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<document id="A0EB3EF573975AE5B7CA31CCF1A2DF13" ID-CLB-Dataset="27893" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4526.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4d211ac6-cbb8-4ef7-b710-44d4f34873ef" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2611359" ID-ZooBank="028FC5EA-7123-4F3A-B6C4-5EBE57ADBE23" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553697037932" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Maggioni, Tamara, Taverna, Anabela, Reyna, Paola B., Alurralde, Gastón, Rimondino, Clara &amp; Tatián, Marcos" docDate="2018" docId="A0769C757569FFB50BB637AF11CF3720" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4526.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4526 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ascidia meridionalis Herdman 1880" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="5C4FE40D7579FFA50B2135631216313A" masterDocTitle="Deep-sea ascidians (Chordata, Tunicata) from the SW Atlantic: species richness with descriptions of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698714174642" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="87B2EE5E8516E0954CB765BE35E437D2">Deep-sea ascidians (Chordata, Tunicata) from the SW Atlantic: species richness with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="60C57EE87569FFB50BB637AF104E33DC" box="[151,600,716,742]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="28602D637569FFB50BB637AF104E33DC" blockId="16.[151,600,716,742]" box="[151,600,716,742]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="73289A0F7569FFB50BB637AF104E33DC" bold="true" box="[151,600,716,742]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E07569FFB50BB637AF104E33DC" authority="Herdman, 1880" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1880" box="[151,600,716,742]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
<emphasis id="1AABF1717569FFB50BB637AF104E33DC" bold="true" box="[151,600,716,742]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="1AABF1717569FFB50BB637AF139933DC" bold="true" box="[151,399,716,742]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ascidia meridionalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E50927569FFB50AB737AF104E33DC" author="Herdman, W. A." box="[406,600,716,742]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="714 - 726" refId="ref12588" refString="Herdman, W. A. (1880) Preliminary report on the Tunicata of the Challenger Expedition. Part II. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 10, 714 - 726. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0370164600044606" type="journal article" year="1880">Herdman, 1880</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="60C57EE87569FFB50BB6367116573212" box="[151,1089,786,808]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="28602D637569FFB50BB6367116573212" blockId="16.[151,1089,786,808]" box="[151,1089,786,808]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="1AABF1717569FFB50BB63671131B3212" bold="true" box="[151,269,786,808]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">References</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E07569FFB50A3B367110D63212" authority="Herdman 1880: 465" authorityName="Herdman" authorityPageNumber="465" authorityYear="1880" box="[282,704,786,808]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
<emphasis id="1AABF1717569FFB50A3B367113FA3212" box="[282,492,786,808]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ascidia meridionalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E50927569FFB50AD33671109B3212" author="Herdman, W. A." box="[498,653,786,808]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="714 - 726" refId="ref12588" refString="Herdman, W. A. (1880) Preliminary report on the Tunicata of the Challenger Expedition. Part II. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 10, 714 - 726. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0370164600044606" type="journal article" year="1880">Herdman 1880</bibRefCitation>
: 465
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E50927569FFB509EB367111803212" author="Monniot, F. &amp; Dettai, A. &amp; Eleaume, M. &amp; Cruaud, C. &amp; Ameziane N." box="[714,918,786,808]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref14094" refString="Monniot, F., Dettai, A., Eleaume, M., Cruaud, C. &amp; Ameziane N. (2011) Antarctic Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French- Australian survey CEAMARC in Terre Adelie. Zootaxa, 2817, 1 - 54." type="journal article" year="2011">
Monniot
<emphasis id="1AABF1717569FFB50809367011423212" box="[808,852,786,808]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
: 22 (synonymy).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="60C57EE87569FFB50BB6363611FF35C0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="28602D637569FFB50BB63636115F32E0" blockId="16.[151,1436,853,1562]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="1AABF1717569FFB50BB63636136C3254" bold="true" box="[151,378,853,878]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Material examined</emphasis>
: One individual; trawl; -37.9951 lat. -54.6975 long. (station 7);
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;
<date id="5C610BA37569FFB50F863635174D3254" box="[1191,1371,853,878]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2012-08-11">11 August 2012</date>
—Six individuals; trawl; -37.9876 lat. -54.6906 long. (station 8);
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;
<date id="5C610BA37569FFB5088E3619167F32A8" box="[943,1129,889,914]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2012-08-11">11 August 2012</date>
—Six individuals; trawl; - 38.0083 lat. -54.4178 long. (station 11);
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;
<date id="5C610BA37569FFB509F136FD1191328C" box="[720,903,926,950]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2012-08-12">12 August 2012</date>
—Two individuals; net; -37.9548 lat. -54.3909 long. (station 12);
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;
<date id="5C610BA37569FFB50AE836A1106A32E0" box="[457,636,962,986]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2012-08-12">12 August 2012</date>
(
<figureCitation id="B0E431E67569FFB509AA36A2111432E0" box="[651,770,961,986]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1328,1350]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1307]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1307]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ascidia meridionalis Herdman, 1880. A: individual without tunic; B: oral tentacles, dorsal tubercle and prepharyngeal band; C: detail of branchial sac: stigmata and papillae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611381/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figures 10</figureCitation>
AC).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="28602D637569FFB50BE6368611FF35C0" blockId="16.[151,1436,853,1562]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
The specimens are oval in shape and measure
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in length (
<figureCitation id="B0E431E67569FFB50F213686167C32C4" box="[1024,1130,997,1022]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1328,1350]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1307]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1307]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ascidia meridionalis Herdman, 1880. A: individual without tunic; B: oral tentacles, dorsal tubercle and prepharyngeal band; C: detail of branchial sac: stigmata and papillae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611381/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
). A single row of 28 to 54 filiform and simple oral tentacles are placed in alternated sizes on a wide oral velum (
<figureCitation id="B0E431E67569FFB50F57316A16C93518" box="[1142,1247,1033,1058]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1328,1350]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1307]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1307]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ascidia meridionalis Herdman, 1880. A: individual without tunic; B: oral tentacles, dorsal tubercle and prepharyngeal band; C: detail of branchial sac: stigmata and papillae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611381/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
). A small dorsal tubercle opens in a wide U or V, with slightly rolled horns. The branchial sac extends down to the body end, covering the entire digestive system. A specimen (nine cm in length) presented 70 longitudinal vessels on its right side and 60 on its left side. The stigmata range from five to ten per mesh. There are crooked branchial papillae at the intersection of every longitudinal and transverse vessel. Intermediate simple papillae are very frequent although not constant (
<figureCitation id="B0E431E67569FFB50A1131DE138E35EC" box="[304,408,1213,1238]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1328,1350]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1307]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1307]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Ascidia meridionalis Herdman, 1880. A: individual without tunic; B: oral tentacles, dorsal tubercle and prepharyngeal band; C: detail of branchial sac: stigmata and papillae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2611381/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
). The border of the anus is simple and ends at the level of the top of the primary intestinal loop. The gonads and ramified gonoducts lie on top of the digestive system.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="60C57EE87569FFB50BE6306611CF3720" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="28602D637569FFB50BE6306610CB34CC" blockId="16.[151,1436,853,1562]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="1AABF1717569FFB50BE63066132D3424" bold="true" box="[199,315,1285,1310]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E07569FFB50A603066103F3427" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1880" box="[321,553,1285,1309]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
<emphasis id="1AABF1717569FFB50A603066103F3427" box="[321,553,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ascidia meridionalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles the closely allied species
<taxonomicName id="EFDF56E07569FFB508E23065170F3424" authority="Herdman, 1882" authorityName="Herdman" authorityYear="1882" box="[963,1305,1285,1310]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Ascidiidae" genus="Ascidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="challengeri">
<emphasis id="1AABF1717569FFB508E2306516743427" box="[963,1122,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. challengeri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E50927569FFB50F493066170F3424" author="Herdman, W. A." box="[1128,1305,1285,1310]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 296" refId="ref12676" refString="Herdman, W. A. (1882) Report on the Tunicata collected during the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76; Part I. Ascidiae simplices. Report of the Scientific Results of the Uoyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76, 6 (17), 1 - 296." type="journal article" year="1882">Herdman, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Both share the same general aspect and are distributed in the Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic regions.
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E50927569FFB50F47304A178A3478" author="Monniot, C. &amp; Monniot, F." box="[1126,1436,1321,1346]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 168" refId="ref13783" refString="Monniot, C. &amp; Monniot, F. (1983) Ascidies antarctiques et subantarctiques: Morphologie et Biogeographie. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 125, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1983">Monniot &amp; Monniot (1983)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E50927569FFB50BE7302E13A0345C" author="Monniot, F. &amp; Dettai, A. &amp; Eleaume, M. &amp; Cruaud, C. &amp; Ameziane N." box="[198,438,1357,1382]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref14094" refString="Monniot, F., Dettai, A., Eleaume, M., Cruaud, C. &amp; Ameziane N. (2011) Antarctic Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French- Australian survey CEAMARC in Terre Adelie. Zootaxa, 2817, 1 - 54." type="journal article" year="2011">
Monniot
<emphasis id="1AABF1717569FFB50A0F302D1348345F" box="[302,350,1357,1381]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
. (2011)
</bibRefCitation>
give a list of reliable characters to distinguish between the two species. The examination of the collected specimens proceeding from an area very close to the
<typeStatus id="F76493C17569FFB508EB301111EC34B0" box="[970,1018,1394,1418]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
locality allowed us to update those characters. We strongly discourage the use of the presence of intermediate branchial papillae and the number of oral tentacles, since both characters showed intermediate values. Instead, we recommend the use of a set of particular differences which are resumed in
<tableCitation id="655D18D87569FFB509A230BE10CF34CC" box="[643,729,1501,1526]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="16.[151,239,1606,1629]" captionText="TABLE 4. Reliable characters to distinguish between Ascidia meridionalis and Ascidia challengeri" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Table 4</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="28602D637569FFB50BE6336211CF3720" blockId="16.[151,1436,853,1562]" box="[199,985,1537,1562]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
This is the first register of the species below
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(
<bibRefCitation id="4C4E50927569FFB5083E336211DB3720" author="Herdman, W. A." box="[799,973,1537,1562]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="714 - 726" refId="ref12588" refString="Herdman, W. A. (1880) Preliminary report on the Tunicata of the Challenger Expedition. Part II. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 10, 714 - 726. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0370164600044606" type="journal article" year="1880">Herdman 1880</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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