year="1984">Ogandzhanian 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBABF8F29B445FBF9" author="Martyn, K. P." box="[151,299,1051,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref229022" refString="Martyn, K. P. (1988) Provisional atlas of the ticks (Ixodoidea) of the British Isles. Biological Records Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, UK, 62 pp." type="book" year="1988">Martyn 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBB1E8F29B4D8FBF9" author="Trilar, T." box="[310,438,1051,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="213 - 216" refId="ref260135" refString="Trilar, T. (2004) Ticks (Acarina: Ixodidae) on birds in Slovenia. Acrocephalus, 25 (123), 213 - 216." type="journal article" year="2004">Trilar 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBBE98F29B7F1FBF9" author="Cringoli, G. & Iori, A. & Rinaldi, L. & Veneziano, V. & Genchi, C." box="[449,671,1050,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref185591" refString="Cringoli, G., Iori, A., Rinaldi, L., Veneziano, V. & Genchi, C. (2005) Zecche. Mappe Parassitologiche, 5, 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Cringoli
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB80D8F29B730FBF9" box="[549,606,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BB8828F29B626FBF9" author="Kolonin, G. V." box="[682,840,1051,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref221361" refString="Kolonin, G. V. (2009) Fauna of ixodid ticks of the world. https: // archive. is / CtZk. Last accessed February 11, 2022." type="url" year="2009">Kolonin 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BB97B8F29B10EFBF9" author="Santos-Silva, M. M. & Beati, L. & Santos, A. S. & Sousa de, R. & Nuncio, M. S. & Melo, P. & Santos-Reis, M. & Fonseca, C. & Formosinho, P. & Vilela, C. & Bacellar, F." box="[851,1120,1051,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="85 - 121" refId="ref251555" refString="Santos-Silva, M. M., Beati, L., Santos, A. S., Sousa de, R., Nuncio, M. S., Melo, P., Santos-Reis, M., Fonseca, C., Formosinho, P., Vilela, C. & Bacellar, F. (2011) The hard-tick fauna of mainland Portugal (Acari: Ixodidae): an update on geographical distribution and known associations with hosts and pathogens. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 55, 85 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 011 - 9440 - x" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Santos-Silva
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB9CF8F29B171FBF9" box="[999,1055,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBE428F29B052FBF9" author="Bursali, A. & Keskin, A. & Tekin, S." box="[1130,1340,1051,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="91 - 104" refId="ref179236" refString="Bursali, A., Keskin, A. & Tekin, S. (2012) A review of the ticks (Acari: Ixodida) of Turkey: species diversity, hosts and geographical distribution. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 57, 91 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 012 - 9530 - 4" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Bursali
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBEEA8F29B194FBF9" box="[1218,1274,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBF6F8F29B5BCFB95" author="Krcmar, S." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="19 - 57" refId="ref221647" refString="Krcmar, S. (2012) Hard ticks (Acari, Ixodidae) of Croatia. ZooKeys, 234, 19 - 57. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 234.3658" type="journal article" year="2012">Krčmar 2012</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBAF48F0DB4D9FB95" author="Mihalca, A. D. & Dumitrache, M. O. & Magdas, C. & Gherman, C. M. & Domsa, C. & Mircean, V. & Ghira, I. V. & Pocora, V. & Ionescu, D. T. & Siko Barabasi, S. & Cozma, V. & Sandor, A. D." box="[220,439,1087,1113]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="183 - 206" refId="ref230474" refString="Mihalca, A. D., Dumitrache, M. O., Magdas, C., Gherman, C. M., Domsa, C., Mircean, V., Ghira, I. V., Pocora, V., Ionescu, D. T., Siko Barabasi, S., Cozma, V. & Sandor, A. D. (2012) Synopsis of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Romania with update on host associations and geographical distribution. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 58, 183 - 206. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 012 - 9566 - 5" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Mihalca
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBB168F0DB418FB95" box="[318,374,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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2012
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBBE98F0DB676FB95" author="Nowak-Chmura, M. & Siuda, K." box="[449,792,1087,1113]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="125 - 155" refId="ref237187" refString="Nowak-Chmura, M. & Siuda, K. (2012) Ticks of Poland. Review of contemporary issues and latest research. Annals of Parasitology, 58, 125 - 155." type="journal article" year="2012">Nowak-Chmura & Siuda 2012</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BB90B8F0DB683FB95" author="Petney, T. N. & Pfaffle, M. & Skuballa, J." box="[803,1005,1087,1113]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="115 - 170" refId="ref242893" refString="Petney, T. N., Pfaffle, M. & Skuballa, J. (2012) An annotated checklist of the ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Germany. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 17, 115 - 170. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 17.2.2" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Petney
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB95D8F0DB6C3FB95" box="[885,941,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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2012
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BB9D08F0DB18AFB95" author="Bona, M. & Stanko, M." box="[1016,1252,1087,1113]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="478 - 481" refId="ref178607" refString="Bona, M. & Stanko, M. (2013) First records of the tick Ixodes frontalis (Panzer, 1795) (Acari, Ixodidae) in Slovakia. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 4, 478 - 481. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2013.06.002" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB9D08F0DB15DFB95" box="[1016,1075,1087,1113]" name="Algeria" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Bona</collectingCountry>
|
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& Stanko 2013
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBEC68F0DB598FBB1" author="Estrada-Pena, A. & Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N." pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref192886" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
|
||
Estrada-Peña
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBFA08F0DB5DAFBB1" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBB298F51B4B5FBB1" author="Pflieger, W. P. & Niedbala, W. & Vella, P. & Sciberras, A. & Vella, A." box="[257,475,1123,1149]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="85 - 110" refId="ref243199" refString="Pflieger, W. P., Sch ˆ nfer, A., Niedbala, W., Vella, P., Sciberras, A. & Vella, A. (2017) New records of mites (Acari) and harvestmen (Opiliones) from Malta with a preliminary checklist of Maltese Arachnida. Soil Organisms, 89 (2) 85 - 110." type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Pflieger
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBB498F51B4F7FBB1" box="[353,409,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBBCD8F51B7BBFBB1" author="Tsapko, N. V. & Kotti, B. K." box="[485,725,1123,1149]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="253 - 260" refId="ref260366" refString="Tsapko, N. V. & Kotti, B. K. (2017) The tick Ixodes frontalis (Acari: Ixodidae) in the North Caucasus. Parazitologiya, 50, 253 - 260. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2017">Tsapko & Kotti 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BB8C88F51B6ACFBB1" author="Hornok, S. & Kovats, D. & Horvath, G. & Kontschan, J. & Farkas, R." box="[736,962,1123,1149]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="311 - 328" refId="ref209952" refString="Hornok, S., Kovats, D., Horvath, G., Kontschan, J. & Farkas, R. (2020 a) Checklist of the hard tick (Acari: ixodidae) fauna of Hungary with emphasis on host-associations and the emergence of Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 80, 311 - 328. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 019 - 00461 - 6" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Hornok
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB9148F51B61BFBB1" box="[828,885,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BB99E8F51B6ACFBB1" author="Hanafi-Bojd, A. A. & Jafari, S. & Telmadarraiy, Z. & Abbasi-Ghahramanloo, A. & Moradi-Asl, E." box="[950,962,1123,1149]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="41 - 59" refId="ref200942" refString="Hanafi-Bojd, A. A., Jafari, S., Telmadarraiy, Z., Abbasi-Ghahramanloo, A. & Moradi-Asl, E. (2021) Spatial distribution of ticks (Arachnida: Argasidae and Ixodidae) and their infection rate to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in Iran. Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases, 15, 41 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.18502 / jad. v 15 i 1.6485" type="journal article" year="2021">a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Rubel
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBE308F51B13EFBB1" box="[1048,1104,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F7BC77BBAEF8FB5B477F881" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F7BC77BBAEF8FB5B72CFB25" blockId="16.[151,1437,870,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
This tick has been widely confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BB8B08FB5B6A5FB6D" authority="(Nearctic)" baseAuthorityName="Nearctic" box="[664,971,1159,1185]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB8B08FB5B63FFB6D" box="[664,849,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes brunneus</emphasis>
|
||
(Nearctic)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the past, and several reports of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BBF7B8FB5B59BFB09" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBF7B8FB5B59BFB09" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have appeared under the synonym
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BB8A08F99B666FB08" box="[648,776,1195,1221]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB8A08F99B666FB08" box="[648,776,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes pari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the most frequent of the synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BBEEF8F99B018FB09" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1223,1398,1195,1221]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBEEF8F99B018FB09" box="[1223,1398,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as listed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBAD08FFDB750FB25" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S." box="[248,574,1231,1257]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 256" refId="ref198957" refString="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S. (2014) Names for Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): valid, synonyms, incertae sedis, nomina dubia, nomina nuda, lapsus, incorrect and suppressed names - with notes on confusions and misidentifications. Zootaxa, 3767, 1 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3767.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Guglielmone & Nava (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F7BC77BBAEF8FC1B7C8FA99" blockId="16.[151,1437,870,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBAEF8FC1B4C5FAC1" author="Heylen, D. & Jacobs, I. & Matthysen, E. & Madder, M." box="[199,427,1267,1293]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="19 - 20" refId="ref201606" refString="Heylen, D., Jacobs, I., Matthysen, E. & Madder, M. (2012) Comments on article " First report of Ixodes frontalis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Finland, an example of foreign tick species transported by a migratory bird " (Memoranda Soc. Fauna Flora Fennica 85, 16 - 19. 2009). Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, 88, 19 - 20." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Heylen
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBB088FC1B437FAC1" box="[288,345,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
cautioned that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BB8718FC1B666FAC1" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[601,776,1267,1293]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB8718FC1B666FAC1" box="[601,776,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BBE2F8FC1B1C8FAC0" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1031,1190,1267,1293]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBE2F8FC1B1C8FAC0" box="[1031,1190,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes ricinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as has occurred with specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBB7E8E25B4C1FAFD" box="[342,431,1303,1329]" name="Finland" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Finland</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBB948E25B7DAFAFD" author="Sevestre, J. & Diarra, A. Z. & Oumarou, H. A. & Durant, J. & Delaunay, P. & Parola, P." box="[444,692,1303,1329]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref253668" refString="Sevestre, J., Diarra, A. Z., Oumarou, H. A., Durant, J., Delaunay, P. & Parola, P. (2021) Detection of emerging tick-borne disease agents in the Alpes-Maritimes region, southeastern France. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 12 (article 101800), 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2021.101800" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Sevestre
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB80D8E25B70EFAFD" box="[549,608,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
morphologically identified specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BBEBD8E25B006FAFC" box="[1173,1384,1303,1329]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBEBD8E25B006FAFC" box="[1173,1384,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that were molecularly classified as
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBBD88E09B7C8FA99" box="[496,678,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BBBD88E09B7CCFA99" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[496,674,1339,1365]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">Ixodes frontalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F7BC77BBAEF8E6DB16CFA29" blockId="16.[151,1437,870,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Records from some of the territories listed above include specimens collected from migratory birds, and it is possible that permanent populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BB8678EB1B793FA51" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[591,765,1411,1437]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB8678EB1B793FA51" box="[591,765,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do not exist in a number of these areas, a situation that calls for further field work.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBBB88E95B788FA0D" author="Hosseini-Chegeni, A. & Tavakoli, M. & Telmadarraiy, Z." box="[400,742,1447,1473]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="2133 - 2166" refId="ref210448" refString="Hosseini-Chegeni, A., Tavakoli, M. & Telmadarraiy, Z. (2019) The updated list of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae & Argasidae) occurring in Iran with a key to the identification of species. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 24, 2133 - 2166. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 24.11.8" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Hosseini-Chegeni
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB8768E95B7F8FA0D" box="[606,662,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not list
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BB9408E95B17BFA0D" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[872,1045,1447,1473]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB9408E95B17BFA0D" box="[872,1045,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as being found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBEF78E95B07EFA0D" box="[1247,1296,1447,1473]" name="Iran" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
; its presence in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBA9C8EF9B58FFA29" box="[180,225,1483,1509]" name="Iran" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
is based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBB438EF9B777FA29" author="Kolonin, G. V." box="[363,537,1483,1509]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref221361" refString="Kolonin, G. V. (2009) Fauna of ixodid ticks of the world. https: // archive. is / CtZk. Last accessed February 11, 2022." type="url" year="2009">Kolonin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and is regarded here as provisionally valid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F7BC77BBAEF8EDDB49DF8C9" blockId="16.[151,1437,870,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
Zhang, G.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBB6B8EDDB413F9C5" box="[323,381,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019) and Zhang, Y.K.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB8B68EDDB7B6F9C5" box="[670,728,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019) included
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB9B68EDDB68FF9C5" box="[926,993,1519,1545]" name="China" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
within the geographic range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BBF7B8EDDB59BF9E1" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBF7B8EDDB59BF9E1" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBB458D21B75FF9E1" author="Guo, Y. & Sun, Y. & Xu, R." box="[365,561,1555,1581]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="729 - 742" refId="ref200356" refString="Guo, Y., Sun, Y. & Xu, R. (2016) The genus Ixodes (Acari: Ixodidae) in China with three new record species. Acta Parasitologica, 61, 729 - 742. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / ap- 2016 - 0102" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Guo
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBB8C8D21B4B2F9E1" box="[420,476,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BB8878D21B614F9E1" author="Zhao, G. P. & Wang, Y. X. & Fan, Z. W. & Ji, Y. & Liu, M. J. & Zhang, W. H. & Li, X. L. & Zhou, S. X. & Li, H. & Liang, S. & Liu, W. & Yang, Y. & Fang, L. Q." box="[687,890,1555,1581]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref267094" refString="Zhao, G. P., Wang, Y. X., Fan, Z. W., Ji, Y., Liu, M. J., Zhang, W. H., Li, X. L., Zhou, S. X., Li, H., Liang, S., Liu, W., Yang, Y. & Fang, L. Q. (2021) Mapping ticks and tick-borne pathogens in China. Nature Communications, 12 (article 1075), 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41467 - 021 - 21375 - 1" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Zhao
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB8D88D21B646F9E1" box="[752,808,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not list
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BB9D78D21B1C0F9E1" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1023,1198,1555,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB9D78D21B1C0F9E1" box="[1023,1198,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a species found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBABF8D05B5B0F99D" box="[151,222,1591,1617]" name="China" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
. We feel that the presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BB8078D05B7B0F99D" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[559,734,1591,1617]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB8078D05B7B0F99D" box="[559,734,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
requires confirmation and have provisionally excluded
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BBF718D05B0F2F99D" box="[1369,1436,1591,1617]" name="China" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
from this species’ range. A record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BB81C8D69B78CF9B9" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[564,738,1627,1653]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB81C8D69B78CF9B9" box="[564,738,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB9678D69B6A3F9B9" box="[847,973,1627,1653]" name="Philippines" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Oriental Region) in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBE948D69B004F9B9" author="Wilson, N." box="[1212,1386,1627,1653]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="37 - 46" refId="ref265197" refString="Wilson, N. (1970 a) New distributional records of ticks from Southeast Asia and the Pacific (Metastigmata: Argasidae, Ixodidae). Oriental Insects, 4, 37 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.1970.10433939" type="journal article" year="1970">Wilson (1970a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was treated as valid by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBB5B8D4DB748F955" author="Kolonin, G. V." box="[371,550,1663,1689]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref221361" refString="Kolonin, G. V. (2009) Fauna of ixodid ticks of the world. https: // archive. is / CtZk. Last accessed February 11, 2022." type="url" year="2009">Kolonin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BB81B8D4DB62FF955" author="Drehmann, M. & Chitimia-Dobler, L. & Lindau, A. & Frank, A. & Mai, S. & Fachet, K. & Hauck, D. & Knoll, S. & Strube, C. & Fischer, D & Ziegler, L. & Mackenstedt, U." box="[563,833,1663,1689]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="79 - 91" refId="ref189114" refString="Drehmann, M., Chitimia-Dobler, L., Lindau, A., Frank, A., Mai, S., Fachet, K., Hauck, D., Knoll, S., Strube, C., L ¸ hken, R., Fischer, D, Ziegler, L. & Mackenstedt, U. (2019) Ixodes frontalis: a neglected but ubiquitous species in Germany. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 78, 79 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 019 - 00375 - 3" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Drehmann
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB89B8D4DB783F955" box="[691,749,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and other authors, but Saracho-Bottero
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBF268D4DB027F955" box="[1294,1353,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021) regarded that record as probably belonging to a different species. The same can be said about the Namibian (Afrotropical Region) record in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBBC98DF5B711F92D" author="Putzig, P." box="[481,639,1735,1761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="25 - 27" refId="ref244415" refString="Putzig, P. (1939) Rauchschwalben-Sterben durch Zecken (Ixodidae) verursacht. Der Vogelzug, 10, 25 - 27." type="journal article" year="1939">Putzig (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Both the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB8D08DF5B618F92D" box="[760,886,1735,1761]" name="Philippines" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F7BC77BB9998DF5B17FF92D" box="[945,1041,1735,1761]" name="Namibia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
are excluded from the geographic distribution of
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBB168DD9B49DF8C9" box="[318,499,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BBB168DD9B49EF8C9" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[318,496,1771,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">Ixodes frontalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F7BC77BBAEF8C3DB477F881" blockId="16.[151,1437,870,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F7BC77BBAEF8C3DB4D5F8E5" author="Hornok, S. & Flaisz, B. & Takacs, N. & Kontschan, J. & Jaksa, B. R. & Kovats, D." box="[199,443,1807,1833]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref209220" refString="Hornok, S., Flaisz, B., Takacs, N., Kontschan, J., Cs ˆ rgo, T., Jaksa, B. R., & Kovats, D. (2016 a) Bird ticks in Hungary reflect western, southern, eastern flyway connections and two genetic lineages of Ixodes frontalis and Haemaphysalis concinna. Parasites & Vectors, 9 (article 101), 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 016 - 1365 - 0" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Hornok
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BBB0C8C3DB433F8E5" box="[292,349,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
presented molecular evidence that two lineages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F7BC77BB9D38C3DB1C7F8E5" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1019,1193,1807,1833]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F7BC77BB9D38C3DB1C7F8E5" box="[1019,1193,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ixodes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may represent different species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |