269 lines
35 KiB
XML
269 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="F6E51015DDAC0A02A0E98E2B376163D6" ID-CLB-Dataset="199055" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5214.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="29c7879d-a40a-45b4-8912-5947211ce2b1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7381826" ID-ZooBank="6E7723FD-44F7-48F0-BDB3-A5A624350ED5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1669811464691" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Galea, Horia R., Maggioni, Davide & Galli, Paolo" docDate="2022" docId="03EB87C9FF9A4D77FF22FCA4FD68F833" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5214.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5214 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zygophylax infundibulum Millard 1958" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FFD2FFB1FF914D7AFFB5FFE6FFF4FFC4" masterDocTitle="On some species of Zygophylax Quelch, 1885 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Zygophylacidae) from off New Caledonia" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1699412625944" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="64D4903B752823FF249F648052DCF1F2">On some species of Zygophylax Quelch, 1885 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Zygophylacidae) from off New Caledonia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9D88782DE6F1CA5828CE68BC386DE404">Galea, Horia R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="826E0BD5E4AF38D4A3C8AA5965CC7609">Hydrozoan Research Laboratory, 405 Chemin Les Gatiers, 83170 Tourves, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="80EBBF799B373491F8F7AA352D803E4E">Maggioni, Davide</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="40818988E1DEAA36610F07D89F357D62">Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Terra, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy. & Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Marine and High Education (MaRHE) Center, 12030 Faafu Magoodhoo, Republic of the Maldives.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4B52EF5DAB8AA0E4E3CEF5CEB4109789">Galli, Paolo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2360C0379302F4C95132053C501DAD18">Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Terra, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy. & Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Marine and High Education (MaRHE) Center, 12030 Faafu Magoodhoo, Republic of the Maldives.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="4B573E5E0BC5F2E3FF9E7BF05B123DE4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="33EB0460A26D77B943F8D18C1A780CA9">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1B4C9D0E604D0F5B9EFF528FFAC41E6F">2022-11-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D0AF6C97A11641BE719F26B0CA3B89DE">5214</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03EB87C9FF9A4D77FF22FCA4FD68F833" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7383641" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205364176" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7383641" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB87C9FF9A4D77FF22FCA4FD68F833" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EB87C9FF9A4D77FF22FCA4FD68F833" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="C3586554FF9A4D71FF22FCA4FD71FC98" box="[151,645,834,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFD36DFFF9A4D71FF22FCA4FD71FC98" blockId="11.[151,645,834,897]" box="[151,645,834,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="D0B581B3FF9A4D71FF22FCA4FD71FC98" bold="true" box="[151,645,834,861]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D5CFF9A4D71FF22FCA4FD71FC98" ID-CoL="5DBKX" authority="Millard, 1958" authorityName="Millard" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,645,834,861]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="infundibulum">
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<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9A4D71FF22FCA4FD71FC98" bold="true" box="[151,645,834,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9A4D71FF22FCA4FE20FC99" bold="true" box="[151,468,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Zygophylax infundibulum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B2EFF9A4D71FE69FCA4FD71FC98" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[476,645,834,860]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="165 - 226" refId="ref24111" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1958) Hydrozoa from the coasts of Natal and Portuguese East Africa. Part I. Calyptoblastea. Annals of the South African Museum, 44 (5), 165 - 226." type="journal article" year="1958">Millard, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3586554FF9A4D71FF22FC81FE49FC45" box="[151,445,870,897]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFD36DFFF9A4D71FF22FC81FE49FC45" blockId="11.[151,645,834,897]" box="[151,445,870,897]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13792A5AFF9A4D71FF2AFC81FF1CFC45" box="[159,232,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,781,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-285@12.[151,1436,777,1859]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Zygophylax infundibulum Millard, 1958 (part). A. Apical part of a colony. B–H. Cauline (B, C), axillar (D–F) and cladial (G, H) hydrothecae. From samples MNHN-IK-2015-3064 (B, D, G) and -2019-2150 (A, C, E, F, H). Scale bars: B–H = 300 µm; A = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381838/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13792A5AFF9A4D71FF41FC81FEF0FC45" box="[244,260,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1515,1539]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,186,1492]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[183,1405,181,1492]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Zygophylax infundibulum Millard, 1958 (continued). A, B. Simple (A) and renovated (B) nematothecae borne on the cladial apophyses supporting the hydrothecae. C, D. Gonothecae arising, at various levels, from the nematothecate tubuli. All from sample MNHN-IK-2019-2150. Scale bars: A, B = 100 µm; C, D = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381842/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13792A5AFF9A4D71FEA5FC80FEDBFC45" box="[272,303,870,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,561,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-223@40.[151,1436,561,1896]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 25. Phylogenetic hypothesis for the Zygophylaciidae based on the 16S rRNA gene. Numbers at nodes refer to support values of the maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference and maximum parsimony analyses, respectively, and are shown only when> 70 and 0.7. Sequences generated in this study are followed by voucher numbers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381892" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381892/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">25</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6C00364FF9A4D71FE8FFC81FE6DFC45" box="[314,409,871,897]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 3. Measurements (in µm) of some species of Zygophylax." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3D6657FF964D7DFF22FF71FCAFFF6B" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" tableUuid="DF3D6657FF964D7DFF22FF71FCAFFF6B">Tables 3</tableCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C6C00364FF9A4D71FE13FC81FE40FC45" box="[422,436,871,897]" captionStart="TABLE 8" captionStartId="41.[151,233,472,498]" captionTargetBox="[151,2024,501,1730]" captionText="TABLE 8. Pairwise genetic distances between and within zygophylacid species, calculated as uncorrected p-distances ± standard deviations (in %). N.C. stands for non-calculable." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3D6657FFB84D53FF22FE3EF8DDFE36" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" tableUuid="DF3D6657FFB84D53FF22FE3EF8DDFE36">8</tableCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3586554FF9A4D71FF22FC4DFF0AFC26" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BFD36DFFF9A4D71FF22FC4DFF0AFC26" blockId="11.[151,1436,939,994]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5211F1FF9A4D71FF22FC4DFF0AFC26" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE310CEFF9A4D71FF22FC4DFD90FC07" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[151,612,939,963]" page="180" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1958">
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D5CFF9A4D71FF22FC4DFD90FC07" ID-CoL="5DBKX" authority="Millard, 1958: 180" authorityName="Millard" authorityPageNumber="180" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,612,939,963]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="infundibulum">
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||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9A4D71FF22FC4DFE6FFC07" box="[151,411,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Zygophylax infundibulum</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B2EFF9A4D71FE17FC4DFD90FC07" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[418,612,939,963]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="165 - 226" refId="ref24111" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1958) Hydrozoa from the coasts of Natal and Portuguese East Africa. Part I. Calyptoblastea. Annals of the South African Museum, 44 (5), 165 - 226." type="journal article" year="1958">Millard, 1958: 180</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 4B–C.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AE310CEFF9A4D71FD44FC4DFC41FC07" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[753,949,939,963]" page="143" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1980">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B2EFF9A4D71FD44FC4DFC41FC07" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[753,949,939,963]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="129 - 153" refId="ref24280" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1980) The South African Museum's Meiring Naude cruises. Part 11. Hydroida. Annals of the South African Museum, 82 (4), 129 - 153." type="journal article" year="1980">Millard, 1980: 143</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 4D.—
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE310CEFF9A4D71FB90FC4DFADEFC07" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3853150" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3853150" author="Campos, F. F. & Perez, C. D. & Puce, S. & Marques, A. C." box="[1061,1322,939,963]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039887B9C9120D24FF2FFF01FBE7FE54" page="545" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2020">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B2EFF9A4D71FB90FC4DFADEFC07" author="Campos, F. F. & Perez, C. D. & Puce, S. & Marques, A. C." box="[1061,1322,939,963]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="535 - 552" refId="ref22608" refString="Campos, F. F., Perez, C. D., Puce, S. & Marques, A. C. (2020) A new species of Zygophylax (Quelch, 1885) (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from South Africa, with taxonomic notes on the southern African species of the genus. Zootaxa, 4779 (4), 535 - 552. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4779.4.5" type="journal article" year="2020">
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Campos
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<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9A4D71FB34FC4AFB5AFC07" box="[1153,1198,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">et al</emphasis>
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., 2020: 545
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 4 (
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<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9A4D71FAC7FC4AFF1DFC26" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">cum syn</emphasis>
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||
.).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3586554FF9A4D71FF22FBF6FD5CFA56" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFD36DFFF9A4D71FF22FBF6FD5CFA56" blockId="11.[151,1437,1040,2039]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9A4D71FF22FBF6FE88FBEE" bold="true" box="[151,380,1040,1066]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Material examined</emphasis>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="3B2A3C82FF9A4D71FE38FBF6FD50FA56" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3979548303" accessionNumber="OP724368, OP724369, OP724370" collectorName="Stn. DW & Stn. CP" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCount="1">
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MNHN-IK-2015-3064, KANACONO
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<collectorName id="26B75309FF9A4D71FCFDFBF6FC5BFBEE" box="[840,943,1040,1066]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stn. DW</collectorName>
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4737: five colonies,
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<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FB2FFBF6FAF1FBEF" box="[1178,1285,1040,1067]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="4.25" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–6 cm</quantity>
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||
high, largest with a 4 ×
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||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FEA7FBD2FEA0FB8B" box="[274,340,1076,1103]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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||
(incipient) coppinia. —MNHN-IK-2019-2150, KANACONO
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||
<collectorName id="26B75309FF9A4D71FBADFBD2FB89FB8A" box="[1048,1149,1076,1102]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stn. DW</collectorName>
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||
4780: a colony composed of three densely-branched stems, to 7 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FDE0FBBEFD78FBB7" box="[597,652,1112,1139]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
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||
(height × width), growing on worm tube; one stem is fertile and bears an originally 10 ×
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||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FEDCFB9AFE5EFB53" box="[361,426,1148,1175]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
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||
coppinia (now dissected); GenBank:
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<accessionNumber id="9411AB3CFF9A4D71FCE6FB9AFC3AFB53" box="[851,974,1148,1175]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OP724368" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">OP724368</accessionNumber>
|
||
.—MNHN-IK-2019-2151, KANACONO
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||
<collectorName id="26B75309FF9A4D71FF22FB46FF0BFB7E" box="[151,255,1184,1210]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stn. DW</collectorName>
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||
4749: four badly-preserved, sparingly-branched colony fragments, to
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FBABFB46FB92FB7F" box="[1054,1126,1184,1211]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="16.0">16 cm</quantity>
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||
high; one of them bears a 12 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FF63FB22FEEDFB1B" box="[214,281,1220,1247]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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||
coppinia; GenBank:
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9411AB3CFF9A4D71FDBBFB22FD7CFB1B" box="[526,648,1220,1247]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OP724369" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">OP724369</accessionNumber>
|
||
.—MNHN-IK-2019-2152, KANACONO
|
||
<collectorName id="26B75309FF9A4D71FBD7FB22FB3EFB1A" box="[1122,1226,1220,1246]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stn. DW</collectorName>
|
||
4781: a 9 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FAE3FB22FA68FB1B" box="[1366,1436,1220,1247]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="11.0">11 cm</quantity>
|
||
colony bearing a 8 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FE3FFB0EFE38FAC7" box="[394,460,1256,1283]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
coppinia near its base; GenBank:
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9411AB3CFF9A4D71FCE6FB0EFC3AFAC7" box="[851,974,1256,1283]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OP724370" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">OP724370</accessionNumber>
|
||
.—MNHN-IK-2019-2155, KANACONO
|
||
<collectorName id="26B75309FF9A4D71FF22FAEAFEF4FAE2" box="[151,256,1292,1318]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stn. DW</collectorName>
|
||
4741: two sterile colonies, 17 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FDCDFAEAFD4BFAE3" box="[632,703,1292,1319]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="11.0">11 cm</quantity>
|
||
and 6.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FCF6FAEAFC67FAE3" box="[835,915,1292,1319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="4.5">4.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
.—MNHN-IK-2019-2153, KANACONO
|
||
<collectorName id="26B75309FF9A4D71FAC5FAEAFF3CFA8E" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stn. DW</collectorName>
|
||
4743: two badly-preserved colonies, one 6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FD7DFAD6FCE1FA8F" box="[712,789,1328,1355]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="4.5">4.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
and sterile, the other 8 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FB88FAD6FB7EFA8F" box="[1085,1162,1328,1355]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="6.5">6.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
and bearing three small coppinia.—MNHN-IK-2019-2148, KANACONO
|
||
<collectorName id="26B75309FF9A4D71FD66FAB2FCD8FAAA" box="[723,812,1364,1390]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Stn. CP</collectorName>
|
||
4786: a 11 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FC70FAB2FBE1FAAB" box="[965,1045,1364,1391]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="6.5">6.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
, sparingly-branched, rather badlypreserved colony bearing a 8 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FE4DFA9EFDCDFA57" box="[504,569,1400,1427]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
coppinia
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3586554FF9A4D76FF72FA7AFC9AFD35" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFD36DFFF9A4D76FF72FA7AFC9AFD35" blockId="11.[151,1437,1040,2039]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,753]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9A4D71FF72FA7AFEA5FA72" bold="true" box="[199,337,1436,1462]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Whole, well-preserved colonies flabellate, to 9 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FC17FA7AFC19FA73" box="[930,1005,1436,1463]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="cm" value="11.0">11 cm</quantity>
|
||
, relatively stiff, quite able to support themselves when out of liquid; main stem branched irregularly in a single plane, bearing up to 4
|
||
<superScript id="7C379B97FF9A4D71FAB4FA26FAFAFA0A" attach="left" box="[1281,1294,1472,1486]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">th</superScript>
|
||
lower-order branches; stem and branches fascicled, the former up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FD4DFA02FCC2FA3B" box="[760,822,1508,1535]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide above origin from hydrorhiza; the latter composed of dense, branched, anastomosed stolonal fibers spreading over the substrate and firmly attaching the colonies to it. Main tube of the stem usually undivided, though occasional transverse nodes may occur; structurally regular, built up of stacked modules, each comprising a proximal, well-developed apophysis (together with its axillary hydrotheca atop its own apophysis) supporting a cladium, followed above by two short apophyses supporting two alternate hydrothecae, and distally a second cladial apophysis (together with its corresponding axillar hydrotheca borne on its own apophysis) on opposite side with respect to its proximal counterpart; a slight bent is introduced in the structure of the stem at each cladial apophysis, giving it a slightly geniculate appearance, solely noticeable in its distalmost, monosiphonic portion. Auxiliary tubes of the stem running parallel to the main tube, occasionally branching and anastomosing, and devoid of nematothecae. Apophyses supporting the cladia usually bearing a nematotheca (but occasionally up to 4) close to the distal, transverse node that makes the junction with the corresponding cladium; the latter up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9A4D71FEAEF896FEA9F84F" box="[283,349,1904,1931]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, divided by transverse nodes into irregularly-long internodes bearing 1–6 short apophyses, each supporting a hydrotheca; a nematotheca on the abaxial side of each apophysis; up to 20 hydrothecae per cladium; gradually developing cladia increasingly fascicled from base to tip, and ending up forming new branches. Hydrothecae on stem, branches and cladia biseriate, alternate, distinctly shifted on to the “anterior” side of the colony, forming an acute angle between the two rows; borne on distinct, elongated pedicels, usually smooth-walled, occasionally wrinkled to ringed; pedicels indistinctly merging into their corresponding hydrothecae, junction marked internally by an oblique diaphragm whose internal, abaxial edge projects slightly upwards with respect to that of the opposite side; hydropore circular in apical view; hydrothecae long, tubular, distally bent adaxially, apertures facing alternatively upward and inward (the axillar hydrothecae have their apertures facing upward); rim flared, circular; perisarc of hydrotheca finely and densely-striated transversely. Hydranths, although strongly contracted within their respective hydrothecae, provided with
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9D4D76FD6FFE89FD00FE4C" box="[730,756,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">ca</emphasis>
|
||
. 12 filiform tentacles. Nematothecae all alike, short, barrelshaped, occasionally renovated once or twice, aperture distal, small, circular. Coppinia arising irregularly within a colony, generally on a branch; muff-shaped, to
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9D4D76FD07FE51FCF6FE15" box="[690,770,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CBA9B3AFF9D4D76FCC0FE50FC43FE15" box="[885,951,438,465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; composed of numerous, closely-set, dichotomously- and repeatedly-branched distally, nematophorous tubules, arising from the accessory tubes of the stem; gonothecae free from one another, given off, at varied levels, from the long, proximal, unbranched portion of the tubules; broadly urn-shaped, tapering basally, gradually expanding distally, ending in 2–3 short, funnel-shaped, upwardly-facing neck regions, each bearing apically a rounded, non-operculate aperture; walls of gonotheca thick, outer surface finely and densely-striated transversely; lumen occupied by up to 10 large, almost spherical oocytes; gonothecae deeply-immersed in a dense, thick canopy formed by the distal, anastomosed parts of the nematophorous tubules; nematothecae present here and there along the tubules, either long and tubular or renovated and “divided” by 1–2 transverse constrictions; aperture distal, rounded, minute.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF3D6657FF9D4D76FF22F8BCFEABF87E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381838" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7381838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381838/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[151,250,1882,1906]" targetBox="[154,1436,781,1859]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFD36DFFF9D4D76FF22F8BCFEABF87E" blockId="12.[151,1437,1882,1979]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9D4D76FF22F8BCFEE7F8B7" bold="true" box="[151,275,1882,1907]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C424D5CFF9D4D76FEAFF8BDFD44F8B7" authority="Millard, 1958" authorityName="Millard" authorityYear="1958" box="[282,688,1883,1907]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="infundibulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9D4D76FEAFF8BDFDEAF8B7" box="[282,542,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Zygophylax infundibulum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B2EFF9D4D76FD91F8BDFD44F8B7" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[548,688,1883,1907]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="165 - 226" refId="ref24111" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1958) Hydrozoa from the coasts of Natal and Portuguese East Africa. Part I. Calyptoblastea. Annals of the South African Museum, 44 (5), 165 - 226." type="journal article" year="1958">Millard, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(part). A. Apical part of a colony. B–H. Cauline (B, C), axillar (D–F) and cladial (G, H) hydrothecae. From samples MNHN-IK-2015-3064 (B, D, G) and -2019-2150 (A, C, E, F, H). Scale bars: B–H = 300 µm; A = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3D6657FF9C4D77FF22FA0DFC06F988" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7381842" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7381842" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7381842/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[151,250,1515,1539]" targetBox="[183,1405,186,1492]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFD36DFFF9C4D77FF22FA0DFC06F988" blockId="13.[151,1437,1515,1612]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9C4D77FF22FA0DFEE0F9C0" bold="true" box="[151,276,1515,1540]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C424D5CFF9C4D77FEAEFA0AFD46F9C0" authority="Millard, 1958" authorityName="Millard" authorityYear="1958" box="[283,690,1516,1540]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="infundibulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9C4D77FEAEFA0AFDEBF9C0" box="[283,543,1516,1540]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Zygophylax infundibulum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B2EFF9C4D77FD93FA0AFD46F9C0" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[550,690,1516,1540]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="165 - 226" refId="ref24111" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1958) Hydrozoa from the coasts of Natal and Portuguese East Africa. Part I. Calyptoblastea. Annals of the South African Museum, 44 (5), 165 - 226." type="journal article" year="1958">Millard, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(continued). A, B. Simple (A) and renovated (B) nematothecae borne on the cladial apophyses supporting the hydrothecae. C, D. Gonothecae arising, at various levels, from the nematothecate tubuli. All from sample MNHN-IK-2019-2150. Scale bars: A, B = 100 µm; C, D = 500 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3586554FF9C4D77FF72F993FE87F84F" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFD36DFFF9C4D77FF72F993FF48F93F" blockId="13.[151,1437,1653,2039]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9C4D77FF72F993FEC0F94B" bold="true" box="[199,308,1653,1679]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The hydrothecal pedicels are commonly smooth-walled but, occasionally, can be wrinkled to ringed. The hydrothecae are usually distinctly curved adaxially (
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9C4D77FCA8F97FFCB1F976" box="[797,837,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
MNHN-IK-2019-2150), though specimens with less curved thecae also occur (
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9C4D77FE74F95BFE1DF912" box="[449,489,1725,1750]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
MNHN-IK-2019-2151). The hydro- and gonothecal striations were not reported so far.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFD36DFFF9C4D77FF72F8E3FE87F84F" blockId="13.[151,1437,1653,2039]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
This hydroid resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C424D5CFF9C4D77FE6CF8E3FCE0F8DB" authority="Totton, 1930" authorityName="Totton" authorityYear="1930" box="[473,788,1797,1823]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Zygophylacidae" genus="Zygophylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="unilateralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9C4D77FE6CF8E3FD8DF8DB" box="[473,633,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Z. unilateralis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B2EFF9C4D77FD34F8E3FCE0F8DB" author="Totton, A. K." box="[641,788,1797,1823]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="131 - 252" refId="ref25127" refString="Totton, A. K. (1930) Coelenterata. Part V. Hydroida. Natural History Report of the British Antarctic (" Terra Nova ") Expedition, 1910. Zoology, 5 (5), 131 - 252." type="journal article" year="1930">Totton, 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but there are a couple of characters allowing them to be readily separated: 1) “the proportions of the hydrothecae, which are more slender (
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9C4D77FB9DF8CFFBB3F886" box="[1064,1095,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sic</emphasis>
|
||
)” in the former (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B2EFF9C4D77FAB4F8CFFF30F8A3" author="Millard, N. A. H." pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="165 - 226" refId="ref24111" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1958) Hydrozoa from the coasts of Natal and Portuguese East Africa. Part I. Calyptoblastea. Annals of the South African Museum, 44 (5), 165 - 226." type="journal article" year="1958">Millard 1958: 181</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); 2) the gonothecae of the latter are “sac-shaped, swollen and more or less oval to round in outline” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B2EFF9C4D77FAF3F8ABFE93F84F" author="Rees, W. J. & Vervoort, W." pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 209" refId="ref24891" refString="Rees, W. J. & Vervoort, W. (1987) Hydroids from the John Murray expedition to the Indian Ocean, with revisory notes on Hydrodendron, Abietinella, Cryptolaria and Zygophylax (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 237, 1 - 209." type="journal article" year="1987">Rees & Vervoort 1987: 77</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3586554FF9C4D77FF72F872FD68F833" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFD36DFFF9C4D77FF72F872FD68F833" blockId="13.[151,1437,1653,2039]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9C4D77FF72F872FEADF86A" bold="true" box="[199,345,1940,1966]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F355764FFF9C4D77FEDEF873FE09F86B" box="[363,509,1941,1967]" name="South Africa" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B2EFF9C4D77FDBBF873FD5DF86B" author="Millard, N. A. H." box="[526,681,1940,1967]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 513" refId="ref24248" refString="Millard, N. A. H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 68, 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), off northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F355764FFF9C4D77FCE6F873FC2EF86B" box="[851,986,1941,1967]" name="Madagascar" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B2EFF9C4D77FC59F873FB21F86B" author="Campos, F. F. & Perez, C. D. & Puce, S. & Marques, A. C." box="[1004,1237,1941,1967]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="535 - 552" refId="ref22608" refString="Campos, F. F., Perez, C. D., Puce, S. & Marques, A. C. (2020) A new species of Zygophylax (Quelch, 1885) (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from South Africa, with taxonomic notes on the southern African species of the genus. Zootaxa, 4779 (4), 535 - 552. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4779.4.5" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Campos
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9C4D77FBE1F873FB7CF86B" box="[1108,1160,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F355764FFF9C4D77FB59F873FA69F86B" box="[1260,1437,1941,1967]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(present study). A record from southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F355764FFF9C4D77FDE7F85FFD62F817" box="[594,662,1977,2003]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B2EFF9C4D77FD11F85FFC70F817" author="Miranda, T. P. & Genzano, G. N. & Marques, A. C." box="[676,900,1976,2003]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="484 - 506" refId="ref24320" refString="Miranda, T. P., Genzano, G. N. & Marques, A. C. (2015) Areas of endemism in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean based on the distribution of benthic hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zootaxa, 4033 (4), 484 - 506. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4033.4.2" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Miranda
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9C4D77FCBEF85FFCCFF817" box="[779,827,1977,2003]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), cited by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B2EFF9C4D77FC40F85FFB15F817" author="Campos, F. F. & Perez, C. D. & Puce, S. & Marques, A. C." box="[1013,1249,1977,2003]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="535 - 552" refId="ref22608" refString="Campos, F. F., Perez, C. D., Puce, S. & Marques, A. C. (2020) A new species of Zygophylax (Quelch, 1885) (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from South Africa, with taxonomic notes on the southern African species of the genus. Zootaxa, 4779 (4), 535 - 552. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4779.4.5" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Campos
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EACDFF9C4D77FBE2F85FFB73F817" box="[1111,1159,1977,2003]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, is not supported by a formal assessment of its specific identity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |