450 lines
32 KiB
XML
450 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1145-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" ID-ZooBank="830628C276CD4641BFC6144CD775ED6B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1145-1" checkinTime="1675506069289" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hedin, Marshal & Milne, Marc A." docDate="2023" docId="642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1145: 1-130" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1145" docPubDate="2023-02-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724" docTitle="Nesticus holsingeri Gertsch 1984" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653" masterDocTitle="New species in old mountains: integrative taxonomy reveals ten new species and extensive short-range endemism in Nesticus spiders (Araneae, Nesticidae) from the southern Appalachian Mountains" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1675506069289" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New species in old mountains: integrative taxonomy reveals ten new species and extensive short-range endemism in Nesticus spiders (Araneae, Nesticidae) from the southern Appalachian Mountains</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hedin, Marshal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182 - 4614, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mhedin@sdsu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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||
<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Milne, Marc A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1943-0161</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46227, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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||
<mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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||
</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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||
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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||
<mods:number>2023-02-03</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1145</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>130</mods:end>
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||
</mods:extent>
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||
</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
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||
<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1145-1</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">830628C276CD4641BFC6144CD775ED6B</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">ACBBD138B7375B0D9F63CE792A82F653</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="478XS" ID-ENA="44405" LSID="64203252-2D78-5347-8812-D503D29D4709" authority="Gertsch, 1984" authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus holsingeri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holsingeri">Nesticus holsingeri Gertsch, 1984</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Nesticus holsingeri. Virginia, Scott Co., Pond Cave, MCH specimen # 1780, ♂ palp, ventral (A), dorsal (B) C Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04 _ 026, ♂ palp, ventral. ♀ epigynum. Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04 _ 026, epigynum, ventral (D), dorsal (E). Scale bar: 0.5 mm. ♂ habitus images F Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04 _ 026 G Virginia, Scott Co., Pond Cave, MCH specimen # 1780. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804469" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 18A-G</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus holsingeri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holsingeri">Nesticus holsingeri</taxonomicName>
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Gertsch, 1984: 25, figs 66-67, 91-93.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Type material:
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1966-11-05" collectingDateMax="2020-06-26" collectingDateMin="1966-11-05" collectorName="J. Holsinger, S. Taylor, M. Hedin, C. Phillips, T. Malabad, Bundys Cave No., R. Reynolds, A. Malabad, Rosedale, VA, S. O'Kane, R. Keith, J. Starrett, S. Thomas" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" location="Pond Cave" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" specimenCount="49" specimenCount-female="33" specimenCount-male="16" stateProvince="Virginia" typeStatus="Holotype">
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||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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: USA -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectingRegion country="United States of America" name="Virginia">Virginia</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty>Scott Co.</collectingCounty>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:3A2D98CB4A911CB470A80FBC1E8BF68B" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Pond Cave" stateProvince="Virginia">Pond Cave</location>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1966-11-05">5 Nov. 1966</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>J. Holsinger</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>S. Taylor</collectorName>
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leg; AMNH;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:881BB6827F9758E072981118A7C2B97F" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="New" stateProvince="Virginia">New</location>
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collections from type locality
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectingCountry name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
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-
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:42F708F6FA093F809FFC24B5A4504002" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Scott Co." stateProvince="Virginia">Scott Co.</location>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">7♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:14E09D47042443D955929B402848E22C" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Pond Cave" stateProvince="Virginia">Pond Cave</location>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:124C8F95DE2C1A40E9014B1F2F8E497D" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Rye Cove" stateProvince="Virginia">Rye Cove</location>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1993-10-06">6 Oct. 1993</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>C. Phillips</collectorName>
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leg;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:19E948014A843DF5B94FF565889E8855" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Non" stateProvince="Virginia">Non</location>
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type material
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</emphasis>
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: -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:6A2FC1D1B184156E1D06EFE1F63136E5" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Russell Co." stateProvince="Virginia">Russell Co.</location>
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</emphasis>
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||
•
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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||
;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:A31EDE1A4C6FC6F20A9991625A3C9C29" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Banners Corner Cave" stateProvince="Virginia">Banners Corner Cave</location>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2017-04-10">10 Apr. 2017</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>T. Malabad</collectorName>
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leg.; •
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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||
;
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||
<collectorName>
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:F8DCD47F9F0562C389EBC249D8F370AE" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Bundys Cave" stateProvince="Virginia">
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||
Bundys
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:7254CDE12795C3263823610346C9F834" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Cave No." stateProvince="Virginia">Cave No.</location>
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</location>
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</collectorName>
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1, west of Lebanon, VA;
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<collectingDate value="2020-01-31">31 Jan. 2020</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>T. Malabad</collectorName>
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||
,
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<collectorName>R. Reynolds</collectorName>
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leg.; •
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||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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||
,
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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||
, 8 imm;
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:ACF496229597660A6923DF07E09A066E" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Concrete Tank Cave" stateProvince="Virginia">Concrete Tank Cave</location>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2017-07-24">24 Jul. 2017</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>T. Malabad</collectorName>
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leg.; •
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<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
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||
, 12 imm;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:C52B1B4B07238F2CBC54986C41760273" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Daugherty Cave" stateProvince="Virginia">Daugherty Cave</location>
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, northeast of
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<collectingCountry name="Lebanon">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
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, VA;
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<collectingDate value="2017-04-10">10 Apr. 2017</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>T. Malabad</collectorName>
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leg.; •
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<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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||
;
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:B15321B8C5DB34E44C95ED3CC5BA23A6" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Daugherty Cave" stateProvince="Virginia">Daugherty Cave</location>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2020-06-26">26 Jun. 2020</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>T. Malabad</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>A. Malabad</collectorName>
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leg.; •
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<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
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||
;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:93132E16BC109506FD81110E0F67F21A" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Ferrells Cave" stateProvince="Virginia">Ferrells Cave</location>
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, northeast of
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<collectorName>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:41802761633DD282CA64DA982BF98BC5" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Rosedale" stateProvince="Virginia">Rosedale</location>
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, VA
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</collectorName>
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||
;
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<collectingDate value="2020-06-26">26 Jun. 2020</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>T. Malabad</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>A. Malabad</collectorName>
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||
leg.; -
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||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:94719C2E3D28A7AB65839A33F0144F07" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Scott Co." stateProvince="Virginia">Scott Co.</location>
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</emphasis>
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||
•
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<specimenCount type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount type="female">11♀</specimenCount>
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||
;
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:C7D0E7D7013B0C51E89A239479DA5251" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Alley Cave" stateProvince="Virginia">Alley Cave</location>
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||
,
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<locationDeviation location="Natural Tunnel">E of Natural Tunnel</locationDeviation>
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||
SP;
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||
<collectingDate value="1992-09-19">19 Sep. 1992</collectingDate>
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||
;
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||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName>
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||
S.
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Kane">O'Kane</normalizedToken>
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||
</collectorName>
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||
leg.; •
|
||
<specimenCount>♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:A3EFAD7887E2AA13D1B4C4216EBA7FF1" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Alley Cave" stateProvince="Virginia">Alley Cave</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="1993-10-06">6 Oct. 1993</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>C. Phillips</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:F61A3FBA26061C9E09B8D4B9760B4457" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Alley Cave" stateProvince="Virginia">Alley Cave</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2005-08-22">22 Aug. 2005</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>R. Keith</collectorName>
|
||
,
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||
<collectorName>J. Starrett</collectorName>
|
||
,
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||
<collectorName>S. Thomas</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; MCH 05_072; •
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:4AEA95E39AF546B23C53F2C9A5C87C4C" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Cox Ram Pump Cave" stateProvince="Virginia">Cox Ram Pump Cave</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2016-08-03">3 Aug. 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>T. Malabad</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:CA205FB0EB4E782A5B25B2011334B800" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Washington Co." stateProvince="Virginia">Washington Co.</location>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:8A06A2D983B3BC63C044C5137D51F6D7" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Brumley Creek" stateProvince="Virginia">Brumley Creek</location>
|
||
, near
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:AE940E5FC6686BB1068B31431351B761" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Brumley Gap" stateProvince="Virginia">Brumley Gap</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="36.7933" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="36.7933">36.7933°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, -
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="82.0229" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-82.0229">82.0229°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="2004-08-07">7 Aug. 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>R. Keith</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Starrett</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>S. Thomas</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; MCH 04_026; -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:642032522D7853478812D503D29D4709:2EE7D8F8B72505D058411DB7AD8995E8" country="USA" county="Scott Co." latitude="36.7933" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-82.0229" municipality="Burton's Cave" name="Wise Co." stateProvince="Virginia">Wise Co.</location>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Burton’s">Burton's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Cave
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation location="St Paul">SW of St Paul</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="1993-10-08">8 Oct. 1993</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName>M. Hedin</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>C. Phillips</collectorName>
|
||
leg.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Strongly supported by both mitochondrial and UCE data as sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus mimus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus mimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The male tegular apophysis of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. holsingeri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holsingeri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. holsingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is shorter (nearly as wide as long) with a more pronounced narrowing tip (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Nesticus holsingeri. Virginia, Scott Co., Pond Cave, MCH specimen # 1780, ♂ palp, ventral (A), dorsal (B) C Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04 _ 026, ♂ palp, ventral. ♀ epigynum. Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04 _ 026, epigynum, ventral (D), dorsal (E). Scale bar: 0.5 mm. ♂ habitus images F Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04 _ 026 G Virginia, Scott Co., Pond Cave, MCH specimen # 1780. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804469" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
) than in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. mimus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. mimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Nesticus mimus ♂ palps. Virginia, Giles Co., Straley's Cave # 1, MCH specimen # 1396, dorsal (A), ventral (B) C Tennessee, Johnson Co., Backbone Rock Recreational Area, MCH 04 _ 025, ventral. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804470" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus holsingeri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holsingeri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus holsingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
epigyna are more squarish and lack conspicuous elongate spermathecae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Nesticus holsingeri. Virginia, Scott Co., Pond Cave, MCH specimen # 1780, ♂ palp, ventral (A), dorsal (B) C Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04 _ 026, ♂ palp, ventral. ♀ epigynum. Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04 _ 026, epigynum, ventral (D), dorsal (E). Scale bar: 0.5 mm. ♂ habitus images F Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04 _ 026 G Virginia, Scott Co., Pond Cave, MCH specimen # 1780. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804469" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
), as compared to longer (anterior to posterior)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. mimus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. mimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
epigyna with conspicuous elongate spermathecae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Nesticus mimus epigynal variation. Virginia, Giles Co., Straley's Cave # 1, MCH specimen # 1399, ventral (A), dorsal (B). Virginia, Washington Co., Neal's Sinks, MCH specimen # 1430, ventral (C), dorsal (D). Virginia, Smyth Co., near Hurricane CG, MCH 07 _ 087, ventral (E), dorsal (F). Tennessee, Johnson Co., Backbone Rock Recreational Area, MCH 04 _ 025, ventral (G), dorsal (H). Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804471" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">20A-H</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804469" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 18" startId="F18">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 18.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus holsingeri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holsingeri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus holsingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Virginia, Scott Co., Pond Cave, MCH specimen #1780, ♂ palp, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04_026, ♂ palp, ventral. ♀ epigynum. Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04_026, epigynum, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
). Scale bar: 0.5 mm. ♂ habitus images
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04_026
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
Virginia, Scott Co., Pond Cave, MCH specimen #1780. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804470" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 19" startId="F19">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 19.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus mimus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus mimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ palps. Virginia, Giles Co.,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Straley’s">Straley's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Cave #1, MCH specimen #1396, dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
), ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
Tennessee, Johnson Co., Backbone Rock Recreational Area, MCH 04_025, ventral. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804471" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 20" startId="F20">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 20.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus mimus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus mimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
epigynal variation. Virginia, Giles Co.,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Straley’s">Straley's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Cave #1, MCH specimen #1399, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
). Virginia, Washington Co.,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Neal’s">Neal's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Sinks, MCH specimen #1430, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
). Virginia, Smyth Co., near Hurricane CG, MCH 07_087, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
). Tennessee, Johnson Co., Backbone Rock Recreational Area, MCH 04_025, ventral (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
), dorsal (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
). Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
This species exhibits interesting variation in somatic morphology. Specimens from Pond Cave are pale and long-legged with reduced eye pigmentation, specimens from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Burton’s">Burton's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Cave and Alley Cave are pale and long-legged but with well-developed eyes, and specimens from the surface Brumley Creek population exhibit an
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“epigean”">"epigean"</normalizedToken>
|
||
habitus, with dark abdomens, shorter legs, and well-developed eyes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Nesticus holsingeri. Virginia, Scott Co., Pond Cave, MCH specimen # 1780, ♂ palp, ventral (A), dorsal (B) C Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04 _ 026, ♂ palp, ventral. ♀ epigynum. Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04 _ 026, epigynum, ventral (D), dorsal (E). Scale bar: 0.5 mm. ♂ habitus images F Virginia, Washington Co., Brumley Creek, MCH 04 _ 026 G Virginia, Scott Co., Pond Cave, MCH specimen # 1780. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804469" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">18F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Minimal genitalic variation was observed across sample locations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Known only from a small area in southwestern Virginia, in the upper Clinch River drainage basin (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Nesticus tennesseensis group species. Type localities designated with yellow circles. State boundaries and major cities shown for geographic context. Dashed lines circumscribe known species distributions." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1145.96724.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/804464" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">13</figureCitation>
|
||
). All known records are from limestone caves, except for the Brumley Creek population where spiders were collected from under surface rocks in a moist, north-facing stream valley. This species has been collected in near syntopy with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Emerton" authorityYear="1875" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nesticus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nesticus carteri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carteri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nesticus carteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Alley Cave, Virginia. At this site
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. carteri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carteri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. carteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found under rocks in talus in a sink leading to the cave entrance, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. holsingeri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="holsingeri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. holsingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has only been collected from the dark zone of the cave.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The variation in degree of troglomorphy within this single species suggests that this character suite (eye development, pigmentation, leg length, etc.) can evolve relatively rapidly, as seen in other cave spider taxa (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/IS07015" author="Arnedo, MA" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination=": 623" refId="B1" refString="Arnedo, MA, Oromi, P, Murria, C, Macias-Hernandez, N, Ribera, C, 2007. The dark side of an island radiation: systematics and evolution of troglobitic spiders of the genus Dysdera Latreille (Araneae: Dysderidae) in the Canary Islands. Invertebrate Systematics 21 (6): 623, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/IS07015" title="The dark side of an island radiation: systematics and evolution of troglobitic spiders of the genus Dysdera Latreille (Araneae: Dysderidae) in the Canary Islands." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/IS07015" volume="21" year="2007">Arnedo et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |