217 lines
19 KiB
XML
217 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" approvalRequired="37" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="8" approvalRequired_for_treatments="29" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FF6B6AD4FF5797451863BE46" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Kerivoula argentata Tomes 1861" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="904" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="904" updateTime="1658412944878" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>716</mods:start>
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<mods:end>981</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397752</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6397752</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6576824" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628335" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6576824" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FF6B6AD4FF5797451863BE46" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FF6B6AD4FF5797451863BE46" lastPageNumber="904" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<subSubSection box="[171,253,284,334]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[169,1140,284,416]" box="[171,253,284,334]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<heading box="[171,253,284,334]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<figureCitation box="[171,253,284,334]" captionStart="Plate 67: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="135.[114,144,3260,3285]" captionTargetBox="[11,2751,19,3659]" captionTargetPageId="134" captionText="293. Groove-toothed Trumpet-eared Bat (Phoniscus atrox), 294. Peters’s Trumpet-eared Bat (Phoniscus jagorii), 295. Dubious Trumpet-eared Bat (Phoniscus aerosus), 296. Golden-tipped Bat (Phonuscus papuensis), 297. Hardwicke’s Woolly Bat (Kerivoula hardwickii), 298. Flatskulled Woolly Bat (Kerivoula depressa), 299. Sri Lankan Woolly Bat (Kerivoula malpasi), 300. Cryptic Woolly Bat (Kerivoula crypta), 301. Dark Woolly Bat (Kerivoula furva), 302. Kachin Woolly Bat (Kerivoula kachinensis), 303. Indochinese Woolly Bat (Kerivoula dongduongana), 304. Krau Woolly Bat (Kerwoula krauensis), 305. Titania’s Woolly Bat (Kerwoula titania), 306. Least Woolly Bat (Kerivoula minuta), 307. Small Woolly Bat (Kerivoula intermedia), 308. Papillose Woolly Bat (Kerivoula papillosa), 309. Lenis Woolly Bat (Kerivoula lenis), 310. Clear-winged Woolly Bat (Kerivoula pellucida), 311. Painted Woolly Bat (Kerwoula picta), 312. Whitehead’s Woolly Bat (Kerivoula whiteheadi), 313. Flores Woolly Bat (Kerivoula flora), 314. Fly River Woolly Bat (Kerivoula muscina), 315. Saint Aignan’s Woolly Bat (Kerivoula agnella), 316. Bismarck Woolly Bat (Kerwoula myrella), 317. Lesser Woolly Bat (Kerivoula lanosa), 318. Ethiopian Woolly Bat (Kerwoula eriophora), 319. Tanzanian Woolly Bat (Kerwwoula africana), 320. Smith’s Woolly Bat (Kerivoula smithii), 321. Coppery Woolly Bat (Kerivoula cuprosa), 322. Spurrell’s Woolly Bat (Kerivoula phalaena), 323. Damara Woolly Bat (Kerwoula argentata)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398545" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398545/files/figure.png" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">323.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[270,672,284,334]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[169,1140,284,416]" box="[270,672,284,334]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<heading box="[270,672,284,334]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<vernacularName box="[270,672,284,334]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Damara Woolly Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[743,1099,284,334]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[169,1140,284,416]" box="[743,1099,284,334]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<heading box="[743,1099,284,334]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<taxonomicName authority="Tomes, 1861" authorityName="Tomes" authorityYear="1861" box="[743,1099,284,334]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Kerivoula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="argentata">
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<emphasis box="[743,1099,284,334]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Kerivoula argentata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[169,1140,284,416]" box="[170,1139,352,373]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<heading box="[170,1139,352,373]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,246,352,373]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[256,442,352,373]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Kérivoule argentée</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[463,553,352,373]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[563,803,352,373]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Damara-Wollfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[824,915,352,373]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[924,1030,352,373]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Querivoula</vernacularName>
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argentado
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="144.[169,1140,284,416]" box="[170,994,392,413]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<heading box="[170,994,392,413]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[170,417,392,413]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[427,595,392,413]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Silver Woolly Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[608,801,392,413]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Silvered Woolly Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName box="[815,994,392,413]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Silvery Woolly Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[784,1375,457,885]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[784,939,457,490]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Tomes, 1861" authorityName="Tomes" authorityYear="1861" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Kerivoula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="argentata">Kerivoula argentata Tomes, 1861</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319393" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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“Otjoro [= Otjihoro],” Ovamboland,
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<collectingCountry box="[864,986,540,569]" name="Namibia" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Namibia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[784,1249,575,608]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[784,1375,457,885]" box="[784,1249,575,608]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Three subspecies are recognized.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398547" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6398547" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398547/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" targetBox="[168,761,467,882]" targetPageId="144">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[784,1375,457,885]" box="[785,1185,615,648]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[785,1185,615,648]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="144.[784,1375,457,885]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<taxonomicName authority="Tomes, 1861" authorityName="Tomes" authorityYear="1861" box="[785,1179,662,687]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Kerwoula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="argentata" subSpecies="argentata">K a. argentata Tomes, 1861</taxonomicName>
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— C & S
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<collectingCountry name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">DR Congo</collectingCountry>
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, SE
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<collectingCountry box="[961,1048,698,727]" name="Kenya" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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, S
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<collectingCountry box="[1108,1236,698,727]" name="Tanzania" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[1261,1368,698,727]" name="Zambia" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Zambia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[785,884,741,766]" name="Malawi" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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, and N
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<collectingCountry box="[1010,1131,741,766]" name="Namibia" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Namibia</collectingCountry>
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; it may occur in
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<collectingCountry box="[784,887,773,806]" name="Angola" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Angola</collectingCountry>
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.
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<taxonomicName authority="Kirk, 1865" authorityName="Kirk" authorityYear="1865" box="[785,1119,812,845]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Kerwoula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="argentata" subSpecies="midicola">K.a.midicolaKirk,1865—CMozambiquetoZambeziValley.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="144.[171,1379,899,1398]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<taxonomicName authority="Roberts, 1924" authorityName="Roberts" authorityYear="1924" box="[172,572,899,924]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Kerwoula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="argentata" subSpecies="zuluensis">K. a. zuluensis Roberts, 1924</taxonomicName>
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—
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<collectingCountry box="[612,758,899,924]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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, S
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<collectingCountry box="[805,991,899,924]" name="Mozambique" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
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, and E
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<collectingCountry box="[1106,1284,899,924]" name="South Africa" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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(Kwa-Zulu-Natal).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[171,1379,899,1398]" lastBlockId="144.[1444,2653,295,1397]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[171,422,978,1003]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body ¢.
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<quantity box="[630,778,978,1003]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" unit="mm" value="42.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="34.0">34-50 mm</quantity>
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, tail
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<quantity box="[858,1009,978,1003]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" unit="mm" value="46.0" valueMax="52.0" valueMin="40.0">40-52 mm</quantity>
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, ear
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<quantity box="[1085,1233,978,1003]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="11.0">11-15 mm</quantity>
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, hindfoot
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<quantity box="[174,322,1010,1043]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10-11 mm</quantity>
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, forearm
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<quantity box="[465,615,1010,1043]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" unit="mm" value="33.5" valueMax="39.0" valueMin="28.0">28-39 mm</quantity>
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; weight 5:5-10-
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<quantity box="[836,885,1010,1043]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.0" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" unit="g" value="5.0">5 g</quantity>
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. Sexes are similar. Pelage is woolly and frizzled, with many hairs having hooked tips and extending onto dorsal surfaces of forearm and tibia. Dorsal pelage is bright rusty brown but occasionally pale sepiabrown, with conspicuous, almost iridescent, silvery frosting. Dorsal hairs are yellowish fawn, with dark brown at bases and terminal one-quarter reddish brown, often with silvery or white tips. Mid-dorsal hairs are
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<quantity box="[746,860,1207,1240]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7-9 mm</quantity>
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. Ventral pelage is cream, dirty white, or white. Wings and uropatagium are pale brown and translucent. Dorsal surface of proximal one-half of uropatagium has sparse covering of hair and posterior margin comb-like fringe of bristle-like hairs that curve inward like hooks. Ears are widely separated, funnel-shaped, with sharply pointed tips and outer margins with concavity below tips. Tragus is long, narrow, and tapers to sharp point, and base has shallow emargination below widest point. Eyes are minute. Head is high-domed. Muzzle is long, narrow, flattened, and mostly hidden by facial pelage; snout is prominent. Tail is ¢.87-100% of head-body length. Skull is small (greatest skull lengths 14-7-16-
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<quantity box="[2397,2486,414,447]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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); braincase is high-domed; rostrum is narrow; and frontal region is sharply angular as in other species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1842" box="[1591,1717,492,525]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Kerivoula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Kerivoula</taxonomicName>
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. I? is tall without cusp and unicuspid or bicuspid; I’ is shorter and unicuspid or bicuspid; P? and P? are subequalin size, about one-half the height of P* and I,is usually tricuspid but sometimes with four cusps.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[1444,2653,295,1397]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1445,1557,611,644]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Evergreen forests, riverine forests, and dry and mesic woodland savannas. In southern Africa, the Damara Woolly Bat seems to be confined to well-watered or riverine associations in dry country.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[1444,2653,295,1397]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1446,1705,729,762]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Based on wing morphology, flight characteristics, and “whispering” echolocation, the Damara Woolly Batlikely forages near the ground in habitats cluttered by vegetation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[1444,2653,295,1397]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1446,1581,848,881]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Breeding.</emphasis>
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In Uzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve,
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<collectingCountry box="[2094,2223,848,881]" name="Tanzania" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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, two lactating Damara Woolly Bats were caught in the end of November.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[1444,2653,295,1397]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1444,1679,926,959]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Damara Woolly Batis able to take off from the ground and hover briefly. Aspectratio is low, and wing loading is very low; flight is slow and fluttering, with great maneuverability. Day roosts are nests of weavers, including southern masked weavers (Ploceus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="I. Geoffroy" authorityYear="1824" box="[1684,1772,1045,1078]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Plecotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="velatus">velatus</taxonomicName>
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) and spectacled weavers (P. ocularis); among clusters of dead leaves; on rough bark of dead trees; under eaves of huts; and on walls sheltered by eaves of a rondavel. Call of an individual from the uMkhuze Game Reserve, eastern
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<collectingCountry box="[1448,1624,1163,1196]" name="South Africa" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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, had peak frequency of 99 kHz and duration of 1-7 milliseconds.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[1444,2653,295,1397]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1447,2147,1202,1235]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Damara Woolly Bats roost alone, in pairs, or in groups of up to five individuals.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1448,2498,1282,1315]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="144.[1444,2653,295,1397]" box="[1448,2498,1282,1315]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1448,1797,1282,1315]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="144" pageNumber="904" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="144.[1444,2653,295,1397]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1449,1602,1330,1355]" pageId="144" pageNumber="904">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Cotterill (2013p), Koopman (1994), Schoeman & Waddington (2011), Trentin & Rovero (2011), Simmons (2005).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |