322 lines
29 KiB
XML
322 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1145-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" ID-ZooBank="830628C276CD4641BFC6144CD775ED6B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1145-1" checkinTime="1675506069289" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hedin, Marshal & Milne, Marc A." docDate="2023" docId="6918A53821035156A9EC58BFE6F41345" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1145: 1-130" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1145" docPubDate="2023-02-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724" docTitle="Nesticus binfordae Hedin & Milne 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="70333742-4E8D-46B5-BA00-455CEEAA4E32" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" masterDocTitle="New species in old mountains: integrative taxonomy reveals ten new species and extensive short-range endemism in Nesticus spiders (Araneae, Nesticidae) from the southern Appalachian Mountains" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1675506069289" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New species in old mountains: integrative taxonomy reveals ten new species and extensive short-range endemism in Nesticus spiders (Araneae, Nesticidae) from the southern Appalachian Mountains</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hedin, Marshal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182 - 4614, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mhedin@sdsu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Milne, Marc A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1943-0161</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46227, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-02-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1145</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>130</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1145-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">830628C276CD4641BFC6144CD775ED6B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:70333742-4E8D-46B5-BA00-455CEEAA4E32" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6918A53821035156A9EC58BFE6F41345" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/70333742-4E8D-46B5-BA00-455CEEAA4E32" authority="Hedin & Milne, 2023" authorityName="Hedin & Milne" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus binfordae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binfordae" status="sp. nov.">Nesticus binfordae</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57" captionStartId="F57" captionText="Figure 57. Nesticus binfordae sp. nov. ♂ palps. Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Middle Prong Little Pigeon River, MCH specimen # 1290, dorsal (A), ventral (B). Middle Prong Little Pigeon River, MCH specimen # 1289, dorsal (C). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804508" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 57A-C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 58. Nesticus binfordae sp. nov. epigynal variation. Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Middle Prong Little Pigeon River, MCH specimen # 1283, ventral (A), dorsal (B). Tennessee, Cocke Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, N side of Indian Camp Creek, MCH specimen # 1981, ventral (C), dorsal (D). Tennessee, Cocke Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, trail from Low Gap to Mt. Cammerer, MCH 00 _ 146, ventral (E), dorsal (F). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure58" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804509" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 58A-F</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Type material:
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1992-08-20" collectorName="Great Smoky Mountains NP, M. Hedin" country="USA" county="Sevier Co." latitude="35.7042" location="Greenbrier" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.3653" municipality="Great Smoky Mountains" specimenCount="♂" stateProvince="Tennessee" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCountry name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
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-
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="Tennessee">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty>Sevier Co.</collectingCounty>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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;
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<collectorName>
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<collectingMunicipality>Great Smoky Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
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NP
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</collectorName>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6918A53821035156A9EC58BFE6F41345:84440DAE5D1DAF727A23CB4F6A75AD36" country="USA" county="Sevier Co." latitude="35.7042" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.3653" municipality="Great Smoky Mountains" name="Greenbrier" stateProvince="Tennessee">Greenbrier</location>
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Cove,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6918A53821035156A9EC58BFE6F41345:E3BBBF62FA64121823E53DCC1EB32902" country="USA" county="Sevier Co." latitude="35.7042" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-83.3653" municipality="Great Smoky Mountains" name="Middle Prong Little Pigeon River" stateProvince="Tennessee">Middle Prong Little Pigeon River</location>
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,
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<locationDeviation location="Greenbrier Picnic Area">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0921472" unit="mi" value="1.3">1.3 mi.</quantity>
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upstream Greenbrier Picnic Area
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</locationDeviation>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="35.7042" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.7042">35.7042°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="83.3653" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.3653">83.3653°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1992-08-20">20 Aug. 1992</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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leg; MCH specimen #1290
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</materialsCitation>
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</emphasis>
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;
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1994-04-16" collectingDateMax="2000-08-01" collectingDateMin="1994-04-16" collectorName="Great Smoky Mountains NP, M. Hedin, B. Dellinger, Low Gap" country="United States of America" county="Sevier Co." latitude="35.754" location="Non" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-83.1658" municipality="Mt. Cammerer" specimenCount="21" specimenCount-female="16" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Tennessee" typeStatus="Paratypes">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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: -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectingCounty>Sevier Co.</collectingCounty>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus>paratype</typeStatus>
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; data as for holotype; MCH specimen #1287; •
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<specimenCount type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">14♀</specimenCount>
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; data as for
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6918A53821035156A9EC58BFE6F41345:0AE4BDBE297163E3D81E183D99638A03" country="United States of America" county="Sevier Co." latitude="35.754" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-83.1658" municipality="Mt. Cammerer" name="Non" stateProvince="Tennessee">Non</location>
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type material
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</emphasis>
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: -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6918A53821035156A9EC58BFE6F41345:A462DB809A485327233C75242F3A1EC4" country="United States of America" county="Sevier Co." latitude="35.754" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-83.1658" municipality="Mt. Cammerer" name="Cocke Co." stateProvince="Tennessee">Cocke Co.</location>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectorName>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6918A53821035156A9EC58BFE6F41345:76723302AAB67C9AD076DC037A3426EA" country="United States of America" county="Sevier Co." latitude="35.754" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-83.1658" municipality="Mt. Cammerer" name="Great Smoky Mountains" stateProvince="Tennessee">Great Smoky Mountains</location>
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NP
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</collectorName>
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, N side
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6918A53821035156A9EC58BFE6F41345:FDB8283A42E00D9566F4FA86F9DA3775" country="United States of America" county="Sevier Co." latitude="35.754" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-83.1658" municipality="Mt. Cammerer" name="Indian Camp Creek on Maddron Bald Trail" stateProvince="Tennessee">Indian Camp Creek on Maddron Bald Trail</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="35.7378" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="35.7378">35.7378°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="83.2777" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.2777">83.2777°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1994-04-16">16 Apr. 1994</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>B. Dellinger</collectorName>
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leg.; •
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectorName>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6918A53821035156A9EC58BFE6F41345:47B452311415CD58047E97BCE5E7270A" country="United States of America" county="Sevier Co." latitude="35.754" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="-83.1658" municipality="Mt. Cammerer" name="Great Smoky Mountains" stateProvince="Tennessee">Great Smoky Mountains</location>
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NP
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</collectorName>
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, trail from
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<collectorName>Low Gap</collectorName>
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to
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<collectingMunicipality>Mt. Cammerer</collectingMunicipality>
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;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="35.754" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="35.754">35.754°N</geoCoordinate>
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, -
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<geoCoordinate degrees="83.1658" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-83.1658">83.1658°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2000-08-01">1 Aug. 2000</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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leg.; MCH 00_146
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Most similar to close phylogenomic kin
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hedin & Milne" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus dykemanae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dykemanae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus dykemanae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Nesticus dykemanae sp. nov. genitalia. ♂ palps - Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Hwy 441 near Chimney Tops trailhead, MCH 00 _ 143 (SDSU _ TAC 000673), ♂ palp ventral (A), dorsal (B) C Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Hwy 441, between tunnel and Chimney picnic area, MCH specimen # 1977, ♂ palp ventral. Scale bar: 0.5 mm. epigynal variation - Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Hwy 441 near Chimney Tops trailhead, MCH 00 _ 143 (SDSU _ TAC 000674), epigynum ventral (D), dorsal (E). Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Hwy 441, between tunnel and Chimney picnic area, MCH specimen # 1973, epigynum ventral (F), dorsal (G). Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Hwy 441, N of Chimneys campground, epigynum ventral (H), dorsal (I). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804510" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59A-C</figureCitation>
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) and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. jonesi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. jonesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Nesticus jonesi genitalia A Alabama, Morgan Co., Cave Spring Cave, MCH specimen # 1644, ♂ palp, ventral. Alabama, Morgan Co., Cave Spring Cave, MCH specimen # 1656, epigynum, ventral (B), dorsal (C). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804507" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">56A</figureCitation>
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). Differing from the latter in having a sharp-tipped median apophysis, the shape of the basal tegular apophysis, and having a whip-like paradistal paracymbial process. Very similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. dykemanae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dykemanae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. dykemanae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, sharing the double-tipped median apophysis, but differing in the shape of the basal tegular apophysis and possessing a whip-like paradistal process. Sharing an almost identical epigynal morphology with
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. jonesi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. jonesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description of ♂ holotype</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(MCH specimen #1290).</emphasis>
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Carapace dirty light orange, dusky lines leading from fovea to eye group. Legs colored as carapace, without markings. Abdomen background color as carapace, six pairs of lateral faint darker markings. All eyes approximately equal in size, except for AMEs, ~ 1/4 width of ALEs. Eyes with rings of dark pigment. CL 1.5, CW 1.3, abdomen length 1.7, total body length 3.2. Leg I total length 14.2 (3.9, 0.7, 4.35, 3.85, 1.4), leg formula 1423, leg I / CW ratio 10.9. Palp with broadly S-shaped tegular apophysis, distal part a short skinny curved blade with tapered tip, basal fork of apophysis a squat sclerotized spade with rounded edges (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57" captionStartId="F57" captionText="Figure 57. Nesticus binfordae sp. nov. ♂ palps. Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Middle Prong Little Pigeon River, MCH specimen # 1290, dorsal (A), ventral (B). Middle Prong Little Pigeon River, MCH specimen # 1289, dorsal (C). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804508" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">57A-C</figureCitation>
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). Median apophysis anvil-shaped, both ends with sharp tips. Conductor tip bent, surrounded by small funnel-shaped cuticular sheath. Paracymbium with a skinny whip-like paradistal process, and distal process finger-like with slight serration along paradistal edge. Lacking a dorsomedial process. Distal part of ventral paracymbial process thickened, forming a small blade without cusps (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57" captionStartId="F57" captionText="Figure 57. Nesticus binfordae sp. nov. ♂ palps. Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Middle Prong Little Pigeon River, MCH specimen # 1290, dorsal (A), ventral (B). Middle Prong Little Pigeon River, MCH specimen # 1289, dorsal (C). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804508" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">57A-C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804508" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 57" startId="F57">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 57.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hedin & Milne" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus binfordae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binfordae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus binfordae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. ♂ palps. Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Middle Prong Little Pigeon River, MCH specimen #1290, dorsal (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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), ventral (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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). Middle Prong Little Pigeon River, MCH specimen #1289, dorsal (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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). Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="♂ variation">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">♂ Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Males are only known from the type locality and all match the holotype male, except for MCH specimen #1289 which lacks the paracymbial paradistal process (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57" captionStartId="F57" captionText="Figure 57. Nesticus binfordae sp. nov. ♂ palps. Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Middle Prong Little Pigeon River, MCH specimen # 1290, dorsal (A), ventral (B). Middle Prong Little Pigeon River, MCH specimen # 1289, dorsal (C). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804508" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">57C</figureCitation>
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). Close examination of this specimen suggests that this process was broken off (process base is evident).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description of ♀ paratype</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(MCH specimen #1287).</emphasis>
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Carapace subdued burnt orange, distinct darker markings leading from fovea forward, dusky ring to edge of carapace. Legs light orange, with faint dusky dark markings. Abdomen slightly paler than carapace, with fused distal lateral dark markings. Posterior eyes approximately equal in size, ALE slightly smaller than PLEs, AMEs ~ 1/4 width of ALEs. Eyes with rings of dark pigment. CL 1.65, CW 1.4, abdomen length 2.35, total body length 4. Leg I total length 13.15 (3.75, 0.75, 4, 3.25, 1.4), leg formula 1423, leg I / CW ratio 9.4. Epigynum generally wider than tall, median septum relatively wide at top with adjacent heart-shaped lateral pockets (considering both sides). Septum narrows towards posterior end where lateral bars extend obliquely upwards, dark spermathecae lying beneath these bars and approximately following the upwards oblique path. Median septum extending past these bars and dipping inwards towards the abdomen. Viewed dorsally, dorsal internal plates lying slightly above sclerotization of the lateral pockets.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="♀ variation">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">♀ Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Females from different locations share a very similar epigynal morphology (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 58. Nesticus binfordae sp. nov. epigynal variation. Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Middle Prong Little Pigeon River, MCH specimen # 1283, ventral (A), dorsal (B). Tennessee, Cocke Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, N side of Indian Camp Creek, MCH specimen # 1981, ventral (C), dorsal (D). Tennessee, Cocke Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, trail from Low Gap to Mt. Cammerer, MCH 00 _ 146, ventral (E), dorsal (F). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure58" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804509" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">58A-F</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure58" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804509" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 58" startId="F58">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 58.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hedin & Milne" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus binfordae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binfordae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus binfordae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. epigynal variation. Tennessee, Sevier Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, Middle Prong Little Pigeon River, MCH specimen #1283, ventral (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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), dorsal (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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). Tennessee, Cocke Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, N side of Indian Camp Creek, MCH specimen #1981, ventral (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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), dorsal (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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). Tennessee, Cocke Co., Great Smoky Mountains NP, trail from Low Gap to Mt. Cammerer, MCH 00_146, ventral (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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), dorsal (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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). Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and natural history.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Known only from three parallel north-flowing drainages in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, including the Middle Prong of the Little Pigeon River, and more easterly draining Indian Camp and Cosby Creeks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">At the type locality in 1992 spiders were "very abundant in rock crevices, low to the ground, close to the river".</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Along the Maddron Bald and Mt. Cammerer trails we collected both
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hedin & Milne" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus cherokeensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cherokeensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus cherokeensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. binfordae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binfordae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. binfordae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, indicating that these species are syntopic or nearly so at these locations. At both locations multiple collections were taken along an elevational transect and unfortunately lumped into a single collecting event, so it is not possible to discern if different species were collected at the exact same location (truly syntopic) or were closely parapatric along these elevational transects.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Named to honor Dr. Greta Binford. Friend, arachnologist, and Past President of the American Arachnological Society (AAS), here recognized for her inspirational spider research and her leadership in making the AAS a more diverse and welcoming society. We suspect that Dr. Binford would also greatly appreciate the beauty of the habitats that this spider calls home.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Part of a near phylogenomic trichotomy with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hedin & Milne" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus dykemanae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dykemanae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus dykemanae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. jonesi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jonesi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. jonesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. UCE concatenated maximum likelihood tree. Distant outgroups removed (for graphical purposes), specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Node numbers correspond to bootstrap (bold text) / gCF / sCF. Only bootstrap values below 100 shown, all others 100. gCF and sCF values rounded to nearest integer; sCF values below 38 highlighted with red text." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. UCE ASTRAL species tree. Distant outgroups removed (for graphical purposes), specimen numbers correspond to those in Suppl. material 3 (with detailed location provided in Suppl. material 1). Included are quartet support values (rounded to nearest integer), and local posterior probability values (if less than 1.0, red text). Branch lengths in coalescent units for internal branches only, terminal branch lengths arbitrary. Internal branch to Nesticus cressleri truncated for graphical purposes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">4</figureCitation>
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), with sCF values near a lower limit.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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This species was called "N novsp2" (from site 48) in
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb05115.x" author="Hedin, MC" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1929 - 1945" refId="B16" refString="Hedin, MC, 1997b. Speciational history in a diverse clade of habitat-specialized spiders (Araneae: Nesticidae: Nesticus): inferences from geographic-based sampling. Evolution 51: 1929 - 1945, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb05115.x" title="Speciational history in a diverse clade of habitat-specialized spiders (Araneae: Nesticidae: Nesticus): inferences from geographic-based sampling." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb05115.x" volume="51" year="1997 b">Hedin (1997b)</bibRefCitation>
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and lumped with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hedin & Milne" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus dykemanae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dykemanae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus dykemanae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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despite having distinctive (non-sister) ND1/16S sequences.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |