170 lines
18 KiB
XML
170 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="1803927C8844AC918B09075A9AB15805" ID-ISSN="11755334" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629784348598" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Namayandeh, Armin, Bilyj, Bohdan, Beresford, David V., Somers, Keith M. & Dillon, Peter J." docDate="2012" docId="03FED906FFC53849FF0EC46EFCC4FEC0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03324p065.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3324" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Psectrocladius (Psectrocladius) elatus Roback" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="FFC7A17EFFE23860FF99C204FFC4FFFF" masterDocTitle="3324" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1699111555428" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="68B3FF01594221219AB621326845DCEF">3324</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="296684334A53202AF0870C6007F43918">Namayandeh, Armin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9886AC84269E5C17C82CCACDE4E1ABE4">Bilyj, Bohdan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1CE60718BC81FF188357754773A7AE2C">Beresford, David V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9FD74C0DFF9744C9B6F9C8CF1B6D9B94">Somers, Keith M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EDBA733C055463BACA6AA77F221E633F">Dillon, Peter J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DEE28ACC6211A7B3519829BCC864C2AB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="238753FB569CA8097394B2653DA8797B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7BAF74E1DB40F4C9339D5ECCEDBCC5C8">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03FED906FFC53849FF0EC46EFCC4FEC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FED906FFC53849FF0EC46EFCC4FEC0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FED906FFC53849FF0EC46EFCC4FEC0" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection id="C34D3B9BFFC53847FF0EC46EFD03F97C" box="[151,711,1641,1668]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE86810FFC53847FF0EC46EFD03F97C" blockId="39.[151,711,1641,1700]" box="[151,711,1641,1668]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<heading id="D0A0DF7CFFC53847FF0EC46EFD03F97C" bold="true" box="[151,711,1641,1668]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C571393FFC53847FF0EC46EFD03F97C" ID-CoL="6WB7V" authority="Roback" authorityName="Roback" box="[151,711,1641,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Psectrocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elatus" subGenus="Psectrocladius">
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<emphasis id="B923B402FFC53847FF0EC46EFD03F97C" bold="true" box="[151,711,1641,1668]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B923B402FFC53847FF0EC46EFE83F97B" bold="true" box="[151,327,1642,1668]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Psectrocladius</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B923B402FFC53847FEC1C46EFDCCF97B" bold="true" box="[344,520,1642,1668]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Psectrocladius</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B923B402FFC53847FD80C46EFDA4F97B" bold="true" box="[537,608,1642,1668]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">elatus</emphasis>
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Roback
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34D3B9BFFC53847FF0EC488FED8F95B" box="[151,284,1676,1700]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE86810FFC53847FF0EC488FED8F95B" blockId="39.[151,711,1641,1700]" box="[151,284,1676,1700]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<figureCitation id="136C7495FFC53847FF0EC488FED8F95B" box="[151,284,1676,1700]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1963,1986]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,337,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-105@40.[188,1398,337,1949]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 32. Psectrocladius (s. str.) elatus Roback, larva (A–F). A—labrum and premandible, arrow pointing to SI seta; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum; E—posterior end of abdomen; F—procerci." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 32A–F</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34D3B9BFFC53848FF0EC4D0FD53FEE3" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE86810FFC53847FF0EC4D0FB91F883" blockId="39.[151,1436,1748,2024]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B923B402FFC53847FF0EC4D0FED5F912" bold="true" box="[151,273,1748,1773]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Labrum and premandible as in
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<figureCitation id="136C7495FFC53847FD10C4D0FD37F913" box="[649,755,1748,1772]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1963,1986]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,337,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-105@40.[188,1398,337,1949]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 32. Psectrocladius (s. str.) elatus Roback, larva (A–F). A—labrum and premandible, arrow pointing to SI seta; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum; E—posterior end of abdomen; F—procerci." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 32A</figureCitation>
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; SI seta palmate with 8 teeth; premandible simple without brush; antenna (
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<figureCitation id="136C7495FFC53847FED0C4FCFE68F8EF" box="[329,428,1784,1808]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1963,1986]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,337,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-105@40.[188,1398,337,1949]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 32. Psectrocladius (s. str.) elatus Roback, larva (A–F). A—labrum and premandible, arrow pointing to SI seta; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum; E—posterior end of abdomen; F—procerci." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 32B</figureCitation>
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) 5-segmented, with long basal segment, AR about 3.0; mandible (
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<figureCitation id="136C7495FFC53847FB17C4FCFB36F8EF" box="[1166,1266,1784,1808]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1963,1986]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,337,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-105@40.[188,1398,337,1949]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 32. Psectrocladius (s. str.) elatus Roback, larva (A–F). A—labrum and premandible, arrow pointing to SI seta; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum; E—posterior end of abdomen; F—procerci." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 32C</figureCitation>
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) with long apical tooth 1.5x length of combined inner teeth, seta interna present; mentum with broad median tooth with pair of slightly raised central projections; VM plates well developed with short beard; posterior end of abdomen as in
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<figureCitation id="136C7495FFC53847FAE9C544FF03F883" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1963,1986]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,337,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-105@40.[188,1398,337,1949]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 32. Psectrocladius (s. str.) elatus Roback, larva (A–F). A—labrum and premandible, arrow pointing to SI seta; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum; E—posterior end of abdomen; F—procerci." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 32E</figureCitation>
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; procercus with several small basal spurs, occasionally fused together (
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<figureCitation id="136C7495FFC53847FC7CC560FB8CF883" box="[997,1096,1892,1916]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1963,1986]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,337,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-105@40.[188,1398,337,1949]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 32. Psectrocladius (s. str.) elatus Roback, larva (A–F). A—labrum and premandible, arrow pointing to SI seta; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum; E—posterior end of abdomen; F—procerci." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 32F</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE86810FFC53848FF5EC58DFD53FEE3" blockId="39.[151,1436,1748,2024]" lastBlockId="40.[151,1437,151,284]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||
<emphasis id="B923B402FFC53847FF5EC58DFED5F85E" bold="true" box="[199,273,1929,1953]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="1">Notes.</emphasis>
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In keying the larva using
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC615E1FFC53847FDDAC58CFD11F85F" author="Epler, J. H." box="[579,725,1928,1952]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref26524" refString="Epler, J. H. (2001) Identification manual for the larval Chironomidae (Diptera) of North and South Carolina. A guide to the taxonomy of the midges of the southeastern United States including Florida. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources. Division of Water Quality, Special Publication SJ 2001 - SP 13, 530 + iv pp." type="book" year="2001">Epler (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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, couplet 9 was problematic in differentiating the mentum and premandible. The characterization of the mentum for
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<taxonomicName id="4C571393FFC53847FC8DC5A9FBF8F83A" box="[788,1084,1964,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Psectrocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elatus" subGenus="Psectrocladius">
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<emphasis id="B923B402FFC53847FC8DC5A9FC7DF83A" box="[788,953,1965,1989]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Psectrocladius</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="B923B402FFC53847FC56C5A9FC20F83B" box="[975,996,1965,1988]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">P.</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B923B402FFC53847FC60C5A9FBF8F83A" box="[1017,1084,1965,1989]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">elatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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should indicate median tooth slightly raised apically with small central projections, as illustrated in the original description by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC615E1FFC53847FB52C5D4FAAFF817" author="Roback, S. S." box="[1227,1387,2000,2024]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="1 - 152" refId="ref27448" refString="Roback, S. S. (1957) The immature tendipedids of the Philadelphia area (Diptera: Tendipedidae). Monograph of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 9, 1 - 152." type="journal article" year="1957">Roback (1957</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 243). The premandible shown by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC615E1FFCA3848FD8CC293FD72FF50" author="Roback, S. S." box="[533,694,151,175]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 152" refId="ref27448" refString="Roback, S. S. (1957) The immature tendipedids of the Philadelphia area (Diptera: Tendipedidae). Monograph of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 9, 1 - 152." type="journal article" year="1957">Roback (1957</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 248) is not quite as broad distally and the pigmentation consists of brownish streaks not a completely darkened tooth. It is suggested that
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<taxonomicName id="4C571393FFCA3848FB99C2B8FEA7FF08" authority="(Johannsen)" baseAuthorityName="Johannsen" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Psectrocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulans" subGenus="Psectrocladius">
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||
<emphasis id="B923B402FFCA3848FB99C2B8FB61FF2B" box="[1024,1189,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Psectrocladius</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<emphasis id="B923B402FFCA3848FB2FC2B8FA9FFF2B" box="[1206,1371,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Psectrocladius</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B923B402FFCA3848FAF5C2B9FF10FF07" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">simulans</emphasis>
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(Johannsen)
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</taxonomicName>
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be keyed first with broadly arched median tooth without “square-shouldered, then separating
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<taxonomicName id="4C571393FFCA3848FA1EC2E5FEC3FEE3" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Psectrocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elatus" subGenus="Psectrocladius">
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||
<emphasis id="B923B402FFCA3848FA1EC2E5FA59FF07" box="[1415,1437,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P.</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<emphasis id="B923B402FFCA3848FF39C301FF71FEE3" box="[160,181,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P.</emphasis>
|
||
)
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||
<emphasis id="B923B402FFCA3848FF5DC300FEC3FEE3" box="[196,263,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">elatus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
with a much broader median tooth.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF283898FFCA3848FF0EC5AFFC3EF81F" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[151,250,1963,1986]" targetBox="[189,1398,337,1949]" targetPageId="40">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE86810FFCA3848FF0EC5AFFC3EF81F" blockId="40.[151,1436,1963,2016]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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||
<emphasis id="B923B402FFCA3848FF0EC5AFFEE7F83D" bold="true" box="[151,291,1963,1986]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 32.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C571393FFCA3848FEB4C5A8FD73F83D" authority="Roback" authorityName="Roback" box="[301,695,1964,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Psectrocladius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923B402FFCA3848FEB4C5A8FE06F83D" box="[301,450,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Psectrocladius</emphasis>
|
||
(
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||
<emphasis id="B923B402FFCA3848FE4CC5A9FDCBF83D" box="[469,527,1965,1986]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">s. str.</emphasis>
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||
)
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||
<emphasis id="B923B402FFCA3848FDB9C5A8FD99F83D" box="[544,605,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">elatus</emphasis>
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||
Roback
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, larva (A–F). A—labrum and premandible, arrow pointing to SI seta; B—antenna; C—mandible; D—mentum; E—posterior end of abdomen; F—procerci.
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</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34D3B9BFFCB3849FF5EC29CFCC4FEC0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE86810FFCB3849FF5EC29CFCC4FEC0" blockId="41.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923B402FFCB3849FF5EC29CFE7AFF4F" bold="true" box="[199,446,151,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="1">Ecology and habitat.</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B3F624DFFCB3849FE5CC29CFDD1FEC0" country="Canada" location="Muskoka District" municipality="Little White River" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ontario">
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Larvae are common in softwater streams (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC615E1FFCB3849FC07C293FBE4FF50" author="Epler, J. H." box="[926,1056,151,175]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref26524" refString="Epler, J. H. (2001) Identification manual for the larval Chironomidae (Diptera) of North and South Carolina. A guide to the taxonomy of the midges of the southeastern United States including Florida. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources. Division of Water Quality, Special Publication SJ 2001 - SP 13, 530 + iv pp." type="book" year="2001">Epler 2001</bibRefCitation>
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||
). Larvae are collector-gatherer. In study streams it occurred in all habitats.
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<emphasis id="B923B402FFCB3849FF5EC2DBFEBEFF07" bold="true" box="[199,378,223,248]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="1">Sampling sites.</emphasis>
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B8CF26AFFCB3849FE18C2DBFD94FF08" box="[385,592,223,247]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Little White River</collectingMunicipality>
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||
, Massasauga, and Arrowhead Provincial Parks and
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||
<location id="8E883ECBFFCB3849FB0AC2DBFA9EFF08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FED906FFC53849FF0EC46EFCC4FEC0:8E883ECBFFCB3849FB0AC2DBFA9EFF08" box="[1171,1370,223,247]" country="Canada" municipality="Little White River" name="Muskoka District" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" stateProvince="Ontario">Muskoka District</location>
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||
.
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||
<emphasis id="B923B402FFCB3849FF5EC307FE03FEE3" bold="true" box="[199,455,259,284]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="1">Nearctic distribution.</emphasis>
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First published record for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3402880FFCB3849FD6DC300FC88FEE3" box="[756,844,260,284]" name="Canada" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4993A6F2FFCB3849FCCEC300FC74FEE3" box="[855,944,260,284]" country="Canada" name="Ontario" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Ontario</collectingRegion>
|
||
. USA: Florida, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4993A6F2FFCB3849FDC9C323FD38FEC0" box="[592,764,295,319]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |