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191 KiB
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1199 lines
191 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="D258B9441D42700B0C00806FD5E962E8">Rediscovering the unusual Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Diogenidae) in the “ Great African Seaforest ”</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="496BA2C878D637C1C0BD6D0839E322FB">Landschoff, Jannes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D5877E5375A2E8F276DF5C8288A4793F">Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X 1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa. & Sea Change Project, Sea Change Trust, 6 Buxton Avenue, Oranjezicht, 8001, Cape Town, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="03FBA01377186C7B6A22106D1214FB10">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 4210 Silver Hill Road, Suitland, MD 20746, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="A091FE851177FF88FF05F9A2E6550E3B" authority="Stebbing, 1924" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,608,1605,1632]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
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<emphasis id="55E559141177FF88FF05F9A2E5950E04" bold="true" box="[151,416,1605,1632]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="531">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71177FF88FE35F9A2E6550E3B" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[423,608,1605,1631]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing, 1924</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<figureCitation id="FFAA99831177FF88FF0DF98EE53C0EE7" box="[159,265,1641,1667]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,653,677]" captionStartId-2="3.[151,250,1761,1785]" captionStartId-3="6.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionStartId-4="7.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionStartId-5="8.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionStartId-6="11.[151,250,1387,1411]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1428,189,1836]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1427,189,620]" captionTargetBox-2="[160,1428,783,1729]" captionTargetBox-3="[223,1365,189,1880]" captionTargetBox-4="[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetBox-5="[226,1361,181,1850]" captionTargetBox-6="[157,1431,849,1364]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@2.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetId-1="figure-26@3.[151,1436,181,629]" captionTargetId-2="figure-51@3.[151,1436,774,1738]" captionTargetId-3="figure-17@6.[214,1373,181,1885]" captionTargetId-4="figure-26@7.[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetId-5="figure-17@8.[226,1361,181,1850]" captionTargetId-6="figure-354@11.[157,1431,849,1364]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionTargetPageId-4="7" captionTargetPageId-5="8" captionTargetPageId-6="11" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, shield, cephalic appendages and posterior carapace, dorsal view; B, right side of cephalic shield, lateral lobe, unnamed plate, branchiostegite, and part of antennal peduncle, lateral view; C, ocular peduncles with basal ‘pores’, ventral view; D, mandible, internal view; E, ischium of third maxilliped with crista dentata, internal view. Abbreviations: LL, lateral lobe; PM, posteromedian plate; UP, unnamed plate." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096, right chela: A, lateral view; B, mesial view." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, pereopod 2, lateral view; B, same, dorsomesial view; C, dactyl of same, mesial view; D, pereopod 3, lateral view; E, dactyl of same, mesial view." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, sternite XI and coxae of pereopod 3, ventral view; B, sternite XIII and coxae of pereopod 5, ventral view; C, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 4, lateral view; D, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 5, lateral view; E, sixth pleonal somite, dorsal view; F, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, colour in life: A, dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; B, dorsal view female 10.8 mm, SAMC-A096852; C shield and cephalic appendages, same as A; D, left lateral view, ovig. female 10.4 mm, USNM 1292095; E, right cheliped, lateral view; F, same as E, mesial view, male 12.1 mm SAMC-A096853; G, uropods and telson, dorsal view, USNM 1292096; H, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view, same as G." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924: A, mesial and B, lateral view of right cheliped (in alcohol), male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; C dorsal view of male paratype (pleon missing), 16.5 mm, SAMC 1541; D, shield, dorsal view of the same as C; E, three-dimensional reconstruction of microCT scan, male 9.0 mm, SAMC A066204; F, specimen in life extended from shell (in tank), male 14.3 mm, SAMC A066603; G, specimen in natural habitat, Millers Point, False Bay, Cape Town; H, specimen in tank eating Cape Urchin (identity unclear), ~9.5 mm, USNM 1292096. Photographs F, G, by Craig Foster." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. World distribution of species of Cancellus H. Milne Edwards, 1836." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268864" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268868" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268870" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268872" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268876" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268878" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268880" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13268864/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13268868/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13268870/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13268872/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/13268876/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/13268878/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/13268880/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="531">Figs. 1–7</figureCitation>
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)
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<emphasis id="55E559141177FF88FF05F949E5400EA2" box="[151,373,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="531">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71177FF88FEECF949E6640EA2" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[382,593,1710,1734]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing, 1924: 240</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 3, figs. as, car, m, mx1, mx2, mxp1, mxp2, mxp3, prp1, prp3, prp4, prp5, T (
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pl. 118) (
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locality: Algoa Bay,
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, fig. 82;
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<treatmentCitation id="E630A3171177FF88FBACF92AE1350E80" author="Day, J. H. & Field, J. G. & Penrith, M. J." box="[1086,1280,1740,1765]" page="56" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" year="1970">
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Day
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<emphasis id="55E559141177FF88FBFFF92AE0AC0E80" box="[1133,1177,1740,1764]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="531">et al</emphasis>
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. 1970: 56
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="E630A3171177FF88FA98F92BE4D60F67" author="Kensley, B." page="65" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" year="1974">
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<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71177FF88FA98F92BE4D60F67" author="Kensley, B." pageId="1" pageNumber="531" pagination="55 - 79" refId="ref8558" refString="Kensley, B. (1974) Type specimens of Decapoda (Crustacea) in the collections of the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 66 (4), 55 - 79." type="journal article" year="1974">Kensley 1974: 65</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="E630A3171177FF88FF7CF90CE5960F67" author="Kensley, B." box="[238,419,1771,1795]" page="32" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" year="1981">
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<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71177FF88FF7CF90CE5960F67" author="Kensley, B." box="[238,419,1771,1795]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref8597" refString="Kensley, B. (1981) On the zoogeography of southern African decapod Crustacea, with a distributional checklist of the species. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 338, i - iii + 1 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.338" type="journal article" year="1981">Kensley 1981: 32</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="E630A3171177FF88FE3CF90BE6580F67" author="Morgan, G. J." box="[430,621,1771,1796]" page="536" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" year="1987">
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<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71177FF88FE3CF90BE6580F67" author="Morgan, G. J." box="[430,621,1771,1796]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" pagination="536 - 540" refId="ref9280" refString="Morgan, G. J. (1987) Abbreviated development in Paguristes frontalis (Milne Edwards, 1836) (Anomura: Diogenidae) from southern Australia. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 7 (3), 536 - 540. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1548302" type="journal article" year="1987">Morgan 1987: 536</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="E630A3171177FF88FDE5F90BE7820F67" author="Forest, J. & McLaughlin, P. A." box="[631,951,1771,1795]" page="88" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" year="2000">
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<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71177FF88FDE5F90BE7820F67" author="Forest, J. & McLaughlin, P. A." box="[631,951,1771,1795]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" pagination="31 - 103" refId="ref8320" refString="Forest, J. & McLaughlin, P. A. (2000) Superfamily Coenobitoidea. In: Forest, J., de Saint Laurent, M., McLaughlin, P. A. & Lemaitre, R. (Eds.), The marine fauna of New Zealand: Paguridea (Decapoda: Anomura) exclusive of the Lithodidae. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 114, 31 - 103." type="journal article" year="2000">Forest & McLaughlin 2000: 88</bibRefCitation>
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.
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||
<emphasis id="55E559141177FF88FF05F8EDE5460F46" box="[151,371,1802,1826]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="531">Cancellus macrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="E630A3171177FF88FE0DF8EDE66F0F46" author="Gordan, J." box="[415,602,1802,1826]" page="305" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" year="1956">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71177FF88FE0DF8EDE66F0F46" author="Gordan, J." box="[415,602,1802,1826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" pagination="253 - 352" refId="ref8395" refString="Gordan, J. (1956) A bibliography of pagurid crabs, exclusive of Alcock, 1905. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 108, 253 - 352." type="journal article" year="1956">Gordan 1956: 305</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="E630A3171177FF88FDF7F8EDE6C10F46" author="Mayo, B. S." box="[613,756,1802,1826]" page="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" year="1973">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71177FF88FDF7F8EDE6C10F46" author="Mayo, B. S." box="[613,756,1802,1826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" pagination="1 - 63" refId="ref8894" refString="Mayo, B. S. (1973) A review of the genus Cancellus (Crustacea: Diogenidae) with the description of a new species from the Caribbean Sea. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 150, 1 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.150" type="journal article" year="1973">
|
||
<date id="132FA3C61177FF88FDF7F8EDE6E90F46" box="[613,732,1802,1826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" value="1973-05">Mayo 1973</date>
|
||
: 3
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 11 (key), tbl. 1, fig. 22c, d;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="E630A3171177FF88FB87F8EDE11B0F46" author="McLaughlin, P. A. & Komai, T. & Lemaitre, R. & Rahayu, D. L." box="[1045,1326,1802,1826]" page="19" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" year="2010">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71177FF88FB87F8EDE11B0F46" author="McLaughlin, P. A. & Komai, T. & Lemaitre, R. & Rahayu, D. L." box="[1045,1326,1802,1826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" pagination="5 - 107" refId="ref9113" refString="McLaughlin, P. A., Komai, T., Lemaitre, R. & Rahayu, D. L. (2010) Annotated checklist of anomuran decapod crustaceans of the world (exclusive of the Kiwaoidea and families Chirostylidae and Galatheidae of the Galatheoidea). Part 1. Lithodoidea, Lomisoidea and Paguroidea. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 23, 5 - 107." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
McLaughlin
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141177FF88FB0BF8ECE0F90F46" box="[1177,1228,1802,1826]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="531">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010: 19
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="E630A3171177FF88FAAAF8EDE5AF0F24" author="Wittmann, K. J. & Griffiths, C. L." page="15" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" year="2017">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71177FF88FAAAF8EDE5AF0F24" author="Wittmann, K. J. & Griffiths, C. L." pageId="1" pageNumber="531" pagination="15 - 47" refId="ref9854" refString="Wittmann, K. J. & Griffiths, C. L. (2017) Three new species of Heteromysis (Mysida, Mysidae, Heteromysini) from the Cape Peninsula, South Africa, with first documentation of a mysid-cephalopod association. ZooKeys, 685, 15 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 685.13890" type="journal article" year="2017">Wittmann & Griffiths 2017: 15</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="E630A3171177FF88FE37F8CFE6D80F25" author="Landschoff, J. & Gouws, G." box="[421,749,1832,1857]" page="783" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" year="2018">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71177FF88FE37F8CFE6D80F25" author="Landschoff, J. & Gouws, G." box="[421,749,1832,1857]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref8648" refString="Landschoff, J. & Gouws, G. (2018) DNA barcoding as a tool to facilitate the taxonomy of hermit crabs (Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 38 (6), 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jcbiol / ruy 084" type="journal article" year="2018">Landschoff & Gouws 2018: 783</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(tree);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="E630A3171177FF88FCA5F8CFE0760F25" author="Landschoff, J. & Du Plessis, A. & Griffiths, C. L." box="[823,1091,1832,1857]" page="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" year="2018">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71177FF88FCA5F8CFE0760F25" author="Landschoff, J. & Du Plessis, A. & Griffiths, C. L." box="[823,1091,1832,1857]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref8707" refString="Landschoff, J., Du Plessis, A. & Griffiths, C. L. (2018 a) A micro X-ray computed tomography dataset of South African hermit crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea) containing scans of two rare specimens and three recently described species. GigaScience, 7, 1 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / gigascience / giy 022" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Landschoff
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141177FF88FC22F8CEE7D10F24" box="[944,996,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="531">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018a: 2
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 1 E, F. [Misspelling]
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2F8BD68D1177FF8DFF05F888E7670A05" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="534" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061177FF88FF05F888E6040F91" blockId="1.[151,1437,1902,2037]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141177FF88FF05F888E6B50FEC" bold="true" box="[151,640,1902,1929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531">Type material (see Taxonomic remarks).</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1177FF88FD15F888E78F0FC9" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="Algoa Bay, SS" elevation="18" latitude="-33.85" location="Bird Island Passage" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.282999" municipality="Algoa Bay" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" specimenCode="A1541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA41177FF88FD15F888E6CF0FED" box="[647,762,1903,1929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, herein selected: male
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31177FF88FC69F889E0570FED" box="[1019,1122,1902,1929]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" unit="mm" value="16.5">16.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="624ED3DD1177FF88FBFCF888E1780FED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF3834101177FF85FF05F9A2E5960CC5:624ED3DD1177FF88FBFCF888E1780FED" box="[1134,1357,1903,1929]" latitude="-33.85" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.282999" municipality="Algoa Bay" name="Bird Island Passage" pageId="1" pageNumber="531">Bird Island Passage</location>
|
||
, Algoa Bay, SS
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141177FF88FF64F874E5B10FC8" box="[246,388,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="531">Pieter Faure</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31177FF88FE00F874E5F80FC9" box="[402,461,1939,1965]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" unit="m" value="18.0">
|
||
<elevation id="ECBC62351177FF88FE00F874E5F80FC9" box="[402,461,1939,1965]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11177FF88FE4AF875E6580FC9" box="[472,621,1938,1965]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" precision="1" seconds="00.0" value="-33.85">33°51'00.0"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11177FF88FDE1F875E73E0FC9" box="[627,779,1938,1965]" degrees="26" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" precision="1" seconds="58.8" value="26.282999">26°16'58.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="01801DC31177FF88FC84F874E7500FC9" box="[790,869,1939,1965]" collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="37372D7D1177FF88FCF9F875E78F0FC9" box="[875,954,1938,1965]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" type="Museum">A1541</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA41177FF88FC57F874E01E0FC9" box="[965,1067,1939,1965]" pageId="1" pageNumber="531" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
: female, body missing except for right antennule, left cheliped, left pereopods 3–5, and right maxillipeds 1–3, same station data as lectotype, NHM 1928.12.286 (Stebbing Collection).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="33EED58E1174FF8BFF05F8ABE4E50F90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268864" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13268864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268864/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="532" startId="2.[151,250,1868,1892]" targetBox="[159,1428,189,1836]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061174FF8BFF05F8ABE4E50F90" blockId="2.[151,1436,1868,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="532">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141174FF8BFF05F8ABE53B0F00" bold="true" box="[151,270,1868,1892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="532">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE851174FF8BFE89F8ABE6A90F00" authority="Stebbing, 1924" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[283,668,1868,1892]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="532" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141174FF8BFE89F8ABE5CD0F00" box="[283,504,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="532">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71174FF8BFE6DF8ABE6A90F00" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[511,668,1868,1892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="532" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, shield, cephalic appendages and posterior carapace, dorsal view; B, right side of cephalic shield, lateral lobe, unnamed plate, branchiostegite, and part of antennal peduncle, lateral view; C, ocular peduncles with basal ‘pores’, ventral view; D, mandible, internal view; E, ischium of third maxilliped with crista dentata, internal view. Abbreviations: LL, lateral lobe; PM, posteromedian plate; UP, unnamed plate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="33EED58E1175FF8AFF05FD6AE5220AAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268868" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13268868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268868/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" startId="3.[151,250,653,677]" targetBox="[159,1427,189,620]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061175FF8AFF05FD6AE5220AAD" blockId="3.[151,1437,653,713]" pageId="3" pageNumber="533">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141175FF8AFF05FD6AE53B0AC1" bold="true" box="[151,270,653,677]" pageId="3" pageNumber="533">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE851175FF8AFE8EFD6AE6A80AC1" authority="Stebbing, 1924" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[284,669,653,677]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141175FF8AFE8EFD6AE5CC0AC1" box="[284,505,653,677]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="533">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71175FF8AFD92FD6AE6A80AC1" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[512,669,653,677]" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096, right chela: A, lateral view; B, mesial view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="33EED58E1175FF8AFF05F906E10C0F79" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268870" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13268870" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268870/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" startId="3.[151,250,1761,1785]" targetBox="[160,1428,783,1729]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061175FF8AFF05F906E10C0F79" blockId="3.[151,1437,1761,1821]" pageId="3" pageNumber="533">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141175FF8AFF05F906E53B0E9D" bold="true" box="[151,270,1761,1785]" pageId="3" pageNumber="533">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE851175FF8AFE89F906E6AE0E9D" authority="Stebbing, 1924" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[283,667,1761,1785]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141175FF8AFE89F906E5CD0E9D" box="[283,504,1761,1785]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="533">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71175FF8AFE6DF906E6AE0E9D" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[511,667,1761,1785]" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, pereopod 2, lateral view; B, same, dorsomesial view; C, dactyl of same, mesial view; D, pereopod 3, lateral view; E, dactyl of same, mesial view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061175FF8DFF55F888E01308B1" blockId="3.[151,1436,1903,2038]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="534" pageId="3" pageNumber="533">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141175FF8AFF55F888E6C30FED" bold="true" box="[199,758,1903,1929]" pageId="3" pageNumber="533">Other material examined. Historical material.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1175FF8AFD6DF897E5B10FB6" collectingDate="1901-08-15" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="East London, SS & Stn. No." latitude="-33.016" location="Beacon East of East London" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.985" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" specimenCode="A1542" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F1175FF8AFD6DF897E7560FED" box="[767,867,1903,1930]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31175FF8AFCFFF897E7F20FEE" box="[877,967,1904,1930]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="8.1">8.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="624ED3DD1175FF8AFC47F897E1140FED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF3834101177FF85FF05F9A2E5960CC5:624ED3DD1175FF8AFC47F897E1140FED" box="[981,1313,1903,1930]" latitude="-33.016" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.985" name="Beacon East of East London" pageId="3" pageNumber="533">Beacon East of East London</location>
|
||
, SS
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141175FF8AFACAF897E4EF0FC9" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="533">Pieter Faure</emphasis>
|
||
, dredge, no depth, Stn. No. 13533, “NW 0.5 W 2 min” (adapted to:
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11175FF8AFC66F874E0BE0FCA" box="[1012,1163,1939,1966]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" precision="1" seconds="57.6" value="-33.016">33°00'57.6"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11175FF8AFB0BF874E1070FCA" box="[1177,1330,1939,1966]" degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" precision="1" seconds="06.0" value="27.985">27°59'06.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="132FA3C61175FF8AFADAF874E4E40FB6" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" value="1901-08-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="036B5A2E1175FF8AFADAF874E4E40FB6" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" value="1901-08-15">15 Aug 1901</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="01801DC31175FF8AFF4CF85FE5180FB6" box="[222,301,1976,2002]" collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="37372D7D1175FF8AFEA6F850E5B10FB6" box="[308,388,1975,2002]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" type="Museum">A1542</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1175FF8DFE02F85FE4D308D5" collectingDate="1901-08-15" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="Stn. No." elevation="31" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="534" latitude="-33.015556" location="Cape Morgan" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="27.985" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-juvenile="8" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
1 “brooding” female
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31175FF8AFD13F850E6ED0FB6" box="[641,728,1975,2002]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(with
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F1175FF8AFCB1F85FE7AB0FB5" box="[803,926,1975,2002]" count="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" type="juvenile">8 juveniles</specimenCount>
|
||
in housing),
|
||
<location id="624ED3DD1175FF8AFBA7F85FE0E70FB6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF3834101177FF85FF05F9A2E5960CC5:624ED3DD1175FF8AFBA7F85FE0E70FB6" box="[1077,1234,1976,2002]" latitude="-33.015556" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="27.985" name="Cape Morgan" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" stateProvince="Western Cape">Cape Morgan</location>
|
||
, SS
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141175FF8AFA97F85FE1A00FB5" box="[1285,1429,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="533">Pieter Faure</emphasis>
|
||
, dredge,
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31175FF8AFF67F83BE5060F92" box="[245,307,2012,2038]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" unit="m" value="31.0">
|
||
<elevation id="ECBC62351175FF8AFF67F83BE5060F92" box="[245,307,2012,2038]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" unit="m" value="31.0">31 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="CA64E0D01175FF8AFED0F83BE5970F92" box="[322,418,2012,2038]" pageId="3" pageNumber="533">Stn. No.</collectorName>
|
||
13495, “W 0.5 S, 4 min” (adapted to:
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11175FF8AFCFCF83CE7C00F92" box="[878,1013,2011,2038]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-33.015556">33°00’56”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11175FF8AFB96F83CE0B80F92" box="[1028,1165,2011,2038]" degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" precision="15" seconds="06" value="27.985">27°59‘06”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="132FA3C61175FF8AFB36F83CE10B0F92" box="[1188,1342,2011,2038]" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" value="1901-08-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="036B5A2E1175FF8AFB36F83CE10B0F92" box="[1188,1342,2011,2038]" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" value="1901-08-15">15 Aug 1901</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="01801DC31175FF8AFADFF83BE1A90F92" box="[1357,1436,2012,2038]" collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="3" pageNumber="533" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
A3265
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1172FF8DFF60FF70E01608B1" collectingDate="1961-10-25" collectionCode="SAMC" collectorName="Sta. No." elevation="29" latitude="-34.1" location="False Bay" longLatPrecision="1201" longitude="18.7" municipality="Ecological Survey" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" specimenCode="SAMC-A19626" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F1172FF8DFF60FF70E50908D5" box="[242,316,151,177]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFED1FF71E5AF08D5" box="[323,410,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="624ED3DD1172FF8DFE37FF70E62008D5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF3834101177FF85FF05F9A2E5960CC5:624ED3DD1172FF8DFE37FF70E62008D5" box="[421,533,151,177]" latitude="-34.1" longLatPrecision="1201" longitude="18.7" municipality="Ecological Survey" name="False Bay" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">False Bay</location>
|
||
, UCT Ecological Survey, dredge,
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFC02FF70E7FF08D5" box="[912,970,151,177]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="29.0">
|
||
<elevation id="ECBC62351172FF8DFC02FF70E7FF08D5" box="[912,970,151,177]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="29.0">29 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, Sta. No. FAL 4689,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFB26FF70E13B08D5" box="[1204,1294,151,177]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="925" value="-34.1">34°06'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFA8BFF70E14008D5" box="[1305,1397,151,177]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="925" value="18.7">18°42'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="132FA3C61172FF8DFA12FF71E53408B1" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="1961-10-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="036B5A2E1172FF8DFA12FF71E53408B1" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="1961-10-25">25 Oct 1961</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="37372D7D1172FF8DFE9FFF5CE5F108B1" box="[269,452,187,213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">SAMC–A19626</specimenCode>
|
||
(in poor condition; dried, rehydrated back in alcohol)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061172FF8DFF55FF38E7670A05" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141172FF8DFF55FF38E545089C" bold="true" box="[199,368,222,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">New material.</emphasis>
|
||
All from False Bay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1F86C5961172FF8DFDCDFF38E6C5089D" box="[607,752,223,249]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1172FF8DFD6FFF38E09C0979" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="J. Landschoff" location="Roman Rocks" municipality="Simons Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="CA64E0D01172FF8DFCA7FF38E7E6089D" box="[821,979,223,249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">J. Landschoff</collectorName>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F1172FF8DFC4CFF38E01C089D" box="[990,1065,223,249]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
9.0 mm (intersex, with unpaired left female gonopore), in buccinid gastropod shell,
|
||
<location id="624ED3DD1172FF8DFD70FEE4E7B70979" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF3834101177FF85FF05F9A2E5960CC5:624ED3DD1172FF8DFD70FEE4E7B70979" box="[738,898,259,285]" municipality="Simons Town" name="Roman Rocks" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Roman Rocks</location>
|
||
(Simons Town),
|
||
<collectionCode id="01801DC31172FF8DFBDBFEE4E09C0979" box="[1097,1193,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1172FF8DFB24FEE4E6820925" collectingDate="2015-05-13" collectionCode="SAMC" elevation="20" latitude="-34.178" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.458" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" specimenCode="A066204" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFB24FEE4E0C60979" box="[1206,1267,259,285]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="20.0">
|
||
<elevation id="ECBC62351172FF8DFB24FEE4E0C60979" box="[1206,1267,259,285]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFA93FEE4E1AD0979" box="[1281,1432,259,285]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="40.8" value="-34.178">34°10'40.8"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFF05FEC0E51A0925" box="[151,303,295,321]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="28.8" value="18.458">18°27'28.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="132FA3C61172FF8DFED2FEC0E5D70925" box="[320,482,294,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2015-05-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="036B5A2E1172FF8DFED2FEC0E5D70925" box="[320,482,294,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2015-05-13">13 May 2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="01801DC31172FF8DFE60FEC0E6740925" box="[498,577,295,321]" collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="37372D7D1172FF8DFDDEFEC0E6820925" box="[588,695,295,321]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="Museum">A066204</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1172FF8DFD55FEC0E6A90901" collectingDate="2015-06-09" collectionCode="SAMC" latitude="-34.106" location="Muizenberg Beach" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.478" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" specimenCode="A066216" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F1172FF8DFD55FEC0E7220925" box="[711,791,295,321]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFCB6FEC0E7BA0925" box="[804,911,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="mm" value="12.2">12.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="624ED3DD1172FF8DFC0DFEC0E04D0925" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF3834101177FF85FF05F9A2E5960CC5:624ED3DD1172FF8DFC0DFEC0E04D0925" box="[927,1144,295,321]" latitude="-34.106" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.478" name="Muizenberg Beach" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Muizenberg Beach</location>
|
||
(wash-up),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFA9AFEC0E1A90925" box="[1288,1436,295,321]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="21.6" value="-34.106">34°06'21.6"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFF05FEACE51A0901" box="[151,303,331,357]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="40.8" value="18.478">18°28'40.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="132FA3C61172FF8DFEAFFEACE5F90901" box="[317,460,330,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2015-06-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="036B5A2E1172FF8DFEAFFEACE5F90901" box="[317,460,330,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2015-06-09">9 June 2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="01801DC31172FF8DFE4BFEACE61D0901" box="[473,552,331,357]" collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="37372D7D1172FF8DFDA2FEACE6A90901" box="[560,668,331,357]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="Museum">A066216</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1172FF8DFD3BFEACE66509ED" collectionCode="SCUBA" location="Simons Town" municipality="Long Beach" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" specimenCount="46" specimenCount-egg="46">
|
||
1 ovig. female
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFCCAFEACE78B0901" box="[856,958,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="mm" value="10.4">10.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(with
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F1172FF8DFB99FEACE0530901" box="[1035,1126,331,357]" count="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="egg">46 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
, ~
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFB10FEACE0EE0901" box="[1154,1243,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
mean diameter),
|
||
<location id="624ED3DD1172FF8DFF05FE88E50009ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF3834101177FF85FF05F9A2E5960CC5:624ED3DD1172FF8DFF05FE88E50009ED" box="[151,309,367,393]" municipality="Long Beach" name="Simons Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Simons Town</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="874A1F7C1172FF8DFED5FE88E5EC09ED" box="[327,473,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Long Beach</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
), SCUBA
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1172FF8DFDCDFE89E10B09ED" box="[607,1342,366,393]" collectingDate="2016-09-06" collectionCode="USNM" elevation="5" latitude="-34.186" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.427" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" specimenCode="USNM 1292095" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFDCDFE89E6A509ED" box="[607,656,366,393]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="5.0">
|
||
<elevation id="ECBC62351172FF8DFDCDFE89E6A509ED" box="[607,656,366,393]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFD32FE88E70609ED" box="[672,819,367,393]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="09.6" value="-34.186">34°11'09.6"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFCACFE89E7E309ED" box="[830,982,366,393]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="37.2" value="18.427">18°25'37.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="132FA3C61172FF8DFC77FE88E05B09ED" box="[997,1134,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2016-09-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="036B5A2E1172FF8DFC77FE88E05B09ED" box="[997,1134,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2016-09-06">6 Sep 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="37372D7D1172FF8DFBEFFE88E10B09ED" box="[1149,1342,366,393]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="Museum">USNM 1292095</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1172FF8DFADFFE88E76909B5" collectingDate="2016-03-22" elevation="8" latitude="-34.231" location="Millers Point" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.478" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F1172FF8DFADFFE88E1A909ED" box="[1357,1436,367,393]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
(intersex, with paired female gonopores)
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFDECFE75E6EE09C9" box="[638,731,402,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="624ED3DD1172FF8DFD79FE74E7B309C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF3834101177FF85FF05F9A2E5960CC5:624ED3DD1172FF8DFD79FE74E7B309C9" box="[747,902,403,429]" latitude="-34.231" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.478" name="Millers Point" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Millers Point</location>
|
||
, freediving,
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFB8EFE74E07B09C9" box="[1052,1102,403,429]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="8.0">
|
||
<elevation id="ECBC62351172FF8DFB8EFE74E07B09C9" box="[1052,1102,403,429]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFBCDFE75E0C109C9" box="[1119,1268,402,429]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="51.6" value="-34.231">34°13'51.6"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFB6DFE74E1A209C9" box="[1279,1431,403,429]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="40.8" value="18.478">18°28'40.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="132FA3C61172FF8DFF05FE50E50509B5" box="[151,304,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2016-03-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="036B5A2E1172FF8DFF05FE50E50509B5" box="[151,304,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2016-03-22">22 Mar 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE851172FF8DFECCFE50E6D909B5" authority=", USNM" authorityName="USNM" box="[350,748,439,465]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cymatiidae" genus="Argobuccinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pustulosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141172FF8DFECCFE50E6BE09B5" box="[350,651,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Argobuccinum pustulosum</emphasis>
|
||
, USNM
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
1292096
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1172FF8DFCFBFE50E5A90991" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" specimenCode="USNM 1292096" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F1172FF8DFCFBFE50E78209B5" box="[873,951,439,465]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFC53FE50E03209B5" box="[961,1031,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, molt of same specimen as
|
||
<specimenCode id="37372D7D1172FF8DFAD9FE50E4CC0991" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="Museum">USNM 1292096</specimenCode>
|
||
(kept in tank)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1172FF8DFE3AFE3CE65C0991" box="[424,617,475,501]" collectionCode="SAMC" isTailEnumeration="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" specimenCode="A066602" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="01801DC31172FF8DFE3AFE3CE5C20991" box="[424,503,475,501]" collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="37372D7D1172FF8DFE6FFE3CE65C0991" box="[509,617,475,501]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="Museum">A066602</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1172FF8DFDE7FE3CE0810991" box="[629,1204,475,501]" collectionCode="SCUBA" location="Millers Point" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F1172FF8DFDE7FE3CE6F40991" box="[629,705,475,501]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
(molt)
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFC84FE3CE7480991" box="[790,893,475,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="mm" value="14.3">14.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, off
|
||
<location id="624ED3DD1172FF8DFC23FE3CE07D0991" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF3834101177FF85FF05F9A2E5960CC5:624ED3DD1172FF8DFC23FE3CE07D0991" box="[945,1096,475,501]" name="Millers Point" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Millers Point</location>
|
||
, SCUBA
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1172FF8DFB52FE3DE6A30A7D" collectingDate="2017-09-29" collectionCode="SAMC" elevation="25" latitude="-34.228" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.487" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" specimenCode="A066603" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFB52FE3DE0CE0991" box="[1216,1275,474,501]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="25.0">
|
||
<elevation id="ECBC62351172FF8DFB52FE3DE0CE0991" box="[1216,1275,474,501]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFA9AFE3CE1A90991" box="[1288,1436,475,501]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="40.8" value="-34.228">34°13'40.8"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFF05FE18E51A0A7D" box="[151,303,511,537]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="13.2" value="18.487">18°29'13.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="132FA3C61172FF8DFEA9FE18E5FF0A7D" box="[315,458,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2017-09-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="036B5A2E1172FF8DFEA9FE18E5FF0A7D" box="[315,458,511,537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2017-09-29">29 Sep 2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="01801DC31172FF8DFE47FE18E6110A7D" box="[469,548,511,537]" collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="37372D7D1172FF8DFDB8FE18E6A30A7D" box="[554,662,511,537]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="Museum">A066603</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1172FF8DFD32FE18E6A00A59" collectingDate="2023-03-21" collectionCode="SAMC" elevation="5" latitude="-34.21136" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.463667" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" specimenCode="A096852" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F1172FF8DFD32FE18E7340A7D" box="[672,769,511,537]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFC9BFE18E75A0A7D" box="[777,879,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="mm" value="10.8">10.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, south of A-Frame, freediving,
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFB5DFE19E0C90A7D" box="[1231,1276,510,537]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="5.0">
|
||
<elevation id="ECBC62351172FF8DFB5DFE19E0C90A7D" box="[1231,1276,510,537]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFA9AFE18E1A80A7D" box="[1288,1437,511,537]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="40.9" value="-34.21136">34°12'40.9"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFF05FDC4E51A0A59" box="[151,303,547,573]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="49.2" value="18.463667">18°27'49.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="132FA3C61172FF8DFEA8FDC4E5F90A59" box="[314,460,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2023-03-21">
|
||
<collectingDate id="036B5A2E1172FF8DFEA8FDC4E5F90A59" box="[314,460,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2023-03-21">21 Mar 2023</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="01801DC31172FF8DFE44FDC4E6100A59" box="[470,549,547,573]" collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="37372D7D1172FF8DFDB8FDC5E6A00A59" box="[554,661,546,573]" collectionCode="SAMC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="Museum">A096852</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D7F98F5B1172FF8DFD32FDC4E6F10A05" collectingDate="2023-03-22" collectionCode="SAMC" elevation="8" latitude="-34.233665" location="Millers Point" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.477028" municipality="Castle Rock" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F1172FF8DFD32FDC4E6DF0A59" box="[672,746,547,573]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFD62FDC4E7630A59" box="[752,854,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.21" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="mm" value="12.1">12.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="624ED3DD1172FF8DFCF2FDC4E7C70A59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF3834101177FF85FF05F9A2E5960CC5:624ED3DD1172FF8DFCF2FDC4E7C70A59" box="[864,1010,547,573]" latitude="-34.233665" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.477028" municipality="Castle Rock" name="Millers Point" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Millers Point</location>
|
||
towards
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="874A1F7C1172FF8DFBC5FDC4E0D40A59" box="[1111,1249,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Castle Rock</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, freediving,
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31172FF8DFAF9FDC4E1A20A59" box="[1387,1431,547,573]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="8.0">
|
||
<elevation id="ECBC62351172FF8DFAF9FDC4E1A20A59" box="[1387,1431,547,573]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFF05FDA0E5190A05" box="[151,300,583,609]" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="01.2" value="-34.233665">34°14'01.2"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="02A5E3C11172FF8DFEA0FDA0E5FF0A05" box="[306,458,583,609]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" precision="1" seconds="37.3" value="18.477028">18°28'37.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="132FA3C61172FF8DFE44FDA0E65F0A05" box="[470,618,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2023-03-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="036B5A2E1172FF8DFE44FDA0E65F0A05" box="[470,618,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" value="2023-03-22">22 Mar 2023</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="01801DC31172FF8DFDE7FDA0E6F10A05" box="[629,708,583,609]" collectionName="South Africa, Cape Town, Iziko Museum of Capetown (formerly South African Museum)" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="Museum">SAMC</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
A A096853.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2F8BD68D1172FF80FF55FD8DE5E20AE1" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="539" pageId="4" pageNumber="534" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061172FF8DFF55FD8DE6DD0C51" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141172FF8DFF55FD8DE5580AE0" bold="true" box="[199,365,618,644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||
. Cephalothoracic shield (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831172FF8DFD1EFD8CE6D70AE1" box="[652,738,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,189,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, shield, cephalic appendages and posterior carapace, dorsal view; B, right side of cephalic shield, lateral lobe, unnamed plate, branchiostegite, and part of antennal peduncle, lateral view; C, ocular peduncles with basal ‘pores’, ventral view; D, mandible, internal view; E, ischium of third maxilliped with crista dentata, internal view. Abbreviations: LL, lateral lobe; PM, posteromedian plate; UP, unnamed plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268864/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
) width subequal to shield length. Rostrum obtusely triangular, terminating in small spine, distinctly overreaching lateral projections. Frontal rim consisting of flattened w-shaped ridge, weakly interrupted by fissure at each inferior angle of W-shaped ridge. Anterior margin between rostrum and lateral projections concave; lateral projections broadly rounded, armed with row of small spines and short setae; anterolateral margins sloping; lateral margins broadly rounded, moderately setose; posterior margin rounded, together with cervical grooves forming broad triangle. Dorsal surface slightly convex, uneven; with scattered tufts of setae, low rugae, and numerous small tubercles or blunt spines on each side near lateral margins; anteromedian surface with broad m-shaped flat depression directly behind rostrum and lateral projections; linea-d weakly marked. Branchiostegites (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831172FF8DFEF3FC6CE5830BC1" box="[353,438,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,189,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, shield, cephalic appendages and posterior carapace, dorsal view; B, right side of cephalic shield, lateral lobe, unnamed plate, branchiostegite, and part of antennal peduncle, lateral view; C, ocular peduncles with basal ‘pores’, ventral view; D, mandible, internal view; E, ischium of third maxilliped with crista dentata, internal view. Abbreviations: LL, lateral lobe; PM, posteromedian plate; UP, unnamed plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268864/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
) each with anterior margin rounded, setose; membranous except for well calcified dorsal portion. Presence of unnamed plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831172FF8DFDA8FC48E6810BAD" box="[570,692,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,189,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, shield, cephalic appendages and posterior carapace, dorsal view; B, right side of cephalic shield, lateral lobe, unnamed plate, branchiostegite, and part of antennal peduncle, lateral view; C, ocular peduncles with basal ‘pores’, ventral view; D, mandible, internal view; E, ischium of third maxilliped with crista dentata, internal view. Abbreviations: LL, lateral lobe; PM, posteromedian plate; UP, unnamed plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268864/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Fig. 1A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
) between calcified dorsal portion of branchiostegite and adjacent carapace lateral lobe. Carapace lateral lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831172FF8DFD06FC34E7380B89" box="[660,781,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,189,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, shield, cephalic appendages and posterior carapace, dorsal view; B, right side of cephalic shield, lateral lobe, unnamed plate, branchiostegite, and part of antennal peduncle, lateral view; C, ocular peduncles with basal ‘pores’, ventral view; D, mandible, internal view; E, ischium of third maxilliped with crista dentata, internal view. Abbreviations: LL, lateral lobe; PM, posteromedian plate; UP, unnamed plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268864/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Fig. 1A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
) distinct, well calcified. Posterior carapace (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831172FF8DFA91FC34E16C0B89" box="[1283,1369,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,189,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, shield, cephalic appendages and posterior carapace, dorsal view; B, right side of cephalic shield, lateral lobe, unnamed plate, branchiostegite, and part of antennal peduncle, lateral view; C, ocular peduncles with basal ‘pores’, ventral view; D, mandible, internal view; E, ischium of third maxilliped with crista dentata, internal view. Abbreviations: LL, lateral lobe; PM, posteromedian plate; UP, unnamed plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268864/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
) with posteromedian plate calcified, sparsely setose; posterolateral plates dorsally calcified near posteromedian plate, with remaining portion membranous, densely setose.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061172FF8DFF55FBD8E6E30C8D" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Ocular peduncle (including cornea) approximately 0.68–0.84 length of cephalothoracic shield, slender, slightly curved outward, slightly broadened proximally; with moderately long setae dorsally; basal surface of ventromesial face with distinct pore (function unknown). Cornea subspherical, not dilated (subequal in diameter to width of adjacent peduncle). Ocular acicles subtriangular, mesial margins adjacent, dorsally with few setae; each terminating in strong multifid projection with 2–5 distal spines.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061172FF8DFF55FB14E6650D31" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Antennular peduncle reaching to proximal margin of cornea when fully extended; ultimate and penultimate segments glabrous, ultimate twice as long as penultimate; basal segment with ventrodistal angle blunt, and laterodistal lobe armed distally with minute spines.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061172FF8DFF55FAB8E5CA0EFD" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Antennal peduncle with fifth segment extending slightly beyond mid-length of ocular peduncle. Fifth segment approximately twice as long as fourth segment, unarmed except for dorsodistal setae. Fourth segment with bifid dorsodistal spine. Third segment with strong ventrodistal spine. Second segment with bristle-like setae, dorsolateral distal angle produced into strong spine-like process, dorsomesial angle with strong spine. First (basal) segment lateral face with small blunt distal spine; ventromesial angle rounded, with bristle-like setae. Acicle variably extending to approximately mid-length of ocular peduncle to slightly beyond ocular peduncle, terminating in strong bifid spine, usually with 1 dorsomesial spine proximally (at least on one side). Flagellum approximately as long as cephalothoracic shield, reaching to approximately distal margin of cheliped palm; articles bearing short setae less than 1 flagellar article in length.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061172FF8DFF55F944E58D0F61" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">
|
||
Maxilliped 3 endopod (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831172FF8DFE5BF944E62B0ED9" box="[457,542,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,189,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, shield, cephalic appendages and posterior carapace, dorsal view; B, right side of cephalic shield, lateral lobe, unnamed plate, branchiostegite, and part of antennal peduncle, lateral view; C, ocular peduncles with basal ‘pores’, ventral view; D, mandible, internal view; E, ischium of third maxilliped with crista dentata, internal view. Abbreviations: LL, lateral lobe; PM, posteromedian plate; UP, unnamed plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268864/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
) ischium with well-developed, coarsely toothed crista dentata, appearing serrate, lacking accessory tooth; basis armed with weak blunt spine on mesial angle proximally. Mandible with robust calcareous molar process.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061172FF8CFF55F8E8E56A0A7D" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="535" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">
|
||
Chelipeds (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831172FF8DFED4F8E8E5A00F4D" box="[326,405,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,653,677]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,189,620]" captionTargetId="figure-26@3.[151,1436,181,629]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096, right chela: A, lateral view; B, mesial view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268868/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831172FF8DFE32F8E9E5D40F4D" box="[416,481,1806,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-26@7.[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, colour in life: A, dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; B, dorsal view female 10.8 mm, SAMC-A096852; C shield and cephalic appendages, same as A; D, left lateral view, ovig. female 10.4 mm, USNM 1292095; E, right cheliped, lateral view; F, same as E, mesial view, male 12.1 mm SAMC-A096853; G, uropods and telson, dorsal view, USNM 1292096; H, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view, same as G." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268876/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">5A–F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831172FF8DFE7EF8E8E5CE0F4D" box="[492,507,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[226,1361,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924: A, mesial and B, lateral view of right cheliped (in alcohol), male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; C dorsal view of male paratype (pleon missing), 16.5 mm, SAMC 1541; D, shield, dorsal view of the same as C; E, three-dimensional reconstruction of microCT scan, male 9.0 mm, SAMC A066204; F, specimen in life extended from shell (in tank), male 14.3 mm, SAMC A066603; G, specimen in natural habitat, Millers Point, False Bay, Cape Town; H, specimen in tank eating Cape Urchin (identity unclear), ~9.5 mm, USNM 1292096. Photographs F, G, by Craig Foster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268878/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="534">6</figureCitation>
|
||
) symmetrical, similar in strength, armature and setation. Carpi and chelae, together with merus and dactyl of second pereopod forming operculum sealing housing when retracted; chelae positioned more or less at right angle with carpi when retracted; opercular faces of chelipeds and second pereopods forming rounded surface, with face of each second pereopod slightly flaring laterally. Fingers stout, each terminating in distinct, darkly pigmented corneous spoon-like claw; cutting edges each with 2 large, subequal blunt calcareous teeth. Dactyl gaping widely from fixed finger, dorsal (opposable) margin with row of subacute tubercles terminating in corneous tips; outer (opercular face) face with blunt tubercles, and tufts of long bristle-like setae; mesial face with 2 longitudinal rows of corneous-tipped tubercles, and scattered tufts of short setae. Fixed finger with lateral and mesial faces unarmed except for few tufts of bristle-like setae. Palm with dorsal (opposable) margin armed with strong subconiform calcareous simple or bifid spines terminating in darkly pigmented corneous tip; outer (opercular) face with scattered small tubercles and tufts of short bristle-like setae more numerous on upper half; mesial face mostly smooth, with scattered tufts of short setae; ventral margin with few low tubercles. Carpus short; dorsal (opposable) margin crest-like, with distal angle produced into lobe armed with small spines; outer (opercular) face unarmed except for scattered setae and small spines on distal margin, with distinct longitudinal groove on upper half. Merus subtriangular in cross-section, unarmed except for setose dorsal margin and minutely spinulose distolateral margin; lateral and mesial surfaces mostly smooth; lateral face with subdistal transverse groove extending nearly to ventral margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061173FF8CFF55FDC4E1A50B89" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Pereopod 2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831173FF8CFECBFDC4E5E10A59" box="[345,468,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[160,1428,783,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-51@3.[151,1436,774,1738]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, pereopod 2, lateral view; B, same, dorsomesial view; C, dactyl of same, mesial view; D, pereopod 3, lateral view; E, dactyl of same, mesial view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268870" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268870/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Fig. 3A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with opercular face formed by mesial faces of dactyl, merus, dorsal face of carpus, and dorsodistal portion of merus; opercular face densely covered with bristle-like setae. Dactyl approximately as long as merus, terminating in sharp corneous claw curving ventromesially; dorsal margin uneven, with low setose rugae; lateral face smooth, naked; mesial (opercular) face with few tufts of setae; lateral face more or less smooth, with distal tuft of setae; ventromesial margin armed with 4 small corneous spines on distal half. Propodus with dorsal margin consisting of distinct, multidenticulate setose tubercles; lateral and mesial faces mostly smooth, with scattered setae; ventral margin unarmed, at most with few setae. Carpus thick, heavy, length about 1.5 times height; operculate (dorsal) face more or less flat, delimited by 2 distally diverging rows, one lateral and one mesial, of multispinose setose tubercles, distal tubercle of mesial row with distinct terminal spine; lateral and mesial faces mostly smooth, with scattered setae and tufts of setae; ventral margin unarmed. Merus dorsal margin with short setae on proximal two-thirds; opercular (dorsal) surface more or less flat, delimited my mesial and lateral ridges of multidenticulate setose tubercles; lateral and mesial faces mostly smooth, with scattered setae or bristle-like tufts of setae; ventral margin with row of minute spines. Ischium unarmed except for setae on dorsal and ventral margins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061173FF8CFF5CFC10E16B0C75" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[206,1374,1015,1041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Pereopod 3 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831173FF8CFECEFC10E5E60C75" box="[348,467,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[160,1428,783,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-51@3.[151,1436,774,1738]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, pereopod 2, lateral view; B, same, dorsomesial view; C, dactyl of same, mesial view; D, pereopod 3, lateral view; E, dactyl of same, mesial view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268870" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268870/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Fig. 3D–E</figureCitation>
|
||
) similar to pereopod 2 except for weakly marked opercular surface on segments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061173FF8CFF55FBFCE6710CC5" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Pereopod 4 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831173FF8CFEC9FBFCE5810C51" box="[347,436,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[223,1365,189,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[214,1373,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, sternite XI and coxae of pereopod 3, ventral view; B, sternite XIII and coxae of pereopod 5, ventral view; C, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 4, lateral view; D, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 5, lateral view; E, sixth pleonal somite, dorsal view; F, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268872/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
) semichelate, segments robust. Dactylus subcylindrical, opposed to dorsodistal margin of propodal rasp, with ventrolateral row of 4 small blunt corneous spines, terminating in subacute corneous tip. Propodus with well-developed rasp oval in shape and covering entire distal half of segment; rasp consisting of densely packed ovate corneous scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061173FF8CFF55FB4CE1430D55" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Pereopod 5 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831173FF8CFEC5FB4CE5850CA1" box="[343,432,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[223,1365,189,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[214,1373,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, sternite XI and coxae of pereopod 3, ventral view; B, sternite XIII and coxae of pereopod 5, ventral view; C, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 4, lateral view; D, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 5, lateral view; E, sixth pleonal somite, dorsal view; F, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268872/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
) chelate; fingers with opposable surfaces spoon-like, cutting edges consisting of minute, fused corneous spinules. Dactyl slightly shorter than propodus; dorsal margin setose, with 1–3 dorsolateral rows of small ovate scales proximally. Propodus with well-developed rasp on dorsal face extending posteriorly to near margin with carpus; with mesial fringe of long setae. Coxae with ventral face convex, smooth, appearing semiglobular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061173FF8CFF55FADCE4CE0D1D" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Thoracic sternum with anterior lobe of sternite XI (of third pereopods;
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831173FF8CFB9CFADCE05D0D31" box="[1038,1128,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[223,1365,189,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[214,1373,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, sternite XI and coxae of pereopod 3, ventral view; B, sternite XIII and coxae of pereopod 5, ventral view; C, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 4, lateral view; D, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 5, lateral view; E, sixth pleonal somite, dorsal view; F, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268872/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
) weakly elevated, broadly rounded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061173FF8CFF55FA64E6800EFD" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Pleon robustly subcylindrical, distinctly to weakly coiled; soft integument overall covered dorsally by fine dense pubescence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831173FF8CFEEBFA40E6400DA5" box="[377,629,1446,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-26@7.[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, colour in life: A, dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; B, dorsal view female 10.8 mm, SAMC-A096852; C shield and cephalic appendages, same as A; D, left lateral view, ovig. female 10.4 mm, USNM 1292095; E, right cheliped, lateral view; F, same as E, mesial view, male 12.1 mm SAMC-A096853; G, uropods and telson, dorsal view, USNM 1292096; H, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view, same as G." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268876/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Figs. 5A–B, D, G–H</figureCitation>
|
||
), surface of left side with longitudinal fold extending full length of soft integument just below level of pleopods; dorsally with 4 distinct, separated, translucent, lightly sclerotized transverse tergites. Sixth pleonal tergite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831173FF8CFDFDFA08E6DA0E6D" box="[623,751,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[223,1365,189,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[214,1373,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, sternite XI and coxae of pereopod 3, ventral view; B, sternite XIII and coxae of pereopod 5, ventral view; C, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 4, lateral view; D, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 5, lateral view; E, sixth pleonal somite, dorsal view; F, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268872/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Figs. 4E–F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831173FF8CFD6EFA09E7770E6D" box="[764,834,1518,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-26@7.[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, colour in life: A, dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; B, dorsal view female 10.8 mm, SAMC-A096852; C shield and cephalic appendages, same as A; D, left lateral view, ovig. female 10.4 mm, USNM 1292095; E, right cheliped, lateral view; F, same as E, mesial view, male 12.1 mm SAMC-A096853; G, uropods and telson, dorsal view, USNM 1292096; H, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view, same as G." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268876/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">5G–H</figureCitation>
|
||
) strongly calcified, subdivided by transverse furrow into subsemicircular anterior portion and subrectangular posterior portion, dorsal face with numerous tufts of setae set on minute tubercles; anterior portion with broadly rounded distal margin armed with few subdistal spines or tubercles; posterior portion divided medially by shallow furrow, distal margin subdivided into 4 multispinose lobes (2 laterally, 2 median) armed with strong spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061173FF8CFF55F944E54F0F29" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Uropods (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831173FF8CFEAEF944E5AA0ED9" box="[316,415,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[223,1365,189,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[214,1373,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, sternite XI and coxae of pereopod 3, ventral view; B, sternite XIII and coxae of pereopod 5, ventral view; C, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 4, lateral view; D, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 5, lateral view; E, sixth pleonal somite, dorsal view; F, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268872/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Figs. 4F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831173FF8CFE3DF945E5C00ED9" box="[431,501,1698,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-26@7.[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, colour in life: A, dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; B, dorsal view female 10.8 mm, SAMC-A096852; C shield and cephalic appendages, same as A; D, left lateral view, ovig. female 10.4 mm, USNM 1292095; E, right cheliped, lateral view; F, same as E, mesial view, male 12.1 mm SAMC-A096853; G, uropods and telson, dorsal view, USNM 1292096; H, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view, same as G." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268876/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">5G–H</figureCitation>
|
||
) weakly asymmetrical; protopod superior surface slightly excavate posterior to articulation of exopod, projection posterior to endopod bearing 2 small blunt spines; with rasp on dorsodistal face of endopod and exopod. Telson (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831173FF8CFD90F90CE66A0F61" box="[514,607,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[223,1365,189,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[214,1373,181,1885]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, sternite XI and coxae of pereopod 3, ventral view; B, sternite XIII and coxae of pereopod 5, ventral view; C, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 4, lateral view; D, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 5, lateral view; E, sixth pleonal somite, dorsal view; F, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268872/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Figs. 4F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831173FF8CFDF8F90DE69A0F61" box="[618,687,1770,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-26@7.[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, colour in life: A, dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; B, dorsal view female 10.8 mm, SAMC-A096852; C shield and cephalic appendages, same as A; D, left lateral view, ovig. female 10.4 mm, USNM 1292095; E, right cheliped, lateral view; F, same as E, mesial view, male 12.1 mm SAMC-A096853; G, uropods and telson, dorsal view, USNM 1292096; H, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view, same as G." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268876/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">5G–H</figureCitation>
|
||
) symmetrical to slightly asymmetrical, ovoid, slightly broader than long; dorsal surface uneven, with many tufts of setae; posterior margin subdivided by shallow sinus into equal lobes with marginal setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061173FF8CFF55F8B0E6140FF1" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
|
||
Males without pleopods, often with female gonopores present (intersex). Females with biramous left pleopods 2–5 (all carrying eggs,
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA99831173FF8CFE08F89CE6210FF1" box="[410,532,1914,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-26@7.[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, colour in life: A, dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; B, dorsal view female 10.8 mm, SAMC-A096852; C shield and cephalic appendages, same as A; D, left lateral view, ovig. female 10.4 mm, USNM 1292095; E, right cheliped, lateral view; F, same as E, mesial view, male 12.1 mm SAMC-A096853; G, uropods and telson, dorsal view, USNM 1292096; H, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view, same as G." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268876/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Fig. 5B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061173FF8CFF55F879E0C30FDD" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1270,1950,1977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141173FF8CFF55F879E5530FDD" bold="true" box="[199,358,1950,1977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Genetic data.</emphasis>
|
||
Male
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E31173FF8CFE3FF879E6300FDD" box="[429,517,1950,1977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, USNM1292096, GenBank: MH481976, BOLD: SEAKY1184-17.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061173FF8CFF55F825E1100FB9" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1317,1986,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141173FF8CFF55F825E66B0FB9" bold="true" box="[199,606,1986,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">Three-dimensional microCT data.</emphasis>
|
||
Male 9.0 mm, SAMC A066204; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71173FF8CFB92F824E1140FB9" author="Landschoff, J. & Du Plessis, A. & Griffiths, C. L." box="[1024,1313,1987,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="535" refId="ref8781" refString="Landschoff, J., Du Plessis, A. & Griffiths, C. L. (2018 b) Supporting data for " A micro X-ray computed tomography dataset of South African hermit crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea) containing scans of two rare specimens and three recently described species. " GigaScience Database. https: // doi. org / 10.5524 / 100364" type="book" year="2018">
|
||
Landschoff
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141173FF8CFB14F824E0820FB9" box="[1158,1207,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="535">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2018b)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="33EED58E1170FF8FFF05F892E6B30F9D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268872" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13268872" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268872/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" startId="6.[151,250,1909,1933]" targetBox="[223,1365,189,1880]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061170FF8FFF05F892E6B30F9D" blockId="6.[151,1436,1909,2041]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141170FF8FFF05F892E5250FE9" bold="true" box="[151,272,1909,1933]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE851170FF8FFEB2F892E6930FE9" authority="Stebbing, 1924" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[288,678,1909,1933]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141170FF8FFEB2F892E5CB0FE9" box="[288,510,1909,1933]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="536">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71170FF8FFD9AF892E6930FE9" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[520,678,1909,1933]" pageId="6" pageNumber="536" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, sternite XI and coxae of pereopod 3, ventral view; B, sternite XIII and coxae of pereopod 5, ventral view; C, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 4, lateral view; D, propodus and dactyl of pereopod 5, lateral view; E, sixth pleonal somite, dorsal view; F, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="33EED58E1171FF8EFF05F8B5E66C0F9F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268876" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13268876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268876/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="537" startId="7.[151,250,1874,1898]" targetBox="[224,1364,181,1850]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="672E85061171FF8EFF05F8B5E66C0F9F" blockId="7.[151,1436,1874,2043]" pageId="7" pageNumber="537">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141171FF8EFF05F8B5E5380F0F" bold="true" box="[151,269,1874,1899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="537">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE851171FF8EFE88F8B5E6AD0F0F" authority="Stebbing, 1924" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[282,664,1874,1899]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="537" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E559141171FF8EFE88F8B5E5C30F0E" box="[282,502,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="537">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F71171FF8EFE6EF8B5E6AD0F0F" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[508,664,1874,1899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="537" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, colour in life: A, dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; B, dorsal view female 10.8 mm, SAMC-A096852; C shield and cephalic appendages, same as A; D, left lateral view, ovig. female 10.4 mm, USNM 1292095; E, right cheliped, lateral view; F, same as E, mesial view, male 12.1 mm SAMC-A096853; G, uropods and telson, dorsal view, USNM 1292096; H, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view, same as G.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="33EED58E117EFF81FF05F8B5E1780F9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268878" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13268878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268878/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="538" startId="8.[151,250,1874,1898]" targetBox="[226,1361,181,1850]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117EFF81FF05F8B5E1780F9E" blockId="8.[151,1436,1874,2042]" pageId="8" pageNumber="538">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117EFF81FF05F8B5E5380F0E" bold="true" box="[151,269,1874,1898]" pageId="8" pageNumber="538">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117EFF81FE8BF8B5E6AD0F0E" authority="Stebbing, 1924" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[281,664,1874,1898]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="538" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117EFF81FE8BF8B5E5C00F0E" box="[281,501,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="538">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117EFF81FE69F8B5E6AD0F0E" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[507,664,1874,1898]" pageId="8" pageNumber="538" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A, mesial and B, lateral view of right cheliped (in alcohol), male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; C dorsal view of male paratype (pleon missing), 16.5 mm, SAMC 1541; D, shield, dorsal view of the same as C; E, three-dimensional reconstruction of microCT scan, male 9.0 mm, SAMC A066204; F, specimen in life extended from shell (in tank), male 14.3 mm, SAMC A066603; G, specimen in natural habitat, Millers Point, False Bay, Cape Town; H, specimen in tank eating Cape Urchin (identity unclear), ~9.5 mm, USNM 1292096. Photographs F, G, by Craig Foster.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117FFF80FF55FF71E5E20AE1" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117FFF80FF55FF71E51508D4" bold="true" box="[199,288,150,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">Colour.</emphasis>
|
||
General colour in life (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA9983117FFF80FDAAFF70E6BF08D5" box="[568,650,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-26@7.[224,1364,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, colour in life: A, dorsal view (left) and ventral view (right) male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; B, dorsal view female 10.8 mm, SAMC-A096852; C shield and cephalic appendages, same as A; D, left lateral view, ovig. female 10.4 mm, USNM 1292095; E, right cheliped, lateral view; F, same as E, mesial view, male 12.1 mm SAMC-A096853; G, uropods and telson, dorsal view, USNM 1292096; H, posterior portion of sixth pleonal somite, uropods, and telson, dorsal view, same as G." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268876" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268876/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA9983117FFF80FD08FF70E6EA08D5" box="[666,735,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[226,1361,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924: A, mesial and B, lateral view of right cheliped (in alcohol), male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; C dorsal view of male paratype (pleon missing), 16.5 mm, SAMC 1541; D, shield, dorsal view of the same as C; E, three-dimensional reconstruction of microCT scan, male 9.0 mm, SAMC A066204; F, specimen in life extended from shell (in tank), male 14.3 mm, SAMC A066603; G, specimen in natural habitat, Millers Point, False Bay, Cape Town; H, specimen in tank eating Cape Urchin (identity unclear), ~9.5 mm, USNM 1292096. Photographs F, G, by Craig Foster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268878/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">6F–G</figureCitation>
|
||
): cream to orange brown and darker patches, sprinkled with small brown-red dots; strong setae appear orange-yellow at base, white on distal half, plumose setae cream. Shield cream to orange near midline, with usually two dark brown patches on anterior one-third and darker areas laterally; evenly to irregularly covered with small brown-red dots.Anterior half or calcified part of cardiac region dark brown, remainder of carapace and pleon somewhat uniformly cream to orange-brown and with the usual red dots. Ocular peduncles cream with irregularly spaced brown-red dots, often in groups of 3–5, becoming smaller distally, less intense in colour, and less dense; corneas light blue; acicles as proximal part of peduncles, with white calcareous spines. Antennular and antennal peduncles like proximal ocular peduncles, but with spines and tubercles cream to white; antennular peduncles with white dorsal flagellum, ventral flagellum with light and small brown-orange yellowish dots; antennal peduncles without dots, semi-transparent to cream. Chelipeds and pereopods primary color as carapace, but usually each segment with proximal broad dark brown patch on dorsal inner and outer face, sometimes as ring around entire segment; brown patches less pronounced on chelipeds, and obscured by setation, most pronounced on second pereopod. Ventral surfaces, uropods and telson as primary color. Eggs of later developmental stage orange.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2F8BD68D117FFF85FF55FD69E5960CC5" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="542" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117FFF80FF55FD69E69E0B71" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117FFF80FF55FD69E5C20ACC" bold="true" box="[199,503,654,681]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
South coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1F86C596117FFF80FD3DFD68E7740ACD" box="[687,833,655,681]" name="South Africa" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
from East London to False Bay,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A5554BE4117FFF80FB57FD68E0CA0ACD" box="[1221,1279,655,681]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
Town. Depth range:
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E3117FFF80FF75FD55E5770AA9" box="[231,322,690,717]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="18.0" valueMax="31.0" valueMin="5.0">5–31 m</quantity>
|
||
; commonly found at diving depths of
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E3117FFF80FC92FD55E76D0AA9" box="[768,856,690,717]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="15.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="5.0">5–25 m</quantity>
|
||
on various habitats from sandy substrate to rocky reefs in kelp forest. Typically inhabits oversized gastropods shells such as those of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117FFF80FB3CFD30E0C30A94" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1198,1270,727,752]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117FFF80FB3CFD30E0C30A94" box="[1198,1270,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">Murex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117FFF80FF05FD1CE5760B71" author="Barnard, K. H." box="[151,323,762,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" pagination="1 - 837" refId="ref7935" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1950) Descriptive catalogue of South African decapod Crustacea (crabs and shrimps). Annals of the South African Museum, 38, 1 - 837." type="journal article" year="1950">Barnard (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
or large buccinids in False Bay.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117FFF80FF55FCF8E7330B5D" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,774,799,825]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117FFF80FF55FCF8E5C10B5D" bold="true" box="[199,500,799,825]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">Proposed common name.</emphasis>
|
||
“Hercules hermit crab”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117FFF80FF55FCA5E7B20E49" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117FFF80FF55FCA5E5880B39" bold="true" box="[199,445,834,861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">Taxonomic remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
As previously mentioned,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117FFF80FD75FCA4E79A0B39" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[743,943,835,861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing’s (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117FFF80FBC4FCA4E1720B39" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[1110,1351,835,861]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117FFF80FBC4FCA4E1720B39" box="[1110,1351,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is brief and lacks morphological details, a situation exacerbated by the confusion on the number, fate and condition of his original material. A first problem during this study was to locate the type material of Stebbing’s taxon. In his description
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117FFF80FE88FC48E6330BAD" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[282,518,943,969]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing (1924: 241)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that “The specimen is a female, with the sexual openings conspicuous at the bases of the third paraeopods”, and he did not mention any other specimens. Stebbing indicated the locality of his female specimen to be Algoa Bay, and stated that the specimen was deposited in the South African Museum with registration number “A 1541” (currently SAMC A1541). However, examination of the specimen deposited in that museum under that registration number showed that it is actually a male (not intersex with both male and female gonopores, which could have been mistaken for a female by Stebbing in his description). In view of this discrepancy in the sex of the specimen, we searched the handwritten record in the Iziko South African Museum pertaining to the
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117FFF80FF05FB4CE57F0CA0" box="[151,330,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">SS Pieter Faure</emphasis>
|
||
collections used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117FFF80FDA1FB4CE6DE0CA1" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[563,747,1195,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and confirmed
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117FFF80FC36FB4CE0560CA1" author="Barnard, K. H." box="[932,1123,1194,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" pagination="1 - 837" refId="ref7935" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1950) Descriptive catalogue of South African decapod Crustacea (crabs and shrimps). Annals of the South African Museum, 38, 1 - 837." type="journal article" year="1950">Barnard’s (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
discovery that lot “A1541” originally contained
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F117FFF80FE10FB28E6180C8D" box="[386,557,1231,1257]" count="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, of which only a male was found during our study in that SAMC lot. On the suspicion that the missing female type might have been transported to London to be worked on by the Rev. T.R.R. Stebbing (1835–1926;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117FFF80FE08FAF0E62C0D55" author="Mills, E. L." box="[410,537,1303,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" pagination="57 - 74" refId="ref9184" refString="Mills, E. L. (1976) T. R. R. Stebbing: A bibliography with biographic notes. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 8, 57 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1095 - 8312.1976. tb 00241. x" type="journal article" year="1976">Mills 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we requested a search at the Natural History Museum, London, where indeed their “Stebbing Collection” was found to include a lot (NHM 1928.12.286) from Algoa Bay with the appendages of a specimen that unquestionably is of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117FFF80FDA4FAB8E6E40D1D" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[566,721,1375,1401]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117FFF80FDA4FAB8E6E40D1D" box="[566,721,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the only species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117FFF80FC2AFAB8E01D0D1D" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1836" box="[952,1064,1375,1401]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117FFF80FC2AFAB8E01D0D1D" box="[952,1064,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">Cancellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
known to occur in South African waters. Although the body of that specimen is missing and thus the sex cannot be ascertained, the appendages left in the jar (a right antennule, a left cheliped, left pereopods 3–5, and right maxillipeds 1–3, see “Type material”) must belong to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117FFF80FED6FA2CE6390D81" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[324,524,1483,1509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing’s (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
female mentioned in his description. So it is clear that Stebbing worked with
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F117FFF80FAE0FA2CE53A0E6D" count="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, a female and a male that must be considered as
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117FFF80FCBCFA08E7A10E6D" box="[814,916,1519,1545]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
. From these
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117FFF80FBB0FA08E0B20E6D" box="[1058,1159,1519,1545]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, the male (sl =
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E3117FFF80FAA0FA09E1AD0E6D" box="[1330,1432,1518,1545]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" unit="mm" value="16.5">16.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, SAMC A1541) is herein selected as
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117FFF80FDBDF9F4E6A30E49" box="[559,662,1555,1581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
for Stebbing’s taxon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117FFF83FF55F9D0E5A60979" blockId="9.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">
|
||
A second problem during this study was to determine which specimen was illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117FFF80FB50F9D0E1460E35" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[1218,1395,1591,1617]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing (1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 3, [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117FFF80FF29F9BCE5180E11" box="[187,301,1627,1653]" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">Crustacea</taxonomicName>
|
||
pl. 118]). Stebbing’s illustrations are few and crudely executed. The illustration (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117FFF80FB5BF9BCE1460E11" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[1225,1395,1627,1653]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 3 fig. T) of the posterior part of the pleon shows a nearly symmetrical telson, what appears to be an inaccurately drawn posterior part of the sixth pleonal somite, and incomplete or mutilated uropods; the illustrations (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117FFF80FAA5F944E4E60E85" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." pageId="9" pageNumber="539" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 3 figs. prp 1, prp 3, prp 4) of a cheliped and pereopods 3 and 4 appear distorted and do not show any surface ornamentation. Those illustrations could possibly belong to either the female or male
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117FFF80FB28F90CE12A0F61" box="[1210,1311,1771,1797]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, except for the mouthparts, which should belong to the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117FFF80FD41F8E8E71F0F4D" box="[723,810,1807,1833]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
as the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117FFF80FC27F8E8E0390F4D" box="[949,1036,1807,1833]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
(SAM-C 1541) is still intact and its mouthparts clearly were not dissected. The illustration (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117FFF80FC9AF8D4E7840F29" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[776,945,1843,1869]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 3, fig. car) of the anterior portion of the cephalic shield and ocular peduncles initially appeared to be erroneous as it shows ocular acicles that are distally bifid (left) or simple (right), whereas all specimens we studied and believed to represent Stebbing’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117FFF80FB6DF89CE1A90FF1" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[1279,1436,1915,1941]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117FFF80FB6DF89CE1A90FF1" box="[1279,1436,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="539">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have ocular acicles that are distally multifid. However, examination of the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117FFF80FBA2F878E0B20FDD" box="[1072,1159,1951,1977]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen catalogued as SAMC-1541 showed exactly the same spinulation on the ocular acicles as depicted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117FFF80FBE4F824E1120FB9" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[1142,1319,1987,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="539" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing (1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 3, fig. car). We thus consider that Stebbing’s illustration (pl. 3, fig. car) is of the male catalogued as SAMC-1541. Given the unusually large size of this male (cephalothoracic shield length
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E3117CFF83FC1DFF5DE7C208B1" box="[911,1015,186,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" unit="mm" value="16.5">16.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
), the largest known of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FB6BFF5CE1A008B1" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[1273,1429,187,213]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FB6BFF5CE1A008B1" box="[1273,1429,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we attribute the morphology of its ocular acicles to size variation, a condition frequently seen (pers. observation) in many other paguroids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117CFF83FF55FEC0E13809ED" blockId="10.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">
|
||
In summary, we conclude that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FDAEFEC0E7310925" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[572,772,295,321]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing’s (1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 3) illustrations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FB85FEC0E13A0925" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[1047,1295,295,321]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FB85FEC0E13A0925" box="[1047,1295,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
represent a composite of both the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117CFF83FE7FFEACE6710901" box="[493,580,331,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
now at the Natural History Museum, London (
|
||
<collectionCode id="01801DC3117CFF83FBCDFEACE0970901" box="[1119,1186,331,357]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" type="Herbarium">NHM</collectionCode>
|
||
1928.12.286) and the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117CFF83FF47FE88E51909ED" box="[213,300,367,393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
herein selected as
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117CFF83FE6DFE88E65309ED" box="[511,614,367,393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
at
|
||
<collectingCounty id="8E4FFD8A117CFF83FD1AFE88E7E409ED" box="[648,977,367,393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">
|
||
Iziko
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="874A1F7C117CFF83FD5BFE88E7E409ED" box="[713,977,367,393]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">South African Museum</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A5554BE4117CFF83FC4EFE88E02309ED" box="[988,1046,367,393]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
<location id="624ED3DD117CFF83FB8EFE88E06E09ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF3834101177FF85FF05F9A2E5960CC5:624ED3DD117CFF83FB8EFE88E06E09ED" box="[1052,1115,367,393]" county="Iziko South African Museum" municipality="South African Museum" name="Town" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" stateProvince="Western Cape">Town</location>
|
||
(SAMC-1541).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117CFF83FF55FE74E71E0BC1" blockId="10.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">
|
||
Since
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FE9EFE74E5E109C9" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[268,468,403,429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing’s (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FDEEFE74E75B09C9" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[636,878,403,429]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FDEEFE74E75B09C9" box="[636,878,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this species was not reported again until
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FAD0FE74E4D709B5" author="Barnard, K. H." pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 837" refId="ref7935" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1950) Descriptive catalogue of South African decapod Crustacea (crabs and shrimps). Annals of the South African Museum, 38, 1 - 837." type="journal article" year="1950">Barnard (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
remarked on the lack of details in the original description. Based on
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F117CFF83FC73FE50E0A009B5" box="[993,1173,439,465]" count="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FB2BFE50E16109B5" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[1209,1364,439,465]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FB2BFE50E16109B5" box="[1209,1364,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found in SAMC, i.e., the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117CFF83FE25FE3CE63B0991" box="[439,526,475,501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
(now
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117CFF83FDCEFE3CE6F00991" box="[604,709,475,501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) from Algoa Bay and two more specimens from East London,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FF05FE18E5710A7D" author="Barnard, K. H." box="[151,324,510,537]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 837" refId="ref7935" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1950) Descriptive catalogue of South African decapod Crustacea (crabs and shrimps). Annals of the South African Museum, 38, 1 - 837." type="journal article" year="1950">Barnard (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided details about the morphology, habitat, and presumed development of Stebbing’s species. As previously mentioned,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FE28FDC4E6A90A59" author="Barnard, K. H." box="[442,668,546,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 837" refId="ref7935" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1950) Descriptive catalogue of South African decapod Crustacea (crabs and shrimps). Annals of the South African Museum, 38, 1 - 837." type="journal article" year="1950">Barnard (1950: 449)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FCB3FDC4E78E0A59" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[801,955,547,573]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FCB3FDC4E78E0A59" box="[801,955,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a “very aberrant” species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FF05FDA0E5320A05" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1836" box="[151,263,583,609]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FF05FDA0E5320A05" box="[151,263,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cancellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He observed that in contrast to other congenerics
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FCABFDA0E7E10A05" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[825,980,583,609]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FCABFDA0E7E10A05" box="[825,980,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lives in gastropod shells (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FB67FDA0E1080A04" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1269,1341,583,608]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FB67FDA0E1080A04" box="[1269,1341,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Murex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) instead of excavated burrows in corals, soft rocks, and sponges; has a coiled rather than straight pleon; the chelipeds as well as pereopods 2 and 3 (instead of just the chelipeds and pereopods 2) together tightly form a closure for the aperture of the gastropod shell used as housing; and the upper surface of the carpus of the chelipeds do not form a strong knuckle-like projection. Furthermore,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FDADFD30E6C00A95" author="Barnard, K. H." box="[575,757,726,753]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 837" refId="ref7935" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1950) Descriptive catalogue of South African decapod Crustacea (crabs and shrimps). Annals of the South African Museum, 38, 1 - 837." type="journal article" year="1950">Barnard’s (1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 82) illustration shows slightly asymmetrical uropods and a distinctly asymmetrical telson. This unusual morphology for a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FC76FD1CE0610B71" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1836" box="[996,1108,763,789]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FC76FD1CE0610B71" box="[996,1108,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cancellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
led
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FB17FD1CE12C0B71" author="Mayo, B. S." box="[1157,1305,763,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 63" refId="ref8894" refString="Mayo, B. S. (1973) A review of the genus Cancellus (Crustacea: Diogenidae) with the description of a new species from the Caribbean Sea. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 150, 1 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.150" type="journal article" year="1973">Mayo (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FF05FCF8E5070B5D" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,306,799,825]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FF05FCF8E5070B5D" box="[151,306,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be more primitive than other symmetrical congenerics, and consequently intermediate between the more typical pagurids and species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FDA0FCA4E6970B39" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1836" box="[562,674,835,861]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FDA0FCA4E6970B39" box="[562,674,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cancellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Presumably, according to Mayo, the slightly asymmetrical uropods, flattened opercular surfaces of the chelipeds, and the spirally coiled pleon in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FB9AFC80E0900BE5" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[1032,1189,871,897]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FB9AFC80E0900BE5" box="[1032,1189,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, reflected incomplete evolution from the use of asymmetrical to tubular housing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117CFF83FF55FC48E5E60C3D" blockId="10.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">
|
||
It appears that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FEE8FC48E6160BAD" author="Gordan, J." box="[378,547,942,969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="253 - 352" refId="ref8395" refString="Gordan, J. (1956) A bibliography of pagurid crabs, exclusive of Alcock, 1905. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 108, 253 - 352." type="journal article" year="1956">Gordan (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was the first to change the spelling of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FC69FC48E0F20BAD" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[1019,1223,943,969]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing’s (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
species epithet to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FF05FC34E52A0B89" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,287,979,1005]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrothrix">
|
||
“
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FF36FC34E52A0B89" box="[164,287,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">macrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” rather than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FE22FC34E60D0B89" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[432,568,979,1005]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
“
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FE2FFC34E60D0B89" box="[445,568,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, most likely in order to Latinize the Greek letter “k”. Since then, the spelling
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FF05FC10E52A0C75" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,287,1015,1041]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrothrix">
|
||
“
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FF36FC10E52A0C75" box="[164,287,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">macrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” was used by several carcinologists (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FD4CFC10E7520C75" author="Mayo, B. S." box="[734,871,1015,1041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 63" refId="ref8894" refString="Mayo, B. S. (1973) A review of the genus Cancellus (Crustacea: Diogenidae) with the description of a new species from the Caribbean Sea. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 150, 1 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.150" type="journal article" year="1973">
|
||
<date id="132FA3C6117CFF83FD4CFC10E7520C75" box="[734,871,1015,1041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" value="1973-05">Mayo 1973</date>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FCEAFC10E0A70C75" author="McLaughlin, P. A. & Komai, T. & Lemaitre, R. & Rahayu, D. L." box="[888,1170,1015,1041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="5 - 107" refId="ref9113" refString="McLaughlin, P. A., Komai, T., Lemaitre, R. & Rahayu, D. L. (2010) Annotated checklist of anomuran decapod crustaceans of the world (exclusive of the Kiwaoidea and families Chirostylidae and Galatheidae of the Galatheoidea). Part 1. Lithodoidea, Lomisoidea and Paguroidea. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 23, 5 - 107." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
McLaughlin
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FB9CFC10E07E0C75" box="[1038,1099,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FB33FC10E4E70C51" author="Wittmann, K. J. & Griffiths, C. L." pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="15 - 47" refId="ref9854" refString="Wittmann, K. J. & Griffiths, C. L. (2017) Three new species of Heteromysis (Mysida, Mysidae, Heteromysini) from the Cape Peninsula, South Africa, with first documentation of a mysid-cephalopod association. ZooKeys, 685, 15 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 685.13890" type="journal article" year="2017">Wittmann & Griffiths 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FF4DFBFCE6220C51" author="Landschoff, J. & Gouws, G." box="[223,535,1051,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref8648" refString="Landschoff, J. & Gouws, G. (2018) DNA barcoding as a tool to facilitate the taxonomy of hermit crabs (Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 38 (6), 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jcbiol / ruy 084" type="journal article" year="2018">Landschoff & Gouws 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FDB1FBFCE7070C51" author="Landschoff, J. & Du Plessis, A. & Griffiths, C. L." box="[547,818,1051,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref8707" refString="Landschoff, J., Du Plessis, A. & Griffiths, C. L. (2018 a) A micro X-ray computed tomography dataset of South African hermit crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea) containing scans of two rare specimens and three recently described species. GigaScience, 7, 1 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / gigascience / giy 022" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Landschoff
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FD39FBFCE6D10C51" box="[683,740,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, b).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FCF4FBFCE09A0C51" author="Forest, J. & McLaughlin, P. A." box="[870,1199,1051,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="31 - 103" refId="ref8320" refString="Forest, J. & McLaughlin, P. A. (2000) Superfamily Coenobitoidea. In: Forest, J., de Saint Laurent, M., McLaughlin, P. A. & Lemaitre, R. (Eds.), The marine fauna of New Zealand: Paguridea (Decapoda: Anomura) exclusive of the Lithodidae. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 114, 31 - 103." type="journal article" year="2000">Forest & McLaughlin (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
correctly reverted to Stebbing’s original spelling.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117CFF83FF55FB84E13A0D55" blockId="10.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FF55FB84E56F0C19" author="Mayo, B. S." box="[199,346,1123,1149]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 63" refId="ref8894" refString="Mayo, B. S. (1973) A review of the genus Cancellus (Crustacea: Diogenidae) with the description of a new species from the Caribbean Sea. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 150, 1 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.150" type="journal article" year="1973">Mayo (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided an in-depth review of the taxonomic literature, morphological features, and life history information available for the nine species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FD3BFB60E72C0CC5" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1836" box="[681,793,1159,1185]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FD3BFB60E72C0CC5" box="[681,793,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cancellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
known at that time. However, Mayo did not have any material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FE88FB4CE5830CA1" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[282,438,1195,1221]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FE88FB4CE5830CA1" box="[282,438,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
available for examination and thus did not add any new information on the morphology or biology of this species, although she pointed out that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FC86FB28E7E20C8D" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[788,983,1231,1257]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="235 - 250" refId="ref9618" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1924) South African Crustacea (Part XII of S. A. Crustacea, for the Marine Investigations in South Africa). Annals of the South African Museum, 19, 235 - 250." type="journal article" year="1924">Stebbing’s (1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 3, fig. car) rough illustrations of the anterior part of the cephalothoracic shield and eyestalks did not agree with the expanded description of this species provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FEB7FAF0E5E40D55" author="Barnard, K. H." box="[293,465,1302,1329]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 837" refId="ref7935" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1950) Descriptive catalogue of South African decapod Crustacea (crabs and shrimps). Annals of the South African Museum, 38, 1 - 837." type="journal article" year="1950">Barnard (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and in fact appeared more like that in species of other genera of pagurids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117CFF83FF55FADCE68A0EFD" blockId="10.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FF55FADCE59D0D31" author="Kensley, B." box="[199,424,1338,1365]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="55 - 79" refId="ref8558" refString="Kensley, B. (1974) Type specimens of Decapoda (Crustacea) in the collections of the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 66 (4), 55 - 79." type="journal article" year="1974">Kensley (1974: 65)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided more precise information about the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117CFF83FC55FADCE7C20D31" box="[967,1015,1339,1365]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FB17FADCE14E0D31" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[1157,1403,1339,1365]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FB17FADCE14E0D31" box="[1157,1403,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Algoa Bay as “Bird Island passage,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A5554BE4117CFF83FDD3FAB8E6D90D1D" box="[577,748,1375,1401]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cape Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, 10 fathoms”, and also added that the original sample was collected by the “S.S.
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FE01FA64E6160DF8" box="[403,547,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Pieter Faure</emphasis>
|
||
”, a
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A5554BE4117CFF83FDC0FA64E6B90DF9" box="[594,652,1411,1437]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
Government trawler that investigated the coast of what is now
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1F86C596117CFF83FAC9FA64E4EA0DA5" name="South Africa" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FF7FFA40E5A40DA5" author="Barnard, K. H." box="[237,401,1447,1473]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="9 - 29" refId="ref7970" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1964) The work of the s. s. Pieter Faure in Natal waters, with special reference to the Crustacea and Mollusca; with descriptions of new species of Mollusca from Natal. Annals of the Natal Museum, 16, 9 - 29." type="journal article" year="1964">Barnard, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Subsequently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FDD4FA40E6C70DA5" author="Kensley, B." box="[582,754,1447,1473]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref8597" refString="Kensley, B. (1981) On the zoogeography of southern African decapod Crustacea, with a distributional checklist of the species. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 338, i - iii + 1 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.338" type="journal article" year="1981">Kensley (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FC04FA40E0050DA5" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[918,1072,1447,1473]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FC04FA40E0050DA5" box="[918,1072,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurred from False Bay to East London, in a depth range of
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E3117CFF83FE5FFA2CE6070D81" box="[461,562,1483,1509]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" unit="m" value="57.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="34.0">
|
||
34–
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F117CFF83FE6AFA2CE6070D81" box="[504,562,1483,1509]" count="80" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" type="generic">80 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. While the distribution remains correct, the depth information is an error as this information provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FE3EFA08E6670E6D" author="Kensley, B." box="[428,594,1519,1545]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="55 - 79" refId="ref8558" refString="Kensley, B. (1974) Type specimens of Decapoda (Crustacea) in the collections of the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 66 (4), 55 - 79." type="journal article" year="1974">Kensley (1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FDCEFA08E6A00E6D" author="Kensley, B." box="[604,661,1519,1545]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref8597" refString="Kensley, B. (1981) On the zoogeography of southern African decapod Crustacea, with a distributional checklist of the species. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 338, i - iii + 1 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.338" type="journal article" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) was based on the few previously reported specimens, all listed above and all from shallower waters. Except for one additional specimen listed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FC76F9F4E0AB0E49" author="Day, J. H. & Field, J. G. & Penrith, M. J." box="[996,1182,1555,1581]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref8024" refString="Day, J. H., Field, J. G. & Penrith, M. J. (1970) The benthic fauna and fishes of False Bay, South Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 39 (1), 1 - 108. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359197009519103" type="journal article" year="1970">
|
||
Day
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FB8BF9F4E07F0E49" box="[1049,1098,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">et al</emphasis>
|
||
(1970)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, no new material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FA11F9F4E5270E35" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FA11F9F4E5270E35" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been taxonomically reported since Barnard’s report until the present study. In an apparent oversight,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117CFF83FF05F9BCE5410E11" author="Emmerson, W. D." box="[151,372,1627,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" refId="ref8190" refString="Emmerson, W. D. (2016) A Guide to, and Checklist for, the Decapoda of Namibia, South Africa and Mozambique. Vol. 2. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle upon Tyne, 645 pp." type="book" year="2016">Emmerson’s (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FDB5F9BCE72C0E11" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[551,793,1627,1653]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FDB5F9BCE72C0E11" box="[551,793,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in his recent guide and checklist to the decapods from the south African coasts of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1F86C596117CFF83FE32F998E6350EFD" box="[416,512,1663,1689]" name="Namibia" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="1F86C596117CFF83FDB6F998E6890EFD" box="[548,700,1663,1689]" name="Mozambique" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117CFF83FF55F945E76F0FF1" blockId="10.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FF55F945E6B80ED8" bold="true" box="[199,653,1698,1725]" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Morphological and biological oddities.</emphasis>
|
||
As previously mentioned under “Taxonomic Remarks”,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FA93F944E1A90ED9" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[1281,1436,1699,1725]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FA93F944E1A90ED9" box="[1281,1436,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
stands out morphologically among species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FD0BF920E73C0E85" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1836" box="[665,777,1735,1761]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FD0BF920E73C0E85" box="[665,777,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cancellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in that the outer surfaces of the chelipeds (palm and carpi) that form part of the opercular surface are flattened or slightly convex rather than concave; both pereopods 1 and 2, instead of only pereopod 1, together with the chelipeds, form the opercular surface; the coiled pleon; and the slightly asymmetrical uropods. In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FDBEF8D4E6FC0F29" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[556,713,1843,1869]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FDBEF8D4E6FC0F29" box="[556,713,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FB8CF8D4E0BB0F29" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1836" box="[1054,1166,1843,1869]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FB8CF8D4E0BB0F29" box="[1054,1166,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cancellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the use of gastropod shells for housing rather than straight burrows in a variety of petriculous substrates, a condition which presumably has caused the slight asymmetry present on pleon and uropods.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117CFF82FF55F878E10908B1" blockId="10.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,825]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="541" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">
|
||
The study of specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117CFF83FE69F878E6DB0FDD" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[507,750,1951,1977]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="540" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117CFF83FE69F878E6DB0FDD" box="[507,750,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
revealed the puzzling presence of what appears to be a pore on the basal surface of the ventromesial face of each ocular peduncle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA9983117CFF83FC36F824E7CE0FB9" box="[932,1019,1987,2013]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,189,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924, male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096: A, shield, cephalic appendages and posterior carapace, dorsal view; B, right side of cephalic shield, lateral lobe, unnamed plate, branchiostegite, and part of antennal peduncle, lateral view; C, ocular peduncles with basal ‘pores’, ventral view; D, mandible, internal view; E, ischium of third maxilliped with crista dentata, internal view. Abbreviations: LL, lateral lobe; PM, posteromedian plate; UP, unnamed plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268864" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268864/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="540">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Such pore, if indeed our anatomical interpretation is correct, has not been reported on the ocular peduncles in any species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FB20FF70E11708D5" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1836" box="[1202,1314,151,177]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FB20FF70E11708D5" box="[1202,1314,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">Cancellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or to our knowledge in any other paguroid. The function of this pore, if any, can only be speculated on at this point.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117DFF82FF55FF38E5510B5D" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">
|
||
Among the specimens examined of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FDCEFF38E77B089D" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[604,846,223,249]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FDCEFF38E77B089D" box="[604,846,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we encountered
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F117DFF82FB84FF38E089089D" box="[1046,1212,223,249]" count="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
with both male and female gonopores. In one (USNM 1292096) these were both paired, and in the other (SAMC A066204) the female gonopore was observed only on the left. In these specimens the pores are not as wide or as well-developed as in true females and they have been sexed as males here also, given the lack of pleopods as in strictly functional males. To our knowledge, intersex individuals have not been previously reported for species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FB14FE88E0C309ED" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1836" box="[1158,1270,367,393]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FB14FE88E0C309ED" box="[1158,1270,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">Cancellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the occurrence of intersex individuals in paguroids, often considered “aberrant”, has been known since the late 19
|
||
<superScript id="90E4284E117DFF82FA02FE75E1A809C4" attach="none" box="[1424,1437,402,416]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">th</superScript>
|
||
century although only in the diogenid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FDACFE50E07509B5" authority="(H. Milne Edwards, 1836)" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[574,1088,439,465]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Dardanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FDACFE50E72009B5" box="[574,789,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">Dardanus deformis</emphasis>
|
||
(H.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FCD4FE50E00D09B5" author="Milne Edwards, H." box="[838,1080,439,465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="257 - 288" refId="ref9239" refString="Milne Edwards, H. (1836) Observations zoologiques sur les Pagures et description d'un nouveau genre de la tribu des Paguriens. Annales des Sciences Naturelle Zoologie, Paris, Series 2, 6, 257 - 288." type="journal article" year="1836">Milne Edwards, 1836</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has this phenomenon regularly been observed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FEDEFE3CE63B0991" author="Hilgendorf, F." box="[332,526,475,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="782 - 852" refId="ref8521" refString="Hilgendorf, F. (1879) Die von Hern W. Peters in Mocambique gesammelten Crustaceen. Monatsbericht der Koniglich Preussichen Akademie er Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1878, 782 - 852. [1879]" type="journal article" year="1879">Hilgendorf 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FD8FFE3CE73D0991" author="Fize, A. & Serene, R." box="[541,776,474,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="1 - 225" refId="ref8290" refString="Fize, A. & Serene, R. (1955) Les Pagures du Vietnam. Institut Oceanographique Nhatrang, Note 45, ix + 1 - 225." type="journal article" year="1955">Fize & Serène 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Lewinsohn 1982;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FC75FE3CE1730991" author="McLaughlin, P. A. & Lemaitre, R." box="[999,1350,475,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref9062" refString="McLaughlin, P. A. & Lemaitre, R. (1993) A review of the hermit crab genus Paguritt a (Decapoda: Anomura: Paguridae) with descriptions of three new species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 41 (1), 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="1993">McLaughlin & Lemaitre 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It has been hypothesized that this condition might indicate a functional hermaphroditism or perhaps latent sex reversal (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FF0DFDC4E5C30A59" author="McLaughlin, P. A. & Lemaitre, R." box="[159,502,547,573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref9062" refString="McLaughlin, P. A. & Lemaitre, R. (1993) A review of the hermit crab genus Paguritt a (Decapoda: Anomura: Paguridae) with descriptions of three new species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 41 (1), 1 - 29." type="journal article" year="1993">McLaughlin & Lemaitre 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), although only in the last 25 years have authors focused on studying intersexuality in paguroids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FEA2FDA0E6380A05" author="Turra, A. & Leite, F. P. P." box="[304,525,583,609]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="1061 - 1069" refId="ref9750" refString="Turra, A. & Leite, F. P. P. (2000) Population biology and growth of three sympatric species of intertidal hermit crabs in southeastern Brazil. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 80, 1061 - 1069. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 002531540000312 X" type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Turra &
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A5554BE4117DFF82FE00FDA0E5F90A05" box="[402,460,583,609]" country="Philippines" name="Southern Leyte" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">Leite</collectingRegion>
|
||
2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FD85FDA0E6670A05" author="Turra, A. & Leite, F. P. P." box="[535,594,583,609]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="119 - 1027" refId="ref9811" refString="Turra, A. & Leite, F. P. P. (2001) Fecundity of three sympatric populations of hermit crabs. Crustaceana, 74, 119 - 1027. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 15685400152691070" type="journal article" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FDCFFDA0E6E90A05" author="Turra, A." box="[605,732,583,609]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="757 - 759" refId="ref9664" refString="Turra, A. (2004) Intersexuality in hermit crabs: reproductive role and fate of gonopores in intersex individuals. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 84, 757 - 759. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315404009877 h" type="journal article" year="2004">Turra 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FD74FDA0E7140A05" author="Turra, A." box="[742,801,583,609]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="491 - 494" refId="ref9715" refString="Turra, A. (2007) Reproductive role of intersex hermit crabs. Crustaceana, 80 (4), 491 - 494. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854007780440975" type="journal article" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FCBEFDA0E0390A05" author="Fantucci, M. Z. & Biagi, R. & Mantelatto, F. L." box="[812,1036,583,609]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref8232" refString="Fantucci, M. Z., Biagi, R. & Mantelatto, F. L. (2007) Intersexuality in the western Atlantic hermit crab Isocheles sawayai (Anomura: Diogenidae). Marine Biodiversity Records, 1, 1 - 3. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 175526720700735 X" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Fantucci
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FC01FDA0E7FE0A05" box="[915,971,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FB8AFDA0E12C0A05" author="Gusev, O. & Sabotin, Y." box="[1048,1305,583,609]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="533 - 536" refId="ref8429" refString="Gusev, O. & Sabotin, Y. (2007) Observation of intersexuality in land hermit crabs (Anomura: Coenobitidae). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 87, 533 - 536. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315407054604" type="journal article" year="2007">Gusev & Sabotin 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FAB6FDA0E5150AE1" author="Sant'Anna, B. S. & Turra, A. & Zara, F. J." pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="201 - 209" refId="ref9565" refString="Sant'Anna, B. S., Turra, A. & Zara, F. J. (2010) Simultaneous activity of male and female gonads in intersex hermit crabs. Aquatic Biology. 10, 201 - 209. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / ab 00283" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Sant’Anna
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FF05FD8CE4E60AE1" box="[151,211,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FEBDFD8CE6640AE1" author="Obuid-Allah, A. H. & Abd El-Wakeil, K. F. & Al-Hammady, M. A. M. & Said, E. S. A." box="[303,593,619,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="397 - 409" refId="ref9333" refString="Obuid-Allah, A. H., Abd El-Wakeil, K. F., Al-Hammady, M. A. M. & Said, E. S. A. (2019) Ecological studies on the hermit crab Calcinus latens (Paguroidea: Diogenidae), from Aqaba Gulf, Egypt; Part (II), some morphological aspects of intersexuality phenomenon. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries, 23 (2), 397 - 409. https: // doi. org / 10.21608 / ejabf. 2019.32245" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Obuid-Allah
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FE55FD8CE6360AE1" box="[455,515,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FDF5FD8CE74F0AE1" author="Sant'Anna, B. S. & Turra, A. & Zara, F. J." box="[615,890,619,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="201 - 209" refId="ref9565" refString="Sant'Anna, B. S., Turra, A. & Zara, F. J. (2010) Simultaneous activity of male and female gonads in intersex hermit crabs. Aquatic Biology. 10, 201 - 209. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / ab 00283" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Sant’Anna
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FD7BFD8CE7100AE1" box="[745,805,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have shown that at least in one species of the diogenid genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FEDBFD68E66E0ACD" authority="Dana, 1852" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1852" box="[329,603,654,681]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Clibanarius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FEDBFD68E5FA0ACD" box="[329,463,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">Clibanarius</emphasis>
|
||
Dana, 1852
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a portion of the population consists of intersex individuals that have both male and female functional reproductive systems, meaning they can reproduce as males and females, and thus supporting the existence of sequential hermaphroditism. Whether the same is true in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FBA9FD30E0E30A95" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[1083,1238,727,753]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FBA9FD30E0E30A95" box="[1083,1238,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or possibly other species of
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FE9DFD1CE5B00B71" box="[271,389,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FE9DFD1CE5B70B71" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1836" box="[271,386,763,789]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cancellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
as well as the evolutionary factors that explain hermaphroditism in these paguroids, remains to be investigated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="33EED58E117DFF82FF05FA8CE7F90DE0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268880" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13268880" box="[151,972,1387,1412]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268880/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" startId="11.[151,250,1387,1411]" targetBox="[157,1431,849,1364]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117DFF82FF05FA8CE7F90DE0" blockId="11.[151,972,1387,1412]" box="[151,972,1387,1412]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FF05FA8CE5380DE0" bold="true" box="[151,269,1387,1412]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">FIGURE 7</emphasis>
|
||
. World distribution of species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FDCDFA8BE7FD0DE0" authority="H. Milne Edwards, 1836" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1836" box="[607,968,1388,1412]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FDCDFA8BE6F10DE0" box="[607,708,1388,1412]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">Cancellus</emphasis>
|
||
H.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FD78FA8BE7FD0DE0" author="Milne Edwards, H." box="[746,968,1388,1412]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="257 - 288" refId="ref9239" refString="Milne Edwards, H. (1836) Observations zoologiques sur les Pagures et description d'un nouveau genre de la tribu des Paguriens. Annales des Sciences Naturelle Zoologie, Paris, Series 2, 6, 257 - 288." type="journal article" year="1836">Milne Edwards, 1836</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117DFF82FF55FA31E4E20F18" blockId="11.[151,1437,1494,2024]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FF55FA31E5F10D94" box="[199,452,1494,1520]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FF55FA31E50A0D94" box="[199,319,1494,1520]" genus="Cancelllus" pageId="11" pageNumber="543" rank="genus">Cancelllus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FEDBFA31E5F10D94" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[329,452,1494,1520]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">makrothrix</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is one of only four species of paguroid in which abbreviated development has been reported, the others being
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FE51FA1DE6150E70" box="[451,544,1530,1556]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">
|
||
C.
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117DFF82FE77FA1CE6150E70" box="[485,544,1531,1556]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">typus</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
H.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FDDEFA1DE7710E70" author="Milne Edwards, H." box="[588,836,1530,1556]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="257 - 288" refId="ref9239" refString="Milne Edwards, H. (1836) Observations zoologiques sur les Pagures et description d'un nouveau genre de la tribu des Paguriens. Annales des Sciences Naturelle Zoologie, Paris, Series 2, 6, 257 - 288." type="journal article" year="1836">Milne Edwards, 1836</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FCC3FA1DE1530E70" authority="(Dechance, 1963 a)" baseAuthorityName="Dechance" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[849,1382,1530,1556]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Areopaguristes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abbreviatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FCC3FA1DE0B30E70" box="[849,1158,1530,1556]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">Areopaguristes abbreviatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FB05FA1DE16B0E70" author="Dechance, M." box="[1175,1374,1530,1556]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="291 - 301" refId="ref8087" refString="Dechance, M. (1963 a) Sur des Paguristes littoraux de l'ouest de l'ocean Indien: P. jousseaumei Bouvier, P. perspicax Nobili et P. abbreviatus sp. nov. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, Series 2, 35 (3), 291 - 301." type="journal article" year="1963">Dechancé, 1963a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FF05F9F8E69B0E5C" authority="(H. Milne Edwards, 1836)" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[151,686,1566,1592]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Paguristes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frontalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FF05F9F8E5430E5C" box="[151,374,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">Paguristes frontalis</emphasis>
|
||
(H.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FE3CF9F9E6900E5C" author="Milne Edwards, H." box="[430,677,1566,1592]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="257 - 288" refId="ref9239" refString="Milne Edwards, H. (1836) Observations zoologiques sur les Pagures et description d'un nouveau genre de la tribu des Paguriens. Annales des Sciences Naturelle Zoologie, Paris, Series 2, 6, 257 - 288." type="journal article" year="1836">Milne Edwards, 1836</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FD2DF9F9E70C0E5C" author="Hale, H. M." box="[703,825,1566,1592]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" refId="ref8482" refString="Hale, H. M. (1927) The crustaceans of South Australia. Part 1. Handbook of the fauna and flora of South Australia. Harrison Weir, Government Printer, Adelaide, 201 pp." type="book" year="1927">Hale 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1941;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FC02F9F9E01A0E5D" author="Barnard, K. H." box="[912,1071,1566,1593]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="1 - 837" refId="ref7935" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1950) Descriptive catalogue of South African decapod Crustacea (crabs and shrimps). Annals of the South African Museum, 38, 1 - 837." type="journal article" year="1950">Barnard 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FBAFF9F9E0CF0E5C" author="Dechance, M." box="[1085,1274,1566,1592]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="488 - 495" refId="ref8143" refString="Dechance, M. (1963 b) Developpement direct chez un Paguride, Paguristes abbreviatus Dechance, et remarques sur le developpement des Paguristes. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, Series 2, 35 (5), 488 - 495." type="journal article" year="1963">Dechancé 1963b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FAB6F9F8E52F0E38" authorityName="Dechancé" authorityYear="1963" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Paguristes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abbreviatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FAB6F9F8E52F0E38" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">Paguristes abbreviatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FEBBF9A5E5F00E38" author="Morgan, G. J." box="[297,453,1602,1628]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="536 - 540" refId="ref9280" refString="Morgan, G. J. (1987) Abbreviated development in Paguristes frontalis (Milne Edwards, 1836) (Anomura: Diogenidae) from southern Australia. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 7 (3), 536 - 540. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1548302" type="journal article" year="1987">Morgan 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), although we have observed abbreviated development, and indeed brooding, of several other diogenid hermit crabs in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FDF0F980E6EF0EE4" box="[610,730,1639,1664]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Paguristes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FDF0F980E6EF0EE4" box="[610,730,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">Paguristes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117DFF82FC83F981E78E0EE4" authorityName="Rahayu & McLaughlin" authorityYear="2010" box="[785,955,1638,1664]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Areopaguristes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FC83F981E78E0EE4" box="[785,955,1638,1664]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">Areopaguristes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from South African waters (J. Landschoff, unpubl. data). Glaucothoë larvae as well as juveniles have been reported in the former four species from inside the housing of the hermit crab or attached to the pleopods, an indication of parental care.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FB16F949E1050EAD" author="Barnard, K. H." box="[1156,1328,1710,1737]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="1 - 837" refId="ref7935" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1950) Descriptive catalogue of South African decapod Crustacea (crabs and shrimps). Annals of the South African Museum, 38, 1 - 837." type="journal article" year="1950">Barnard (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
observed “juveniles” already hatched as glaucothoë larvae or still inside the egg adhering to the pleon and sides of the carapace in
|
||
<specimenCount id="71974E8F117DFF82FEB3F911E5AB0F74" box="[289,414,1782,1808]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||
(SAMC A3265), and concluded that in this species the free-swimming zoeal larval stage was suppressed and the young developed inside the housing occupied by the female. A similar conclusion indicating direct development was reported earlier by Hale (1941) in the Australian species
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117DFF82FBC6F8D9E0810F3C" box="[1108,1204,1854,1880]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">
|
||
C.
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117DFF82FBEBF8D8E0810F3C" box="[1145,1204,1855,1880]" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">typus</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
H.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117DFF82FB77F8D9E4E70F18" author="Milne Edwards, H." pageId="11" pageNumber="541" pagination="257 - 288" refId="ref9239" refString="Milne Edwards, H. (1836) Observations zoologiques sur les Pagures et description d'un nouveau genre de la tribu des Paguriens. Annales des Sciences Naturelle Zoologie, Paris, Series 2, 6, 257 - 288." type="journal article" year="1836">Milne Edwards, 1836</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117DFF85FF55F861E12A08B1" blockId="11.[151,1437,1494,2024]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,1185]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="542" pageId="11" pageNumber="541">
|
||
The ovigerous female specimens we collected contained 46 large sized eggs with an ~
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E3117DFF82FB2DF861E12F0FC4" box="[1215,1306,1926,1952]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="541" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
average in diameter. Although no more juveniles were found inside the shell or the back of a female adult, these large eggs add to Barnard’s observation of glaucothoë stage post-larvae living inside the gastropod shell used as housing. The specimens we found carried shells that seemed enormous for such a small crab, and the free space in the spire of the gastropod shell provides a safe environment for the post-larvae to grow to juvenile stages (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA9983117AFF85FB1DFF5CE12608B1" box="[1167,1299,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[226,1361,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924: A, mesial and B, lateral view of right cheliped (in alcohol), male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; C dorsal view of male paratype (pleon missing), 16.5 mm, SAMC 1541; D, shield, dorsal view of the same as C; E, three-dimensional reconstruction of microCT scan, male 9.0 mm, SAMC A066204; F, specimen in life extended from shell (in tank), male 14.3 mm, SAMC A066603; G, specimen in natural habitat, Millers Point, False Bay, Cape Town; H, specimen in tank eating Cape Urchin (identity unclear), ~9.5 mm, USNM 1292096. Photographs F, G, by Craig Foster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268878/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">Figs. 6F–H</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117AFF85FF55FF39E64A0A59" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FF55FF39E67D089D" bold="true" box="[199,584,222,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">Ecological and behavioral notes.</emphasis>
|
||
The preference of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FC89FF38E038089D" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[795,1037,223,249]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FC89FF38E038089D" box="[795,1037,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for heavy, thick and usually greatly oversized shells is noteworthy, and this behaviour is indeed the best way to locate adult specimens in the field. Smaller individuals are probably overlooked among other hermit crab species. In the waters around
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A5554BE4117AFF85FA88FEC0E1610925" box="[1306,1364,295,321]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
Town
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FF05FEACE5000901" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,309,331,357]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FF05FEACE5000901" box="[151,309,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
co-occurs with several other paguroids, of which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FCEAFEACE1A90901" authority="(H. Milne Edwards, 1836)" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[888,1436,331,357]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Paguristes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FCEAFEACE0530900" box="[888,1126,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">Paguristes gamianus</emphasis>
|
||
(H.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117AFF85FB0FFEACE1A10901" author="Milne Edwards, H." box="[1181,1428,331,357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" pagination="257 - 288" refId="ref9239" refString="Milne Edwards, H. (1836) Observations zoologiques sur les Pagures et description d'un nouveau genre de la tribu des Paguriens. Annales des Sciences Naturelle Zoologie, Paris, Series 2, 6, 257 - 288." type="journal article" year="1836">Milne Edwards, 1836</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is highly abundant but commonly occupies smaller and lighter
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FCF1FE88E01309ED" box="[867,1062,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">Bunupena, Turbo</emphasis>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FBDCFE88E0A709ED" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1833" box="[1102,1170,367,393]" class="Gastropoda" family="Nassariidae" genus="Bullia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FBDCFE88E0A709ED" box="[1102,1170,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">Bullia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shells despite a similar adult body size. From our experience in the field, inhabited shells larger than
|
||
<quantity id="A06928E3117AFF85FB97FE74E05609C9" box="[1029,1123,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
|
||
are nearly always occupied by
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FF2EFE50E55709B5" box="[188,354,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FF2EFE50E56B09B5" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[188,350,439,465]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">C. makrothrix</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The thick and strongly developed pereopods allow them to even climb highest or vertical reef structures. The habit of using heavy and difficult-to-carry petricolous dwellings might explain the evolutionary adaptation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FEA2FE18E5F90A7D" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[304,460,511,537]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FEA2FE18E5F90A7D" box="[304,460,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to easily carry these large and thicker gastropod housings, a specialization that is likely to provide better protection from predation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117AFF85FF55FDA0E6350B5D" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">
|
||
The shells
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FED3FDA0E6060A05" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[321,563,583,609]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FED3FDA0E6060A05" box="[321,563,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occupies in False Bay are generally overgrown by and/or pervaded by boring invertebrates and a detailed study of the associated fauna would make an intriguing study on its own. Additionally, the preference of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FECEFD68E5CD0ACD" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[348,504,655,681]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FECEFD68E5CD0ACD" box="[348,504,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of large homes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA9983117AFF85FD27FD68E7120ACD" box="[693,807,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[226,1361,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924: A, mesial and B, lateral view of right cheliped (in alcohol), male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; C dorsal view of male paratype (pleon missing), 16.5 mm, SAMC 1541; D, shield, dorsal view of the same as C; E, three-dimensional reconstruction of microCT scan, male 9.0 mm, SAMC A066204; F, specimen in life extended from shell (in tank), male 14.3 mm, SAMC A066603; G, specimen in natural habitat, Millers Point, False Bay, Cape Town; H, specimen in tank eating Cape Urchin (identity unclear), ~9.5 mm, USNM 1292096. Photographs F, G, by Craig Foster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268878/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">Fig. 6F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
) quite literally creates, as previously noted, room for its developing young inside the shell after hatching, and the cavity provides shelter and habitat for smaller crustaceans. In fact, the collection of samples that led to this present study already led to the discovery and description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FF05FD1CE6F40B71" authority="Wittmann & Griffiths, 2017" authorityName="Wittmann & Griffiths" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,705,763,789]" class="Malacostraca" family="Mysidae" genus="Heteromysis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mysida" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cancelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FF05FD1CE5B40B71" box="[151,385,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">Heteromysis cancelli</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0300F8F7117AFF85FE15FD1CE6F40B71" author="Wittmann, K. J. & Griffiths, C. L." box="[391,705,763,789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" pagination="15 - 47" refId="ref9854" refString="Wittmann, K. J. & Griffiths, C. L. (2017) Three new species of Heteromysis (Mysida, Mysidae, Heteromysini) from the Cape Peninsula, South Africa, with first documentation of a mysid-cephalopod association. ZooKeys, 685, 15 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 685.13890" type="journal article" year="2017">Wittmann & Griffiths, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, an obligatory commensal shrimp that exclusively lives inside the shells utilized by
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FECEFCF8E6350B5D" box="[348,512,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FECEFCF8E5C90B5D" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[348,508,799,825]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">C. makrothrix</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="672E8506117AFF85FF55FCA4E5960CC5" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">
|
||
By keeping
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FEDDFCA4E6770B39" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[335,578,835,861]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FEDDFCA4E6770B39" box="[335,578,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for several months in the aquaria (
|
||
<figureCitation id="FFAA9983117AFF85FC59FCA4E0100B39" box="[971,1061,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,181,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-17@8.[226,1361,181,1850]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Cancellus makrothrix Stebbing, 1924: A, mesial and B, lateral view of right cheliped (in alcohol), male (intersex), 9.5 mm, USNM 1292096; C dorsal view of male paratype (pleon missing), 16.5 mm, SAMC 1541; D, shield, dorsal view of the same as C; E, three-dimensional reconstruction of microCT scan, male 9.0 mm, SAMC A066204; F, specimen in life extended from shell (in tank), male 14.3 mm, SAMC A066603; G, specimen in natural habitat, Millers Point, False Bay, Cape Town; H, specimen in tank eating Cape Urchin (identity unclear), ~9.5 mm, USNM 1292096. Photographs F, G, by Craig Foster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13268878" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13268878/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">Fig. 6H</figureCitation>
|
||
), it was repeatedly observed how
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FF05FC80E5060BE5" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,307,871,897]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FF05FC80E5060BE5" box="[151,307,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
climbed onto the back of a sea urchin, holding on to the urchin test with its strong legs, and one-byone clipped off and fed on the spines, tube feet, and pedicellaria. Initially we were inclined to think that the spines were only cut away to expose the tube feet for consumption, but over a period of>2 h
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FBC5FC48E0C70BAD" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[1111,1266,943,969]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FBC5FC48E0C70BAD" box="[1111,1266,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
slowly clipped away and ingested all parts. The specimen molted a short time later but it is speculative if this food preference (the animal was fed with mussel meat as well) was related to perhaps increase calcium intake. Furthermore, it remains to be discovered if this predation occurs in the wild. Given the low abundance of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FBA5FBFCE0E10C51" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[1079,1236,1051,1077]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FBA5FBFCE0E10C51" box="[1079,1236,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">C. makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it seems unlikely that this species would have any noteworthy impact on wild urchin populations.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A091FE85117AFF85FBABFBD8E1180C3D" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1924" box="[1081,1325,1087,1113]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Cancellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makrothrix">
|
||
<emphasis id="55E55914117AFF85FBABFBD8E1180C3D" box="[1081,1325,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="542">Cancellus makrothrix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be an opportunistic generalist feeder as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B82A3BA4117AFF85FDF7FB84E6F00C19" box="[613,709,1123,1149]" pageId="12" pageNumber="542" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
male specimen still has the remains of a polychaete worm held between its mouthparts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |