376 lines
45 KiB
XML
376 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="BD0AF5116D240430FE04DE6FB3ED0C5D" ID-CLB-Dataset="36779" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3873.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4ddd47bf-37f6-4d4f-91dd-a5cc7076f478" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="287237" ID-ZooBank="651E5898-502F-4BD7-AFD0-1EACC556A4B5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460933217111" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cuervo, Andrés M., Stiles, F. Gary, Lentino, Miguel, Brumfield, Robb T. & Derryberry, Elizabeth P." docDate="2014" docId="322687DEFF92FFFE5EAAF8DBFE3DC69E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03873p024.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3873 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Myiopagis olallai subsp. coopmansi" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="CE1FFFA6FF95FFF55E3DFFFDFF9EC64B" masterDocTitle="Geographic variation and phylogenetic relationships of Myiopagis olallai (Aves: Passeriformes; Tyrannidae), with the description of two new taxa from the Northern Andes" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698582500033" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="0BD6C8B2F15A28C01FE33EF8574E0B04" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="509657391232BFA740BFD1C050901D32">
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<mods:title id="C35A9F3C623AC366AC7DE8935FDD8873">Geographic variation and phylogenetic relationships of Myiopagis olallai (Aves: Passeriformes; Tyrannidae), with the description of two new taxa from the Northern Andes</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EEAE256C1E775261363442523B075A65">Cuervo, Andrés M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E09801F578C7F5D6212EBED22450E1C7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9E71D55C455563F005CC9D7E514BD305">Stiles, F. Gary</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="BE0A04C192D4CC2882EE8686B455B87B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="168482AE70F4F1C9AD048572B3CFAD5B">Lentino, Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F1B62A529C614A741A95F6D4E9606F09">Brumfield, Robb T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2FEBB66196C93CFB20FD3F941B545D1D">Derryberry, Elizabeth P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="42790D007BCFE6B4D15BF7EFB4E67F0A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A1485B059BB9059E2A4B07EDB75D41DF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FADA992F3AD5D008144D7012C1D3034D">
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<mods:date id="270C958A50400C43FB53127EB12B910C">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="BD035B45432E3F2A3D5D7C4F2B80787C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2E5B0C5590547B8298E60469066483AA">3873</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="2C32F19DF15DB56348B0D5786D071B10" type="issue">
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<treatment id="322687DEFF92FFFE5EAAF8DBFE3DC69E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5612050" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127670438" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5612050" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:322687DEFF92FFFE5EAAF8DBFE3DC69E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/322687DEFF92FFFE5EAAF8DBFE3DC69E" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="F2956543FF92FFF25EAAF8DBFD3AC10A" box="[151,676,1830,1857]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BA3036C8FF92FFF25EAAF8DBFD3AC10A" blockId="7.[151,676,1830,1857]" box="[151,676,1830,1857]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="E17881A4FF92FFF25EAAF8DBFD3AC10A" bold="true" box="[151,676,1830,1857]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF92FFF25EAAF8DBFD3AC10A" bold="true" box="[151,676,1830,1857]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF92FFF25EAAF8DBFE6FC10B" box="[151,497,1830,1856]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="olallai" subSpecies="coopmansi">
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<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF92FFF25EAAF8DBFE6FC10B" bold="true" box="[151,497,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Myiopagis olallai coopmansi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, taxon novum
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F2956543FF92FFFD5EAAF890FDF5C6B3" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="BA3036C8FF92FFFD5EAAF890FDF5C6B3" blockId="7.[151,1436,1901,2035]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF92FFF25EAAF890FE95C1CD" bold="true" box="[151,267,1901,1926]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<typeStatus id="6534886AFF92FFF25EAAF890FE98C1CD" box="[151,262,1901,1926]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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An adult male deposited in the ornithological collection of the Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de
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<collectingCountry id="C2987658FF92FFF25F89F86CFDBCC1E1" box="[436,546,1937,1962]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectionCode id="DC9EAE0DFF92FFF25C0CF86FFDFDC1E1" box="[561,611,1938,1962]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ICN</collectionCode>
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38437), from Bodega Vieja, Amalfi, Department of Antioquia,
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<collectingCountry id="C2987658FF92FFF25B13F86CFA02C1E1" box="[1326,1436,1937,1962]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="DFBB500FFF92FFF25E9DF848FF6BC185" box="[160,245,1973,1998]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="6.9666667">6°58’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="DFBB500FFF92FFF25F3FF848FEF5C185" box="[258,363,1973,1998]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="-75.05">75°03’W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<quantity id="7D779B2DFF92FFF25F45F848FE50C185" box="[376,462,1973,1998]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
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elevation); collected by J. E. Avendaño and prepared by A.M.C. (field number 1355) on
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<date id="CE311008FF92FFF25E87F827FE08C1B9" box="[186,406,2010,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="2010-11-29">29 November 2010</date>
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. The
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<typeStatus id="6534886AFF92FFF25FEEF827FDABC1B8" box="[467,565,2010,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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consists of a round museum skin with its left wing prepared as a spread wing specimen. Hologenetypes (
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<bibRefCitation id="DE1E4B39FF9DFFFD5FF2FF6AFD3FC6FB" author="Chakrabarty" box="[463,673,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Chakrabarty, P. (2010) Genetypes: a concept to help integrate molecular phylogenetics and taxonomy. Zootaxa, 2632, 67 - 68." type="journal article" year="2010">Chakrabarty 2010</bibRefCitation>
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) are constituted by sequences of the mitochondrial gene
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<collectionCode id="DC9EAE0DFF9DFFFD5B76FF65FA02C6FB" box="[1355,1436,152,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">NADH</collectionCode>
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dehydrogenease subunit 2 (ND2) and the nuclear intron 5 of the β-fibrinogen gene, GenBank accession numbers
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<accessionNumber id="A5DCAB2BFF9DFFFD5EAAFF1DFE86C6B3" box="[151,280,224,248]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KM370009" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">KM370009</accessionNumber>
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and
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<accessionNumber id="A5DCAB2BFF9DFFFD5F73FF22FE4DC6B3" box="[334,467,223,248]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KM369997" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">KM369997</accessionNumber>
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, respectively.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="EEF06640FF9DFFFD5EAAF8ABFCE3C183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287242/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[162,1424,335,1849]" targetPageId="8">
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||
<paragraph id="BA3036C8FF9DFFFD5EAAF8ABFCE3C183" blockId="8.[151,1436,1878,1992]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9DFFFD5EAAF8ABFE8CC127" bold="true" box="[151,274,1878,1900]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
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Gene trees of
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<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9DFFFD5F98F8A5FD8EC126" box="[421,528,1880,1901]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9DFFFD5F98F8A5FD8EC126" box="[421,528,1880,1901]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Myiopagis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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flycatchers inferred for the mitochondrial gene ND2 (A) and the autosomal intron FGB-5 (B). Topologies and branch lengths resulted from 50% majority-rule consensus calculations. Strong statistical support in both Bayesian and maximum likelihood analysis indicated as black dots or asterisks (>0.99 posterior probability and>95% bootstrap support, respectively), numerical support is reported otherwise.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="EEF06640FF9CFFFC5EAAFBECFB3DC2E9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287243/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[155,1428,197,1006]" targetPageId="9">
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<paragraph id="BA3036C8FF9CFFFC5EAAFBECFB3DC2E9" blockId="9.[151,1436,1041,1186]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5EAAFBECFE86C26D" bold="true" box="[151,280,1041,1063]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
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Consensus species-tree from the BEST analysis based on ND2 and FGB-5 sequences indicating Bayesian posterior probabilities of the species relationships in
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<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5CD6FBCCFCC8C20D" box="[747,854,1073,1094]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5CD6FBCCFCC8C20D" box="[747,854,1073,1094]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Myiopagis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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flycatchers. Differentiated populations from disjunct geographic regions of
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<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5F43FBB2FE65C22F" box="[382,507,1103,1124]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caniceps">
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<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5F43FBB2FE65C22F" box="[382,507,1103,1124]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. caniceps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were treated independently. The Andean taxa in this complex are represented only by the two samples of the “Antioquia
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<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5FE9FB93FDA1C2C8" box="[468,575,1134,1155]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5FE9FB93FDA1C2C8" box="[468,575,1134,1155]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Myiopagis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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”, due to missing sequence data for one or both molecular markers for
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<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5B31FB93FAEFC2C8" box="[1292,1393,1133,1155]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olallai">
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<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5B31FB93FAEFC2C8" box="[1292,1393,1133,1155]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. olallai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and the “Perijá
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<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5F34FB70FEEAC2E9" box="[265,372,1165,1186]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5F34FB70FEEAC2E9" box="[265,372,1165,1186]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Myiopagis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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”. Geographic regions for each taxon in the
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<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5D12FB71FC4CC2E9" box="[815,978,1164,1186]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">caniceps-olallai</emphasis>
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group are indicated.
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</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
<subSubSection id="F2956543FF9CFFFC5EFAFB33FC81C148" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA3036C8FF9CFFFC5EFAFB33FC81C148" blockId="9.[151,1437,1230,2011]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5EFAFB33FEDFC2AC" bold="true" box="[199,321,1230,1255]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A member of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5C5AFB32FD43C2AD" box="[615,733,1231,1254]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5C5AFB32FD43C2AD" box="[615,733,1231,1254]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Myiopagis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, based particularly on the size and shape of the feet and the tarsal scutellation, the presence of semi-concealed coronal patch, and a horny spur next to the alula; the three wing bars align it with
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<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5F5DFAEAFE76C365" box="[352,488,1303,1326]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caniceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5F5DFAEAFE76C365" box="[352,488,1303,1326]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. caniceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
and
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<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5C1CFAEAFD0FC364" box="[545,657,1302,1327]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olallai">
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<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5C1CFAEAFD0FC364" box="[545,657,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. olallai</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(cf.
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<bibRefCitation id="DE1E4B39FF9CFFFC5CFAFAEBFCEEC364" author="Ridgway" box="[711,880,1302,1327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Ridgway, R. (1907) The birds of North and Middle America. Part IV. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, No. 50, 1 - 973." type="book chapter" year="1907">Ridgway 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="DE1E4B39FF9CFFFC5D40FAEBFB84C364" author="Zimmer" box="[893,1050,1302,1327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Zimmer, J. T. (1941) Studies of Peruvian birds. No. 36. The genera Elaenia and Myiopagis. American Museum Novitates, 1108, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1941">Zimmer 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DE1E4B39FF9CFFFC5A1AFAEAFAC3C364" author="Coopmans" box="[1063,1373,1302,1327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Coopmans, P. & Krabbe, N. (2000) A new species of flycatcher (Tyrannidae: Myiopagis) from eastern Ecuador and eastern Peru. Wilson Bulletin, 112, 305 - 312. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1676 / 0043 - 5643 (2000) 112 [0305: ansoft] 2.0. co; 2" type="journal article" year="2000">Coopmans & Krabbe 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Our two male specimens have completely dark olive-green backs with no trace of the gray tones that characterize adult males of all races of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5FBFFAA2FD94C33D" box="[386,522,1375,1398]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caniceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5FBFFAA2FD94C33D" box="[386,522,1375,1398]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. caniceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the three well-defined wing bars are pale yellow and narrow, differing from the bold white wing bars of male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5C37FA7EFD0EC3D1" box="[522,656,1411,1434]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caniceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5C37FA7EFD0EC3D1" box="[522,656,1411,1434]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. caniceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5D1DFA7EFC38C3D1" box="[800,934,1411,1434]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caniceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5D1DFA7EFC38C3D1" box="[800,934,1411,1434]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. caniceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from males in the combination of gray confined to the pileum with olive-green backs, yellow wing markings, and yellow crown patches (except females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5E8BFA36FEA5C3A8" box="[182,315,1482,1507]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caniceps" subSpecies="absita">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5E8BFA36FEA5C3A8" box="[182,315,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. c. absita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5F4EFA36FDBBC3A8" box="[371,549,1482,1507]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caniceps" subSpecies="parambae">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5F4EFA36FDBBC3A8" box="[371,549,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. c. parambae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which have white crown patches,
|
||
<figureCitation id="22B42A4DFF9CFFFC5D8EFA37FC69C3A8" box="[947,1015,1482,1507]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1758,1780]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,218,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[154,1439,211,1725]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Male (left) and female (right) specimens of differentiated lineages of the paraphyletic Myiopagis caniceps. From left to right: M. caniceps caniceps: LSUMZ 32295, 124630; M. c. aff. caniceps: LSUMZ 102674, 85215; M. c. cinerea: LSUMZ 110744, 115989; M. c. absita: USNM 483342, 483341 (types); M. c. parambae: AMNH 499606 (holotype), ANSP 147150 (female). For further information, see Appendix 1." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287245/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). By contrast,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5AA1FA36FA92C3A8" box="[1180,1292,1482,1507]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olallai">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5AA1FA36FA92C3A8" box="[1180,1292,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. olallai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks sexual dichromatism (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DE1E4B39FF9CFFFC5F7CFA12FDE7C04C" author="Coopmans" box="[321,633,1518,1543]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Coopmans, P. & Krabbe, N. (2000) A new species of flycatcher (Tyrannidae: Myiopagis) from eastern Ecuador and eastern Peru. Wilson Bulletin, 112, 305 - 312. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1676 / 0043 - 5643 (2000) 112 [0305: ansoft] 2.0. co; 2" type="journal article" year="2000">Coopmans & Krabbe 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although we do not have a female specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5A8EFA12FAEEC04D" box="[1203,1392,1519,1542]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="olallai" subSpecies="coopmansi">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5A8EFA12FAEEC04D" box="[1203,1392,1519,1542]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. o. coopmansi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all individuals seen in the field in pairs or as individual birds in multi-species flocks were similar to males; hence we believe that sexual dichromatism is also lacking in the new subspecies. With respect to the nominate taxon,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5B5DF9CAFE8EC039" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="olallai" subSpecies="coopmansi">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5B5DF9CAFE8EC039" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. o. coopmansi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs strongly in its whitish belly with at most a trace of pale yellow, and its plain pale olive-gray breast, as opposed to the bright yellow belly and olive-green wash across the breast with faint streaking of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5B5DF982FF7EC0F0" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="olallai" subSpecies="olallai">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5B5DF982FF7EC0F0" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. o. olallai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="22B42A4DFF9CFFFC5ED2F95FFEADC0F0" box="[239,307,1698,1723]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[160,1424,302,1832]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[155,1427,299,1834]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Dorsal (top), ventral (middle), and lateral (bottom) views of specimens of closely related Myiopagis flycatchers of Andean cloud forests. From left to right: “ Antioquia Myiopagis ”: ICN 38437, 35903 (males); Myiopagis olallai: MECN 7141 (male), 6902 (male holotype), 7142 (female), 6903 (female paratype), AMNH 819936 (male); “ Perijá Myiopagis ”: COP 6733 (unsexed), Pons 3861 (male), 3860 (female)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287244/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Because both of our specimens are in fresh plumage, these differences cannot be due to fading. The new taxon agrees with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9CFFFC5FF9F93AFE61C094" box="[452,511,1735,1759]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9CFFFC5C19F93AFD31C094" box="[548,687,1734,1759]" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="olallai" subSpecies="olallai">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5C19F93AFD31C094" box="[548,687,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">M. o. olallai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its reduced pale yellow wing markings and the concealed white (not yellow) crown patches, but the gray pileum is darker.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F2956543FF9CFFFF5EFAF8F3FC11C13B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA3036C8FF9CFFFC5EFAF8F3FA02C190" blockId="9.[151,1437,1230,2011]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9CFFFC5EFAF8F3FE79C16C" bold="true" box="[199,487,1806,1831]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9CFFFC5F44F8F3FE7CC16C" box="[377,482,1806,1831]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Capitalized color codes follow a standard guide (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DE1E4B39FF9CFFFC5A27F8F3FB31C16C" author="Smithe" box="[1050,1199,1806,1831]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Smithe, F. B. (1975) Naturalist's Color Guide. Part I. & II. American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, 237 pp." type="book" year="1975">Smithe 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DE1E4B39FF9CFFFC5A89F8F3FB71C16C" author="Smithe" box="[1204,1263,1806,1831]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Smithe, F. B. (1981) Naturalist's Color Guide, Part III. American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, 37 pp." type="book" year="1981">1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Forehead and crown are blackish-gray (Black Neutral Gray 82), with a dusky brown tinge on the sides (near Dusky Brown 19) and a large semi-concealed white patch on the midcrown formed by white feathers with dark gray tips (Dark Neutral Gray 83). The crown becomes paler (shading to Dark Neutral Gray 83) posteriorly, blending to olive gray on the nape (near Glaucous 79) and to dark olive green (between Basic and Auxiliary Olive Green 46–47) on the upper back. Scapulars, back, rump, and upper tail-coverts are also olive green but brighter (Bunting Green 150).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA3036C8FF9FFFFF5EAAFF6AFD42C236" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Rectrices (including rachises) are olive brown dorsally (near Van Dyke Brown 121) with lateral margins olive green (Bunting Green 150) and with a narrow tip (ca.
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5CCCFF41FCD6C69F" box="[753,840,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
) dull buffy yellow (lighter than Cream Color 54). On the ventral surface, rectrices are light olive gray overall, shading to brownish-gray toward the tips (darker than Smoke Gray 45); their inner margins shade to olive gray (Olive-Gray 42) and rachises are yellowish white but olive towards the tip. Wings are dark brownish gray (Sepia 119), with upper wing coverts washed with olive green (Auxiliary Olive Green 47). Wings exhibit three narrow and sharply defined pale yellow bars (distal edge of outer webs lighter than Pale Sulphur Yellow 157); the two proximal bars are ca.
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5DDCFE92FBA9C7CC" box="[993,1079,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide and the distal bar (greater coverts)
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5EC6FE69FEC8C7E7" box="[251,342,404,428]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Primaries have a narrow, indistinct brownish-olive margin on the outer webs (restricted to the proximal half), whereas secondaries and tertials have pale yellow tips (near Pale Sulphur Yellow 157 but paler) and well-defined edges (ca.
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5F9CFE21FE7DC7BF" box="[417,483,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
) on the outer webs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="22B42A4DFF9FFFFF5CF9FE21FC96C7BF" box="[708,776,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,995,1017]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,973]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,974]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Spread left wing from the holotype of Myiopagis olallai coopmansi (ICN 38437)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287246/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Underwing coverts are whitish yellow, but feathers of the wrist are brownish dark gray (Vandyke Brown 221) bordered with pale yellow. From below, the flight feathers look brownish gray with inner edge yellowish. Feathers of the chin and center of the throat are dull white with indistinct pale gray borders (near Light Neutral Gray 85), giving the impression of faint, blurry streaking, shading to dull pale gray (between Glaucous 80 and Smoke Gray 44) on sides of neck and head and across breast, where forming a distinct band. The grayish breast passes fairly abruptly on the lower breast to yellowish white on the middle and posterior abdomen, and the sides are lightly smudged pale grayish. The flanks are yellowish (near Olive-Yellow 52 and lighter than Pale Sulphur Yellow 157), whereas the lower tail coverts are dull olive (paler than Auxiliary Olive Green 48). In the face, eye-ring feathers are white and cheeks mottled by feathers with pale gray centers and rachises with distal barbules dark gray (Black Neutral Gray 82). Lores show pale gray speckling and a small dark spot (near Black Neutral Gray 82) that contrast with the whitish feathers on the sides of the base of the maxilla, and black tiny soft bristles project forward around the bill. Soft parts in life as follows: iris reddish brown; maxilla black, mandible mostly black but shading to gray on base and gonys; legs and feet dark gray with black nails and yellowish soles. Wing span:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5FEAFC52FDA9C58C" box="[471,567,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="196.0">196 mm</quantity>
|
||
; wing length:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5CEAFC52FCA0C58C" box="[727,830,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.14" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="61.4">61.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; tail at the insertion of central rectrices to the tip:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5B56FC52FF58C5A7" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="51.2">51.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; tarsus:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5F1CFC29FE16C5A7" box="[289,392,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6199999999999999" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="16.2">16.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
; bill length from anterior edge of nares:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5D70FC29FC38C5A7" box="[845,934,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="6.9">6.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
; bill length from base of skull:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5B39FC29FAF5C5A7" box="[1284,1387,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="12.4">12.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; bill depth at anterior edge of nares:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5FC7FC0AFDFFC244" box="[506,609,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="3.35">3.35 mm</quantity>
|
||
; bill width at anterior edge of nares:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5DC3FC05FBC9C244" box="[1022,1111,1016,1040]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
; mass 12.0 g (measured with Pesola) and light fat. Skull was 60% ossified, Bursa of Fabricius was absent, and testes measured
|
||
<date id="CE311008FF9FFFFF5AD2FBE0FA8DC27F" box="[1263,1299,1053,1076]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">7 x</date>
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5B26FBE1FAC3C27F" box="[1307,1373,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(left) and
|
||
<date id="CE311008FF9FFFFF5EFBFBC2FF74C21C" box="[198,234,1087,1112]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">5 x</date>
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5ECCFBBDFEACC21C" box="[241,306,1088,1112]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(right). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9FFFFF5FFFFBC2FDBAC213" box="[450,548,1087,1112]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
shows no signs of molt and is in fresh plumage. The stomach content included remains of insect larvae, Hymenoptera, and spiders.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA3036C8FF9FFFFF5EFAFB7AFDEDC14E" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9FFFFF5EFAFB7AFEA5C2EB" bold="true" box="[199,315,1159,1184]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9FFFFF5EFAFB7AFEA8C2EB" box="[199,310,1159,1184]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
ICN 35903, subadult male, from Bosque Guayabito, Amalfi, Department of Antioquia,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C2987658FF9FFFFF5B13FB7AFA02C2EB" box="[1326,1436,1159,1184]" name="Colombia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DFBB500FFF9FFFFF5E9DFB51FF6BC28E" box="[160,245,1196,1221]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" precision="925" value="6.866667">6°52’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DFBB500FFF9FFFFF5F3EFB51FEF3C28E" box="[259,365,1196,1221]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" precision="925" value="-75.6">75°36’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5F47FB51FE4FC28F" box="[378,465,1196,1221]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.825" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="m" value="1825.0">1825 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation); collected and prepared by A.M.C. (field number 713) on
|
||
<date id="CE311008FF9FFFFF5AD0FB51FA02C28E" box="[1261,1436,1196,1221]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="2005-01-04">4 January 2005</date>
|
||
(see
|
||
<figureCitation id="22B42A4DFF9FFFFF5EF6FB32FE95C2A3" box="[203,267,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1294,1316]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,625,1272]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[340,1247,625,1273]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photograph of the “ Antioquia Myiopagis ” exhibiting some of the characteristics, including light gray underparts, mossy green back, dark gray head, immaculate white crown patch, and reddish-brown eyes, that distinguish it from other taxa. Collected in an Andean cloud forest (1825 m) at Bosque Guayabito, Amalfi, Department of Antioquia, Colombia (ICN 35903)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287238/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Differs from
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9FFFFF5F8AFB32FD87C2A3" box="[439,537,1231,1256]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in having more extensive pale gray speckling on lores and faint brownish shaftstreaks on anterior forehead. The tips of its rectrices have more indistinct, narrower (ca.
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5A85FB09FA8AC347" box="[1208,1300,1268,1292]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
) dull buffy margins. Auriculars show distinct whitish shafts, and the streaking on the throat is more extensive and slightly more distinct (the feathers with narrower whitish areas medially and broader gray lateral borders). Breast band, narrower and less distinct than in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9FFFFF5C00FAA2FD3CC333" box="[573,674,1375,1400]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, is pale brownish-gray (near Smoke Gray 45) and its posterior edge is blurred by indistinct pale brownish-gray and yellowish-white streaking on the lower breast and upper abdomen and sides, passing to clear yellow (much paler than Pale Sulphur Yellow 157) on the lower abdomen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="22B42A4DFF9FFFFF5B2EFA5AFAC6C38B" box="[1299,1368,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[160,1424,302,1832]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[155,1427,299,1834]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Dorsal (top), ventral (middle), and lateral (bottom) views of specimens of closely related Myiopagis flycatchers of Andean cloud forests. From left to right: “ Antioquia Myiopagis ”: ICN 38437, 35903 (males); Myiopagis olallai: MECN 7141 (male), 6902 (male holotype), 7142 (female), 6903 (female paratype), AMNH 819936 (male); “ Perijá Myiopagis ”: COP 6733 (unsexed), Pons 3861 (male), 3860 (female)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287244/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Soft parts as follows: iris bright brownish-red; bill black, base of mandible gray; legs and feet dark gray, black nails and yellowish soles. Wing length:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5FCEFA12FDC2C043" box="[499,604,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.96" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="59.6">59.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
; tail at the insertion of central rectrices to the tip:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5A9FFA12FA95C043" box="[1186,1291,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.04" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="50.4">50.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; tarsus: 14.0 mm; bill length from anterior edge of nares:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5CA4F9E9FD6AC067" box="[665,756,1556,1581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="6.6">6.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
; bill length at base of skull:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5A03F9E9FB3BC067" box="[1086,1189,1556,1580]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="11.4">11.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; bill depth at anterior edge of nares:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5F7DF9C5FE05C01B" box="[320,411,1592,1616]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
; bill width at anterior edge of nares:
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5D78F9CAFC30C01B" box="[837,942,1591,1616]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.57" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="3.57">3.57 mm</quantity>
|
||
; mass
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5DC1F9CAFBD8C01A" box="[1020,1094,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.05" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="g" value="10.5">10.5 g</quantity>
|
||
, with moderate fat. Skull was 80% ossified (Bursa of Fabricius not examined), and left testes measured 3.4 x
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5A1EF9A1FBE3C03F" box="[1059,1149,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9FFFFF5A80F9A0FA83C03E" box="[1213,1309,1629,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
is in fairly fresh plumage. Stomach contents included insect remains (elytra, pronota). Differences from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9FFFFF5B31F982FAF0C0D3" box="[1292,1390,1663,1688]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
are likely due to either age or feather wear; despite its relatively more ossified skull, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9FFFFF5AB7F958FB75C0F6" box="[1162,1259,1701,1725]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
male appeared younger in plumage than the adult
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9FFFFF5C16F93AFD13C0AB" box="[555,653,1735,1760]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male, which had no Bursa of Fabricius and showed enlarged testes. Ossification in this genus is often delayed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA3036C8FF9FFFFF5EFAF8F2FC11C13B" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9FFFFF5EFAF8F2FDF5C163" bold="true" box="[199,619,1807,1832]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Primary formula in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9FFFFF5FDAF8F2FD84C163" box="[487,538,1807,1832]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
P7-P8-P9 are the longest, nearly the same length; P6
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5AF7F8EDFABEC163" box="[1226,1312,1808,1832]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9FFFFF5B12F8F2FA0AC163" box="[1327,1428,1807,1832]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) to
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5E88F8C9FE92C107" box="[181,268,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9FFFFF5F21F8C9FE1EC107" box="[284,384,1844,1868]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
) shorter; P10
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5C1CF8C9FDE6C107" box="[545,632,1844,1869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="4.6">4.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
shorter (
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9FFFFF5CE3F8C9FCDAC106" box="[734,836,1844,1869]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) or
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5D4EF8C9FC54C107" box="[883,970,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
shorter (
|
||
<typeStatus id="6534886AFF9FFFFF5A0DF8C9FB09C107" box="[1072,1175,1844,1868]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
); P5
|
||
<quantity id="7D779B2DFF9FFFFF5AECF8C9FAB6C107" box="[1233,1320,1844,1869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="5.7">5.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
shorter in both, thus P10 longer than P5 but shorter than P6 (7=8=9>6>10>5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F2956543FF9FFFFE5EFAF881FE3DC69E" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="BA3036C8FF9FFFFE5EFAF881FE3DC69E" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9FFFFF5EFAF881FED0C1DE" bold="true" box="[199,334,1916,1941]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The epithet honors the late Paul Coopmans (
|
||
<date id="CE311008FF9FFFFF5D5FF881FC7DC1DE" box="[866,995,1916,1941]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" value="1967" valueMax="2007">1967–2007</date>
|
||
) in recognition of his acute talent for recognizing bird vocalizations in the field and his knowledge of Neotropical birds. Coopmans made many important discoveries using his extraordinary identification skills by ear (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DE1E4B39FF9FFFFF5A3AF839FB01C197" author="Krabbe" box="[1031,1183,1988,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refString="Krabbe, N. (2008) Birding Ecuador: A tribute to Paul Coopmans Cotinga, 29, 12 - 14." type="journal article" year="2008">Krabbe 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9FFFFE5B1BF838FF7EC6FB" class="Aves" family="Tyrannidae" genus="Myiopagis" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" order="Passeriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olallai">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9FFFFE5B1BF838FF7EC6FB" italics="true" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Myiopagis olallai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9EFFFE5ED3FF6AFD25C6FB" box="[238,699,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9EFFFE5ED3FF6AFE50C6FB" box="[238,462,151,176]" class="Aves" family="Rhinocryptidae" genus="Scytalopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="unicolor">Scytalopus unicolor</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9EFFFE5FE4FF6AFD25C6FB" box="[473,699,151,176]" class="Aves" family="Troglodytidae" genus="Henicorhina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="negreti">Henicorhina negreti</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and an unnamed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D8F4D4BFF9EFFFE5DB4FF64FB99C6FB" box="[905,1031,153,176]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Megascops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="88FBEADAFF9EFFFE5DB4FF64FB99C6FB" box="[905,1031,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Megascops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
screech-owl from Sierra Nevada de Santa
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C2987658FF9EFFFE5EE1FF40FEBCC69F" box="[220,290,189,212]" name="Malta" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Marta</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C2987658FF9EFFFE5F10FF41FE01C69E" box="[301,415,188,213]" name="Colombia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |