212 lines
18 KiB
XML
212 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" approvalRequired="37" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="8" approvalRequired_for_treatments="29" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FF746ACBFF7A920C1D56B047" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Kerivoula smithii Thomas 1880" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="903" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="903" updateTime="1658433834459" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>716</mods:start>
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<mods:end>981</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6397752</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6403691" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628319" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6403691" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF746ACBFF7A920C1D56B047" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF746ACBFF7A920C1D56B047" lastPageNumber="903" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<subSubSection box="[134,216,1109,1159]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="143.[132,1073,1109,1201]" box="[134,216,1109,1159]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<heading box="[134,216,1109,1159]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<figureCitation box="[134,216,1109,1159]" captionStart="Plate 67: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="135.[114,144,3260,3285]" captionTargetBox="[11,2751,19,3659]" captionTargetPageId="134" captionText="293. Groove-toothed Trumpet-eared Bat (Phoniscus atrox), 294. Peters’s Trumpet-eared Bat (Phoniscus jagorii), 295. Dubious Trumpet-eared Bat (Phoniscus aerosus), 296. Golden-tipped Bat (Phonuscus papuensis), 297. Hardwicke’s Woolly Bat (Kerivoula hardwickii), 298. Flatskulled Woolly Bat (Kerivoula depressa), 299. Sri Lankan Woolly Bat (Kerivoula malpasi), 300. Cryptic Woolly Bat (Kerivoula crypta), 301. Dark Woolly Bat (Kerivoula furva), 302. Kachin Woolly Bat (Kerivoula kachinensis), 303. Indochinese Woolly Bat (Kerivoula dongduongana), 304. Krau Woolly Bat (Kerwoula krauensis), 305. Titania’s Woolly Bat (Kerwoula titania), 306. Least Woolly Bat (Kerivoula minuta), 307. Small Woolly Bat (Kerivoula intermedia), 308. Papillose Woolly Bat (Kerivoula papillosa), 309. Lenis Woolly Bat (Kerivoula lenis), 310. Clear-winged Woolly Bat (Kerivoula pellucida), 311. Painted Woolly Bat (Kerwoula picta), 312. Whitehead’s Woolly Bat (Kerivoula whiteheadi), 313. Flores Woolly Bat (Kerivoula flora), 314. Fly River Woolly Bat (Kerivoula muscina), 315. Saint Aignan’s Woolly Bat (Kerivoula agnella), 316. Bismarck Woolly Bat (Kerwoula myrella), 317. Lesser Woolly Bat (Kerivoula lanosa), 318. Ethiopian Woolly Bat (Kerwoula eriophora), 319. Tanzanian Woolly Bat (Kerwwoula africana), 320. Smith’s Woolly Bat (Kerivoula smithii), 321. Coppery Woolly Bat (Kerivoula cuprosa), 322. Spurrell’s Woolly Bat (Kerivoula phalaena), 323. Damara Woolly Bat (Kerwoula argentata)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398545" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398545/files/figure.png" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">320.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[234,622,1109,1159]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph blockId="143.[132,1073,1109,1201]" box="[234,622,1109,1159]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<heading box="[234,622,1109,1159]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<vernacularName box="[234,622,1109,1159]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Smith’s Woolly Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[672,998,1109,1159]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="143.[132,1073,1109,1201]" box="[672,998,1109,1159]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<heading box="[672,998,1109,1159]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1880" box="[672,998,1109,1159]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Kerivoula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithii">
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<emphasis box="[672,998,1109,1159]" italics="true" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Kerivoula smithii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[133,1072,1177,1198]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="143.[132,1073,1109,1201]" box="[133,1072,1177,1198]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<heading box="[133,1072,1177,1198]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[133,209,1177,1198]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[219,405,1177,1198]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Kérivoule de Smith</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[427,517,1177,1198]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[526,747,1177,1198]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Smith-Wollfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[769,860,1177,1198]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[869,1072,1177,1198]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Querivoula de Smith</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="143.[743,1334,1254,1674]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[745,900,1254,1279]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Thomas, 1880" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1880" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Kerivoula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithii">Kerivoula smithii Thomas, 1880</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[831,1151,1289,1318]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="143.[743,1334,1254,1674]" box="[831,1151,1289,1318]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319600" box="[831,1151,1289,1318]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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“Old Calabar,”
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<collectingCountry box="[1042,1148,1289,1318]" name="Nigeria" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[745,1107,1325,1358]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="143.[743,1334,1254,1674]" box="[745,1107,1325,1358]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">This species is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398492" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398492/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" targetBox="[130,720,1251,1663]" targetPageId="143">
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<paragraph blockId="143.[743,1334,1254,1674]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[745,920,1369,1398]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Known from a few scattered records from
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<collectingCountry box="[955,1058,1404,1437]" name="Nigeria" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry box="[1147,1296,1404,1437]" name="Cameroon" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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E through
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<collectingCountry box="[869,1015,1443,1476]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">DR Congo</collectingCountry>
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to
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<collectingCountry box="[1060,1171,1443,1476]" name="Uganda" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry box="[1241,1328,1443,1476]" name="Kenya" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="143.[743,1334,1254,1674]" lastBlockId="143.[123,1333,1678,2933]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[744,1019,1483,1516]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body ¢.39
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" unit="mm" value="44.0">44 mm</quantity>
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, tail
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<quantity box="[933,1088,1526,1555]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" metricValueMax="4.9" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" unit="mm" value="44.5" valueMax="49.0" valueMin="40.0">40-49 mm</quantity>
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, ear
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<quantity box="[1175,1327,1526,1555]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="11.0">11-15 mm</quantity>
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, hindfoot 5-7-8-
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<quantity box="[956,1042,1566,1595]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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, forearm
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<quantity box="[1180,1327,1566,1595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" unit="mm" value="34.0" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="32.0">32-36 mm</quantity>
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||
; weight 5-9-
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||
<quantity box="[901,947,1605,1634]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.0" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" unit="g" value="7.0">7 g</quantity>
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||
. Sexes are similar. Pelage is dense, woolly, and frizzled, with many hairs having hooked tips. Dorsal pelage is grayish brown to dark brown, with silvery sheen and silvery or straw-colored frosting. Dorsal hairs are blackish or dark brown, often with silvery or straw-colored tips. Mid-dorsal hairs are ¢.
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<quantity box="[912,999,1757,1790]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
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. Ventral pelage is paler brown. Ventral hairs are grayish brown or blackish brown, usually with pale brown or fawn tips, but some have whitish silvery tips. Wings are blackish or dark brown, with scattered hairs extending to dorsal surfaces of forearm, third digit, thumb, tibia, and tail. Uropatagium is dark brown, with posterior margin and sparse hairs but no comb-like fringe of hooked bristle-like hairs. Ears are widely separated, funnel-shaped, short for a vespertilionid, dark brown or blackish, and deeply emarginated below tips. Tragusis long, tapering, and curved outward, and base has small triangular lobule over shallow emargination. Eyes are minute. Head is high-domed. Muzzle is long, pointed, partly hidden byfacial pelage. Tail is ¢.92-131% of head-body length. Skull is small (greatest skull lengths 13-1-14-
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<quantity box="[431,519,2156,2185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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); braincase is high-domed; rostrum is narrow; and frontal region is sharply angular to plane as in otherspecies of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1842" box="[884,1007,2191,2224]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Kerivoula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Kerivoula</taxonomicName>
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. I? is bicuspid andtaller than I’; I? is unicuspid or weakly bicuspid; P? is slightly higher than P?, and much smaller than P%I and I, are tricuspid; I, is unicuspid; and lower premolars are subequal in size.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="143.[123,1333,1678,2933]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[126,237,2314,2343]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Mainly lowland rainforests but also mangroves (southern
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<collectingCountry box="[1089,1198,2314,2343]" name="Nigeria" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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), Congolese swamp forests
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<collectingCountry box="[394,549,2349,2382]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">DR Congo</collectingCountry>
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), montane forests (
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<collectingCountry box="[827,978,2349,2382]" name="Cameroon" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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highlands,
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<collectingCountry box="[1147,1259,2349,2382]" name="Uganda" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry box="[126,218,2397,2422]" name="Kenya" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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), and riverine forests in Somalia-Masai bushland, at elevations of
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<quantity box="[1135,1307,2397,2422]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" unit="m" value="1850.0" valueMax="2800.0" valueMin="900.0">900-2800 m</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[125,625,2426,2459]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="143.[123,1333,1678,2933]" box="[125,625,2426,2459]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[125,386,2426,2459]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="143.[123,1333,1678,2933]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[125,259,2468,2501]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Breeding.</emphasis>
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In
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<collectingCountry box="[315,402,2468,2501]" name="Kenya" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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, a pregnant Smith’s Woolly Bat was captured in September from Bura, near
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<collectingRegion box="[285,386,2507,2540]" country="Kenya" name="Garissa" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Garissa</collectingRegion>
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, and another in December from Warwick. In
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<collectingCountry box="[1035,1147,2507,2540]" name="Uganda" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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, two females were pregnant in late November. In north-eastern
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<collectingCountry box="[848,999,2547,2580]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">DR Congo</collectingCountry>
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, two females each with an attached young were found in early October. Litter size is one.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="143.[123,1333,1678,2933]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[123,360,2626,2659]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Fourteen calls from the Aberdare Range in
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<collectingCountry box="[1009,1094,2626,2659]" name="Kenya" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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had mean peak frequency of95-9 (81-5-104-9 kHz), maximum frequency of 126-3 (115-6-137-2 kHz), minimum frequency of 65-3 (44-9-91-8 kHz), duration of 61 milliseconds (25-1-85-5 milliseconds), and interpulse interval of 0-2 milliseconds (0-1-0-6 milliseconds).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="143.[123,1333,1678,2933]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[124,824,2783,2816]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Ectoparasites include the mite Rodhainyssus
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<taxonomicName box="[258,335,2824,2853]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myotis">myotis</taxonomicName>
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(Acari,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fain" authorityYear="1956" box="[447,661,2824,2853]" class="Arachnida" family="Gastronyssidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gastronyssidae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[124,1173,2861,2894]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="conservation">
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||
<paragraph blockId="143.[123,1333,1678,2933]" box="[124,1173,2861,2894]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[124,472,2861,2894]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[124,854,2908,2933]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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||
<paragraph blockId="143.[123,1333,1678,2933]" box="[124,854,2908,2933]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[124,277,2908,2933]" pageId="143" pageNumber="903">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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ACR (2017), Eisenring et al. (2016), Koopman (1994).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |