300 lines
36 KiB
XML
300 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="D4BBD6BBA01AA83794BCAE5EADD3649A" ID-CLB-Dataset="27893" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4526.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4d211ac6-cbb8-4ef7-b710-44d4f34873ef" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2611359" ID-ZooBank="028FC5EA-7123-4F3A-B6C4-5EBE57ADBE23" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553697037932" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Maggioni, Tamara, Taverna, Anabela, Reyna, Paola B., Alurralde, Gastón, Rimondino, Clara & Tatián, Marcos" docDate="2018" docId="A0769C75756CFFB30BB63441105032FD" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4526.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4526 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Molgula pyriformis Herdman 1881" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="5C4FE40D7579FFA50B2135631216313A" masterDocTitle="Deep-sea ascidians (Chordata, Tunicata) from the SW Atlantic: species richness with descriptions of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1698714174642" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="5E874D3CD066912B8C393200926CA7FC">Deep-sea ascidians (Chordata, Tunicata) from the SW Atlantic: species richness with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="44EC50298E6288D043F2B12BE9AE7AA8">Maggioni, Tamara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C382B083C20E68E148DC61E9391DD92D">Taverna, Anabela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9DA12D819980C03CF8B0BF579FAF69B5">Reyna, Paola B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CC26932ADAD9D1B20EB1DFF287E2E07C">Alurralde, Gastón</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2D5CDCEF2F411C712836E05C68555D5C">Rimondino, Clara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="71E7515372E2057B5636D71BD95FFA63">Tatián, Marcos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C6A9168989E022163BD0D15F7FAB0B63">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="43A4C1BE27564C46DA0C6D2FFC775AC0">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BBB4C01A3A54A33D39D958C14BD48E84">2018-11-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B35E47DB7FA08C1A195C2FC508324B33">4526</mods:number>
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<treatment id="A0769C75756CFFB30BB63441105032FD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5995360" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154507595" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5995360" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A0769C75756CFFB30BB63441105032FD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A0769C75756CFFB30BB63441105032FD" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection id="60C57EE8756CFFB00BB63441105D3006" box="[151,587,290,316]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="28602D63756CFFB00BB63441105D3006" blockId="21.[151,587,290,316]" box="[151,587,290,316]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<heading id="73289A0F756CFFB00BB63441105D3006" bold="true" box="[151,587,290,316]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756CFFB00BB63441105D3006" ID-CoL="43VHT" authority="Herdman, 1881" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,587,290,316]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
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<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00BB63441105D3006" bold="true" box="[151,587,290,316]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00BB6344113943006" bold="true" box="[151,386,290,316]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Molgula pyriformis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756CFFB00AA83441105D3006" author="Herdman, W. A." box="[393,587,290,316]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="52 - 58" refId="ref12635" refString="Herdman, W. A. (1881) Preliminary report on the Tunicata of the Challenger Expedition. Part III. Cynthidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 11 (3), 52 - 58." type="journal article" year="1881">Herdman, 1881</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="60C57EE8756CFFB00BB6340A10DB30E1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="28602D63756CFFB00BB6340A10AA30A4" blockId="21.[151,1436,361,475]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00BB6340A131B3045" bold="true" box="[151,269,361,383]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">References</emphasis>
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||
:
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||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756CFFB00A3B340A10A03045" ID-CoL="43VHT" authority="Herdman 1881: 236" authorityName="Herdman" authorityPageNumber="236" authorityYear="1881" box="[282,694,361,383]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
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<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00A3B340A13F63045" box="[282,480,361,383]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Molgula pyriformis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756CFFB00AC6340A10943045" author="Herdman, W. A." box="[487,642,361,383]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="52 - 58" refId="ref12635" refString="Herdman, W. A. (1881) Preliminary report on the Tunicata of the Challenger Expedition. Part III. Cynthidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 11 (3), 52 - 58." type="journal article" year="1881">Herdman 1881</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 236
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756CFFB009E0340A114B3045" author="Herdman, W. A." box="[705,861,361,383]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 296" refId="ref12676" refString="Herdman, W. A. (1882) Report on the Tunicata collected during the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76; Part I. Ascidiae simplices. Report of the Scientific Results of the Uoyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76, 6 (17), 1 - 296." type="journal article" year="1882">Herdman 1882</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 79: pl. 6, fig. 1–3;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756CFFB00F07340A17243045" author="Monniot, F. & Monniot, C." box="[1062,1330,361,383]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="671 - 680" refId="ref14010" refString="Monniot, F. & Monniot, C. (1976) Quelques ascidies bathyales et abyssales du Sud Est Atlantique. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Zoologie, 387 (269), 671 - 680." type="journal article" year="1976">Monniot & Monniot 1976</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 652–655, fig. 11–12;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756CFFB00A1A34EB105030A4" author="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F." box="[315,582,392,414]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 168" refId="ref13783" refString="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: Morphologie et Biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">Monniot & Monniot 1983</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 101 (part).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="28602D63756CFFB00BB634C410DB30E1" blockId="21.[151,1436,361,475]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="08CF0A4D756CFFB00BB634C410DB30E1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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not
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||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756CFFB00B9E34C513833086" ID-CoL="43VGM" box="[191,405,422,444]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malvinensis">
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||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00B9E34C513833086" box="[191,405,422,444]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Molgula malvinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="A97E0B72756CFFB00ABC34C510F93086" author="Arnback-Christie-Linde, A." box="[413,751,422,444]" page="5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1938">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756CFFB00ABC34C510C33086" author="Arnback-Christie-Linde, A." box="[413,725,422,444]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref12112" refString="Arnback-Christie-Linde, A. (1938) Ascidiacea. Part 2. Further zoological Results of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 3 (4), 1 - 54." type="journal article" year="1938">Ärnbäck-Christie-Linde, 1938</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 5
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 1, fig. 1–3;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A97E0B72756CFFB008BB34C516473086" author="Millar, R. H." box="[922,1105,422,444]" page="132" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1960">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756CFFB008BB34C5160B3086" author="Millar, R. H." box="[922,1053,422,444]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref13509" refString="Millar, R. H. (1960) Ascidiacea. Discovery Reports, 30, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1960">Millar, 1960</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 132
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 57;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="A97E0B72756CFFB00F9134C417423086" author="Kott, P." box="[1200,1364,422,444]" page="149" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1969">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756CFFB00F9134C417343086" author="Kott, P." box="[1200,1314,422,444]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 239" refId="ref12899" refString="Kott, P. (1969) Antarctic Ascidiacea. Antarctic Research Series, 13, 1 - 239." type="journal article" year="1969">Kott, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 149
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A97E0B72756CFFB00BE634A6136D30E1" author="Millar, R. H." box="[199,379,453,475]" page="140" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1970">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756CFFB00BE634A6135F30E1" author="Millar, R. H." box="[199,329,453,475]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="99 - 159" refId="ref13529" refString="Millar, R. H. (1970) Ascidians, including specimens from the deep sea, collected by R. V. ' Vema' and now in the American Museum of Natural History. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 49, 99 - 159. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1970. tb 00732. x" type="journal article" year="1970">Millar, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 140
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A97E0B72756CFFB00AA434A610DF30E1" author="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F." box="[389,713,453,475]" page="101" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1983">
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<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756CFFB00AA434A6108030E1" author="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F." box="[389,662,453,475]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 168" refId="ref13783" refString="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: Morphologie et Biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">Monniot & Monniot, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 101
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="60C57EE8756CFFB30BB63764136D30B2" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="28602D63756CFFB00BB63764112C33B6" blockId="21.[151,1436,519,653]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00BB637641393331A" bold="true" box="[151,389,519,544]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
Seven individuals; net; -37.9951 lat. -54.6975 long. (station 7);
|
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<quantity id="EF278086756CFFB00F4E376416AD3325" box="[1135,1211,519,544]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.52" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="852.0">852 m</quantity>
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;
|
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<date id="5C610BA3756CFFB00FE8376B1769331A" box="[1225,1407,520,544]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2012-08-11">11 August 2012</date>
|
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— Two individuals; trawl; -37.9876 lat. -54.6906 long. (station 8);
|
||
<quantity id="EF278086756CFFB00843374F11BD337E" box="[866,939,556,581]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.54" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="854.0">854 m</quantity>
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;
|
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<date id="5C610BA3756CFFB00896374F1671337E" box="[951,1127,556,580]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2012-08-11">11 August 2012</date>
|
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—Four individuals; trawl; - 37.9651 lat. -54.5320 long. (station 10);
|
||
<quantity id="EF278086756CFFB0094B373310D5335D" box="[618,707,592,616]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.144" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1144.0">1144 m</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="5C610BA3756CFFB009F0373311903352" box="[721,902,592,616]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2012-08-11">11 August 2012</date>
|
||
—Two individuals; net; -38.0164 lat. -54.5054 long. (station 9);
|
||
<quantity id="EF278086756CFFB00A79371713A633B6" box="[344,432,628,653]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0059999999999998" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="1006.0">1006 m</quantity>
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||
;
|
||
<date id="5C610BA3756CFFB00A9A3717107B33B6" box="[443,621,628,652]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2012-08-11">11 August 2012</date>
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0E431E6756CFFB0095D371710E533B6" box="[636,755,628,653]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1365,1387]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,705,1344]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,705,1344]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 13. Molgula pyriformis Herdman, 1881. A: right gonad; B: left gonad." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611387/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figures 13</figureCitation>
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||
A–B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7CA07DEB756CFFB00BB6303611DE3451" box="[151,968,1365,1387]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611387/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" startId="21.[151,250,1365,1387]" targetBox="[155,1436,705,1344]" targetPageId="21">
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<paragraph id="28602D63756CFFB00BB6303611DE3451" blockId="21.[151,968,1365,1387]" box="[151,968,1365,1387]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00BB6303613093451" bold="true" box="[151,287,1365,1387]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756CFFB00A04303610843451" authority="Herdman, 1881" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1881" box="[293,658,1365,1387]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00A04303613FA3451" box="[293,492,1365,1387]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Molgula pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||
Herdman, 1881
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A: right gonad; B: left gonad.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="28602D63756CFFB00BE630F110C036FD" blockId="21.[151,1437,1426,2027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Individuals are spherical, olive-shaped. The mean size of the specimens was
|
||
<quantity id="EF278086756CFFB00F0830F016603490" box="[1065,1142,1427,1451]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="cm" value="1.2">1.2 cm</quantity>
|
||
long by
|
||
<quantity id="EF278086756CFFB00FFB30F117313490" box="[1242,1319,1426,1451]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide, and the oral and atrial apertures were separated approximately
|
||
<quantity id="EF278086756CFFB0087430D411B134F4" box="[853,935,1463,1487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="cm" value="0.9">0.9 cm</quantity>
|
||
from each other. The tunic is completely embedded with rests of sand and fragments of algae and sea shells. Thin and evenly distributed hair-like processes also cover the totality of the body. Once all the external material is removed, the tunic appears delicate and transparent. The oral and atrial apertures have six pointed lobes. There is a short oral velum that may be smooth or bear small papillae. Seven two-sized oral tentacles of the third order are placed in a single circle alternately with numerous minute ones. One of the bigger tentacles is situated exactly in the mid-dorsal line. The slightly undulated pre-pharyngeal band lies away from the tentacular circle. It forms a deep V that surrounds the dorsal tubercle and part of the neural ganglion. The dorsal tubercle is “funnel-shaped” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756CFFB008B633D1165337F1" author="Herdman, W. A." box="[919,1093,1714,1739]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="52 - 58" refId="ref12635" refString="Herdman, W. A. (1881) Preliminary report on the Tunicata of the Challenger Expedition. Part III. Cynthidae. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 11 (3), 52 - 58." type="journal article" year="1881">Herdman 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The broad dorsal lamina has smooth margins and extends until the entrance of the esophagus. The musculature is composed of a series of strong longitudinal fibers that radiate from both apertures and extend until the mid-ventral side of the body (from 24 to 27 per aperture), two dorsal muscular bands that enclose the neural complex, thin and densely packed circular muscles, and a series of short latero-dorsal fascicles unevenly distributed. The branchial sac bears seven folds on the right side and six on the left. The stigmata are long and curved, forming spirals at the top of the infundibula. The number of infundibula per fold ranges from seven to nine and may be single or double. The branchial formula on the right side of one of the biggest specimens is:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="28602D63756CFFB00BE632B0106836D1" blockId="21.[151,1437,1426,2027]" box="[199,638,2002,2027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
E-0-
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00BD832B1131136D1" bold="true" box="[249,263,2002,2027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">5</emphasis>
|
||
-0-
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00A0632B1132336D1" bold="true" box="[295,309,2002,2027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">7</emphasis>
|
||
-0-
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00A7732B1137236D1" bold="true" box="[342,356,2002,2027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">9</emphasis>
|
||
-0-
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00AA532B113B636D1" bold="true" box="[388,416,2002,2027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">10</emphasis>
|
||
-0-
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00AE032B113CC36D1" bold="true" box="[449,474,2002,2027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">11</emphasis>
|
||
-0-
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB00ADD32B1101C36D1" bold="true" box="[508,522,2002,2027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">9</emphasis>
|
||
-0-
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756CFFB0090A32B1102F36D1" bold="true" box="[555,569,2002,2027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">8</emphasis>
|
||
-0-DL
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="28602D63756FFFB30BE635F4136D30B2" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
The short esophagus connects with a stomach completely covered with liver lobes. The intestine is long. The primary intestinal loop forms an open curve, while the secondary loop forms a semicircle that runs adjacent to the stomach. The border of the anus is smooth. There are two elongated S-shaped gonads on each side of the body. The pear-shaped testes are distributed on the margins, while the ova reside in the center. They extend until the distal bend of the primary intestinal loop, never superpassing it (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0E431E6756FFFB3080134441165307A" box="[800,883,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1365,1387]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,705,1344]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,705,1344]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 13. Molgula pyriformis Herdman, 1881. A: right gonad; B: left gonad." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611387/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figs 13</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B). The oviducts are thick and long, extending almost until the atrial aperture. The vas deferens, on the contrary, is short. There is a narrow atrial velum whose margins are smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="60C57EE8756FFFB30BE634F7105032FD" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="28602D63756FFFB30BE634F7105032FD" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB30BE634F7132D3097" bold="true" box="[199,315,404,429]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB30A6534F710343096" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1881" box="[324,546,404,428]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB30A6534F710343096" box="[324,546,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Molgula pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles the closely related species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB308FB34F716D03096" box="[986,1222,404,428]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malvinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB308FB34F716D03096" box="[986,1222,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Molgula malvinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ärnbäck-Christie-
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756FFFB30BB634D4133630EA" author="Arnback-Christie-Linde, A." box="[151,288,439,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref12112" refString="Arnback-Christie-Linde, A. (1938) Ascidiacea. Part 2. Further zoological Results of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 3 (4), 1 - 54." type="journal article" year="1938">Linde, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB30A7A34DB111130EA" authority="Traustedt, 1883" authorityName="Traustedt" authorityYear="1883" box="[347,775,439,464]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB30A7A34DB105C30EA" box="[347,586,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Molgula occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756FFFB3097234D4111130EA" author="Traustedt, M. P. A." box="[595,775,439,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="108 - 136" refId="ref15357" refString="Traustedt, M. P. A. (1883) Vestindiske Ascidiae Simplices, Anden Afdeling. Molgulidae og Cynthiadae. Uidenskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening ann. 1882, 108 - 136." type="journal article" year="1883">Traustedt, 1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756FFFB3089334D4165830EA" author="Millar, R. H." box="[946,1102,439,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref13509" refString="Millar, R. H. (1960) Ascidiacea. Discovery Reports, 30, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1960">Millar (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the main characteristics that separate them rely on the structure of the gonads, the shape of the intestinal loop and the dorsal tubercle opening. On the distinction between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB30AE9376210643322" box="[456,626,512,536]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malvinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB30AE9376210643322" box="[456,626,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. malvinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB30986376216943322" authority=", Monniot & Monniot (1976)" authorityName=", Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="1976" box="[679,1154,511,536]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB30986376211563322" box="[679,832,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756FFFB3086C349C16943322" author="Monniot, F. & Monniot, C." box="[845,1154,511,536]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="671 - 680" refId="ref14010" refString="Monniot, F. & Monniot, C. (1976) Quelques ascidies bathyales et abyssales du Sud Est Atlantique. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Zoologie, 387 (269), 671 - 680." type="journal article" year="1976">Monniot & Monniot (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
agreed, claiming that the fundamental difference was found on the structure of the gonads (with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB308C7374616823306" box="[998,1172,548,572]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malvinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB308C7374616823306" box="[998,1172,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. malvinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presenting more male follicles on each gonad). However, on the revision of the species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756FFFB3085637241689335A" author="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F." box="[887,1183,583,608]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 168" refId="ref13783" refString="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: Morphologie et Biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">Monniot & Monniot 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the authors proposed instead the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB30A8F370E104E33BE" box="[430,600,620,644]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malvinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB30A8F370E104E33BE" box="[430,600,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. malvinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB309B7370E112633BE" authorityName=", Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="1976" box="[662,816,620,644]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB309B7370E112633BE" box="[662,816,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Subsequent sampling in the SW Atlantic enabled us to reject the latter proposition and support the decision of maintaining both as separate species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756FFFB30F8937F317423392" author="Taverna, A." box="[1192,1364,656,680]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref15235" refString="Taverna, A. (2013) Riqueza de ascidias de la Plataforma de Tierra del Fuego, colectadas durante la campana CONCACEN II del BO " Puerto Deseado ". Tesis de grado, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Argentina, 60 pp." type="book" year="2013">Taverna (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found six individuals which were identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB3094A37D6110133F6" box="[619,791,692,716]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malvinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB3094A37D6110133F6" box="[619,791,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. malvinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in an area close to its
|
||
<typeStatus id="F76493C1756FFFB30F0237D6164533F7" box="[1059,1107,693,717]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
|
||
location (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50C86DF3756FFFB30FE937D7172633F7" box="[1224,1328,692,717]" name="Falkland Islands" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Malvinas</collectingCountry>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50C86DF3756FFFB30E1937D712FE33CA" name="Falkland Islands" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Falkland Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and in a similar depth range (
|
||
<quantity id="EF278086756FFFB3094637B410F533CA" box="[615,739,727,752]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.65" metricValueMax="12.8" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="96.5" valueMax="128.0" valueMin="65.0">65–128 m</quantity>
|
||
). Additionally, all of our specimens present the characters mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756FFFB30A18379F13C7322F" author="Millar, R. H." box="[313,465,764,789]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref13509" refString="Millar, R. H. (1960) Ascidiacea. Discovery Reports, 30, 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1960">Millar (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB309AF379E113E322E" authorityName=", Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="1976" box="[654,808,764,788]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB309AF379E113E322E" box="[654,808,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Our specimens were also found in an area close to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="F76493C1756FFFB30BB6364312D13202" box="[151,199,800,824]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of the latter (off
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA1BE381756FFFB30AFF364310613202" box="[478,631,799,824]" country="Argentina" name="Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Buenos Aires</collectingRegion>
|
||
) and in a similar depth range (
|
||
<quantity id="EF278086756FFFB308E93643164C3202" box="[968,1114,800,824]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.985" metricValueMax="10.97" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="598.5" valueMax="1097.0" valueMin="100.0">100–1097 m</quantity>
|
||
). In this way, we believe that the range of distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB30AC2362610943266" authorityName=", Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="1976" box="[483,642,836,860]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB30AC2362610943266" box="[483,642,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is restricted to the north of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50C86DF3756FFFB308FD3627166D3267" box="[988,1147,836,861]" name="Argentina" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">the Argentine</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea, while the range of distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB30A67360A13E232BA" box="[326,500,872,896]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malvinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB30A67360A13E232BA" box="[326,500,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. malvinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
extends from the south of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50C86DF3756FFFB3081B360411C032BA" box="[826,982,871,896]" name="Argentina" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">the Argentine</collectingCountry>
|
||
Sea to the north of the South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50C86DF3756FFFB30E69360412FC329F" name="United Kingdom" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Orkney Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Thus, the only specimen found in the Southern Ocean classified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB308CB36EE1693329E" authorityName=", Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="1976" box="[1002,1157,908,932]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB308CB36EE1693329E" box="[1002,1157,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E5092756FFFB30F8E36EF12C432F2" author="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F." pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 168" refId="ref13783" refString="Monniot, C. & Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: Morphologie et Biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">Monniot & Monniot, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, might belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E0756FFFB30AB436D2102932F2" box="[405,575,944,968]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Molgulidae" genus="Molgula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stolidobranchia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malvinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1AABF171756FFFB30AB436D2102932F2" box="[405,575,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. malvinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |