315 lines
44 KiB
XML
315 lines
44 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="6BEE65D092D59300B6AAEC63C5C15DAA">COI mtDNA barcoding and morphology for species delimitation in the spider genus Ixchela Huber (Araneae: Pholcidae), with the description of two new species from Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E8D4C1119B48F37906019F62608A79D3">Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="661F68CEB1BF030E5C6E9257B3DCEC64">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BDC7BA6FC11E7F7B6EF1325B02AA330D">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="15D1C9FAB4B091C409C921D641685286">2020-03-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FC3AB0EFC0D93D0031368F914BD8835C">4747</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0382878DFFDAFFEE47DF26F2FE898F40" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3704123" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162367165" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3704123" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382878DFFDAFFEE47DF26F2FE898F40" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0382878DFFDAFFEE47DF26F2FE898F40" lastPageId="8" pageId="6">
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<subSubSection id="C3316510FFDAFFE047DF26F2FDD38DBF" box="[151,587,1934,1961]" pageId="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B94369BFFDAFFE047DF26F2FDD38DBF" blockId="6.[151,587,1934,1961]" box="[151,587,1934,1961]" pageId="6">
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<heading id="D0DC81F7FFDAFFE047DF26F2FDD38DBF" bold="true" box="[151,587,1934,1961]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFDAFFE047DF26F2FDD38DBF" bold="true" box="[151,587,1934,1961]" pageId="6">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFDAFFE047BF26F2FDD38DBF" ID-CoL="625YQ" ID-ENA="6930" authority="C. L. Koch, 1850" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1850" box="[247,587,1934,1961]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pholcidae C. L. Koch, 1850</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3316510FFDAFFE047DF26AAFE7C8DE7" box="[151,484,2006,2033]" pageId="6" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B94369BFFDAFFE047DF26AAFE7C8DE7" blockId="6.[151,484,2006,2033]" box="[151,484,2006,2033]" pageId="6">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFDAFFE047DF26AAFF7F8DE7" bold="true" box="[151,231,2006,2032]" pageId="6">Genus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFDAFFE047A626AAFE7C8DE7" ID-CoL="55YY" authority="Huber, 2000" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2000" box="[238,484,2006,2033]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFDAFFE047A626AAFEDC8DE7" box="[238,324,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="6">Ixchela</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFDAFFE0460426ABFE7C8DE7" author="Huber, B. A." box="[332,484,2006,2033]" pageId="6" pagination="1 - 348" refId="ref18729" refString="Huber, B. A. (2000) New World Pholcid Spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): a revision at generic level. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 254, 1 - 348. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 0003 - 0090 (2000) 254 % 3 C 0001: NWPSAP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2000">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFDAFFE0460426ABFE7C8DE7" bold="true" box="[332,484,2006,2033]" pageId="6">Huber, 2000</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF546613FFDBFFE147DF267DFE5C8DE6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693417" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3693417" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693417/files/figure.png" pageId="7" startId="7.[151,250,1793,1818]" targetBox="[205,1385,194,1760]" targetPageId="7">
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<paragraph id="8B94369BFFDBFFE147DF267DFE5C8DE6" blockId="7.[151,1437,1793,2034]" pageId="7">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFDBFFE147DF267DFE8E8D0D" bold="true" box="[151,278,1793,1818]" pageId="7">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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Maximum Likelihood gene tree (highest log: -3749.87), constructed with
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFDBFFE14364267EFBC08D0E" box="[1068,1112,1794,1817]" italics="true" pageId="7">COI</emphasis>
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barcode sequences of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFDBFFE14203267EFA0E8D0D" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2000" box="[1355,1430,1794,1818]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFDBFFE14203267EFA0E8D0D" box="[1355,1430,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="7">Ixchela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Colors in the branches indicate species; same colors are in the bars, which represent the different species delimitation methods used for their validation. Red branches + blue circles indicate the new species. Numbers below the bars represent the species recovered in each species delimitation method (not considering the outgroup:
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFDBFFE144E62613FB918D91" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" box="[942,1033,1902,1926]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dugesi">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFDBFFE144E62613FB918D91" box="[942,1033,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="7">P. dugesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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): 1: morphology (M). 2: neighbor-joining (NJ). 3: GMYC. 4: ABGD with recursive partitions (RP). 5: ABGD with initial partitions (IP). 6: bPTP with IB. 7: bPTP with ML. Numbers above branches are Bootstrap support values (>50% significant), number below are posterior probabilities (PP) support values under BI.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C3316510FFD4FFEE47DF21E5FF788B08" pageId="8" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD4FFEE47DF21E5FF788B08" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1367]" pageId="8">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE47DF21E5FEAD8AA4" bold="true" box="[151,309,152,179]" pageId="8">Type species.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE467721E5FC208AA4" authority="F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902" authorityName="F. O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1902" box="[319,952,152,179]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Coryssocnemis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcula">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE467721E5FDDB8AA5" box="[319,579,152,179]" italics="true" pageId="8">Coryssocnemis furcula</emphasis>
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F. O.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE45D921E4FC208AA4" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[657,952,152,179]" pageId="8" pagination="313 - 424" refId="ref19570" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1902) Arachnida. - Araneida and Opiliones. Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology, London, 2, 313 - 424." type="journal article" year="1902">Pickard-Cambridge, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE43B321E4FA018AA4" author="Huber, B. A." box="[1275,1433,152,179]" pageId="8" pagination="1 - 348" refId="ref18729" refString="Huber, B. A. (2000) New World Pholcid Spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): a revision at generic level. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 254, 1 - 348. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 0003 - 0090 (2000) 254 % 3 C 0001: NWPSAP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2000">Huber (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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. Type locality: female
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<typeStatus id="54908839FFD4FFEE46D921C0FE6B8AC1" box="[401,499,188,214]" pageId="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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from Tecpam, Región de los Altos (Cerro Tecpam, Departmento
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<collectingRegion id="49EFF879FFD4FFEE43A921C0FA098AC0" box="[1249,1425,188,215]" country="Guatemala" name="Chimaltenango" pageId="8">Chimaltenango</collectingRegion>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F33C760BFFD4FFEE47DF219CFE8B8AED" box="[151,275,224,250]" name="Guatemala" pageId="8">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
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, around
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<quantity id="4CD39B7EFFD4FFEE463C219DFE538AEC" box="[372,459,225,251]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="8" unit="m" value="2300.0">2300 m</quantity>
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, Otto Stoll. Godman & Salvin Coll., in BMNH (F. O.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE4365219CFAD28AEC" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[1069,1354,224,251]" pageId="8" pagination="313 - 424" refId="ref19570" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1902) Arachnida. - Araneida and Opiliones. Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology, London, 2, 313 - 424." type="journal article" year="1902">Pickard-Cambridge 1902</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE421E219CFF4B8B08" author="Huber, B. A." pageId="8" pagination="49 - 80" refId="ref18679" refString="Huber, B. A. (1998) Report on some pholcid spiders collected in Guatemala and Honduras (Araneae, Pholcidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 105, 49 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 80031" type="journal article" year="1998">Huber 1998</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3316510FFD4FFEE478F2054FCBF88BC" pageId="8" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD4FFEE478F2054FD428B70" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1367]" pageId="8">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE478F2054FD958B54" bold="true" box="[199,525,296,323]" pageId="8">Diagnosis and Description.</emphasis>
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For an updated diagnosis and description of the genus see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE438C2054FF7A8B70" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE46502030FD4D8B70" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F." box="[280,725,332,359]" pageId="8" pagination="20 - 58" refId="ref20644" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F. (2015) Phylogeny of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae) based on morphological and molecular evidence (CO 1 and 16 S), with a hypothesized diversification in the Pleistocene. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 175, 20 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12265" type="journal article" year="2015">Valdez-Mondragón and Francke (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD4FFEE478F200CFCBF88BC" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1367]" pageId="8">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE478F200CFEFF8B9C" bold="true" box="[199,359,368,395]" pageId="8">Composition.</emphasis>
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22 species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE46BC200CFC638B9C" authority="(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898)" baseAuthorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[500,1019,368,395]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE46BC200CFD018B9D" box="[500,665,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela simoni</emphasis>
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||
(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE4340200CFA0F8B9C" authority="(Gertsch, 1971)" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch" baseAuthorityYear="1971" box="[1032,1431,368,395]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abernathyi">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE4340200CFB448B9D" box="[1032,1244,368,394]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela abernathyi</emphasis>
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(Gertsch, 1971)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE47DF20E8FD5A8BB8" authority="(F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="F. O. Pickard-Cambridge" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[151,706,404,431]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcula">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE47DF20E8FEDA8BB9" box="[151,322,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela furcula</emphasis>
|
||
(F. O.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE46DC20E8FD228BB8" author="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O." box="[404,698,404,431]" pageId="8" pagination="313 - 424" refId="ref19570" refString="Pickard-Cambridge, F. O. (1902) Arachnida. - Araneida and Opiliones. Biologia Centrali-Americana, Zoology, London, 2, 313 - 424." type="journal article" year="1902">Pickard-Cambridge, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE458720E8FBB88BB8" authority="(Gertsch, 1971)" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch" baseAuthorityYear="1971" box="[719,1056,404,431]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pecki">
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<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE458720E8FCFC8BB9" box="[719,868,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela pecki</emphasis>
|
||
(Gertsch, 1971)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE436520E8FA0F8BB8" authority="(Gertsch, 1971)" baseAuthorityName="Gertsch" baseAuthorityYear="1971" box="[1069,1431,404,431]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="placida">
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||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE436520E8FB448BB9" box="[1069,1244,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela placida</emphasis>
|
||
(Gertsch, 1971)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE47DF20C4FDDC8BC4" authority="Valdez-Mondragon 2013" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,580,440,467]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mixe">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE47DF20C4FEBD8BC5" box="[151,293,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela mixe</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE466320C4FDDC8BC4" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[299,580,440,467]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE450620C4FB978BC4" authority="Valdez-Mondragon 2013" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[590,1039,440,467]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huberi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE450620C4FD778BC5" box="[590,751,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela huberi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE45BD20C4FB978BC4" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[757,1039,440,467]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE435120C4FF4A8BE0" authority="Valdez-Mondragon 2013" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juarezi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE435120C4FB268BC5" box="[1049,1214,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela juarezi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE438C20C4FF4A8BE0" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE479520A0FD1B8BE0" authority="Valdez-Mondragon 2013" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[221,643,476,503]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE479520A0FEFB8BE1" box="[221,355,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela grix</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE462120A0FD1B8BE0" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[361,643,476,503]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE45C520A0FBDB8BE0" authority="Valdez-Mondragon 2013" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[653,1091,476,503]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taxco">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE45C520A0FCBB8BE1" box="[653,803,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela taxco</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE446120A0FBDB8BE0" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[809,1091,476,503]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE430520A0FEBE880C" authority="Valdez-Mondragon 2013" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="franckei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE430520A0FA9A8BE1" box="[1101,1282,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela franckei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE424020A0FEBE880C" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE4667237CFD70880C" authority="Valdez-Mondragon 2013" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[303,744,512,539]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tzotzil">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE4667237CFE52880D" box="[303,458,512,538]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela tzotzil</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE4698237CFD70880C" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[464,744,512,539]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE45BA237CFB70880C" authority="Valdez-Mondragon 2013" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[754,1256,512,539]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="santibanezi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE45BA237CFC52880D" box="[754,970,512,538]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela santibanezi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE4487237CFB70880C" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[975,1256,512,539]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE43BA237CFE408828" authority="Valdez-Mondragon 2013" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huasteca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE43BA237CFF298829" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela huasteca</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE47F32358FE408828" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[187,472,548,575]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE45502358FC718828" authority="Valdez-Mondragon 2013" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[536,1001,548,575]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viquezi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE45502358FD5B8829" box="[536,707,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela viquezi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE45842358FC718828" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[716,1001,548,575]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE44BF2358FEAA8874" authority="Valdez-Mondragon & Francke 2015" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon & Francke" authorityYear="2015" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE44BF2358FB038829" box="[1015,1179,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela azteca</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE43ED2358FEAA8874" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F." pageId="8" pagination="20 - 58" refId="ref20644" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F. (2015) Phylogeny of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae) based on morphological and molecular evidence (CO 1 and 16 S), with a hypothesized diversification in the Pleistocene. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 175, 20 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12265" type="journal article" year="2015">Valdez-Mondragón & Francke 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE46732334FCEF8874" authority="Valdez-Mondragon & Francke 2015" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon & Francke" authorityYear="2015" box="[315,887,584,611]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jalisco">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE46732334FE468875" box="[315,478,584,610]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela jalisco</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE46AB2334FCEF8874" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F." box="[483,887,584,611]" pageId="8" pagination="20 - 58" refId="ref20644" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F. (2015) Phylogeny of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae) based on morphological and molecular evidence (CO 1 and 16 S), with a hypothesized diversification in the Pleistocene. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 175, 20 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12265" type="journal article" year="2015">Valdez-Mondragón & Francke 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE44C82334FF4A8890" authority="Valdez-Mondragon & Francke 2015" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon & Francke" authorityYear="2015" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mendozai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE44C82334FBDB8875" box="[896,1091,584,610]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela mendozai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE43012334FF4A8890" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F." pageId="8" pagination="20 - 58" refId="ref20644" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F. (2015) Phylogeny of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae) based on morphological and molecular evidence (CO 1 and 16 S), with a hypothesized diversification in the Pleistocene. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 175, 20 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12265" type="journal article" year="2015">Valdez-Mondragón & Francke 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE47942310FCDE8890" authority="Valdez-Mondragon & Francke 2015" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon & Francke" authorityYear="2015" box="[220,838,620,647]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purepecha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE47942310FE328891" box="[220,426,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela purepecha</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE46F82310FCDE8890" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F." box="[432,838,620,647]" pageId="8" pagination="20 - 58" refId="ref20644" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F. (2015) Phylogeny of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae) based on morphological and molecular evidence (CO 1 and 16 S), with a hypothesized diversification in the Pleistocene. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 175, 20 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12265" type="journal article" year="2015">Valdez-Mondragón & Francke 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE44182310FA008890" authority="Valdez-Mondragon & Francke 2015" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon & Francke" authorityYear="2015" box="[848,1432,620,647]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tlayuda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE44182310FC648891" box="[848,1020,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela tlayuda</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE434B2310FA008890" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F." box="[1027,1432,620,647]" pageId="8" pagination="20 - 58" refId="ref20644" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F. (2015) Phylogeny of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae) based on morphological and molecular evidence (CO 1 and 16 S), with a hypothesized diversification in the Pleistocene. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 175, 20 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12265" type="journal article" year="2015">Valdez-Mondragón & Francke 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE47DF23ECFEE588BD" authority="Valdez-Mondragón, 2020" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragón" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,381,656,682]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panchovillai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE47DF23ECFEE588BD" box="[151,381,656,682]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela panchovillai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE46CC23EDFE7C88BC" bold="true" box="[388,484,657,683]" pageId="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C57F2FFD4FFEE46CC23EDFE4688BC" box="[388,478,657,683]" pageId="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE455223ECFD5E88BD" authority="Valdez-Mondragón, 2020" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragón" authorityYear="2020" box="[538,710,656,682]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zapatai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE455223ECFD5E88BD" box="[538,710,656,682]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela zapatai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE458523EDFCBF88BC" bold="true" box="[717,807,657,683]" pageId="8">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C57F2FFD4FFEE458523EDFCBF88BC" box="[717,807,657,683]" pageId="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3316510FFD4FFEE478F23C8FE898F40" pageId="8" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD4FFEE478F23C8FB028900" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1367]" pageId="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE478F23C8FEF988D8" bold="true" box="[199,353,692,719]" pageId="8">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE462023C8FE2288D9" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2000" box="[360,442,692,718]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE462023C8FE2288D9" box="[360,442,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a widely distributed genus from North-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C760BFFD4FFEE44A323C8FBD988D9" box="[1003,1089,692,718]" name="Mexico" pageId="8">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C760BFFD4FFEE432D23C8FB4488D9" box="[1125,1244,692,718]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="8">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Although in this work the specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C760BFFD4FFEE46F423A4FDB788E5" box="[444,559,728,754]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="8">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
were not examined,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE445423A4FC2C88E4" author="Huber, B. A." box="[796,948,728,755]" pageId="8" pagination="1 - 348" refId="ref18729" refString="Huber, B. A. (2000) New World Pholcid Spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): a revision at generic level. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 254, 1 - 348. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 0003 - 0090 (2000) 254 % 3 C 0001: NWPSAP % 3 E 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2000">Huber (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
examined one male of an undescribed species from such country deposited in Museo Entomológico Nicaraguense (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EFF879FFD4FFEE44852381FB938900" box="[973,1035,765,791]" country="Nicaragua" name="Leon" pageId="8">León</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33C760BFFD4FFEE435E2380FB168900" box="[1046,1166,764,791]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="8">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD4FFEE478F225DFF478E21" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1367]" pageId="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE478F225DFE14892C" bold="true" box="[199,396,800,827]" pageId="8">Natural History.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE4558225CFDFA892D" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2000" box="[528,610,800,826]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE4558225CFDFA892D" box="[528,610,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a natural distribution in temperate climate zones, principally in pine, oak, or pine-oak forest, between
|
||
<quantity id="4CD39B7EFFD4FFEE455B2238FD348948" box="[531,684,836,863]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.975" metricValueMax="2.95" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" unit="m" value="1975.0" valueMax="2950.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000-2950 m</quantity>
|
||
of elevation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD4FFEE44072238FC448948" box="[847,988,836,863]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–30" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1903,1928]" captionTargetBox="[164,1426,438,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,425,1877]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 25–30. 25–28, Living specimens (females) of Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. from type locality. 29–30, Temperate pine-oak forest at 2399 m.a.s.l. at the type locality (red arrow indicates the microhabitat where the specimens of I. zapatai sp. nov were collected)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693427/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Figs. 29, 30</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE44A22238FA9F8948" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[1002,1287,836,863]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs. 13‒15, 17, 18), however some species like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE45632214FC9D8995" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[555,773,872,898]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="santibanezi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE45632214FC9D8995" box="[555,773,872,898]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela santibanezi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE44752215FC3A8995" authorityName="Valdez-Mondragon" authorityYear="2013" box="[829,930,873,898]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juarezi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE44752215FC3A8995" box="[829,930,873,898]" italics="true" pageId="8">I. juarezi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were collected in tropical rain forest at
|
||
<quantity id="4CD39B7EFFD4FFEE422D2215FF3589B0" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="8" unit="m" value="1190.0">1190 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE47F422F0FE4289B0" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[188,474,908,935]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 16), or in a thorny scrub forest at
|
||
<quantity id="4CD39B7EFFD4FFEE44DB22F1FBB389B0" box="[915,1067,909,935]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.04" metricValueMax="2.18" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="8" unit="m" value="2040.0" valueMax="2180.0" valueMin="1900.0">1900-2180 m</quantity>
|
||
respectively. Although there has been intensive collecting at low elevations, it seems that the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE44C322CCFC4589DD" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2000" box="[907,989,944,970]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Ixchela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE44C322CCFC4589DD" box="[907,989,944,970]" italics="true" pageId="8">Ixchela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only occurs above
|
||
<quantity id="4CD39B7EFFD4FFEE43F222CDFA9789DC" box="[1210,1295,945,971]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
|
||
of elevation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE47D622A8FE2389F8" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[158,443,980,1007]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE468D22A8FCC689F8" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F." box="[453,862,980,1007]" pageId="8" pagination="20 - 58" refId="ref20644" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. & Francke, O. F. (2015) Phylogeny of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae) based on morphological and molecular evidence (CO 1 and 16 S), with a hypothesized diversification in the Pleistocene. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 175, 20 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12265" type="journal article" year="2015">Valdez-Mondragón & Francke 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), while below this elevation only other genera such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE47FF2284FE438E04" authority="Simon, 1893" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" box="[183,475,1016,1043]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Physocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE47FF2284FED98E05" box="[183,321,1016,1042]" italics="true" pageId="8">Physocyclus</emphasis>
|
||
Simon, 1893
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2B4D18FFD4FFEE455D2284FCAC8E04" authority="Simon, 1893" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" box="[533,820,1016,1043]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Psilochorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95FEA89FFD4FFEE455D2284FD038E05" box="[533,667,1016,1042]" italics="true" pageId="8">Psilochorus</emphasis>
|
||
Simon, 1893
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been collected, principally in deciduous tropical forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94369BFFD4FFEE478F253CFE898F40" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,1367]" pageId="8">
|
||
The spiders sampled during new fieldwork were found among fallen logs, boulders on the ground, under dry leaves of agave plants, and frequently on their irregular sheet webs on embankments along road-cuttings, specifically in shaded, moist areas covered with roots and leaf-litter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13102A1EFFD4FFEE440025F4FC518EB4" box="[840,969,1160,1187]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–30" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1903,1928]" captionTargetBox="[164,1426,438,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,425,1877]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 25–30. 25–28, Living specimens (females) of Ixchela zapatai sp. nov. from type locality. 29–30, Temperate pine-oak forest at 2399 m.a.s.l. at the type locality (red arrow indicates the microhabitat where the specimens of I. zapatai sp. nov were collected)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3693427/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Figs 29, 30</figureCitation>
|
||
). In karst zones, the spiders are frequently found in sheet webs-inside caves (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE455625D0FCA58ED0" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[542,829,1196,1223]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 14) on walls, holes in walls, among boulders on the floor, or among karst formations (stalagmites and columns) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE442825ACFBE48EFC" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[864,1148,1232,1259]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs. 1‒3, 5, 9). Although some species have been collected frequently inside caves, at relatively high densities, all species can be considered troglophiles and not strict troglobites or with conspicuous troglomorphic modifications (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA4B6AFFD4FFEE43332464FA008F24" author="Valdez-Mondragon, A." box="[1147,1432,1304,1331]" pageId="8" pagination="285 - 327" refId="ref20532" refString="Valdez-Mondragon, A. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the spider genus Ixchela Huber, 2000 (Araneae: Pholcidae), with description of ten new species from Mexico and Central America. Zootaxa, 3608 (5), 285 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3608.5.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Valdez-Mondragón 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 1‒12).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |