205 lines
19 KiB
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205 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" approvalRequired="37" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="8" approvalRequired_for_treatments="29" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FFDE6A62FA8792801F8DB838" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Chalinolobus picatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="796" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="795" updateTime="1658412944878" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>716</mods:start>
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<mods:end>981</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6397752</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6403451" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628481" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6403451" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FFDE6A62FA8792801F8DB838" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FFDE6A62FA8792801F8DB838" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="796" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<subSubSection box="[1403,1460,1241,1291]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[1400,2334,1241,1369]" box="[1403,1460,1241,1291]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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||
<heading box="[1403,1460,1241,1291]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<figureCitation box="[1403,1460,1241,1291]" captionStart="Plate 57: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="27.[123,155,3200,3221]" captionTargetBox="[12,2751,19,3659]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="49. Eurasian Particolored Bat (Vespertilio murinus), 50. Asian Particolored Bat (Vespertilio sinensis), 51. Pygmy Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris pygmaea), 52. Indomalayan Lesser Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris fulvida), 53. Sunda Lesser Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris pachypus), 54. Tonkin Greater Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris tonkinensis), 55. Malayan Greater Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris malayana), 56. Sumatran Greater Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris robustula), 57. Yok Don Helmeted Bat (Cassistrellus yokdonensis), 58. Surat Helmeted Bat (Cassustrellus dimissus), 59. Rohu’s Bat (Phuletor brachypterus), 60. Western False Pipistrelle (Falsistrellus mackenziei), 61. Eastern False Pipistrelle (Falsistrellus tasmaniensis), 62. Yellow-lipped Cave Bat (Vespadelus douglasorum), 63. Northern Cave Bat (Vespadelus caurinus), 64. Finlayson’s Cave Bat (Vespadelus finlaysoni), 65. Eastern Cave Bat (Vespadelus troughtoni), 66. Inland Forest Bat (Vespadelus baverstocki), 67. Eastern Forest Bat (Vespadelus pumilus), 68. Little Forest Bat (Vespadelus vulturnus), 69. Large Forest Bat (Vespadelus darlingtoni), 70. Southern Forest Bat (Vespadelus regulus), 71. Large-eared Pied Bat (Chalinolobus dwyeri), 72. Little Pied Bat (Chalinolobus picatus), 73. Hoary Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus nigrogriseus), 74. Gould’s Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus gouldii), 75. New Caledonian Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus neocaledonicus), 76. Chocolate Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus morio), 77. New Zealand Long-tailed Bat (Chalinolobus tuberculatus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398506/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">72.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[1477,1775,1241,1291]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph blockId="37.[1400,2334,1241,1369]" box="[1477,1775,1241,1291]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<heading box="[1477,1775,1241,1291]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<vernacularName box="[1477,1775,1241,1291]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Little Pied Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1847,2219,1241,1291]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[1400,2334,1241,1369]" box="[1847,2219,1241,1291]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<heading box="[1847,2219,1241,1291]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1847,2219,1241,1291]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Chalinolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="picatus">
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<emphasis box="[1847,2219,1241,1291]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Chalinolobus picatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[1400,2334,1241,1369]" box="[1402,2334,1309,1330]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<heading box="[1402,2334,1309,1330]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1402,1477,1309,1330]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1486,1639,1309,1330]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Chalinolobe pie</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1660,1750,1309,1330]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1760,2014,1309,1330]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Kleine Lappenfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2035,2126,1309,1330]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2135,2238,1309,1330]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Calinolobo</vernacularName>
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pequeno
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="37.[1400,2334,1241,1369]" box="[1401,1740,1348,1369]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<heading box="[1401,1740,1348,1369]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1401,1648,1348,1369]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1659,1740,1348,1369]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Pied Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2013,2604,1415,1448]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[2012,2606,1415,1843]" box="[2013,2604,1415,1448]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2013,2169,1415,1448]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Gould, 1852" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1852" box="[2180,2599,1415,1448]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="picatus">Scotophilus picatus Gould, 1852</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[2012,2606,1415,1843]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319633" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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Capt. Sturt’s Depot,
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<collectingRegion box="[2333,2599,1459,1488]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[2012,2139,1494,1527]" name="Australia" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Australia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2013,2376,1533,1566]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[2012,2606,1415,1843]" box="[2013,2376,1533,1566]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">This species is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397922" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397922" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6397922/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" targetBox="[1398,1989,1425,1840]" targetPageId="37">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[2012,2606,1415,1843]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2013,2189,1578,1607]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Distribution.</emphasis>
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E
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<collectingCountry box="[2243,2370,1578,1607]" name="Australia" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, in SE
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<collectingRegion country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Queensland</collectingRegion>
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, NW
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<collectingRegion box="[2160,2409,1621,1646]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
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, and E
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<collectingRegion country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">South Australia</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[2012,2606,1415,1843]" lastBlockId="37.[1398,2607,1849,3459]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2013,2290,1692,1725]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 39-6-50 mm, tail 29-39 mm, ear 7-5-11-3 mm, forearm 31-36 mm; weight 3-8 g. The Little Pied Bat is the smallest species of wattled bat. Dorsal pelage is glossy black; ventral pelage is glossy black faintly washed with gray, except the margin between ventral pelage and membranes, which is white and makes a V-shape stretching from forearms down to pubic region where it converges, extending onto base of ventral portion of membranes; long dorsal fur extends onto much of uropatagium, grading into a fringe of brownish black hairs. Facial skin, ears, arms and membranes are blackish. Ears are short and broad with ribbing on inner surface, and have small fleshy lobes on lower margin close to lips, and extending under eyes; tragus is pointed inward, rounded, and stubby. A fleshy lobe at corner of mouth is very poorly developed compared with congeners. Uropatagium extends to end oftail. Skull has less pronounced supraorbital swellings than in congeners; there is intermediate contrast between interorbital and intertemporal widths, compared to the Hoary Wattled Bat (
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1736,1922,2283,2316]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Chalinolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrogriseus">C. nigrogriseus</taxonomicName>
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) and the Chocolate Wattled Bat (
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[2396,2507,2283,2316]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Chalinolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="morio">C. morio</taxonomicName>
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); there is no sagittal crest. I* has a posterior cusp; I’ is ¢.40% of height of I? above cingulum; P* is minute but present; P* has an anterointernal cusp; lower molars are myotodont.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[1398,2607,1849,3459]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1400,1511,2410,2435]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Little Pied Bats seem to reach their greatest abundance in mallee, mixed woodlands, mulga (
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<taxonomicName box="[1680,1769,2441,2474]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acacia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[1787,1922,2441,2474]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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), and riverine open forest communities around permanent or semi-permanent water bodies, although they have also been reported in dry open forest, open woodlands, chenopod shrublands,
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<taxonomicName box="[2275,2375,2520,2553]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Callitris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Callitris</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName box="[2399,2591,2520,2553]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cupressaceae</taxonomicName>
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) forest, and
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<taxonomicName box="[1571,1807,2567,2592]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Casuarinaceae" genus="Casuarina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pauper">Casuarina pauper</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName box="[1830,2035,2567,2592]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Casuarinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Casuarinaceae</taxonomicName>
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) woodlands. Recorded at elevations of 40-400 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[1398,2607,1849,3459]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1399,1661,2638,2671]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Little Pied Bats are fast fliers and are highly maneuverable, changing direction often and flying close to vegetation while foraging. Foraging bats have been observed gleaning off walls with a distinctive up-and-down sweeping action; they also hunted aerially, with many swoops and dives. One stomach contained only moths.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[1398,2607,1849,3459]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1399,1534,2796,2829]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Breeding.</emphasis>
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A pregnant female with two well-developed fetuses was taken in late October. Lactating females were reported in late October, November, and December.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[1398,2607,1849,3459]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1398,1632,2875,2908]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Little Pied Bats are nocturnal, leaving the day roost around dusk and returning around dawn. During the day, they roost in trees, caves, buildings, and abandoned mines. Cave roosts are usually warm and dry, with ambient roost temperatures sometimes over 40°C. Tree roosts have been recorded in hollows in
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<taxonomicName box="[2368,2491,2993,3026]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Casuarinaceae" genus="Casuarina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pauper">C. pauper</taxonomicName>
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, mulga, and large eucalypts; the bats prefer hollows in larger mature trees with dead limbs, or dead and fallen trees that have left a hollowed stump. Hollows are usually large with variably sized entrances. Call shape is a shallow FM/QCF sweep.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[1398,2607,1849,3459]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1399,2121,3150,3183]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Little Pied Bats may roost singly or in colonies of up to 80, but usually in groups of under ten. Roosts are switched nearly every day, but remain in the same general area. Members of a colony roosting in a clump of small, dead mulga near Bourke,
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<collectingRegion box="[2056,2301,3269,3302]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
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, commuted
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<quantity box="[2482,2564,3269,3302]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" unit="km" value="17.0">17 km</quantity>
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to forage in a dry creek bed, returning in the morning, making a round trip of
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<quantity box="[2515,2601,3308,3341]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" unit="km" value="34.0">34 km</quantity>
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per night.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="796" pageId="37" pageNumber="795" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="37.[1398,2607,1849,3459]" lastBlockId="38.[167,1376,271,781]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="796" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1399,1756,3387,3420]" pageId="37" pageNumber="795">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. The Little Pied Bat is generally uncommon throughout much of its distribution but can be locally common around permanent or semi-permanent water. It may be disappearing from the central portion of its range due to agricultural activities. The species cannot survive well in fragmented habitats and requires large areas of ideal habitat. With this in mind, habitat fragmentation and destruction are the greatest threats, especially since large-scale habitat loss has occurred and continues across the eastern portion of the range in
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<collectingRegion box="[359,532,473,502]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="38" pageNumber="796">Queensland</collectingRegion>
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. In
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<collectingRegion box="[594,844,473,502]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="38" pageNumber="796">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
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, ¢.10% ofits overall distribution has been cleared for cotton over the past 50 years, and the process continues today. In wellconnected small remnants of native habitat, the species currently persists, but populations seem to be decreasing throughout its range. It is also threatened to a lesser extent by roost disturbance, timber harvesting, and the changing offire regimes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="38" pageNumber="796" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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||
<paragraph blockId="38.[167,1376,271,781]" pageId="38" pageNumber="796">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[169,321,674,699]" pageId="38" pageNumber="796">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Churchill (2008), Dominelli (2000), Ellis & Pennay (2008), Ford et al. (2008), Pennay & Freeman (2005), Pennay et al. (2011), Richards (1979), Ryan (1966), Schulz et al. (1994),
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<collectingRegion box="[1022,1060,713,738]" country="Turkey" name="Van" pageId="38" pageNumber="796">Van</collectingRegion>
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Deusen & Koopman (1971), Young & Ford (2000).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |