542 lines
65 KiB
XML
542 lines
65 KiB
XML
<document id="2CD719F327F1CA862D064D5DCC4C9713" ID-CLB-Dataset="20571" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5100.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="94e84c9b-aaff-4947-ae84-663fa1baa862" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201791" ID-ZooBank="3A4F2341-439E-4535-A9DA-603D5AA4C1F9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1645430693081" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dinesh, K. P., Channakeshavamurthy, B. H., Deepak, P., Shabnam, A., Ghosh, Avrajjal & Deuti, Kaushik" docDate="2022" docId="03E49876A067FFDAFF78978BFAE5F929" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5100.3.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5100 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Euphlyctis jaladhara Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="7E1AE10C-5A30-4A3F-AE3E-7B55C542C4F3" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="425" masterDocId="FFDDE00EA064FFDCFFEF9241FF9EFF88" masterDocTitle="Discovery of a new species of Euphlyctis (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from the western coastal plains of peninsular India" masterLastPageNumber="434" masterPageNumber="419" pageNumber="422" updateTime="1699314965051" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="02F2006765C97AFFAE26B783B01716EA">
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<mods:title id="9559C00384A9212150F1A5CC8C30150E">Discovery of a new species of Euphlyctis (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from the western coastal plains of peninsular India</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1A46BC3FCBD4A073825BD8EA246E6EE3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="16DE3ED00EE362C9E40EF9BE202D6615">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1181734087640CA7888A374CBE8D49C2">Dinesh, K. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7221CE68EDF335A88E30214EEFE6227F">Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Western Regional Centre (WRC), Pune- 411044, India</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="1B9AF789F0FF63C5DDBA9A96B679A0B4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C729E37C0CF966BDD6E2674D5F38D483">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="18263FB2E697A2107F977A42E0EDFC5A">Channakeshavamurthy, B. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="995D4411692FD66F1913C9F2E60CDC2D">Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Western Ghats Regional Centre (WGRC), Calicut- 673006, India</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="9880D79F56FB441187CD3DC305697C1A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2F577EFA7FD9E267CB4A38A895EA9F51">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="64C8A841FF77C78F1F6AEE896320C746">Deepak, P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2539DC518AC47484221851F2EB40EFF9" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2261-4671</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="6D47F3A70A853F4F6CA32E641E0B18FE">Mount Carmel College, Autonomous; No. 58, Palace Road, Vasanth Nagar, Bengaluru- 560052, India deepak. sphaeros @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2261 - 4671</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D9C72272B5B0A3A5A20D9A00B7899960" type="email">deepak.sphaeros@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A0F41D00A8518DB18006E7553484EFCA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="447C513100E883A7911B4E052BD499A8">Shabnam, A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="669B2BC1EDDD9C79740490A3AD97A82A">Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Western Regional Centre (WRC), Pune- 411044, India & Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Western Regional Centre (WRC), Pune- 411044, India</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="68EB153083B1E485C4930BE695FD5ABC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="ACA92229B939CEB3D9A1F78C2198A90A">Ghosh, Avrajjal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="312434E43A0CA1EED24E412505992B50" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1049-6455</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="00F87D85E1C617C69659AA1F8DC8F7D7">School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar- 752050, India avrajjal. ghosh @ niser. ac. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1049 - 6455</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DB3BC33C8C3139F22F1C6AC33802B901" type="email">avrajjal.ghosh@niser.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EFCC2EB6E20F54771CAEFE2F655E8904">Deuti, Kaushik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="08DD22D73C661EDA702E99A3E5000EBD">Herpetology Division, FPS Building, Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), 27 JL Nehru Road, Kolkata- 700016, India kaushikdeuti @ gmail. com; https: / orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3319 - 3665</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8B75070BDCD9B40E8B781B82E5C46DAF" type="email">kaushikdeuti@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DEC50EB1E52D17587161A132695503A4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="81774985E5025263E1D3D219F122E12D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="811F6133F102AA1FF330E4C6EA999E04">
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<mods:date id="B9281DD06A77B6F412B4E94902BA7298">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5F32948EDB4F1BAE444D396E6FF2C972">2022-02-21</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7C3D0920C3E0CC6CA0D4C030F47263EE">5100</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="A16D33DFE3FC13549E8A007638003BC5" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="BF52FE3DA14BF02CF4AF3FC7E2BDE2B9">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9F3FCDF018087A32A74DFC93395F2458">419</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="A0C4E39DBD2039AA449FD5F7BB48C730">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CD3D4C8C3D3941773A70780DC55531FF" type="CLB-Dataset">20571</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9CB4F2987CE09B9CB7BC618F3195B2EF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5100.3.6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="41DE3B7030AD19B706B79EDC95021DAC" type="GBIF-Dataset">94e84c9b-aaff-4947-ae84-663fa1baa862</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="91858CC0B5FBC75078F25C5B095DBF5F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03E49876A067FFDAFF78978BFAE5F929" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6314256" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193418315" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6314256" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7E1AE10C-5A30-4A3F-AE3E-7B55C542C4F3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E49876A067FFDAFF78978BFAE5F929" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="425" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
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<subSubSection id="C3577AEBA067FFDFFF78978BFE64FA6D" box="[151,506,1482,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF22960A067FFDFFF78978BFE64FA6D" blockId="3.[151,506,1482,1509]" box="[151,506,1482,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
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<heading id="D0BA9E0CA067FFDFFF78978BFE64FA6D" bold="true" box="[151,506,1482,1509]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFF78978BFE64FA6D" bold="true" box="[151,506,1482,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A067FFDFFF78978BFE0AFA6D" authority="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti, 2022" authorityName="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,404,1482,1509]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaladhara" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFF78978BFE0AFA6D" bold="true" box="[151,404,1482,1509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Euphlyctis jaladhara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A4809A067FFDFFE73978AFE64FA6D" box="[412,506,1483,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3577AEBA067FFD8FF789452FAE0FA4C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="423" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF22960A067FFDFFF789452FAB0F9D9" blockId="3.[151,1437,1555,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
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<materialsCitation id="3B25233DA067FFDFFF789452FAB0F9D9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3469810302" collectingDate="2017-10" collectionCode="ZSI, SVL" collectorName="BH Channakeshavamurthy" country="India" latitude="10.1272" location="Kerala" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="76.684" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" specimenCode="WGRC/2948" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFF789452FE93F9A5" bold="true" box="[151,269,1555,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
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<typeStatus id="54F697C2A067FFDFFF789452FE96F9A5" box="[151,264,1555,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED5CB1A5A067FFDFFEF99452FEDEF9A5" box="[278,320,1555,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">ZSI</collectionCode>
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/
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<specimenCode id="DBEB811BA067FFDFFEA79452FE41F9A5" box="[328,479,1555,1581]" collectionCode="WGRC" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">WGRC/2948</specimenCode>
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, an adult male (
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<collectionCode id="ED5CB1A5A067FFDFFD799452FD52F9A5" box="[662,716,1555,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">SVL</collectionCode>
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<quantity id="4CB58485A067FFDFFD3B9452FCA5F9A5" box="[724,827,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.78" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" unit="mm" value="37.8">37.8 mm</quantity>
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) collected by
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<collectorName id="26B84CB6A067FFDFFC329452FA90F9A5" box="[989,1294,1555,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">BH Channakeshavamurthy</collectorName>
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and team in
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||
<date id="FFF30FA0A067FFDFFF789476FEAEF9D9" box="[151,304,1591,1617]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" value="2017-10">
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<collectingDate id="EFB7F648A067FFDFFF789476FEAEF9D9" box="[151,304,1591,1617]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" value="2017-10">October 2017</collectingDate>
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</date>
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||
from the surroundings of Thattekad Bird Sanctuary (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE794FA7A067FFDFFC6B9476FC61F9D9" box="[900,1023,1591,1617]" degrees="10.1272" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" precision="5" value="10.1272">N 10.1272</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="EE794FA7A067FFDFFBE59476FB1CF9DA" box="[1034,1154,1591,1618]" degrees="76.6840" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" precision="5" value="76.684">E 76.6840</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<collectingRegion id="4989E782A067FFDFFB7A9476FB7CF9D9" box="[1173,1250,1591,1617]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Kerala</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F35A69F0A067FFDFFB029476FAB4F9D9" box="[1261,1322,1591,1617]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF22960A067FFDFFF28941AFD3EF911" blockId="3.[151,1437,1555,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
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<materialsCitation id="3B25233DA067FFDFFF28941AFEE5F9FD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3469810304" box="[199,379,1627,1653]" collectionCode="ZSI" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFF28941AFED6F9FD" bold="true" box="[199,328,1627,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
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<typeStatus id="54F697C2A067FFDFFF28941AFEDDF9FD" box="[199,323,1627,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED5CB1A5A067FFDFFEBE941AFEE5F9FD" box="[337,379,1627,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">ZSI</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
/
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B25233DA067FFDFFE6B941AFD84F9FD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3469810303" box="[388,538,1627,1653]" collectionCode="WGRC" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" specimenCode="WGRC/2889" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCode id="DBEB811BA067FFDFFE6B941AFD84F9FD" box="[388,538,1627,1653]" collectionCode="WGRC" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">WGRC/2889</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, an adult female (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CB1A5A067FFDFFD07941AFC80F9FD" box="[744,798,1627,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">SVL</collectionCode>
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<quantity id="4CB58485A067FFDFFCC8941AFC10F9FD" box="[807,910,1627,1653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7299999999999995" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" unit="mm" value="47.3">47.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CB1A5A067FFDFFC3F941AFC64F9FD" box="[976,1018,1627,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">ZSI</collectionCode>
|
||
/
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B25233DA067FFDFFBED941AFB06F9FD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3469810301" box="[1026,1176,1627,1653]" collectionCode="WGRC" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" specimenCode="WGRC/2946" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEB811BA067FFDFFBED941AFB06F9FD" box="[1026,1176,1627,1653]" collectionCode="WGRC" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">WGRC/2946</specimenCode>
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</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B25233DA067FFDFFB4A941AFD02F911" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3469810306" collectionCode="SVL" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
an adult female (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CB1A5A067FFDFFA88941AFA03F9FD" box="[1383,1437,1627,1653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A067FFDFFF78943EFF61F911" box="[151,255,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.21" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" unit="mm" value="62.1">62.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
), collection details same as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F697C2A067FFDFFDD9943EFD02F911" box="[566,668,1663,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A067FFDFFF2894E3FC80F81D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1555,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFF2894E3FE3AF934" bold="true" box="[199,420,1698,1724]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Lineage diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A067FFDFFE4594E2FD0BF935" authority="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti, 2022" authorityName="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti" authorityYear="2022" box="[426,661,1699,1725]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaladhara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFE4594E2FD0BF935" box="[426,661,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Euphlyctis jaladhara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFD7494E2FD6AF935" bold="true" box="[667,756,1699,1725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A4809A067FFDFFD7494E2FD6AF935" box="[667,756,1699,1725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is diagnosed phylogenetically as a member of the larger ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A067FFDFFA9B94E2FF70F969" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFA9B94E2FF70F969" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Euphlyctis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade’ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137635E5A067FFDFFEA89486FE12F969" box="[327,396,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,839,863]" captionTargetBox="[155,1427,187,810]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[155,1433,181,816]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Maximum Likelihood (ML) tree for species of Euphlyctis and Phrynoderma based on a concatenated dataset of 575 bp of mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene and 699 bp of nuclear Tyrosinase gene." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201799/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The new species shows a possible sister relationship to the clade comprising
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A067FFDFFB129486FA03F969" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1863" box="[1277,1437,1735,1761]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Rana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ehrenbergii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFB129486FA03F969" box="[1277,1437,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">E. ehrenbergii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a genetic distance of 6.4% and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A067FFDFFDC894AAFD6DF88D" authorityName="Howlader, Nair, Gopalan, and Merila" authorityYear="2015" box="[551,755,1771,1797]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kalasgramensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFDC894AAFD6DF88D" box="[551,755,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">E. kalasgramensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a genetic divergence of 5.4% for the mt 16S rRNA gene (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137635E5A067FFDFFF4F954EFF7AF8A1" box="[160,228,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,839,863]" captionTargetBox="[155,1427,187,810]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[155,1433,181,816]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Maximum Likelihood (ML) tree for species of Euphlyctis and Phrynoderma based on a concatenated dataset of 575 bp of mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene and 699 bp of nuclear Tyrosinase gene." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201799/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Under field conditions,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A067FFDFFDEF954EFD27F8A1" baseAuthorityName="Frost" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[512,697,1807,1833]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFDEF954EFD27F8A1" box="[512,697,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">E. cyanophlyctis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be a syntopic congener in the peripheral zone of its range of distribution. For the mt 16S rRNA gene,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A067FFDFFD8A9572FCCFF8C5" authority="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti, 2022" authorityName="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti" authorityYear="2022" box="[613,849,1843,1869]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaladhara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFD8A9572FCCFF8C5" box="[613,849,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Euphlyctis jaladhara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFCB69572FC2DF8C5" bold="true" box="[857,947,1843,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A4809A067FFDFFCB69572FC2DF8C5" box="[857,947,1843,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
exhibits a genetic divergence of 4.4% with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A067FFDFFF789516FECCF8F9" baseAuthorityName="Frost" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[151,338,1879,1905]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFF789516FECCF8F9" box="[151,338,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">E. cyanophlyctis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For the nuclear Tyrosinase gene,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A067FFDFFD0F9516FC53F8F9" authority="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti, 2022" authorityName="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti" authorityYear="2022" box="[736,973,1879,1905]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaladhara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFD0F9516FC53F8F9" box="[736,973,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">Euphlyctis jaladhara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFC399516FBACF8F9" bold="true" box="[982,1074,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A4809A067FFDFFC399516FBACF8F9" box="[982,1074,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CB1A5A067FFDFFBAC9516FBF4F8F9" box="[1091,1130,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">AB</collectionCode>
|
||
489017.1) shows a genetic divergence of 0.9% with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A067FFDFFE5E953AFDF4F81D" baseAuthorityName="Frost" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[433,618,1915,1941]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="422" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A067FFDFFE5E953AFDF4F81D" box="[433,618,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">E. cyanophlyctis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CB1A5A067FFDFFD95953AFD3AF81D" box="[634,676,1915,1941]" country="Russia" name="Mus. Tinro, Vladyvostok" pageId="3" pageNumber="422">MT</collectionCode>
|
||
782272.1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3279E8A060FFD8FF789106FC05FC0C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201799" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201799/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" startId="4.[151,250,839,863]" targetBox="[155,1427,187,810]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A060FFD8FF789106FC05FC0C" blockId="4.[151,1436,839,900]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FF789106FE8CFCD7" bold="true" box="[151,274,839,863]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Maximum Likelihood (ML) tree for species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A060FFD8FD019109FCC7FCE8" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[750,857,840,864]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FD019109FCC7FCE8" box="[750,857,840,864]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Euphlyctis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A060FFD8FC679109FB8DFCE8" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[904,1043,840,864]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FC679109FB8DFCE8" box="[904,1043,840,864]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Phrynoderma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on a concatenated dataset of 575 bp of mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene and 699 bp of nuclear Tyrosinase gene.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A060FFD8FF2891F0FBFBFA29" blockId="4.[151,1437,945,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FF2891F0FE16FC43" bold="true" box="[199,392,945,971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Field Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Under field conditions among the skittering frogs,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A060FFD8FC3F91F3FB22FC44" authority="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti, 2022" authorityName="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti" authorityYear="2022" box="[976,1212,946,972]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaladhara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FC3F91F3FB22FC44" box="[976,1212,946,972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Euphlyctis jaladhara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FB2A91F3FA81FC44" bold="true" box="[1221,1311,946,972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A4809A060FFD8FB2A91F3FA81FC44" box="[1221,1311,946,972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is sympatric with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A060FFD8FF189196FEC2FC78" box="[247,348,982,1008]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kerala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FF189196FEC2FC78" box="[247,348,982,1008]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">P. kerala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A060FFD8FE7B9196FD82FC78" box="[404,540,982,1008]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="karaavali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FE7B9196FD82FC78" box="[404,540,982,1008]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">P. karaavali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the south of Palghat gap. In the north of the Palghat gap, the new species is sympatric with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A060FFD8FEA691BAFE2FFB9C" box="[329,433,1018,1044]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aloysii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FEA691BAFE2FFB9C" box="[329,433,1018,1044]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">P. aloysii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A060FFD8FE0491BAFDEDFB9C" box="[491,627,1018,1044]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="karaavali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FE0491BAFDEDFB9C" box="[491,627,1018,1044]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">P. karaavali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The new species could be sympatric with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A060FFD8FB8B91BAFA81FB9C" baseAuthorityName="Frost" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1124,1311,1018,1044]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FB8B91BAFA81FB9C" box="[1124,1311,1018,1044]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">E. cyanophlyctis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137635E5A060FFD8FADF91BBFAEBFB9D" box="[1328,1397,1018,1045]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1473,1497]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,943,1450]" captionTargetId="figure-639@7.[152,1436,943,1450]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sympatric congeners in the field (only in the overlapping zones, at the periphery of their range of distribution) A) Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis (photograph from Tumkur, Deccan plateau) and B) Euphlyctis jaladhara sp. nov. from the surroundings of the Thattekad, Bird Sanctuary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201819/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) in the Western Ghats region of Madikeri (based on the two sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A060FFD8FC4A965FFB0EFBB0" authority="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti, 2022" authorityName="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti" authorityYear="2022" box="[933,1168,1054,1080]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaladhara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FC4A965FFB0EFBB0" box="[933,1168,1054,1080]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Euphlyctis jaladhara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FB78965FFB6EFBB0" bold="true" box="[1175,1264,1054,1080]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A4809A060FFD8FB78965FFB6EFBB0" box="[1175,1264,1054,1080]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
included in the studies of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC5491A060FFD8FEE59603FD88FBD5" author="Kurabayashi, A. & Kuramoto, M. & Joshy, H. & Sumida, M." box="[266,534,1090,1117]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" pagination="525 - 534" refId="ref9346" refString="Kurabayashi, A., Kuramoto, M., Joshy, H. & Sumida, M. (2005) Molecular phylogeny of the ranid frogs from Southwest India based on the mitochondrial ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Zoological Science, 22 (5), 525 - 534. https: // doi. org / 10.2108 / zsj. 22.525" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Kurabayashi
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FE709602FE49FBD4" box="[415,471,1090,1116]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC5491A060FFD8FDA39603FC8EFBD4" author="Hasan, M. & Islam, M. M. & Khan, M. M. R. & Igawa, T. & Alam, M. S. & Djong, H. T. & Kurabayashi, A." box="[588,784,1090,1116]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" pagination="389 - 411" refId="ref8918" refString="Hasan, M., Islam, M. M., Khan, M. M. R., Igawa, T., Alam, M. S., Djong, H. T. & Kurabayashi, A. (2014) Genetic divergences of South and Southeast Asian frogs: a case study of several taxa based on 16 S ribosomal RNA gene data with notes on the generic name Fejervarya. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 38 (4), 389 - 411. https: // doi. org / 10.3906 / zoo- 1308 - 36" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Hasan
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FD769602FD4CFBD4" box="[665,722,1090,1116]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
labeled as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A060FFD8FC619602FBD9FBD4" baseAuthorityName="Frost" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[910,1095,1090,1116]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FC619602FBD9FBD4" box="[910,1095,1090,1116]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">E. cyanophlyctis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Other than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A060FFD8FB339602FA0BFBD4" baseAuthorityName="Frost" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[1244,1429,1090,1116]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FB339602FA0BFBD4" box="[1244,1429,1090,1116]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">E. cyanophlyctis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, no sympatric congeneric species could be encountered in field conditions. Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A060FFD8FB6A9627FAECFB08" authority="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti, 2022" authorityName="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti" authorityYear="2022" box="[1157,1394,1126,1152]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaladhara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FB6A9627FAECFB08" box="[1157,1394,1126,1152]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Euphlyctis jaladhara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FA949627FF56FB2C" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A4809A060FFD8FA949627FF56FB2C" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be easily distinguished from the rest of the skittering frogs by a combination of morphological characters like male adult size small (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CB1A5A060FFD8FE2D96EFFE65FB40" box="[450,507,1198,1224]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FDE996EFFDF4FB40" box="[518,618,1198,1224]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.37" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="33.7">33.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FD6296EFFD6CFB40" box="[653,754,1198,1224]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.78" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="37.8">37.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and large females (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CB1A5A060FFD8FC3B96EFFB93FB40" box="[980,1037,1198,1224]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FBF796EFFBE2FB40" box="[1048,1148,1198,1224]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7299999999999995" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="47.3">47.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FB7096EFFA99FB40" box="[1183,1287,1198,1224]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.21" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="62.1">62.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
); head length equal to head width; acutely pointed snout; snout equal to eye diameter; angled canthus rostralis with flat loreal region; inter-orbital distance half of the upper lid width; distinct tympanum equal to eye diameter; first finger longer than the second finger; pre-pollex tubercle and supernumerary tubercles absent in hand; tibio-tarsal articulation reaches nostril; porous warts absent; distinct black line from the back of the shoulder to groin separating the dark dorsal colour and ventral white colour; ventral side of males white and females spotted; back of the thigh with a single white band (see morphological characters key to members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A060FFD8FC7C97C7FB97FA28" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[915,1033,1414,1440]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FC7C97C7FB97FA28" box="[915,1033,1414,1440]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Euphlyctis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A060FFD8FF2897E8FAE0FA4C" blockId="4.[151,1437,945,2017]" box="[199,1406,1449,1476]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FF2897E8FEC8FA4B" bold="true" box="[199,342,1449,1475]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Geography:</emphasis>
|
||
The species is known from freshwater bodies of the western coastal plains of peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A69F0A060FFD8FAD297EBFAE4FA4C" box="[1341,1402,1450,1476]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3577AEBA060FFD9FF28978CFE51F83D" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="424" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A060FFD8FF28978CFC22FA60" blockId="4.[151,1437,945,2017]" box="[199,956,1485,1512]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A060FFD8FF28978CFE7AFA60" bold="true" box="[199,484,1485,1512]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F697C2A060FFD8FE98978FFE7AFA60" box="[375,484,1486,1512]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(ZSI/WGRC/2948) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137635E5A060FFD8FD3D978FFC89FA60" box="[722,791,1486,1512]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,839,863]" captionTargetBox="[155,1427,187,810]" captionTargetId="figure-24@4.[155,1433,181,816]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Maximum Likelihood (ML) tree for species of Euphlyctis and Phrynoderma based on a concatenated dataset of 575 bp of mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene and 699 bp of nuclear Tyrosinase gene." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201799/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137635E5A060FFD8FCCC978FFCFBFA60" box="[803,869,1486,1512]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1170,1194]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,705,1147]" captionTargetId="figure-282@5.[151,1436,705,1147]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. A) Male and B) Female of Euphlyctis jaladhara sp. nov. in life." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201805/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137635E5A060FFD8FC9D978FFC2AFA60" box="[882,948,1486,1512]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1220,1707]" captionTargetId="figure-299@5.[151,1436,1219,1708]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Euphlyctis jaladhara sp. nov. A) dorsal view; B) ventral view (ZSI/WGRC/A/2948)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201809/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A060FFD8FF2897B3FB24F96C" blockId="4.[151,1437,945,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
|
||
A small sized skittering frog (SVL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FD8097B3FD4BF984" box="[623,725,1522,1548]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.78" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="37.8">37.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
) with lean, elongated, and squat body; head width subequal to head length (HW =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FE979457FE41F9B8" box="[376,479,1558,1584]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="14.3">14.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
; HL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FDC09457FD09F9B8" box="[559,663,1558,1584]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="13.9">13.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
); snout acutely pointed (SL = 4.0 mm) and subequal to eye diameter (EL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FF30947BFEA7F9DC" box="[223,313,1594,1620]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="4.7">4.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
); canthus rostralis angled, loreal region flat, inter-orbital space flat (IUE =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FB92947BFB4AF9DC" box="[1149,1236,1594,1620]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
) half of the upper lid (UEW =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FEF1941FFEEAF9F0" box="[286,372,1630,1656]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and subequal to internarial distance (IN =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FCBF941FFC37F9F0" box="[848,937,1630,1656]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
); distance between the back of eyes 1.7 times more than front of eyes (IFE =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FE1294C3FDC9F914" box="[509,599,1666,1693]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; IBE =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FD5E94C3FC92F914" box="[689,780,1666,1692]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="9.2">9.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
); nostrils oval, on the lateral sides and nearer to the tip of snout; symphysial knob moderate; tympanum distinct, visible below the supratympanic fold (TYD =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FAE294E7FAFAF948" box="[1293,1380,1702,1728]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and close to the eye (TE =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FE7A948BFE71F96C" box="[405,495,1738,1764]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
); vomerine ridges present, weak; tongue bifid without a papilla.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A060FFD8FF2894AFFB1FF8FC" blockId="4.[151,1437,945,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
|
||
Forearm robust and short (FLL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FDD194AFFD09F880" box="[574,663,1774,1801]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
), slightly shorter than the hand (HAL = 9.0 mm); fingers thin without any dermal fringes, first finger (FL1 =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FDA39553FD3AF8A4" box="[588,676,1810,1836]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
) longer than the second finger (FL2 =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FBB79553FB31F8A4" box="[1112,1199,1810,1836]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and shorter than the third finger (TFL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FE959577FE48F8D8" box="[378,470,1846,1872]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
), tips blunt without any enlarged discs, webbing between fingers absent; subarticular tubercles moderate, rounded and pre-pollex tubercle and supernumerary tubercles absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A060FFD9FF28953FFC1CFF5D" blockId="4.[151,1437,945,2017]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,682]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="424" pageId="4" pageNumber="423">
|
||
Hind limbs long, touch each other when folded at right angles to the body, and tibio-tarsal articulation reaches nostril; femur length subequal to tibia length (FL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FD3995E3FCA2F834" box="[726,828,1954,1980]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.09" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="20.9">20.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
; TiL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FC6395E3FC6AF834" box="[908,1012,1954,1980]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="19.4">19.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
); foot length is 1.9 times tarsus length (FOL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FF1D9587FEC6F868" box="[242,344,1990,2016]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.97" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="19.7">19.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, TaL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FE439587FD9BF868" box="[428,517,1990,2016]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="9.9">9.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
), relative toe length I<II<III<V<IV (FTL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD8FC1F9587FBC8F868" box="[1008,1110,1990,2016]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="11.7">11.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
); inner toe minute (ITL =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A060FFD9FA969587FF59FF39" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="424" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
), webbing complete, no phalanges free on toes; inner metatarsal tubercle (IMT = 2.0 mm) distinct, outer metatarsal tubercle, supernumerary tubercles and tarsal tubercle absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A061FFD9FF28929EFB9FFE25" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,682]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
|
||
In preservative (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137635E5A061FFD9FE91929EFE5DFF71" box="[382,451,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1220,1707]" captionTargetId="figure-299@5.[151,1436,1219,1708]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Euphlyctis jaladhara sp. nov. A) dorsal view; B) ventral view (ZSI/WGRC/A/2948)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201809/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), overall skin on the dorsum smooth uniform with few minute projected granular spots, but concentrated at the region of the vent; ventrally smooth on throat, belly, hands, and back of thighs. Porous warts absent. Colour on the dorsum dark, stone black mottled patches on the light grey background; limbs not barred but thighs faintly barred. On the lateral sides, a distinct black line from the back of the shoulder to the groin separates the dark dorsal colour from the ventral white colour. Ventrally, throat, belly, forehand, thighs, tibia, and tarsus uniform cream white, hand and foot light grey. Back of thigh with a single white band.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A061FFD9FF2893F6FDD7FDB5" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,682]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
|
||
In life (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137635E5A061FFD9FEF193F6FEFAFE59" box="[286,356,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1170,1194]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,705,1147]" captionTargetId="figure-282@5.[151,1436,705,1147]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. A) Male and B) Female of Euphlyctis jaladhara sp. nov. in life." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201805/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), dorsal upper surface of the forearm, hand, thigh, tibia, tarsus, and entire dorsum light cream background with olive green irregular blotched pattern. Lateral sides of the body with a distinct black line from the back of shoulders to the groin separating the upper dark colour from the ventral light colour. Eye diamond-shaped, pupil black, iris golden brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137635E5A061FFD9FE189062FDA2FDB5" box="[503,572,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1170,1194]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,705,1147]" captionTargetId="figure-282@5.[151,1436,705,1147]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. A) Male and B) Female of Euphlyctis jaladhara sp. nov. in life." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201805/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A061FFD9FF289006FAB6FD21" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,682]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
|
||
Secondary sexual characters and sexual dimorphism (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137635E5A061FFD9FCF49006FCC1FDE9" box="[795,863,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1220,1707]" captionTargetId="figure-299@5.[151,1436,1219,1708]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Euphlyctis jaladhara sp. nov. A) dorsal view; B) ventral view (ZSI/WGRC/A/2948)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201809/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
): Adult males have a pair of dark black external vocal sacs at the lateral sides of the throat (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137635E5A061FFD9FDBC902AFD08FD0D" box="[595,662,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1220,1707]" captionTargetId="figure-299@5.[151,1436,1219,1708]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Euphlyctis jaladhara sp. nov. A) dorsal view; B) ventral view (ZSI/WGRC/A/2948)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201809/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), but the nuptial pads are absent on the first finger. In general, females have grey spots on the entire ventral region (as compared to the white ventral side of the males) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137635E5A061FFD9FB3A90CEFA85FD21" box="[1237,1307,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,1220,1707]" captionTargetId="figure-299@5.[151,1436,1219,1708]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Euphlyctis jaladhara sp. nov. A) dorsal view; B) ventral view (ZSI/WGRC/A/2948)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201809/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3279E8A061FFD9FF7896D3FC3EFB23" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201805" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201805" box="[151,928,1170,1195]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201805/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" startId="5.[151,250,1170,1194]" targetBox="[151,1436,705,1147]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A061FFD9FF7896D3FC3EFB23" blockId="5.[151,928,1170,1195]" box="[151,928,1170,1195]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A061FFD9FF7896D3FE8DFB22" bold="true" box="[151,275,1170,1194]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
A) Male and B) Female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A061FFD9FDC596D2FC9EFB23" authority="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti, 2022" authorityName="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti" authorityYear="2022" box="[554,768,1171,1195]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaladhara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A061FFD9FDC596D2FC9EFB23" box="[554,768,1171,1195]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Euphlyctis jaladhara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A061FFD9FCE996D2FCC8FB23" bold="true" box="[774,854,1171,1195]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A4809A061FFD9FCE996D2FCC8FB23" box="[774,854,1171,1195]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in life.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3279E8A061FFD9FF789482FB69F954" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201809" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201809" box="[151,1271,1731,1756]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201809/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" startId="5.[151,250,1731,1755]" targetBox="[152,1436,1220,1707]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A061FFD9FF789482FB69F954" blockId="5.[151,1271,1731,1756]" box="[151,1271,1731,1756]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A061FFD9FF789482FE8DF953" bold="true" box="[151,275,1731,1755]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A061FFD9FE769485FDF1F954" authority="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti, 2022" authorityName="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti" authorityYear="2022" box="[409,623,1732,1756]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaladhara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A061FFD9FE769485FDF1F954" box="[409,623,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Euphlyctis jaladhara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A061FFD9FD9A9485FD5BF954" bold="true" box="[629,709,1732,1756]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A4809A061FFD9FD9A9485FD5BF954" box="[629,709,1732,1756]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A) dorsal view; B) ventral view (ZSI/WGRC/A/2948).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A061FFD9FF28954BFE51F83D" blockId="5.[151,1437,1802,1973]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B25233DA061FFD9FF28954BFE55F83D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3469810305" collectionCode="SVL" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" specimenCount="4" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
Additional information from
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F697C2A061FFD9FDE3954BFDE9F8AC" box="[524,631,1802,1828]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(and other reference collections) and variations: Morphological data are given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CF1CDBA061FFD9FF14956FFED1F8C0" box="[251,335,1838,1864]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,440,464]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric data (in mm) for the type series and reference collections of Euphlyctis jaladhara sp. nov. Prefix ZSI/WGRC/A for *holotype and #paratypes" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3279E8A066FFDEFF7893F9FD2EFE7D" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" tableUuid="DF3279E8A066FFDEFF7893F9FD2EFE7D">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F697C2A061FFD9FEB1956FFE55F8C0" box="[350,459,1838,1864]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
range from
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A061FFD9FDB8956FFD22F8C0" box="[599,700,1838,1864]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7299999999999995" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" unit="mm" value="47.3">47.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A061FFD9FD0E956FFCD8F8C0" box="[737,838,1838,1864]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.21" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" unit="mm" value="62.1">62.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CB1A5A061FFD9FC83956FFC3AF8C0" box="[876,932,1838,1864]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
; all the males in the collections ranged from
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A061FFD9FF789513FF62F8E4" box="[151,252,1874,1900]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.37" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" unit="mm" value="33.7">33.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A061FFD9FECE9513FE1BF8E4" box="[289,389,1874,1900]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.78" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" unit="mm" value="37.8">37.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CB1A5A061FFD9FE459513FE7CF8E4" box="[426,482,1874,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
, and females ranged from
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A061FFD9FCE19513FCEDF8E4" box="[782,883,1874,1900]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.08" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" unit="mm" value="40.8">40.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CB58485A061FFD9FC779513FC62F8E4" box="[920,1020,1874,1900]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.21" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" unit="mm" value="62.1">62.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CB1A5A061FFD9FBCE9513FBC7F8E4" box="[1057,1113,1874,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
. The external morphological characters of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F697C2A061FFD9FEDF9537FE0CF818" box="[304,402,1910,1936]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F697C2A061FFD9FE249537FDA8F818" box="[459,566,1910,1936]" pageId="5" pageNumber="424" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were similar to the reference collections except for the colour characters for sexual dimorphism (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137635E5A061FFD9FE9395DBFE5FF83D" box="[380,449,1946,1973]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1025,1049]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,182,1001]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1436,181,1001]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Type series of Euphlyctis jaladhara sp. nov. dorsal and ventral view, A) (holotype, ZSI/WGRC/A/2948 (male); B) paratype ZSI/WGRC/A/2946 (female); C) paratype ZSI/WGRC/A/2889) (female)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201813/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="424">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF3279E8A062FFDAFF789640FC41FBB5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6201813" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6201813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6201813/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" startId="6.[151,250,1025,1049]" targetBox="[151,1436,182,1001]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A062FFDAFF789640FC41FBB5" blockId="6.[151,1436,1025,1086]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A062FFDAFF789640FE8DFB91" bold="true" box="[151,275,1025,1049]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A062FFDAFE439640FD1FFB91" authority="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti, 2022" authorityName="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti" authorityYear="2022" box="[428,641,1025,1049]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaladhara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A062FFDAFE439640FD1FFB91" box="[428,641,1025,1049]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Euphlyctis jaladhara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A062FFDAFD689640FD49FB91" bold="true" box="[647,727,1025,1049]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A4809A062FFDAFD689640FD49FB91" box="[647,727,1025,1049]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal and ventral view, A) (holotype, ZSI/WGRC/A/2948 (male); B) paratype ZSI/WGRC/A/2946 (female); C) paratype ZSI/WGRC/A/2889) (female).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3577AEBA062FFDAFF28962DFB7DFB79" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A062FFDAFF28962DFB7DFB79" blockId="6.[151,1437,1131,1698]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A062FFDAFF28962DFECCFB0E" bold="true" box="[199,338,1132,1158]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
The new species epithet is derived from the Sanskrit word Jaladhârâ (jala=water + adhâra = reservoir), meaning ‘deposit of water’. The new species is treated as a symbol of freshwater resources, as this frog is seen floating on the surface of freshwater ponds / streams during both day and night time. The species epithet is treated as a noun in apposition to the generic name. Suggested common name: ‘Jaladhara skittering frog’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3577AEBA062FFDAFF2896BAFAE5F929" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A062FFDAFF2896BAFCD9F999" blockId="6.[151,1437,1131,1698]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A062FFDAFF2896BAFDCDFA9D" bold="true" box="[199,595,1275,1302]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Distribution and Natural history:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A062FFDAFDB796BAFCDDFA9D" authority="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti, 2022" authorityName="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti" authorityYear="2022" box="[600,835,1275,1301]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaladhara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A062FFDAFDB796BAFCDDFA9D" box="[600,835,1275,1301]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Euphlyctis jaladhara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A062FFDAFCA696BDFC3FFA9E" bold="true" box="[841,929,1276,1302]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A4809A062FFDAFCA696BDFC3FFA9E" box="[841,929,1276,1302]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is known specifically from Thattekad,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A69F0A062FFDAFABE96BAFA06FA9D" box="[1361,1432,1275,1301]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Kochi</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A69F0A062FFDAFF29975EFEA1FAB1" box="[198,319,1311,1337]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Mangalore</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Konaje, Padil) based on the genetic sequences. Our field studies suggest the presence of the species throughout the western coastal plains (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4989E782A062FFDAFDA59702FD08FAD5" box="[586,662,1347,1373]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||
coastal plain,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4989E782A062FFDAFCD59702FC33FAD5" box="[826,941,1347,1373]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
|
||
coastal plain, and Konkan coastal plain) all along the foothills of the Western Ghats from Thattekad to Daman Ganga River side, Khanvel, Nagar Haveli, and Diu Union Territories of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A69F0A062FFDAFE4197CAFE75FA2D" box="[430,491,1419,1445]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Looking at the distribution range, it appears that the species could be present in any freshwater bodies from Kanyakumari to Diu Union Territories of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A69F0A062FFDAFC9E97EEFC30FA41" box="[881,942,1455,1481]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Although the species is well documented in the western coastal plains of peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A69F0A062FFDAFDBB9792FD0EFA65" box="[596,656,1491,1517]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, its elevational preference all along the westerly slopes of the Western Ghats needs to be assessed with additional field explorations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF22960A062FFDAFF28945DFAE5F929" blockId="6.[151,1437,1131,1698]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">
|
||
In earlier studies, the two sequences AB167938.1 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC5491A062FFDAFCFB945AFBB2F9BE" author="Kurabayashi, A. & Kuramoto, M. & Joshy, H. & Sumida, M." box="[788,1068,1563,1590]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" pagination="525 - 534" refId="ref9346" refString="Kurabayashi, A., Kuramoto, M., Joshy, H. & Sumida, M. (2005) Molecular phylogeny of the ranid frogs from Southwest India based on the mitochondrial ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Zoological Science, 22 (5), 525 - 534. https: // doi. org / 10.2108 / zsj. 22.525" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Kurabayashi
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A062FFDAFC42945DFC76F9BD" box="[941,1000,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and AB530596.1 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC5491A062FFDAFAFF945DFF4FF9D2" author="Hasan, M. & Islam, M. M. & Khan, M. M. R. & Igawa, T. & Alam, M. S. & Djong, H. T. & Kurabayashi, A." pageId="6" pageNumber="425" pagination="389 - 411" refId="ref8918" refString="Hasan, M., Islam, M. M., Khan, M. M. R., Igawa, T., Alam, M. S., Djong, H. T. & Kurabayashi, A. (2014) Genetic divergences of South and Southeast Asian frogs: a case study of several taxa based on 16 S ribosomal RNA gene data with notes on the generic name Fejervarya. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 38 (4), 389 - 411. https: // doi. org / 10.3906 / zoo- 1308 - 36" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Hasan
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A062FFDAFA8E945DFA03F9BD" box="[1377,1437,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) labeled as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A062FFDAFEB59401FD8BF9D1" baseAuthorityName="Frost" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[346,533,1599,1625]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A062FFDAFEB59401FD8BF9D1" box="[346,533,1599,1625]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">E. cyanophlyctis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar to the sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A062FFDAFC6F947EFBF3F9D1" authority="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti, 2022" authorityName="Dinesh & Channakeshavamurthy & Deepak & Shabnam & Ghosh & Deuti" authorityYear="2022" box="[896,1133,1599,1625]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jaladhara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A062FFDAFC6F947EFBF3F9D1" box="[896,1133,1599,1625]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">Euphlyctis jaladhara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A062FFDAFB999401FB4FF9D2" bold="true" box="[1142,1233,1600,1626]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20A4809A062FFDAFB999401FB4FF9D2" box="[1142,1233,1600,1626]" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, generated in this study. Those two sequences along with the new sequences generated in this study formed a clade which indicates the possibilities of the new species in sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D52E3A062FFDAFD5194C9FCE9F929" baseAuthorityName="Frost" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[702,887,1671,1697]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Euphlyctis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="425" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cyanophlyctis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939F572A062FFDAFD5194C9FCE9F929" box="[702,887,1671,1697]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="425">E. cyanophlyctis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the periphery of their range of distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |