254 lines
27 KiB
XML
254 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FF9A6A26FA7A95511C45B82A" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Perimyotis subflavus" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="856" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="855" updateTime="1662483414275" updateUser="felipe">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>716</mods:start>
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<mods:end>981</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6397752</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6403568" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628276" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6403568" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF9A6A26FA7A95511C45B82A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF9A6A26FA7A95511C45B82A" lastPageId="98" lastPageNumber="856" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<subSubSection box="[1414,1496,776,826]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1411,2346,776,906]" box="[1414,1496,776,826]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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||
<heading box="[1414,1496,776,826]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<figureCitation box="[1414,1496,776,826]" captionStart="Plate 63: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="97.[132,162,3286,3311]" captionTargetBox="[11,2745,17,3657]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="202. Canyon Bat (Parastrellus hesperus), 203. Tricolored Bat (Perimyotis subflavus), 204. Van Gelder’s Bat (Bauerus dubiaquercus), 205. Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus), 206. Black-winged Little Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa tumida), 207. Yucatan Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa aenea), 208. Bickham’s Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa bickhami), 209. Menchu’s Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa menchuae), 210. Ecuadorian Little Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa velilla), 211. Tiny Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa minutilla), 212. Genoways’s Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa genowaysi), 213. Thomas's Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa io), 214. Northern Little Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa parvula), 215. Least Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa mira), 216. Allen’s Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa alleni), 217. Slender Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa gracilis), 218. Husson’s Yellow Bat (Rhogeessa hussoni), 219. Western Barbastelle (Barbastella barbastellus), 220. Caspian Barbastelle (Barbastella caspica), 221. Arabian Barbastelle (Barbastella leucomelas), 222. Eastern Barbastelle (Barbastella darjelingensis), 223. Japanese Barbastelle (Barbastella pacifica), 224. Beijing Barbastelle (Barbastella beijingensis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398525/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">203.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1512,1816,776,826]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1411,2346,776,906]" box="[1512,1816,776,826]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<heading box="[1512,1816,776,826]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<vernacularName box="[1512,1816,776,826]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Tricolored Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1882,2251,776,826]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1411,2346,776,906]" box="[1882,2251,776,826]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<heading box="[1882,2251,776,826]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="F. Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[1882,2251,776,826]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Perimyotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subflavus">
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<emphasis box="[1882,2251,776,826]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Perimyotis subflavus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1411,2346,776,906]" box="[1413,2346,844,865]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<heading box="[1413,2346,844,865]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1413,1489,844,865]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1498,1675,844,865]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Blondin de Cuvier</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1695,1786,844,865]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1795,2057,844,865]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Dreifarb-Zwergfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2078,2169,844,865]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2179,2269,844,865]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Pipistrela</vernacularName>
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tricolor
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1411,2346,776,906]" box="[1412,1850,883,904]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<heading box="[1412,1850,883,904]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1412,1660,883,904]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[1670,1850,883,904]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Eastern Pipistrelle</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[2025,2619,951,1379]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2025,2181,951,984]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="F. Cuvier, 1832" authorityName="F. Cuvier" authorityYear="1832" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Vespertilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subflavus">Vespertilio subflavus F. Cuvier, 1832</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2111,2561,994,1023]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[2025,2619,951,1379]" box="[2111,2561,994,1023]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319659" box="[2111,2561,994,1023]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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“De Géorgia [= Georgia,
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<collectingCountry box="[2463,2537,994,1023]" name="United States of America" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">USA</collectingCountry>
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].”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[2025,2619,951,1379]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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Previously paced in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1829" box="[2325,2465,1030,1063]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pipistrellus</taxonomicName>
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, subgenus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Menu" authorityYear="1984" box="[2025,2154,1069,1102]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Perimyotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Perimyotis</taxonomicName>
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, but morphological and molecular data support raising
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Menu" authorityYear="1984" box="[2362,2491,1109,1142]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Perimyotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Perimyotis</taxonomicName>
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to genus level. Races based on morphological differences. Four subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398240" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398240" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398240/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" targetBox="[1409,2001,958,1373]" targetPageId="97">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[2025,2619,951,1379]" box="[2025,2426,1227,1260]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2025,2426,1227,1260]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="97.[2025,2619,951,1379]" lastBlockId="97.[1406,2618,1384,3193]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<taxonomicName authority="F. Cuvier, 1832" authorityName="F. Cuvier" authorityYear="1832" baseAuthorityName="F. Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[2025,2427,1267,1300]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Perimyotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="subflavus" subSpecies="subflavus">P.s.subflavusF.Cuvier,1832—SECanada(SQuebec,NewBrunswick,andNovaScotia)andEUSA(MinnesotaandNewEnglandStoTexasandSGeorgia;isolatedrecordinColorado).</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1406,2618,1384,3193]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<taxonomicName authority="R. H. Baker, 1954" authorityName="R. H. Baker" authorityYear="1954" baseAuthorityName="Baker" baseAuthorityYear="1954" box="[1412,1811,1424,1457]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Perimyotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="subflavus" subSpecies="clarus">P.s.clarusR.H.Baker,1954—NCoahuilainNEMexicoandadjacentpartsofTexas(USA).</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1406,2618,1384,3193]" box="[1411,2547,1503,1536]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<taxonomicName authority="W. H. Davis, 1957" authorityName="W. H. Davis" authorityYear="1957" box="[1411,1857,1503,1536]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Perimyotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="subflavus" subSpecies="flonidanus">P.s.flonidanusW.H.Davis,1957—SEGeorgiaandthroughoutFloridaPeninsula.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1406,2618,1384,3193]" box="[1411,2464,1550,1575]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<taxonomicName authority="Ward, 1891" authorityName="Ward" authorityYear="1891" box="[1411,1773,1550,1575]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Perimyotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="subflavus" subSpecies="veraecrucis">P.s. veraecrucis Ward, 1891</taxonomicName>
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— NE Mexico S to
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<collectingCountry box="[2039,2192,1550,1575]" name="Guatemala" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
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and NE
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<collectingCountry box="[2317,2460,1550,1575]" name="Honduras" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Honduras</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1406,2618,1384,3193]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1411,1665,1590,1615]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body c.43-48 mm, tail 34-41 mm, ear 12-4-14-1 mm, hindfoot 7-3-9-9 mm, forearm 31-4-34-1 mm; weight 5-10 g. Females larger than males. Fur medium to long (dorsal fur 5-8 mm); dorsal hairs tricolored, being dark at base, lighter and yellowish brown in middle, and dark attip; pelage color varies geographically, from pale yellow orange to dark reddish brown dorsally, and from pale yellow orange to dark mahogany ventrally; long guard hairs are completely orange orsilvery. Ears short, tapering to narrowly rounded tip, extending forward halfway from eye to nostril; tragus long, straight, and bluntly rounded. Muzzle and facial areas contain sebaceous glands with hair follicles. Membranes are blackish, contrasting with reddish forearms; membrane between second and third metacarpal is mummy brown. Plagiopatagium is broadly attached to foot at level of base of toes; anterior one-third of interfemoral membrane is furred; calcar is unkeeled. Baculum is Y-shaped with prongs at proximal position. Skull is small (greatest skull length 12-4-13-1 mm); rostrum gently sloped with no concavities on dorsal surface. Upper incisors have wider tips than bases; there are eight teeth in upper quadrant; upper incisors unicuspid. Dental formulais12/3,C1/1,P 2/2, M 3/3 (x2) = 34. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 30 and FN = 56, with ten large to medium-sized metacentric and submetacentric pairs of autosomes, four small submetacentric, a medium-sized submetacentric X-chromosome, and a small acrocentric Y-chromosome.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1409,2253,2331,2364]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1406,2618,1384,3193]" box="[1409,2253,2331,2364]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1409,1521,2331,2364]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Open woods, grassland, and semideciduous forests.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1406,2618,1384,3193]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1409,1695,2371,2404]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Insectivorous, foraging in forests, agricultural fields, forest edges, and open habitats, mostly near water bodies. Diet includes a large variety of insects, particularly
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<taxonomicName box="[1702,1885,2450,2483]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[1903,2068,2450,2483]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName box="[2150,2319,2450,2483]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Orthoptera</taxonomicName>
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, all caught in flight. During feeding maneuvers, tail and wing membranes are used to capture and restrain prey. Tail membrane forms a pouch-like compartment, and the bat must bend its head forward in order to grasp the insect with its teeth and take it into its mouth.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1406,2618,1384,3193]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1408,1543,2647,2680]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Copulation occurs August-October, the only period when males and females are together in roosts. During breeding season, females mate with several males; after copulation, females store sperm over hibernation until they ovulate in spring. Insemination occurs in spring. Up to seven ova may be fertilized, but only two will implant, resulting in twins. Gestation lasts c.45 days from time of implantation to parturition. Births occur from end of Mayto earlyJuly. Sexual maturity is at c.1 year of age.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1406,2618,1384,3193]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1406,1642,2884,2917]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Nocturnal, with emergence just after sunset. Summer roosts include rock crevices, caves, human buildings, and tree foliage; in winter, caves, mines, and deep crevices serve as hibernacula. Call means are: minimum frequency 43 kHz, maximum frequency 71-5 kHz, peak frequency 46 kHz, bandwidth 28-5 kHz, and call duration 5-6-8 milliseconds.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="98" lastPageNumber="856" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[1406,2618,1384,3193]" lastBlockId="98.[161,1368,289,792]" lastPageId="98" lastPageNumber="856" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1407,2140,3081,3114]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Movements poorly understood. Some evidence suggests the species may undertake annual latitudinal migrations, similar to other North American long-distance migratory bats. Longest migration distance recorded was a female banded in April in
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<collectingRegion box="[753,950,289,318]" country="United States of America" name="Massachusetts" pageId="98" pageNumber="856">Massachusetts</collectingRegion>
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, and recovered at least
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<quantity box="[1281,1365,289,318]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="98" pageNumber="856" unit="km" value="52.0">52 km</quantity>
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away in its hibernaculum. This species is obligate hibernator, even in warmer climates with available food; it generally hibernates alone, but groups of 2-3 occur. During summer, females roost in maternity colonies (average 15 individuals); males roost alone.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398525" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398525/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" startId="97.[132,162,3286,3311]" targetBox="[11,2745,17,3657]" targetPageId="96">
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<paragraph blockId="97.[130,2614,3264,3472]" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">
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On following pages: 204.
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<collectingRegion box="[412,450,3286,3311]" country="Turkey" name="Van" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Van</collectingRegion>
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Gelder’s Bat (
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Van Gelder" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[609,852,3286,3311]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Bauerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dubiaquercus">Bauerus dubiaquercus</taxonomicName>
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); 205. Pallid Bat (
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[1045,1245,3286,3311]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Antrozous" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="856" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">Antrozous pallidus</taxonomicName>
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); 206. Black-winged Little Yellow Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[1664,1867,3286,3311]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tumida">Rhogeessa tumida</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 207.
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1935,2020,3286,3311]" country="Mexico" name="Yucatan" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Yucatan</collectingRegion>
|
||
Yellow Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Goodwin" authorityYear="1958" box="[2156,2351,3286,3311]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aenea">Rhogeessa aenea</taxonomicName>
|
||
): 208. Bickham's Yellow Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[261,488,3325,3350]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="857" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bickhami">Rhogeessa bickhami</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 209. Menchu'’s Yellow Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[804,1047,3325,3350]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="menchuae">Rhogeessa menchuae</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 210. Ecuadorian Little Yellow Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1903" box="[1438,1628,3325,3350]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="858" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velilla">Rhogeessa velilla</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 211. Tiny Yellow Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1897" box="[1873,2095,3325,3350]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutilla">Rhogeessa minutilla</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 212. Genoways's Yellow Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="R. J. Baker" authorityYear="1984" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="858" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="genowaysi">Rhogeessa genowaysi</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 213. Thomas's Yellow Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[558,679,3365,3390]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rhogeessa</taxonomicName>
|
||
io); 214. Northern Little Yellow Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="H. Allen" authorityYear="1866" box="[1074,1282,3365,3390]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvula">Rhogeessa parvula</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 215. Least Yellow Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="LaVal" authorityYear="1973" box="[1552,1730,3365,3390]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mira">Rhogeessa mira</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 216. Allen's Yellow Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1892" box="[2007,2193,3365,3390]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="859" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alleni">Rhogeessa alleni</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 217. Slender Yellow Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1897" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="860" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">Rhogeessa gracilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 218. Husson's Yellow Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Genoways & R. J. Baker" authorityYear="1996" box="[516,730,3404,3429]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Rhogeessa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="860" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hussoni">Rhogeessa hussoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 219. Western Barbastelle (
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schreber" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[1043,1302,3404,3429]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbastellus">Barbastella barbastellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 220. Caspian Barbastelle (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[1611,1730,3404,3429]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Barbastella</taxonomicName>
|
||
caspica); 221. Arabian Barbastelle (
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Cretzschmar" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[2118,2372,3404,3429]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucomelas">Barbastella leucomelas</taxonomicName>
|
||
): 222. Eastern Barbastelle (
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hodgson" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[269,546,3443,3468]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="darjelingensis">Barbastella darjelingensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 223. Japanese Barbastelle (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kruskop, Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" box="[872,1082,3443,3468]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pacifica">Barbastella pacifica</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 224.
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1159,1229,3443,3468]" country="China" name="Beijing" pageId="97" pageNumber="855">Beijing</collectingRegion>
|
||
Barbastelle (
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1376,1635,3443,3468]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="855" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beijingensis">Barbastella beijingensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="98" pageNumber="856" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="98.[161,1368,289,792]" pageId="98" pageNumber="856">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[162,510,447,476]" pageId="98" pageNumber="856">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Vulnerable on The [UCN Red List, because of the advance of White-nose Syndrome (caused by an invasive European fungus, Pseudogymnoascus destructans) over much of its range; population could decrease by 45% over next 15 years. Despite expected large population, occurrence in protected areas, and tolerance to some degree of habitat modification, the impact of this disease has been extremely severe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="98" pageNumber="856" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="98.[161,1368,289,792]" pageId="98" pageNumber="856">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[163,316,688,713]" pageId="98" pageNumber="856">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Adams et al. (2018), Fraser et al. (2012), Fujita & Kunz (1984), Gaona & Medellin (2014), Hoofer &
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[187,225,727,752]" country="Turkey" name="Van" pageId="98" pageNumber="856">Van</collectingRegion>
|
||
Den Bussche (2003), Menu (1984), Roehrs et al. (2010), Simmons (2005), Solari (2018k), Whitaker & Hamilton (1998), Wilson & Ruff (1999).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |