229 lines
65 KiB
XML
229 lines
65 KiB
XML
<document id="1949EC1DA259ECC7CBD5F439914C0255" ID-CLB-Dataset="268560" ID-DOI="10.4467/16890027AP.17.003.6967" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1f9bee99-7cc9-4875-b406-04aa7bf0e066" ID-ISSN="1689-0027" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8364376" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.metadata_approvedBy="jonas" IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1695063617941" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Liu, Mingjian, Li, Lifang, Qu, Zhishuai, Luo, Xiaotian, Al-Farraj, Saleh A., Lin, Xiaofeng & Hu, Xiaozhong" docDate="2017" docId="4A1B145EFFC1FFA9532D0CF25A79840C" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaProtozool.56.1.17-37.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Protozoologica 56 (1)" docSource="https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/cb3bc4f7-739f-32f8-92cd-7da31a838cb6/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:64ABA4BEA387EE5C24A0DDEB32CC92E7.2:ActaProtozool.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="64ABA4BEA387EE5C24A0DDEB32CC92E7" docStyleName="ActaProtozool.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Lembadion lucens Kahl 1931" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="B6226C26FFC7FFAE501D09255E52803A" masterDocTitle="Morphological Redescription and SSU rDNA-based Phylogeny of Two Freshwater Ciliates, Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea), with Discussion on the Taxonomic Status of Uronemita sinensis" masterLastPageNumber="37" masterPageNumber="17" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1695229743681" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="6218B6861EF711FD747104DDB610ABBE">Morphological Redescription and SSU rDNA-based Phylogeny of Two Freshwater Ciliates, Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea), with Discussion on the Taxonomic Status of Uronemita sinensis</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="659F575F094FE5559B5A78A988F387C0">Liu, Mingjian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="13C625CAC720EE18219F469D7D71289C">Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Key Laboratory of Mariculture of the Education Ministry of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="88229D1E682D8EBD70CFE8A2EB987240">Li, Lifang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="116419E35A6256127AF1171D86FF6DDB">Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="76C712664F733C1E32961000B9594E6B">Qu, Zhishuai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1AEDC691D7154833D0D6F5740F99A9B0">Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Key Laboratory of Mariculture of the Education Ministry of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B168E0C9C3EEF26F65CCCEA27DB7DFF8">Luo, Xiaotian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7C3C9DCA47275603B6AD4B3982937E79">Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Key Laboratory of Mariculture of the Education Ministry of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CE0B8CE312E2297F4FFA475608C681CB">Al-Farraj, Saleh A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1C0868F3C90C015DCEF75A9749C0FC38">Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="649FC72E506F9D087A775A162FB38C1F">Lin, Xiaofeng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="280CD13E0441810144014D49519FC6F3">Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A51B360936EE728399E861C325496165">Hu, Xiaozhong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8EF33139A9390BCB54C97732BDA902DA">Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Key Laboratory of Mariculture of the Education Ministry of China, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="79876FF7A022F7F4029F74F70F942FA4">Acta Protozoologica</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6E342FCE76156FF62DBC3F11775E065F">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="226C1B923B94AE80112D36A23F584485">2017-09-22</mods:number>
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<treatment id="4A1B145EFFC1FFA9532D0CF25A79840C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8363773" ID-GBIF-Taxon="213217133" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8363773" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A1B145EFFC1FFA9532D0CF25A79840C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A1B145EFFC1FFA9532D0CF25A79840C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="8AA8F6C3FFC1FFA8532D0CF25A36862E" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C20DA548FFC1FFA8532D0CF25A36862E" blockId="6.[816,1464,1426,1936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="F0C6795AFFC1FFA8532D0CF25A36862E" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
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<heading id="99451224FFC1FFA8532D0CF25BE585CB" bold="true" box="[816,1463,1495,1522]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="05B2DECBFFC1FFA8532D0CF25B2285CB" ID-CoL="3T495" ID-ENA="2023650" authority="(Maskell, 1887) Kahl, 1931" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1931" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[816,1392,1495,1522]" class="Oligohymenophorea" family="Lembadionidae" genus="Lembadion" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peniculida" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="lucens">
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<emphasis id="F0C6795AFFC1FFA8532D0CF25A4385C8" bold="true" box="[816,1041,1495,1522]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Lembadion lucens</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="A623D8B9FFC1FFA8543F0CF25A8685CB" author="Maskell W." box="[1058,1236,1495,1521]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref14699" refString="Maskell W. (1887) On the freshwater Infusoria of Wellington district. Trans. NZ Inst. 20: 1 - 19" type="journal article" year="1887">Maskell, 1887</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="A623D8B9FFC1FFA854FB0CFD5B2285CB" author="Kahl A." box="[1254,1392,1495,1522]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" pagination="181 - 398" refId="ref14279" refString="Kahl A. (1931) Urtiere oder Protozoa I: Wimpertiere oder Ciliata (Infusoria). 2. Holotricha. Tierwelt. Dtl. 21: 181 - 398" type="journal article" year="1931">Kahl, 1931</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC1FFA8559C0CF25BE585CB" box="[1409,1463,1495,1521]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Figs</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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2B, D, E,
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<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC1FFA853BA0CDF5DA0862E" box="[935,1010,1530,1556]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">4A–K</figureCitation>
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||
,
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<tableCitation id="8F3090F3FFC1FFA853E20CDF5A0B862E" box="[1023,1113,1530,1556]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[125,181,223,244]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1. Morphometric data of Uronema nigricans (Müller, 1786) Florentin, 1901 (upper line) and Lembadion lucens (Maskell, 1887) Kahl, 1931 (lower line) from life and after protargol staining. Some specific characters of these two species are shown separately." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/96CDF5C0FFC4FFAD506009FA5B4F812B" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" tableUuid="96CDF5C0FFC4FFAD506009FA5B4F812B">Table 1</tableCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8AA8F6C3FFC1FFA8534B0F385B7A86FB" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C20DA548FFC1FFA8534B0F385B7A86FB" blockId="6.[816,1464,1426,1936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
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Although
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<taxonomicName id="05B2DECBFFC1FFA853CC0F385AF9860D" authorityName="Kahl" authorityYear="1931" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[977,1195,1565,1591]" class="Oligohymenophorea" family="Lembadionidae" genus="Lembadion" kingdom="Chromista" order="Peniculida" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="species" species="lucens">
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<emphasis id="F0C6795AFFC1FFA853CC0F385AF9860D" box="[977,1195,1565,1591]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Lembadion lucens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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had been redescribed using silver staining methods several times, its SSU rDNA sequence remained unavailable. Moreover, it had never been found in
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<collectingCountry id="BAA5E5D8FFC1FFA8544C0FA15AC986A4" box="[1105,1179,1668,1694]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">China</collectingCountry>
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. Based on all data available, the species is now redescribed below.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8AA8F6C3FFC1FFA9534B0FEC5E9981F2" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="C20DA548FFC1FFA9534B0FEC5CDB8126" blockId="6.[816,1464,1426,1936]" lastBlockId="7.[125,772,223,1942]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="F0C6795AFFC1FFA8534B0FEC5A0386D9" bold="true" box="[854,1105,1737,1763]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">Improved diagnosis:</emphasis>
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Cell size approximately 45–80 μm × 20–50 μm
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<emphasis id="F0C6795AFFC1FFA853E30FC85A1D873C" box="[1022,1103,1773,1798]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="23">in vivo</emphasis>
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; cell shape oval to long ellipsoidal; large and wide buccal field, occupying about 60– 90% of body length; single contractile vacuole centrally positioned near right margin of cell; 25–35 somatic kineties; single kidney- or L-shaped macronucleus; seven to 10 caudal kinetosomes arranged into two rows, with cilia about 20–30 μm in length; freshwater habitat.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C20DA548FFC0FFA950BE08015E9981F2" blockId="7.[125,772,223,1942]" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="F0C6795AFFC0FFA950BE08015C148104" bold="true" box="[163,582,292,319]" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Deposition of voucher slides:</emphasis>
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Two voucher slides (registration nos. QZS2013102408 and LXT2013102407) have been deposited in Laboratory of Protozoology, Ocean University of
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<collectingCountry id="BAA5E5D8FFC0FFA9525C08A95CD8819C" box="[577,650,396,422]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">China</collectingCountry>
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, Qingdao,
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<collectingCountry id="BAA5E5D8FFC0FFA95060088B5E9581F2" box="[125,199,430,456]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">China</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8AA8F6C3FFC0FFA950BE08F45A79840C" pageId="7" pageNumber="24" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C20DA548FFC0FFA950BE08F45C1285CD" blockId="7.[125,772,223,1942]" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="F0C6795AFFC0FFA950BE08F45F5C8237" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Morphological description based on Zhanjiang population:</emphasis>
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Cell size
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<emphasis id="F0C6795AFFC0FFA9519E08D15F808237" box="[387,466,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">in vivo</emphasis>
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about 45–70 μm × 20–40 μm. Ratio of length to width approximately 3:2 to 2:1. Cell shape constant, oval to long elliptical in outline. Anterior part slightly narrowed with a prominence, and posterior part rounded (
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<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA951D40B5B5C7982A2" box="[457,555,638,664]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA952240B5B5C3382A2" box="[569,609,638,664]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral side deeply concave, while dorsal side prominently convex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA950A70BE65F4982E7" box="[186,283,707,733]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Buccal field extremely large and wide, about 30–45 μm long and 20–35 μm wide, occupying three-fourths to four-fifths of body length, with buccal cilia about 20 μm in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA951CF0A0F5C66837E" box="[466,564,810,836]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA9525C0A0F5CD9837F" box="[577,651,810,837]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Somatic cilia approximately 8 μm long
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C6795AFFC0FFA951EC0A6B5C11835D" box="[497,579,846,871]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||
and densely arranged along long axis of body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA9521E0A4A5C3483B3" box="[515,614,879,905]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA9526E0A4A5CCB83B3" box="[627,665,879,905]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Caudal cilia about 20 μm long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA951890AB75FA78396" box="[404,501,914,940]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA9521D0AB75C748396" box="[512,550,914,940]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pellicle thin with rectangular meshes arranged on middle and posterior parts of cell’s surface. Each mesh has single somatic cilium inserted centrally. Extrusomes not detected. Endoplasm colorless to grayish, containing several to numerous food vacuoles and bar-like refractile granules. Many small spherical lipid droplets located beneath pellicle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA950F90DA65F3984A4" box="[228,363,1155,1182]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 4A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Single contractile vacuole, about 7 µm in diameter when fully expanded, positioned at mid-body near right margin of cell on dorsal side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA952D20DEC5EF0853F" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA950B20DCE5E84853F" box="[175,214,1259,1285]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Collecting canal not detected. Single kidney-or L-shaped macronucleus subequatorially positioned, right side of median line, about 15–30 μm × 5–15 μm in size (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA950CA0C765F0A8557" box="[215,344,1363,1389]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA951790C765FFA8557" box="[356,424,1363,1389]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4F, H</figureCitation>
|
||
). One spherical micronucleus closely associated with macronucleus, approximately 2.5 μm in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA951710CBD5F998588" box="[364,459,1432,1458]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Locomotion achieved by swimming moderately fast while rotating about main body axis continuously without pause.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C20DA548FFC0FFA950BE0CDA5B338104" blockId="7.[125,772,223,1942]" lastBlockId="7.[809,1456,223,1078]" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Ciliature as shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA951A20CDA5C1F8620" box="[447,589,1535,1562]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA9527C0CDA5CFB8623" box="[609,681,1535,1561]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4E–K</figureCitation>
|
||
. About 25–30, usually 28, almost bipolar SK observed. Each SK composed of dikinetids in middle portion and monokinetids at both ends (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA951BF0F425C7A86BB" box="[418,552,1639,1665]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA9522B0F425CC586BB" box="[566,663,1639,1665]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4F, G, J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Middle somatic kinety on dorsal side consisting of about 21–27 basal bodies, of which four to six dikinetids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA952830F895CAC86FC" box="[670,766,1708,1734]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA950600FEA5EEF86D3" box="[125,189,1743,1769]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4G, J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Number of dikinetids gradually increasing from middle somatic kinety, in both left and right directions, to approximately eight to 12 dikinetids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA952770E365CA48714" box="[618,758,1811,1838]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Somatic kinety 1 (kinety on right of buccal field) composed of about 14–23 basal bodies. Basal bodies of caudal cilia arranged into two rows, distributed at posterior part of cell: row on dorsal side consisting of five or six basal bodies, while another row on ventral side composed of two or three basal bodies (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA954D408015B798104" box="[1225,1323,292,318]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA9552A08015B018104" box="[1335,1363,292,318]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4I</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C20DA548FFC0FFA9535208635A83837E" blockId="7.[809,1456,223,1078]" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Buccal apparatus typical of genus, containing one adoral membranelle (AM) and two paroral membranes (PMs) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA9539B08A95DBE819C" box="[902,1004,396,422]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA953E108A95A72819C" box="[1020,1056,396,422]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Adoral membranelle composed of seven rows of densely packed basal bodies located on left margin of buccal cavity. Inner three rows (apart from SKn) almost identical in length while outer rows shortened gradually (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA9543B0B335AD8820A" box="[1062,1162,534,560]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA954840B335AB2820A" box="[1177,1248,534,560]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4F, K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two PMs positioned on right margin of buccal cavity. Kinetids in outer PM (near SK1) arranged in zigzag pattern and longer than inner one, while inner PM seems to be composed of single row of kinetids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA9544A0B855AE78280" box="[1111,1205,672,698]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA954DC0B855AB78280" box="[1217,1253,672,698]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Small bald area presents below posterior end of buccal apparatus, between SKn (kinety on left of buccal field) and SK1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA9532C0A225DC58318" box="[817,919,775,802]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA953BA0A2D5DA18318" box="[935,1011,776,802]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4E, K</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two pairs of basal bodies close to posterior end of SKn (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA954330A0F5ADD837E" box="[1070,1167,810,836]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[125,160,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[152,1438,223,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-6@5.[121,1459,223,1668]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens in vivo (A, B) and after protargol (C–F) staining. (A, B) Right ventrolateral view (A) and ventral view (B) of a representative individual of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respectively, arrows point to contractile vacuole. (C–F) Ventral (C, D) and dorsal (E, F) views of representative individuals of Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens, respec- tively, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. AM, adoral membranelle; CC, basal body of caudal cilia; M1–3, membranelles 1–3; PM, paroral membrane; Sc, scutica; SK1, the somatic kinety right of buccal field; SKn, the somatic kinety left of buccal field. Scale bars: 15 μm (A, C, F); 30 μm (B, D, E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Figs 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA954810A0F5A96837E" box="[1180,1220,810,836]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">4K</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C20DA548FFC0FFA953520A695A79840C" blockId="7.[809,1456,223,1078]" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Silverline system visible
|
||
<emphasis id="F0C6795AFFC0FFA954670A685A98835C" box="[1146,1226,845,870]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||
and after protargol staining, typical for genus, composed of longitudinally arranged silverlines located between SKs, and horizontally arranged silverlines connecting two neighboring longitudinal ones at mid and posterior part of the body, forming rectangular meshes where somatic cilia inserted centrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5A89B9CDFFC0FFA953DE0D395A4D840C" box="[963,1055,1052,1078]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[132,167,1555,1577]" captionTargetBox="[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-163@8.[130,1468,223,1519]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Photomicrographs of Lembadion lucens from life (A–D, with A in bright field illumination and others in DIC microscopy) and after protargol staining (E–K). (A, B) Ventral views of representative individuals, cell in B was slightly depressed. Arrow shows caudal cilia. (C) Dorsal view, arrowhead points to the contractile vacuole. (D) Apical view, revealing the shape of cross section. Arrow shows oral cilia. (E) Ventral view of a stained cell, showing the silverline system. (F, G) Ventral (F) and dorsal (G) view of a representative individual, to show the ciliature and nuclear apparatus. (H) Micronucleus (arrow) and macronucleus. (I) Ventral view of posterior portion.Arrows depict two basal body rows of caudal cilia. (J) Mid portion of dorsal view, illustrating the monokinetids and dikinetids. (K) Detailed view, arrows show the two separated pairs of basal bodies and arrowheads indicate the posterior ends of four gradually shortened outer rows of adoral membranelle. Scale bars: 30 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8364384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8364384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="24">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |