269 lines
37 KiB
XML
269 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="4B1605B5734ACCB172F4577954111B53" ID-CLB-Dataset="29327" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4450.1.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="35336a37-ad0d-402e-9029-3a62cd77bbff" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1444554" ID-ZooBank="E7109C9A-0164-4EC6-BD6D-029B83F881F8" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1538631474942" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Naka, Takeru & Maruyama, Munetoshi" docDate="2018" docId="039887F9FF92FFCEFF05FD436F93BA7A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4450.1.10.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4450 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa Naka & Maruyama 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="424D1F89-80DD-493D-A08D-94B532BF1A28" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="139" masterDocId="FFA1FF81FF93FFCAFF92FF946B00B818" masterDocTitle="Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov.: the first troglobiotic ant from Japan (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae)" masterLastPageNumber="141" masterPageNumber="135" pageNumber="136" updateTime="1698562899523" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="F2F35041B9AFE21B08531333D2BCA5D1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="32F09C8C5F267FFFE69369F72A5A16AD">
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<mods:title id="68C2163BAE65D14FFD82E313BBF95F1A">Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov.: the first troglobiotic ant from Japan (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C217AA4DE337BBA20B26DB8C517A6649" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8EFF5206F9087E18D403ED2FDC55D9B2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="3C04866E0F3FC9EAD28E5AA048688956">Naka, Takeru</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="598941F2DAAFB1EEFEEADD3AA6D9804B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6D4D2ADE98169BE64637A149223D685B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0A9CD2B68EDC12C4C7FC46ECB05C4D19">Maruyama, Munetoshi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7F66FFDCD6D96226D1D70AB4E1078367">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="CCAEDF6889C1F565FBE146B57FEF88C6">
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<mods:title id="6907A53F52F8D2431AF43C55CC1D02FE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="7D6AC6F0ACC2E51CBDECEB2BC896EF82">
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<mods:date id="028D699640056FAF6BAFA51C88C32C6A">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="937271B752A2E7C55C1B01042B0C5873" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="2CD1B4552E8EEE97013FEA3F56B7DE5B">2018-07-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3F70025AB34175072C2A2CF9831FE93B">4450</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="FC8F648018B468204C33D9E39EDC1C12" type="issue">
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<mods:classification id="EF687DCC6C21582BA56C44DB662CD9E3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="294FD481A7863D42A8EA5CD69CB1C105" type="CLB-Dataset">29327</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="68D80210C2EDBF949661854DF735EA70" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4450.1.10</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="62D171CDDB992DED25F5BDBFD3EEEBC2" type="GBIF-Dataset">35336a37-ad0d-402e-9029-3a62cd77bbff</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="039887F9FF92FFCEFF05FD436F93BA7A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5984580" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148462218" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5984580" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:424D1F89-80DD-493D-A08D-94B532BF1A28" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039887F9FF92FFCEFF05FD436F93BA7A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">
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<subSubSection id="C32B6564FF92FFCBFF05FD43686FBAEA" box="[151,879,727,754]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8E36EFFF92FFCBFF05FD43686FBAEA" blockId="1.[151,879,727,754]" box="[151,879,727,754]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">
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<heading id="D0C68183FF92FFCBFF05FD43686FBAEA" bold="true" box="[151,879,727,754]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF92FFCBFF05FD43686FBAEA" bold="true" box="[151,879,727,754]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D6CFF92FFCBFF05FD436805BAEA" authority="Naka & Maruyama" authorityName="Naka & Maruyama" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,773,727,754]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamagumayaa" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF92FFCBFF05FD436906BAE9" bold="true" box="[151,518,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa</emphasis>
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Naka & Maruyama
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2765786FF92FFCBFC80FD4C686FBAEA" box="[786,879,728,754]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32B6564FF92FFCBFF05FC8A68FFBBBB" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8E36EFFF92FFCBFF05FC8A68FFBBBB" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,1939]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">
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<materialsCitation id="3B593CB2FF92FFCBFF05FC8A68B7BB43" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914123445" collectingDate="2017-09-10" collectionCode="KUM" collectorName="Nakagusuku-son & Okinawa-jima & T. Naka & Kyushu University" country="Japan" location="The Institute of Tropical Agriculture" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" specimenCode="MMANT001" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF92FFCBFF05FC8A6A26BB2F" bold="true" box="[151,294,798,823]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">
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<typeStatus id="548A884DFF92FFCBFF05FC8A6BD2BB2F" box="[151,210,798,823]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Type</typeStatus>
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series.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="548A884DFF92FFCBFEA3FC8A6A9CBB2F" box="[305,412,798,823]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, worker,
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<collectorName id="26C45339FF92FFCBFD9EFC8A69CBBB2F" box="[524,715,798,823]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Nakagusuku-son</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="26C45339FF92FFCBFD48FC8A687DBB2F" box="[730,893,798,823]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Okinawa-jima</collectorName>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F326767FFF92FFCBFC1EFC8B68CFBB2E" box="[908,975,799,822]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Japan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFCBE9C7FF92FFCBFC4CFC8B6F67BB2F" box="[990,1127,799,823]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" value="2017-09-10">
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<date id="FF8F102FFF92FFCBFC4CFC8B6F67BB2F" box="[990,1127,799,823]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" value="2017-09-10">10 IX 2017</date>
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</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26C45339FF92FFCBFBE5FC8B6FD3BB2F" box="[1143,1235,798,823]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">T. Naka</collectorName>
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(
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<location id="8EEE6034FF92FFCBFB74FC8A6A85BB43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039887F9FF92FFCEFF05FD436F93BA7A:8EEE6034FF92FFCBFB74FC8A6A85BB43" country="Japan" name="The Institute of Tropical Agriculture" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">The Institute of Tropical Agriculture</location>
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,
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<collectorName id="26C45339FF92FFCBFE07FCD6696FBB43" box="[405,623,834,859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Kyushu University</collectorName>
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=
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<collectionCode id="ED20AE2AFF92FFCBFD05FCD769DBBB42" box="[663,731,835,858]" country="Ghana" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13924" name="Resource Management Support Center" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">KUM</collectionCode>
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, no
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<specimenCode id="DB979E94FF92FFCBFC87FCD768AFBB43" box="[789,943,835,859]" collectionCode="MMANT" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">MMANT001</specimenCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B593CB2FF92FFCBFC55FCD768FCBBBB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914123444" collectingDate="2017-08-31" collectingDateMax="2017-09-10" collectingDateMin="2017-08-31" collectionCode="KUM, MCZC" collectorName="Cambridge, MA" country="United States of America" location="Museum of Comparative Zoology" municipality="Harvard University" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" specimenCode="MMANT002-006, MMANT007,008" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-worker="7" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="548A884DFF92FFCBFC55FCD76F37BB43" box="[967,1079,835,859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D37FD66FF92FFCBFBD5FCD76FBEBB43" box="[1095,1214,834,859]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" type="worker">7 workers</specimenCount>
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, the same locality, collected between
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<collectingDate id="EFCBE9C7FF92FFCBFEF4FCF3694DBB67" box="[358,589,871,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" value="2017-08-31" valueMax="2017-09-10" valueMin="2017-08-31">
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||
<date id="FF8F102FFF92FFCBFEF4FCF3694DBB67" box="[358,589,871,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" value="2017-08-31" valueMax="2017-09-10" valueMin="2017-08-31">31 VIII - 10 IX 2017</date>
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</collectingDate>
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(
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<quantity id="4CC99B0AFF92FFCBFDCFFCF26988BB67" box="[605,648,870,895]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
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<collectionCode id="ED20AE2AFF92FFCBFD1CFCF369D2BB66" box="[654,722,871,894]" country="Ghana" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13924" name="Resource Management Support Center" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">KUM</collectionCode>
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, nos.
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<specimenCode id="DB979E94FF92FFCBFC83FCF268DEBB67" box="[785,990,870,895]" collectionCode="MMANT" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">MMANT002-006</specimenCode>
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||
;
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||
<quantity id="4CC99B0AFF92FFCBFC7AFCF36F13BB67" box="[1000,1043,870,895]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
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<collectionCode id="ED20AE2AFF92FFCBFB8BFCF36F68BB67" box="[1049,1128,871,895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">MCZC</collectionCode>
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||
=
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||
<location id="8EEE6034FF92FFCBFB17FCF36BF7BBBB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039887F9FF92FFCEFF05FD436F93BA7A:8EEE6034FF92FFCBFB17FCF36BF7BBBB" country="United States of America" municipality="Harvard University" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Museum of Comparative Zoology</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BEAAC95FF92FFCBFE90FC1E6ADDBBBB" box="[258,477,906,931]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Harvard University</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectorName id="26C45339FF92FFCBFE75FC1E69A1BBBB" box="[487,673,906,931]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Cambridge, MA</collectorName>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F326767FFF92FFCBFD3FFC1F69E8BBBB" box="[685,744,907,931]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">USA</collectingCountry>
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, nos.
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<specimenCode id="DB979E94FF92FFCBFCBAFC1F68F4BBBB" box="[808,1012,907,931]" collectionCode="MMANT" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">MMANT007,008</specimenCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32B6564FF92FFCBFF55FC3A69C9BC4F" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B8E36EFFF92FFCBFF55FC3A69C9BC4F" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,1939]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">
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<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF92FFCBFF55FC3A6A41BBDF" bold="true" box="[199,321,942,967]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This species is distinguished from the other East Asian species by having the most elongate body, the longest antennae and legs, and the most reduced eyes. Among the Japanese species, it is most similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D6CFF92FFCBFA16FC476921BC17" authority="Watanabe & Yamane, 1999" authorityName="Watanabe & Yamane" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irrigua">
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<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF92FFCBFA16FC476BE6BC16" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">A. irrigua</emphasis>
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Watanabe & Yamane, 1999
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</taxonomicName>
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described from Ryukyu Archipelago. It differs from
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D6CFF92FFCBFBEAFC636FE7BC16" authorityName="Watanabe & Yamane" authorityYear="1999" box="[1144,1255,1015,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="irrigua">
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<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF92FFCBFBEAFC636FE7BC16" box="[1144,1255,1015,1038]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">A. irrigua</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in lighter color, smaller eyes (EL 0.19 x TmL
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<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF92FFCBFE7CFB8F6905BC2A" box="[494,517,1051,1074]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">vs</emphasis>
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. 0.38 x TmL), basal margin of mandible with weaker serration, and scapes more elongate and slim (SL 2.28 x HW
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<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF92FFCBFD85FBAB692EBC4E" box="[535,558,1087,1110]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">vs</emphasis>
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. 1.53 x HW).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32B6564FF92FFC9FF55FBF66933BAE8" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="1" pageNumber="136" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8E36EFFF92FFCBFF55FBF66FD8BD36" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,1939]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">
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<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF92FFCBFF55FBF66A7DBC63" bold="true" box="[199,381,1122,1147]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Measurements.</emphasis>
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Workers (n = 6). HL, 1.499 ± 0.047 (1.439–1.566); HW, 1.118 ± 0.030 (1.073–1.152); TmL, 0.790±0.038 (0.743–0.843); GL, 0.808±0.027 (0.778–0.856); SL, 2.429±0.053 (2.350–2.509); EL, 0.143±0.006 (0.134–0.149); EW, 0.119±0.005 (0.114–0.128); ML, 2.563±0.074 (2.463–2.659); PSL, 0.363±0.017 (0.348– 0.388); SDL, 0.252±0.010 (0.242–0.270); HTL, 2.121±0.047 (2.046–2.176); PL, 0.753±0.026 (0.702–0.769); PPL, 0.480±0.017 (0.465–0.513);
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<collectingCountry id="F326767FFF92FFCBFE69FB676921BD12" box="[507,545,1267,1290]" name="Philippines" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">PH</collectingCountry>
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, 0.389±0.008 (0.380–0.399); PPH, 0.356±0.034 (0.330–0.423); PNW, 0.748±0.022 (0.713-0.775); PW, 0.271±0.009 (0.260–0.283); PPW, 0.327±0.007 (0.317–0.338).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E36EFFF92FFCBFF55FAAE6E33BD83" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,1939]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">
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<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF92FFCBFF55FAAE6A59BD4B" bold="true" box="[199,345,1338,1363]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Description.</emphasis>
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Body (
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<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF92FFCBFE26FAAE6923BD4B" box="[436,547,1338,1363]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. holotype worker of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
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) almost entirely yellowish. Head and mesosoma yellow, but mandibles and antennae darker, and base of head and anterior area of prothorax brown; legs light yellow but bases of femora, tibiae and tarsi darker. Gaster light yellow, but basal constriction brown, and posterior 1/2 slightly darker.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E36EFFF92FFCBFF55FA32691BBF8B" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,1939]" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">
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Head (
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<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF92FFCBFE86FA326A82BDA7" box="[276,386,1446,1471]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. holotype worker of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Figs. 2, 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) oval, without basal constriction or neck. Anterior margin of clypeus with weak transverse wrinkles and shallowly concave. Eyes very small, 0.19 times as long as length of tempora. Scapes elongate and slim, 2.28 times as long as width of head, at base 1.7 times as wide as at apex, gradually widened, straight, only apex slightly bent down with slight preapical constriction. Surface of scape shiny, uniformly covered with short and sparse adherent setae. Scape straight, only apex slightly bent down with shallow preapical constriction. Funicle elongate and thin, 1.38 times as long as scape, first funicular segment elongate, 3.17 times as long as wide at apex, 1.74 times as long as second segment, relative lengths of segments, 100:57:68:75:76:76:92:150:145:143:213, apical segment 3.1 times as wide as first segment. Pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF92FFCBFCE3F93668D7BEA3" box="[881,983,1698,1723]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. holotype worker of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Figs.1, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) elongate, 1.37 times as long as wide, regularly convex in profile. Propodeum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF92FFCBFDFFF95269DDBEC7" box="[621,733,1734,1759]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. holotype worker of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Figs. 1, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) almost as long as wide, propodeal spines short, needle-like, obliquely directed upwards. Petiole (Fig. 1,4) elongate with long peduncle, its anterior face deeply concave, node globular and strongly convex. Ventral margin of petiole with low, short carina around middle. In dorsal view, petiole gently widened postriorly before petiolar node. Postpetiole (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF92FFCBFC00F8A668FEBF53" box="[914,1022,1842,1867]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. holotype worker of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="136">Figs. 1, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) short, 0.68 times as long as petiole, in profile regularly rounded, its node slightly lower than petiole. In dorsal view postpetiole 1.5 times as long as wide with regularly rounded sides.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4E6667FF91FFC8FF05F82E686ABFE8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" startId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" targetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E36EFFF91FFC8FF05F82E686ABFE8" blockId="2.[151,1436,1978,2032]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF91FFC8FF05F82E6A3CBFC8" bold="true" box="[151,316,1978,2001]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">FIGURES 1–4.</emphasis>
|
||
holotype worker of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D6CFF91FFC8FD81F82F684ABFC9" authority="Naka & Maruyama, 2018" authorityName="Naka & Maruyama" authorityYear="2018" box="[531,842,1979,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamagumayaa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF91FFC8FD81F82F684ABFC9" box="[531,842,1979,2001]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2765786FF91FFC8FCC1F82F68A5BFC8" box="[851,933,1979,2000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF91FFC8FCC1F82F68A5BFC8" bold="true" box="[851,933,1979,2000]" pageId="2" pageNumber="137">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E36EFFF90FFC9FF55FF036A20BAD5" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">
|
||
Mandible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF90FFC9FED0FF036A85B8A8" box="[322,389,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. holotype worker of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) elongate, with outer edge straight, dorsal surface with distinct striation, inner margin with 7 or 8 small teeth. Lateral portion of clypeus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF90FFC9FD08FF2869DFB8CC" box="[666,735,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. holotype worker of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 2–3 thin oblique rugae, central part without sculpture, shiny. Frontal carinae short, not extending to line connecting anterior margin of eyes, subparallel; interantennal area deeply impressed, smooth and shiny, frontal triangle shiny, with a few, shallow longitudinal wrinkles. Anterior portion of frons with thin longitudinal rugae, mesal area between eyes glabrous and shiny, posterior portion around vertex without rugae but with distinct microreticulation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF90FFC9FC8BFED8685EB97C" box="[793,862,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. holotype worker of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF90FFC9FC61FED86F5FB97C" box="[1011,1119,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. holotype worker of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Figs. 1, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) with microreticulation, but with smooth areas postero-laterally, with 8 short setae. Top of mesonotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF90FFC9FBB4FEFB6F9CB990" box="[1062,1180,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. holotype worker of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Figs. 1, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) covered with strong longitudinal rugae; mesopleuron with distinct granulate sculpture, matte. Propodeum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF90FFC9FB16FE006FF7B9B4" box="[1156,1271,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. holotype worker of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Figs. 1, 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) with slightly granulate sculpture, below spiracles with two short, thin, longitudinal rugae with distinct transverse wrinkles, and dorsal surface of both mesonotum and propodeum appears slightly matte. Entire petiole and postpetiole covered with fine microreticulation, without rugae. appearing slightly matte, covered with several sparse setae. Gaster (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF90FFC9FAFDFE6B6BA3BA24" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. holotype worker of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) smooth, shiny, without microreticulation except in basal area, tergites with sparse, suberect setae much shorter than propodeal spines. Legs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF90FFC9FE4CFDD3691EBA78" box="[478,542,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[167,1431,195,1957]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. holotype worker of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 1) whole body in lateral view; 2) head; 3) head capsule; 4) mesosoma and fore segments of abdomen. Scales= 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444556/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) very long, hind femora 1.13 times as long as mesosoma, hind tibiae 0.77 times as long as hind femora, hind tarsi 1.19 times as long as hind femora. Surface of legs shiny, fore tarsi only on ventral surface covered with very short, appressed pubescence; femora and mid- and hind tibiae completely without pubescence.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E36EFFF90FFC9FF55FD4C6933BAE8" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,824]" box="[199,563,727,752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Queens and males are unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32B6564FF90FFCEFF55FD686F93BA7A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="3" pageNumber="138" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E36EFFF90FFC9FF55FD686AE9BB20" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF90FFC9FF55FD686A4EBB0D" bold="true" box="[199,334,764,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet is a Ryukyuan dialect “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D6CFF90FFC9FCAFFD6868E4BB0C" authorityName="Naka & Maruyama" authorityYear="2018" box="[829,996,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamagumayaa">gamagumayaa</taxonomicName>
|
||
” (= cave-dwelling hermit), referring to the habitat of the new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4E6667FF90FFC9FF05F8BF6898BF79" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444558/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="138" startId="3.[151,264,1835,1858]" targetBox="[151,1436,877,1815]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E36EFFF90FFC9FF05F8BF6898BF79" blockId="3.[151,1436,1835,1889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF90FFC9FF05F8BF6A3ABF59" bold="true" box="[151,314,1835,1858]" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">FIGURES 5–8.</emphasis>
|
||
habitat photos of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D6CFF90FFC9FE63F8B86825BF5A" authority="Naka & Maruyama, 2018" authorityName="Naka & Maruyama" authorityYear="2018" box="[497,805,1836,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamagumayaa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF90FFC9FE63F8B86825BF5A" box="[497,805,1836,1858]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2765786FF90FFC9FCB9F8B8687CBF59" box="[811,892,1836,1857]" pageId="3" pageNumber="138" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF90FFC9FCB9F8B8687CBF59" bold="true" box="[811,892,1836,1857]" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
5) guano hall where the type series found; 6) the nest entrance; 7) two workers walking together; 8) worker carrying a guano ball.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E36EFFF90FFCEFF55F8196BFCB8E0" blockId="3.[151,1437,1933,2033]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,611]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF90FFC9FF55F8196A89BFBE" bold="true" box="[199,393,1933,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Biological notes.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="548A884DFF90FFC9FE50F81A6AF2BFBE" box="[450,498,1934,1958]" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D6CFF90FFC9FDCCF81968B3BFBD" authorityName="Naka & Maruyama" authorityYear="2018" box="[606,947,1933,1957]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamagumayaa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF90FFC9FDCCF81968B3BFBD" box="[606,947,1933,1957]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on workers probably from a single nest, collected in a limestone cave on the island of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F5F80DFF90FFC9FD40F825683BBFD2" box="[722,827,1969,1994]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
. All specimens were found in a guano hall (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF90FFC9FABAF8256E6BBFD2" box="[1320,1387,1969,1994]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,877,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,877,1815]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. habitat photos of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 5) guano hall where the type series found; 6) the nest entrance; 7) two workers walking together; 8) worker carrying a guano ball." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444558/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="138">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
), an area of approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B0AFF90FFC9FE06F84C6ACBBFE8" box="[404,459,2008,2033]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="138" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
|
||
2 (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B0AFF90FFC9FE71F84D692BBFE8" box="[483,555,2009,2033]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="138" unit="m" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 m</quantity>
|
||
in height), approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B0AFF90FFC9FCC7F84D688EBFE8" box="[853,910,2009,2033]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="138" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
from the cave entrance. The hall is completely dark, and during the study period (
|
||
<date id="FF8F102FFF97FFCEFD84FF0C6828B8A8" box="[534,808,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="139" value="2017-08" valueMax="2017-10-31" valueMin="2017-08-00">August to October 2017</date>
|
||
), it was consistently cooler (<25°C during the day) than the exterior of the cave (28–32°C). The cave contains no pools or streams but is generally wet, and the substrate is clay soil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E36EFFF97FFCEFF55FE926F93BA7A" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="139">
|
||
The ants were moving around an approximately 4-m2 area in which there were many small holes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF97FFCEFA8DFE926E63B907" box="[1311,1379,262,287]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,877,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,877,1815]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. habitat photos of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 5) guano hall where the type series found; 6) the nest entrance; 7) two workers walking together; 8) worker carrying a guano ball." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444558/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="139">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) and cracks in the cave floor. Ants were observed entering these holes. Although one of the authors, TN, did not dig into the holes, they were surmised to be associated with a core part of the nest. TN observed a maximum of 12 individual workers, most likely nest mates; no aggression was seen between them. Most of them were solitary foragers and observed on the cave floor or on the lower part of the cave wall. However, on one occasion two ants were observed walking together (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF97FFCEFD80FE2E6956B9CB" box="[530,598,442,467]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,877,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,877,1815]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. habitat photos of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 5) guano hall where the type series found; 6) the nest entrance; 7) two workers walking together; 8) worker carrying a guano ball." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444558/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="139">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) for some time. On two occasions ants were seen carrying balls of guano into a hole (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130A2A6AFF97FFCEFE8EFE4A6A60B9EF" box="[284,352,478,503]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1835,1858]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,877,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,877,1815]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. habitat photos of Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov. 5) guano hall where the type series found; 6) the nest entrance; 7) two workers walking together; 8) worker carrying a guano ball." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444558/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="139">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Another individual was observed carrying a small white object that did not appear to be guano. Upon perceiving human movement, the ants stopped moving and hid. While motionless, they waved their antennae, most likely to assess the situation. Gaster bending behavior, which is often observed in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D6CFF97FFCEFF05FDDF6A41BA7B" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1853" box="[151,321,587,611]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF97FFCEFF05FDDF6A41BA7B" box="[151,321,587,611]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="139">Aphaenogaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA04B1EFF97FFCEFE34FDDF6998BA7B" box="[422,664,587,611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="139" refId="ref4058" refString="Terayama, M., Kubota, S. & Eguchi, K. (2014) Encyclopedia of Japanese Ants. Gakken, Tokyo, 278 pp. [in Japanese]" type="book">
|
||
Terayama
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF97FFCEFD8FFDDF694FBA7B" box="[541,591,587,611]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="139">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), has not been observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D6CFF97FFCEFC55FDDF6F8BBA7A" authorityName="Naka & Maruyama" authorityYear="2018" box="[967,1163,587,610]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamagumayaa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EAFDFF97FFCEFC55FDDF6F8BBA7A" box="[967,1163,587,610]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="139">A. gamagumayaa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |