203 lines
16 KiB
XML
203 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" approvalRequired="37" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="8" approvalRequired_for_treatments="29" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FFFC6A4CFA979B421CA0BCB9" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Nyctalus montanus Barrett-Hamilton 1906" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="766" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="765" updateTime="1658412944878" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>716</mods:start>
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<mods:end>981</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6397752</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6403386" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628494" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6403386" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FFFC6A4CFA979B421CA0BCB9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FFFC6A4CFA979B421CA0BCB9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="766" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">
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<subSubSection box="[1387,1441,3355,3401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[1382,2294,3355,3480]" box="[1387,1441,3355,3401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">
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<heading box="[1387,1441,3355,3401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">
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<figureCitation box="[1387,1441,3355,3401]" captionStart="Plate 55: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="3.[121,153,3361,3382]" captionTargetBox="[12,2741,18,3658]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="1. Desert Yellow Lesser House Bat (Scotoecus pallidus), 2. Dark-winged Lesser House Bat (Scotoecus hirundo), 3. Light-winged Lesser House Bat (Scotoecus albofuscus), 4. Ruppell’s Bat (Vansonia rueppellii), 5. Indochinese Thick-thumbed Bat (Glischropus bucephalus), 6. Dark Thick-thumbed Bat (Glischropus aquilus), 7. Common Thick-thumbed Bat (Glischropus tylopus), 8. Javan Thick-thumbed Bat (Glischropus javanus), 9. Dormer’s Bat (Scotozous dormeri), 10. Chinese Noctule (Nyctalus plancyi), 11. Bird-like Noctule (Nyctalus aviator), 12. Japanese Noctule (Nyctalus furvus), 13. Mountain Noctule (Nyctalus montanus), 14. Greater Noctule (Nyctalus lasiopterus), 15. Common Noctule (Nyctalus noctula), 16. Leisler’s Noctule (Nyctalus leisleri), 17. Azores Noctule (Nyctalus azoreum)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398500/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">13.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1459,1843,3355,3401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[1382,2294,3355,3480]" box="[1459,1843,3355,3401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">
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<heading box="[1459,1843,3355,3401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">
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<vernacularName box="[1459,1843,3355,3401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">Mountain Noctule</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1914,2262,3355,3401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[1382,2294,3355,3480]" box="[1914,2262,3355,3401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">
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<heading box="[1914,2262,3355,3401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Barrett-Hamilton" authorityYear="1906" box="[1914,2262,3355,3401]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nyctalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="765" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanus">
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<emphasis box="[1914,2262,3355,3401]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">Nyctalus montanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="765" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[1382,2294,3355,3480]" box="[1384,2293,3419,3440]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">
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<heading box="[1384,2293,3419,3440]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1384,1459,3419,3440]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1469,1708,3419,3440]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">Noctule des montagnes</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1729,1820,3419,3440]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1830,1999,3419,3440]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">Bergabendsegler</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2019,2111,3419,3440]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2121,2196,3419,3440]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">Noctulo</vernacularName>
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montano
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[1382,2294,3355,3480]" box="[1383,1826,3458,3479]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">
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<heading box="[1383,1826,3458,3479]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1383,1630,3458,3479]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1640,1826,3458,3479]" pageId="7" pageNumber="765">Himalayan Noctule</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="766" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[788,1383,285,708]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[789,944,285,314]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Barrett-Hamilton, 1906" authorityName="Barrett-Hamilton" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plerygistes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="766" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanus">Plerygistes montanus Barrett-Hamilton, 1906</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="766" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[788,1383,285,708]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319676" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">
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“Mussooree, Northwestern Himalayas [Dehra Dun,
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<collectingRegion country="India" name="Uttar Pradesh" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Uttar Pradesh</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[923,1003,403,432]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">India</collectingCountry>
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], at an altitude of
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" metricValueMax="1.6764" metricValueMin="1.3716" pageId="8" pageNumber="766" unit="ft" value="5000.0" valueMax="5500.0" valueMin="4500.0">4500 to 5500 feet</quantity>
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[=
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<quantity box="[968,1188,442,471]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" metricValueMax="1.6759999999999997" metricValueMin="1.3719999999999999" pageId="8" pageNumber="766" unit="m" value="1524.0" valueMax="1676.0" valueMin="1372.0">1372 to 1676 m</quantity>
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].”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="766" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[788,1383,285,708]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">
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The phylogenetic affiliations of N.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Barrett-Hamilton" authorityYear="1906" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nyctalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="766" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanus">montanus</taxonomicName>
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are uncertain but morphologically it 1s most similar to N.
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<taxonomicName authorityName=": Kuhl" authorityYear="1817" box="[1082,1156,565,590]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="766" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leisler">leisler</taxonomicName>
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:, in which it has been included as a subspecies. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="766" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397792" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6397792/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="766" targetBox="[172,765,288,702]" targetPageId="8">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[788,1383,285,708]" lastBlockId="8.[171,1381,714,1931]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[788,964,636,669]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Distribution.</emphasis>
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WC
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<collectingCountry box="[1035,1204,636,669]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion box="[1227,1381,636,669]" country="Afghanistan" name="Nangarhar" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Nangarhar</collectingRegion>
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and
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<collectingRegion box="[858,960,675,708]" country="Afghanistan" name="Paktika" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Paktika</collectingRegion>
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provinces) and along the S Himalayas of N
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<collectingCountry box="[407,481,714,747]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">India</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion box="[505,768,714,747]" country="India" name="Himachal Pradesh" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Himachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
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and
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<collectingRegion box="[847,1027,714,747]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
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) and W
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<collectingCountry box="[1159,1244,714,747]" name="Nepal" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Nepal</collectingCountry>
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; it apparently occurs in N
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<collectingCountry box="[423,541,752,785]" name="Pakistan" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
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, but this requires confirmation.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="766" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[171,1381,714,1931]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[174,427,801,826]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body ¢.60-70 mm, tail ¢.
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<quantity box="[888,994,801,826]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="766" unit="mm" value="43.0">43 mm</quantity>
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, ear c.12-14 mm, forearm 42-5-44 mm. The Mountain Noctule is very similar to Leisler’s Noctule (N.
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kuhl" baseAuthorityYear="1817" box="[1282,1366,832,865]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nyctalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="766" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leisleri">leisleri</taxonomicName>
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). Dorsal pelage is uniformly brown, with ventral pelage very slightly lighter; individual hairs are bicolored, being brown throughout except base, which is black. Face, ears, wings, and uropatagium are darkly pigmented and mostly naked. Ears are short and triangular, with 4-5 folds on outer edge; tragus is club-shaped and expanded distally, being short and stubby with a rounded tip. Muzzle is short with large glands between nostrils and eyes. Tail extends to a few millimeters beyond uropatagium. Calcaris well developed with a postcalcarial lobe divided by a visible T-piece,as in all other
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bowditch" authorityYear="1825" box="[1263,1374,1108,1141]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nyctalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="766" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Nyctalus</taxonomicName>
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. Skull is robust, being larger and stouter than in Leisler’s Noctule; lambdoid crests are relatively developed but sagittal crest is not; P* is very small, about one-quarter the size of that of Leisler’s Noctule; lower molars are nyctalodont.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="766" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[171,1381,714,1931]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[173,284,1267,1300]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Occurs primarily in riparian habitats and arid floodplains, and has been recorded from elevations of 680-2100 m along the southern edge of the Himalayas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="766" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[171,1381,714,1931]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[173,437,1345,1378]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Mountain Noctule is insectivorous but there are apparent records of the species feeding on fish near riverbanks.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[173,547,1423,1456]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[171,1381,714,1931]" box="[173,547,1423,1456]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[173,308,1423,1456]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Breeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="766" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[171,1381,714,1931]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[171,410,1464,1497]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Mountain Noctules roost around rocky cliffs and crevices, in rocks and overhanging vegetation. One individual was recorded roosting in the roof of a bungalow in Shimla, northern
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<collectingCountry box="[610,685,1542,1575]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="766" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[171,1381,714,1931]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[173,891,1582,1615]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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No information. Mountain Noctules probably roost like other species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bowditch" authorityYear="1825" box="[740,850,1621,1654]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Nyctalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="766" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Nyctalus</taxonomicName>
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in smallto medium-sized colonies.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="766" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[171,1381,714,1931]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[173,520,1661,1694]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Mountain Noctule has a relatively restricted distribution along the Himalayas that may be threatened by deforestation due to logging and agricultural expansion, as well as mining activities, and hunting for medicinal purposes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="766" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[171,1381,714,1931]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[173,326,1827,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="766">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Bates & Harrison (1997), Benda & Gaisler (2015), Corbet (1978), Corbet & Hill (1992), Gaisler (1970), Molur & Srinivasulu (2008c), Molur et al. (2002), Roberts (1997), Saikia et al. (2011), Srinivasulu, C. & Srinivasulu (2012), Srinivasulu, C. et al. (2010).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |