450 lines
50 KiB
XML
450 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="9A521AC362C16BB706529C7B1E99F75C" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930500439559" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5221015" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629367318097" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bochkov, Andre V. & Oconnor, Barry M." docDate="2005" docId="03B48791FFADFFE1FE7CDA889D81D0D9" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.39.44.3811-3832.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 39 (44)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930500439559" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C.2:JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C" docStyleName="JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Hemigalichus Fain 1970" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="3818" masterDocId="FF8DFFE9FFA9FFE8FFB5D9729E11D327" masterDocTitle="The life-cycle of Hemigalichus chrotogale sp. nov. (Acari: Listrophoridae), with comparative observations on listrophorid morphology" masterLastPageNumber="3832" masterPageNumber="3811" pageNumber="3813" updateTime="1699069632113" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F46AF24BEF7FBC906213895387B374BA">
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<mods:title id="32E68383EE1DBAC875F9E4CBD6F01593">The life-cycle of Hemigalichus chrotogale sp. nov. (Acari: Listrophoridae), with comparative observations on listrophorid morphology</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0ED4F50410AC270322145643115D45A8" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="501DFA947E2AB0BDE9CB730451946846">Bochkov, Andre V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8154923AE6826279FA5152F667C8FB4E">Oconnor, Barry M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D7D7C14C18C8CFE39CFE30B00C2B28F3">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4D9008E918C08580B8DBFD9743CFBC51">
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<mods:date id="CF087416C7225E7AFCA1743CC9E1346D">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B7575D2D33F1E60517EAC4F748C7FB29">2006-01-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8120998C56AC476663EB4730A843DC3C">39</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="30B1BDD6A52257D9FF41F76253867F85">44</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="34232653DE34F007921A2D12F84F9A74" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930500439559</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="720431433D1B443245A01AF5E45985CB" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B48791FFADFFE1FE7CDA889D81D0D9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B48791FFADFFE1FE7CDA889D81D0D9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B48791FFADFFE1FE7CDA889D81D0D9" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="3818" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">
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<subSubSection id="C307650CFFADFFECFE7CDA889D70D735" box="[457,865,1018,1042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA23687FFADFFECFE7CDA889D70D735" blockId="4.[141,1042,952,1075]" box="[457,865,1018,1042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">
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<heading id="D0EA81EBFFADFFECFE7CDA889D70D735" box="[457,865,1018,1042]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFE7CDA889C0AD735" bold="true" box="[457,539,1018,1042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">Genus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFADFFECFD91DA889D70D735" authority="Fain, 1970" authorityName="Fain" authorityYear="1970" box="[548,865,1018,1042]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFD91DA889CC9D735" bold="true" box="[548,728,1018,1042]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">Hemigalichus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B76FFADFFECFD55DA889D70D735" author="Fain A" box="[736,865,1018,1042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813" pagination="271 - 300" refId="ref8962" refString="Fain A. 1970. Diagnoses de nouveaux Lobalgides and Listrophorides (Acarina: Sarcoptiformes). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 81: 271 - 300." type="journal article" year="1970">Fain, 1970</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C307650CFFADFFECFF38DD699D3ED714" box="[141,815,1051,1075]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA23687FFADFFECFF38DD699D3ED714" blockId="4.[141,1042,952,1075]" box="[141,815,1051,1075]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0D11A9FFADFFECFF38DD699D3ED714" box="[141,815,1051,1075]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABC1096FFADFFECFF38DD699FE2D714" author="Fain A" box="[141,499,1051,1075]" page="276" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813" year="1970">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFADFFECFF38DD699FE2D714" authority="Fain 1970, p 276" authorityName="Fain" authorityPageNumber="276" authorityYear="1970" box="[141,499,1051,1075]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFF38DD699F0ED714" box="[141,287,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">Hemigalichus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B76FFADFFECFE9DDD699FB5D714" author="Fain A" box="[296,420,1051,1075]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813" pagination="271 - 300" refId="ref8962" refString="Fain A. 1970. Diagnoses de nouveaux Lobalgides and Listrophorides (Acarina: Sarcoptiformes). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 81: 271 - 300." type="journal article" year="1970">Fain 1970</bibRefCitation>
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, p 276
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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; 1980, p 184; 1981, p 308.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C307650CFFADFFE1FF3FDD2E9D81D0D9" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="3818" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA23687FFADFFECFF3FDD2E9CD6D753" blockId="4.[138,711,1116,1140]" box="[138,711,1116,1140]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFF3FDD2E9F06D753" box="[138,279,1116,1140]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">
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<typeStatus id="54A68825FFADFFECFF3FDD2E9ED1D754" box="[138,192,1116,1139]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFADFFECFE96DD2E9CD2D753" authority="Fain, 1970" authorityName="Fain" authorityYear="1970" box="[291,707,1116,1140]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baramensis">
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFE96DD2E9C24D753" box="[291,565,1116,1140]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">Hemigalichus baramensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B76FFADFFECFD8BDD2E9CD2D753" author="Fain A" box="[574,707,1116,1140]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813" pagination="271 - 300" refId="ref8962" refString="Fain A. 1970. Diagnoses de nouveaux Lobalgides and Listrophorides (Acarina: Sarcoptiformes). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 81: 271 - 300." type="journal article" year="1970">Fain, 1970</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA23687FFADFFECFF3FDDDE9EE2D7E3" blockId="4.[138,243,1196,1220]" box="[138,243,1196,1220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFF3FDDDE9EE2D7E3" box="[138,243,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA23687FFADFFECFF3FDDAF9A76D6B2" blockId="4.[138,1185,1245,1429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFF3FDDAF9EC8D7D2" box="[138,217,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">Adults.</emphasis>
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Anterior margin of prescapular shield deeply notched in midline. Postscapular shield present, entire, well sclerotized. Small median spot distinctly visible in posterior third of this shield. Full set of idiosomal and leg setae present (see Discussion), except for tarsal setae
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFF7FDC4F9EC6D672" box="[202,215,1341,1365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">d</emphasis>
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IV in males (in males of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFADFFECFE59DC4C9C6DD672" authority="Bochkov & Oconnor, 2005" authorityName="Bochkov & Oconnor" authorityYear="2005" box="[492,636,1341,1365]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrotogale" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFE59DC4C9C6DD672" box="[492,636,1341,1365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">H. chrotogale</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25A57EEFFADFFECFD36DC4F9CF1D672" box="[643,736,1341,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, setae
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFC9FDC4C9D27D672" box="[810,822,1342,1365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">g</emphasis>
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absent). Setae
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFC50DC4C9DE9D672" box="[997,1016,1342,1365]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">se</emphasis>
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filiform. Setae
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFF3FDC2F9E86D652" box="[138,151,1373,1397]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">d</emphasis>
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of all tarsi not longer than this segment. Distinct longitudinal ridge connecting base of coxal apodemes II and prescapular shield present. Femur I with ventro-apical tooth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA23687FFADFFEDFF3FDCCC9CC7D264" blockId="4.[138,1185,1470,1685]" lastBlockId="5.[125,1172,137,323]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="3814" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFF3FDCCC9EDAD6F1" box="[138,203,1470,1494]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">Male.</emphasis>
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Hysteronotal shield present, entire, with at least some linear ornamentation, and occupying most of hysteronotum. Apodemes III fused to each other and forming distinct median crest. Progenital sclerites fused to each other and forming inverted Y-shape structure, bearing genital papillae remnants. Opisthosoma wide, not attenuate behind coxal fields IV, with pair of distinct posterior lobes. Opisthogastric sclerites present. Para-anal suckers well developed. Setae
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFE56DF2F9C30D552" box="[483,545,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">ps1–2</emphasis>
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thickened. Setae
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFD59DF2F9D19D552" box="[748,776,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">h3</emphasis>
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filiform. Tarsi and tibiae III and IV distinctly thickened, with dorsal crests. Tarsi IV without apical projections. Setae
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFADFFECFBAADF0F9A3DD5B2" box="[1055,1068,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="3813">d</emphasis>
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IV absent.
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFFC8D9FB9EC4D386" box="[125,213,137,161]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Female.</emphasis>
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Hysteronotal shield present, entire, with distinct linear ornamentation and occupying almost whole hysteronotum. Lateral parts of hysteronotal shield extending over ventral surface of opisthosoma leaving only a narrow median membranous area. Opisthosoma without scales or tubercles. Setae
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFD39D9989CB7D225" box="[652,678,234,258]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">4b</emphasis>
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situated behind level of genital papillae, slightly anterior to setae
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFE1AD8799FAAD205" box="[431,443,267,290]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">g</emphasis>
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. Setae
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFDA9D8789C29D205" box="[540,568,266,290]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">h2</emphasis>
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relatively short, not longer than
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFC66D8789DF9D205" box="[979,1000,266,290]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">f2</emphasis>
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. Basal cap of spermatheca globose, efferent sperm ducts straight.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA23687FFACFFEDFFC8D8099F7AD2B4" blockId="5.[125,363,379,403]" box="[125,363,379,403]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFFC8D8099F7AD2B4" box="[125,363,379,403]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Other species included</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA23687FFACFFEDFFC8D8DF9F64D2E3" blockId="5.[125,373,428,452]" box="[125,373,428,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFFC8D8DF9F1ED2E3" authority="Bochkov & Oconnor, 2005" authorityName="Bochkov & Oconnor" authorityYear="2005" box="[125,271,428,452]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrotogale" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFFC8D8DF9F1ED2E3" box="[125,271,428,452]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">H. chrotogale</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25A57EEFFACFFEDFEACD8DE9F64D2E3" box="[281,373,428,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA23687FFACFFEDFFC8D88C9F7CD132" blockId="5.[125,365,509,533]" box="[125,365,509,533]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">
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||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFFC8D88C9F7CD132" box="[125,365,509,533]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Hosts and distribution</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA23687FFACFFEDFFC8DB5C9ED1D00E" blockId="5.[125,1172,558,809]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">
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Mites of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFECDDB5C9C1BD161" authorityName="Fain" authorityYear="1970" box="[376,522,558,582]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFECDDB5C9C1BD161" box="[376,522,558,582]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Hemigalichus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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are specific parasites of Asian viverrids of the subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFF60DB3C9F76D141" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1865" box="[213,359,590,614]" class="Mammalia" family="Viverridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hemigalinae">Hemigalinae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFE35DB3C9FEBD141" box="[384,506,590,614]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Carnivora</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFDBBDB3C9C9DD141" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[526,652,590,614]" class="Mammalia" family="Viverridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Viverridae</taxonomicName>
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||
).
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFD12DB3C9A48D141" authority="Fain, 1970" authorityName="Fain" authorityYear="1970" box="[679,1113,590,614]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baramensis">
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<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFD12DB3C9DD0D141" box="[679,961,590,614]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Hemigalichus baramensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B76FFACFFEDFC64DB3C9A48D141" author="Fain A" box="[977,1113,590,614]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" pagination="271 - 300" refId="ref8962" refString="Fain A. 1970. Diagnoses de nouveaux Lobalgides and Listrophorides (Acarina: Sarcoptiformes). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 81: 271 - 300." type="journal article" year="1970">Fain, 1970</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFFC8DB1D9F04D1A0" authority="Bochkov & Oconnor, 2005" authorityName="Bochkov & Oconnor" authorityYear="2005" box="[125,277,623,647]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrotogale" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFFC8DB1D9F04D1A0" box="[125,277,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">H. chrotogale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25A57EEFFACFFEDFE91DB1D9F97D1A0" box="[292,390,623,647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
parasitize
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFDA5DB1D9DBDD1A0" authority="(Gray, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[528,940,623,647]" class="Mammalia" family="Viverridae" genus="Hemigalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="derbyanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFDA5DB1D9CEFD1A0" box="[528,766,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Hemigalus derbyanus</emphasis>
|
||
(Gray, 1837)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A7617FFACFFEDFC55DB1D9A56D1A0" box="[992,1095,623,647]" name="Malaysia" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B76FFACFFEDFBE8DB1D9EAAD180" author="Fain A" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" pagination="271 - 300" refId="ref8962" refString="Fain A. 1970. Diagnoses de nouveaux Lobalgides and Listrophorides (Acarina: Sarcoptiformes). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 81: 271 - 300." type="journal article" year="1970">Fain 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B76FFACFFEDFF67DBFD9F1ED180" author="Fain A" box="[210,271,655,679]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" pagination="179 - 190" refId="ref9068" refString="Fain A. 1980. On some new or little-known genera and species of Listrophoridae (Astigmata). International Journal of Acarology 6: 179 - 190." type="journal article" year="1980">1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFED2DBFD9FF4D180" box="[359,485,655,679]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" rank="species" species="owstoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFED2DBFD9FF4D180" box="[359,485,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">C. owstoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A7617FFACFFEDFD95DBFD9C97D180" box="[544,646,655,679]" name="Vietnam" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
, respectively. The subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFBB7DBFD9A85D180" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1865" box="[1026,1172,655,679]" class="Mammalia" family="Viverridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Hemigalinae">Hemigalinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
includes four monotypic genera, and listrophorid mites are known from two of them, thus, we might expect two more species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFD4EDBA29D9CD1CF" authorityName="Fain" authorityYear="1970" box="[763,909,720,744]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFD4EDBA29D9CD1CF" box="[763,909,720,744]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Hemigalichus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to occur on the other potential hemigaline hosts,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFE72DB829D2BD02F" authority="(Thomas, 1892)" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[455,826,752,776]" class="Mammalia" family="Viverridae" genus="Diplogale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hosei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFE72DB829C7DD02F" box="[455,620,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Diplogale hosei</emphasis>
|
||
(Thomas, 1892)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFCC9DB829EADD00E" authority="Gray, 1837" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Viverridae" genus="Cynogale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bennettii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFCC9DB829A56D02F" box="[892,1095,752,776]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Cynogale bennettii</emphasis>
|
||
Gray, 1837
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA23687FFACFFEDFFC8DA109D7BD05E" blockId="5.[125,874,866,890]" box="[125,874,866,890]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFFC8DA109C71D05E" box="[125,608,866,890]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Description of developmental stages based on</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFACFFEDFDDCDA109D18D05D" authority="Bochkov & Oconnor, 2005" authorityName="Bochkov & Oconnor" authorityYear="2005" box="[617,777,866,890]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrotogale" status="sp. nov.">H. chrotogale</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFCA7DA109D7BD05E" box="[786,874,866,889]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25A57EEFFACFFEDFCA7DA109D7BD05E" box="[786,874,866,889]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA23687FFACFFEDFFC8DAE19EE5D657" blockId="5.[125,1173,914,1392]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFFC8DAE19F53D08D" box="[125,322,914,938]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">
|
||
Larva (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A02FFACFFEDFF67DAE09F21D08D" box="[210,304,914,938]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="6.[138,198,1611,1630]" captionTargetBox="[189,1136,119,1569]" captionTargetId="figure-1@6.[182,1140,114,1575]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 1. Hemigalichus chrotogale sp. nov., larva. (A) Lateral view; (B–D) legs I–III in ventral view, respectively. Abbreviations: c.f., clasping flap, l.i., lateral incision, l.t., lateral tooth, o.g., opening of oil gland, p.c., podocephalic canal, s.g., opening of supracoxal gland. Scale bars: 25 mm (A); 50 mm (B–D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5221017/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Palps with large membranes and consisting of two podomeres. Basal podomere with two setae,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFE74DAC19FDFD0EC" box="[449,462,947,971]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">d</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFDA4DAC69C0ED0EC" box="[529,543,948,971]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">v</emphasis>
|
||
, apical podomere with one seta,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFC0DDAC19DD4D0EC" box="[952,965,947,971]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">d</emphasis>
|
||
, and two solenidia (v). Fixed digit of chelicera with three teeth; teeth of movable digit indistinct. Paraxial hood of chelicerae triangular. Antiaxial apophysis, cheliceral spur, and seta-like apophysis present. Infracapitulum ventrally with pair of large lateral protrusions. Pair of subcapitular setae and supracoxal setae present. Idiosoma with prescapular shield, postscapular and hysteronotal shields absent. Coxal apodemes I and II fused medially and apodemes III fused in anterior part. Pair of large clasping flaps between coxal fields I present. Idiosomal setation:
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFE55DDE49FE1D789" box="[480,496,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">si</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFDB7DDE49C04D78A" box="[514,533,1174,1197]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">se</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFD92DDE49C2FD789" box="[551,574,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">c1</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFDE4DDE49C78D789" box="[593,617,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">c2</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFDCEDDE49C82D789" box="[635,659,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">c3</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFD11DDE49CAAD78A" box="[676,699,1174,1197]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">cp</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFD78DDE49CF9D789" box="[717,744,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">d1</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFD4FDDE49D07D789" box="[762,790,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">d2</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFC92DDE49D2ED789" box="[807,831,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">e1</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFCE4DDE49D78D789" box="[849,873,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">e2</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFCCFDDE49D87D789" box="[890,918,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">h1</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFC1DDDE49DD5D789" box="[936,964,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">h2</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFC60DDE49DE1D789" box="[981,1008,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">1a</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFBB6DDE49A0FD789" box="[1027,1054,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">3a</emphasis>
|
||
. Setae
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFBCDDDE49A84D789" box="[1144,1173,1174,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">h2</emphasis>
|
||
microsetae, situated ventrally. Prescapular shield extending lateroventrally between bases of legs I–II. Femur I with dorsal tooth situated medially. Leg sensilla: I trochanter 0, femur 1 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFE20DD8A9FA5D628" box="[405,436,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">vF</emphasis>
|
||
), genu 2 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFD8DDD859C46D628" box="[568,599,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">cG</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFDDFDD859C82D628" box="[618,659,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">mG</emphasis>
|
||
), tibia 2 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFCA7DD8A9D21D628" box="[786,816,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">gT</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFCF7DD859D40D628" bold="true" box="[834,849,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">w</emphasis>
|
||
), tarsus 9 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFC55DD8A9A11D628" box="[992,1024,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">wa</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFBA6DD8A9A3BD628" box="[1043,1066,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">ra</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFB88DD859A40D628" box="[1085,1105,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">la</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFBD1DD8A9A7CD628" box="[1124,1133,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">s</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFBCADD859A9DD628" box="[1151,1164,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">d</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFFC8DC6A9E96D608" box="[125,135,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">e</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFF29DC659EB2D608" box="[156,163,1303,1327]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">f</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFF02DC6A9ED0D617" bold="true" box="[183,193,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">E</emphasis>
|
||
, v
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFF52DC659EE4D608" box="[231,245,1303,1327]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">1</emphasis>
|
||
); II trochanter 0, femur 1 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFDE4DC6A9C61D608" box="[593,624,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">vF</emphasis>
|
||
), genu 2 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFD42DC659D07D608" box="[759,790,1303,1327]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">cG</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFC9EDC659D45D608" box="[811,852,1303,1327]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">mG</emphasis>
|
||
), tibia 2 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFC62DC6A9DE4D608" box="[983,1013,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">gT</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFBBDDC6A9A06D617" bold="true" box="[1032,1047,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">w</emphasis>
|
||
), tarsus 8 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFF3DDC4A9EB9D668" box="[136,168,1336,1359]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">wa</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFF0FDC4A9EC0D668" box="[186,209,1336,1359]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">ra</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFF57DC4A9EE7D677" box="[226,246,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">la</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFEBDDC4A9F00D668" box="[264,273,1336,1359]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">s</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFE96DC4A9F21D677" box="[291,304,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">d</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFEF4DC4A9F5AD668" box="[321,331,1336,1359]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">e</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFEE8DC4A9F75D677" box="[349,356,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">f</emphasis>
|
||
, v
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFE3DDC4A9F87D677" box="[392,406,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">1</emphasis>
|
||
); III trochanter 0, femur 0, genu 0, tibia 2 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFC1BDC4A9DDFD677" box="[942,974,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">kT</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFC6ADC4A9DFFD677" bold="true" box="[991,1006,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">w</emphasis>
|
||
), tarsus 5 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFBCFDC4A9A9DD668" box="[1146,1164,1336,1359]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">w</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFFC8DC2B9E97D657" box="[125,134,1369,1392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">r</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFF2EDC2A9EB9D657" box="[155,168,1368,1392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">d</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFF09DC2B9ED7D657" box="[188,198,1369,1392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">e</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFF6EDC2A9EF3D657" box="[219,226,1368,1392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">f</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA23687FFACFFEDFFC8DCEB9FF4D6D5" blockId="5.[125,1173,1433,1522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFFC8DCEB9F6ED696" box="[125,383,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">
|
||
Protonymph (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A02FFACFFEDFEBADCEB9F7ED696" box="[271,367,1433,1457]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="7.[125,185,1386,1405]" captionTargetBox="[132,1170,140,1347]" captionTargetId="figure-74@7.[125,1173,133,1350]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 2. Hemigalichus chrotogale sp. nov., protonymph. (A) Dorsal view; (B) ventral view; (C) leg IV in ventral view. Scale bars: 25 mm (A, B); 50 mm (C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5221019/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Setae
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFE64DCEB9FF7D696" box="[465,486,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">f2</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFE41DCEB9C01D696" box="[500,528,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">h3</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFDABDCEB9C4CD696" box="[542,605,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">ps1–3</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFD29DCE89CB9D696" box="[668,680,1434,1457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">g</emphasis>
|
||
added. One pair of distinct genital papillae present between coxal fields IV. Coxal apodemes III fused medially. Leg setation with setae
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFFC8DCA89E9BD6D5" box="[125,138,1498,1522]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">d</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFF2EDCA99EB5D6D5" box="[155,164,1499,1522]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">r</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFF5CDCA99EEAD6D5" box="[233,251,1499,1522]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">w</emphasis>
|
||
of tarsus IV added.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA23687FFACFFEDFFC8DF699C52D5B3" blockId="5.[125,1173,1563,1684]" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFFC8DF699F92D514" box="[125,387,1563,1587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">
|
||
Teleonymph (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13262A02FFACFFEDFEA1DF699F65D514" box="[276,372,1563,1587]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[138,198,1611,1630]" captionTargetBox="[140,1184,148,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-0@8.[138,1186,143,1575]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Hemigalichus chrotogale sp. nov., teleonymph. (A) Ventral view; (B) coxa of leg II; (C) leg IV in ventral view. Abbreviations: fe, femur; ge, genu; ta, tarsus; ti, tibia; tr, trochanter. Scale bars: 100 mm (A); 50 mm (B, C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221021" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5221021/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Setae
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFE69DF699FE9D514" box="[476,504,1563,1587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">4a</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFD8EDF699C44D514" box="[571,597,1563,1587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">4b</emphasis>
|
||
added on idiosoma, setae
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFC2ADF699DAED514" box="[927,959,1563,1587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">kT</emphasis>
|
||
and solenidion
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFB30DF699A85D514" bold="true" box="[1157,1172,1563,1587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">w</emphasis>
|
||
added on tibia IV, and setae
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFE65DF4E9FCBD574" box="[464,474,1596,1619]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">e</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFE5EDF499FE3D574" box="[491,498,1595,1619]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">f</emphasis>
|
||
added on tarsus IV. Two pairs of distinct genital papillae between coxal fields IV. Setae
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFE55DF2E9FEBD553" box="[480,506,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">4b</emphasis>
|
||
microsetae, situated immediately behind
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFACFFEDFC6BDF2E9DEBD553" box="[990,1018,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="3814">3a</emphasis>
|
||
. Fused coxal apodemes III form short median crest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF62660FFFAFFFEEFF3FDF399D72D5B4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221017" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5221017" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5221017/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="3815" startId="6.[138,198,1611,1630]" targetBox="[189,1136,119,1569]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA23687FFAFFFEEFF3FDF399D72D5B4" blockId="6.[138,1186,1611,1683]" pageId="6" pageNumber="3815">
|
||
Figure 1.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFAFFFEEFF5FDF399FADD579" authority="Bochkov & Oconnor, 2005" authorityName="Bochkov & Oconnor" authorityYear="2005" box="[234,444,1611,1630]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="6" pageNumber="3815" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrotogale" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFAFFFEEFF5FDF399FADD579" box="[234,444,1611,1630]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="3815">Hemigalichus chrotogale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25A57EEFFAFFFEEFE76DF399C01D579" box="[451,528,1611,1630]" pageId="6" pageNumber="3815" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, larva. (A) Lateral view; (B–D) legs I–III in ventral view, respectively. Abbreviations: c.f., clasping flap, l.i., lateral incision, l.t., lateral tooth, o.g., opening of oil gland, p.c., podocephalic canal, s.g., opening of supracoxal gland. Scale bars: 25 mm (A); 50 mm (B–D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF62660FFFAEFFEFFFC8DC189C01D6BF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221019" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5221019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5221019/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816" startId="7.[125,185,1386,1405]" targetBox="[132,1170,140,1347]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA23687FFAEFFEFFFC8DC189C01D6BF" blockId="7.[125,1172,1386,1432]" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816">
|
||
Figure 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFAEFFEFFF68DC189FBED65A" authority="Bochkov & Oconnor, 2005" authorityName="Bochkov & Oconnor" authorityYear="2005" box="[221,431,1386,1405]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrotogale" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFAEFFEFFF68DC189FBED65A" box="[221,431,1386,1405]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816">Hemigalichus chrotogale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25A57EEFFAEFFEFFE03DC189C12D65A" box="[438,515,1386,1405]" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, protonymph. (A) Dorsal view; (B) ventral view; (C) leg IV in ventral view. Scale bars: 25 mm (A, B); 50 mm (C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA23687FFAEFFEFFFC8DCB89ECDD6C5" blockId="7.[125,220,1482,1506]" box="[125,220,1482,1506]" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFAEFFEFFFC8DCB89ECDD6C5" box="[125,220,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA23687FFAEFFE1FFC8DC899A84D3C7" blockId="7.[125,1172,1531,1685]" lastBlockId="9.[125,1173,136,224]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="3818" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816">
|
||
We did not detect any qualitative distinctions that would allow recognition of male and female proto- and teleonymphs. However, we did discern two size classes among protonymphs that differed significantly from each other (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFAEFFEFFD46DF4E9CEAD574" box="[755,763,1596,1619]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816">t</emphasis>
|
||
test,
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFAEFFEFFCF1DF4E9D45D574" box="[836,852,1596,1619]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816">P</emphasis>
|
||
,0.05). The ‘‘large protonymphs’’ ranged from
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B62FFAEFFEFFE30DF2E9C0ED553" box="[389,543,1628,1652]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.366" metricValueMax="7.874" metricValueMin="6.858" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816" unit="in" value="290.0" valueMax="310.0" valueMin="270.0">270 to 310 in</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1BFD0EFFAEFFEFFD92DF2E9CD4D553" box="[551,709,1628,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, while the ‘‘small protonymphs’’ ranged from
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B62FFAEFFEFFF08DF0F9F4DD5B2" box="[189,348,1661,1685]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.461" metricValueMax="5.842" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816" unit="in" value="215.0" valueMax="230.0" valueMin="200.0">200 to 230 in</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1BFD0EFFAEFFEFFED0DF0F9C17D5B2" box="[357,518,1661,1685]" pageId="7" pageNumber="3816" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
. These two size classes also exist in teleonymphs. Based on observations of pharate specimens, the ‘‘large teleonymphs’’ (body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B62FFA0FFE1FBBAD9FA9A85D387" box="[1039,1172,136,160]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.144" metricValueMax="9.398" metricValueMin="8.89" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" unit="in" value="360.0" valueMax="370.0" valueMin="350.0">350–370 in</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1BFD0EFFA0FFE1FFC8D9DA9F0ED3E7" box="[125,287,168,192]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
) moult into the heteromorphic males, and the ‘‘small teleonymph’’ (body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CE59B62FFA0FFE1FF7BD9BA9F42D3C7" box="[206,339,200,224]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.366" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="7.112" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" unit="in" value="290.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="280.0">280–300 in</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1BFD0EFFA0FFE1FEE9D9BA9FEAD3C7" box="[348,507,200,224]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
) include both the homeomorphic male and female lines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF62660FFFA1FFE0FF3FDF399EDFD5B4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5221021" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5221021" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5221021/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="3817" startId="8.[138,198,1611,1630]" targetBox="[140,1184,148,1574]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA23687FFA1FFE0FF3FDF399EDFD5B4" blockId="8.[138,1185,1611,1683]" pageId="8" pageNumber="3817">
|
||
Figure 3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFA1FFE0FF5BDF399FD2D579" authority="Bochkov & Oconnor, 2005" authorityName="Bochkov & Oconnor" authorityYear="2005" box="[238,451,1611,1630]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="8" pageNumber="3817" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrotogale" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFA1FFE0FF5BDF399FD2D579" box="[238,451,1611,1630]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="3817">Hemigalichus chrotogale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25A57EEFFA1FFE0FE78DF399C0CD579" box="[461,541,1611,1630]" pageId="8" pageNumber="3817" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, teleonymph. (A) Ventral view; (B) coxa of leg II; (C) leg IV in ventral view. Abbreviations: fe, femur; ge, genu; ta, tarsus; ti, tibia; tr, trochanter. Scale bars: 100 mm (A); 50 mm (B, C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA23687FFA0FFE1FFC8D86A9C3AD217" blockId="9.[125,555,280,304]" box="[125,555,280,304]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFA0FFE1FFC8D86A9C3AD217" box="[125,555,280,304]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818">Precopulatory mate-guarding behaviour</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA23687FFA0FFE1FFC8D83B9D81D0D9" blockId="9.[125,1173,329,1022]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818">
|
||
We observed numerous males attached to teleonymphs. This phenomenon is widely observed among parasitic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFA0FFE1FE06D81B9C36D2A6" box="[435,551,361,385]" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astigmata" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Astigmata</taxonomicName>
|
||
and has been termed pre-copulatory mate-guarding behaviour (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B76FFA0FFE1FEB3D8FB9C0BD286" author="Witalinski W & Dabert J & Walzl MG" box="[262,538,393,417]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" pagination="49 - 54" refId="ref9482" refString="Witalinski W, Dabert J, Walzl MG. 1992. Morphological adaptation for precopulatory guarding in astigmatic mites (Acari: Acaridida). International Journal of Acarology 18: 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1992">Witalinski et al. 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is the first record of such behaviour in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFA0FFE1FFC8D8DA9F39D2E7" authorityName="Megnin and Trouessart" authorityYear="1884" box="[125,296,424,448]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Listrophoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and probably represents an isolated instance of this behaviour. In many parasitic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFA0FFE1FF58D8BA9F70D2C7" box="[237,353,456,480]" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astigmata" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Astigmata</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibiting precopulatory mate guarding (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFA0FFE1FC14D8BA9A54D2C7" authorityName="Trouessart" authorityYear="1892" box="[929,1093,456,480]" class="Arachnida" family="Chirodiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chirodiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFA0FFE1FFC8D89A9F1BD127" authorityName="G.Canestrini" authorityYear="1892" box="[125,266,488,512]" class="Arachnida" family="Psoroptidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Psoroptidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFA0FFE1FEA9D89A9FE2D127" box="[284,499,488,512]" class="Arachnida" family="Proctophyllodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Proctophyllodidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, etc.), teleonymphs have specialized projections on the posterior idiosoma or modified setae that interact with the male para-anal suckers. In most cases of precopulatory mate guarding, the male is positioned above the posterior part of the teleonymphal idiosoma, and the long axes of the bodies of the partners are orientated in opposite directions. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFA0FFE1FE30DB1B9C05D1A7" authorityName="Bochkov & Oconnor" authorityYear="2005" box="[389,532,616,640]" class="Arachnida" family="Listrophoridae" genus="Hemigalichus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acari" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrotogale">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFA0FFE1FE30DB1B9C05D1A7" box="[389,532,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818">H. chrotogale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, however, the male is positioned above the anterior part of the teleonymphal idiosoma, and the body axes of the partners are orientated in the same direction. The heteromorphic male clutches the teleonymph’s idiosoma with modified legs III–IV; the femora and genua III–IV in these mites are ventrally concave and armed with strongly sclerotized crests, but the para-anal suckers do not participate in the attachment. Teleonymphs have no idiosomal protrusions or other special attaching structures. This positioning and modification of the posterior legs are similar to those of certain
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFA0FFE1FBF6DA559EC6D078" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1942" class="Arachnida" family="Atopomelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Atopomelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFA0FFE1FE95DA359C41D078" authority="Hirst, 1917" authorityName="Hirst" authorityYear="1917" box="[288,592,839,863]" class="Arachnida" family="Atopomelidae" genus="Chirodiscoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969EA95FFA0FFE1FE95DA359FA9D078" box="[288,440,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818">Chirodiscoides</emphasis>
|
||
Hirst, 1917
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Among the possible functions of precopulatory mate guarding, sperm competition and shortening of the receptivity of the newly moulted female have been suggested (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B76FFA0FFE1FE79DAF59CDBD0B8" author="Witalinski W & Dabert J & Walzl MG" box="[460,714,903,927]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" pagination="49 - 54" refId="ref9482" refString="Witalinski W, Dabert J, Walzl MG. 1992. Morphological adaptation for precopulatory guarding in astigmatic mites (Acari: Acaridida). International Journal of Acarology 18: 49 - 54." type="journal article" year="1992">Witalinski et al. 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B76FFA0FFE1FD63DAF59D6BD0B8" author="Fashing N" box="[726,890,903,927]" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" pagination="176 - 179" refId="ref9169" refString="Fashing N. 2001. Morphological adaptations associated with mate-guarding behaviour in the genus Hericia (Acari: Algophagidae). In: Halliday RB, Walter DE, Norton RA, Colloff MJ, editors. Acarology: proceedings of the 10 th International Congress. Collingwood (Australia): CSIRO Publishing. p 176 - 179." type="book chapter" year="2001">Fashing 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In parasitic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D04FFA0FFE1FBADDAF59A81D0B8" box="[1048,1168,903,927]" class="Arachnida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astigmata" pageId="9" pageNumber="3818" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Astigmata</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the latter reason could be especially important for dispersal to new hosts at the time of host social or sexual contacts. In this case, the timely meeting of the sexual partners is assured even in conditions of low mite population density on the new host.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |