283 lines
37 KiB
XML
283 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="0F7F44250D169A4AFB05A920768F3D28" ID-CLB-Dataset="30790" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4378.2.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2e5b0268-f46c-40cf-aa11-e042fe160a53" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1169549" ID-ZooBank="101BF183-D889-41A2-BDF0-C77EEC784393" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1518135367468" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bilton, David T." docDate="2018" docId="039087EEFFD22410FF6C03BDFE86B3BE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4378.2.9.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4378 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parhydraena cataracta Bilton 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="287" masterDocId="FFA9FF96FFD32413FFFB0307FFAFB455" masterDocTitle="A new humicolous Parhydraena d’Orchymont, 1937 from South Africa (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae)" masterLastPageNumber="288" masterPageNumber="284" pageNumber="285" updateTime="1698520582459" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="C7526DB75607F3BADF91DB7666711367" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4349880FDE277D31D433472F8D92D1A3">
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<mods:title id="3F989E3AE95662218B538D722CBD424E">A new humicolous Parhydraena d’Orchymont, 1937 from South Africa (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="86D4A084038D6C9E0F162189C4EB3B65" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="7B39A9B062B04256C7D4790D0323EE2F">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D3DAFE333B37A550D302AC4396DB6460">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C98EB4FC688EB288B40DE32D2A9800FA">Bilton, David T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DDC7B9AB588D161AC1E91B4DE7AE85A0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="5FA5B53CA6DEF813A38658A89B857F48">
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<mods:title id="CEA1251CA48E6A5946749341AEEE6F27">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="96067CE830D2D49F4ECDDDF4CD5D8BA8">
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<mods:date id="E4EA4E24DA73C201925FA559C02BC678">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="4EEB373210FC6100149049190C651C0E" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="0601214618B55B141C09FBDF551B747D">2018-02-08</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="F493A7CC386E9861605FBD23DCA7D866" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B720A5700799AD7B9BDBC8EEB8EF64FE">4378</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="384785315873BD71848F6034F80AFA96" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="9CFBA008372BEE8D8F56DA7383E2F923">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="741D22B223178DA421B95EAB514BC591">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4447E81D2179442CE6A14185DD528A78" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4378.2.9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="73E151CCA8D05F0C6D7D7FF0632409EE" type="GBIF-Dataset">2e5b0268-f46c-40cf-aa11-e042fe160a53</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="396595370FDD47F1CE2CE6775B79B361" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="EEFE879DFC0896C213D3E9A99EAF5317" type="ZooBank">101BF183-D889-41A2-BDF0-C77EEC784393</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="039087EEFFD22410FF6C03BDFE86B3BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6485222" ID-GBIF-Taxon="140563200" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6485222" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087EEFFD22410FF6C03BDFE86B3BE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087EEFFD22410FF6C03BDFE86B3BE" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="287" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
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<subSubSection id="C3236573FFD22412FF6C03BDFD35B481" box="[151,666,186,212]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD22412FF6C03BDFD35B481" blockId="1.[151,1436,152,2012]" box="[151,666,186,212]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
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<heading id="D0CE8194FFD22412FF6C03BDFD35B481" bold="true" box="[151,666,186,212]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD22412FF6C03BDFD35B481" bold="true" box="[151,666,186,212]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D7BFFD22412FF6C03BDFE03B481" ID-CoL="4DLYN" authority="Bilton, 2018" authorityName="Bilton" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,428,186,212]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Parhydraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD22412FF6C03BDFE03B481" bold="true" box="[151,428,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Parhydraena cataracta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E5791FFD22412FE4803BDFDBFB481" box="[435,528,186,212]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13022A7DFFD22412FDDC03BDFD3DB481" box="[551,658,186,212]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[151,244,1876,1898]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,244,1083,1105]" captionTargetBox-0="[214,1365,280,1848]" captionTargetBox-1="[198,1388,181,1073]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[208,1379,263,1855]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[198,1388,181,1073]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Parhydraena cataracta sp. nov. A) male holotype habitus; B) female paratype habitus; C) Aedeagus, ventral and lateral views.Scalebar (A & B) = 1 mm;(C) = 100 µm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Parhydraena cataracta sp. nov. type locality, South Africa, Western Cape, Hex River Mountains, Green Gulley on SE slopes of Mostertshoek Twins. A) overview of Green Gulley, location of area occupied below arrow; B) wet boulder/gravel scree belowwaterfall where specimens werecollected." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1169551/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1169553/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3236573FFD22412FF6C03DAFA91B591" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD22412FF6C03DAFEA6B56C" blockId="1.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
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<materialsCitation id="3B513CA5FFD22412FF6C03DAFEA6B56C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1806521135" country="South Africa" county="Hex River Mountains" elevation="1320" latitude="-33.47246" location="Mostertshoek Twins" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.287392" municipality="Green Gulley" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD22412FF6C03DAFE67B4A1" bold="true" box="[151,456,221,244]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
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<typeStatus id="5482885AFFD22412FF6C03DAFF60B4A1" box="[151,207,221,244]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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<collectingCountry id="F32E7668FFD22412FECE03DAFE67B4A1" box="[309,456,221,244]" name="South Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
,
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<collectingRegion id="49FDF81AFFD22412FE2D03DAFDC2B4A1" box="[470,621,221,244]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62E74E74FFD22412FD8203DAFCCBB4A1" box="[633,868,221,244]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Hex River Mountains</collectingCounty>
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, ca.
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<locationDeviation id="9A342FDAFFD22412FC6E03DAFBD4B4A1" box="[917,1147,221,244]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
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<quantity id="4CC19B1DFFD22412FC6E03DAFC64B4A1" box="[917,971,221,244]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
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W of Waaihoek
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</locationDeviation>
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peak,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2AC82FFD22412FB3903DAFAFBB4A1" box="[1218,1364,221,244]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Green Gulley</collectingMunicipality>
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on SE slopes of
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<location id="8EE66023FFD22412FF070207FE79B542" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087EEFFD22410FF6C03BDFE86B3BE:8EE66023FFD22412FF070207FE79B542" box="[252,470,256,279]" country="South Africa" county="Hex River Mountains" latitude="-33.47246" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="19.287392" municipality="Green Gulley" name="Mostertshoek Twins" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" stateProvince="Western Cape">Mostertshoek Twins</location>
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, wet boulder scree beside stream below waterfall,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0D503FFFD22412FC170207FB33B542" box="[1004,1180,256,279]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" precision="1" value="-33.47246">33° 28’ 20.86’’S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0D503FFFD22412FB590207FAFAB542" box="[1186,1365,256,279]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" precision="1" value="19.287392">19° 17’ 14.61’’E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation id="0014D1CBFFD22412FA9B0207FF03B56C" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" unit="m" value="1320.0">
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<quantity id="4CC19B1DFFD22412FA9B0207FF03B56C" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" unit="m" value="1320.0">1,320 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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||
(
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||
<figureCitation id="13022A7DFFD22412FF410225FF53B56C" box="[186,252,290,313]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,244,1083,1105]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1073]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[198,1388,181,1073]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Parhydraena cataracta sp. nov. type locality, South Africa, Western Cape, Hex River Mountains, Green Gulley on SE slopes of Mostertshoek Twins. A) overview of Green Gulley, location of area occupied below arrow; B) wet boulder/gravel scree belowwaterfall where specimens werecollected." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1169553/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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||
).
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD22412FF3C0242FE23B5F4" blockId="1.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD22412FF3C0242FE43B509" bold="true" box="[199,492,325,348]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
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||
<typeStatus id="5482885AFFD22412FF3C0242FF50B509" box="[199,255,325,348]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Type</typeStatus>
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||
material.
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||
<typeStatus id="5482885AFFD22412FE7F0242FE43B509" box="[388,492,325,348]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
(male): “
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||
<date id="FF871038FFD22412FD9B0242FD7FB509" box="[608,720,325,348]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" value="2017-02-14">14/ii/2017</date>
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||
<collectingCountry id="F32E7668FFD22412FD240242FCDFB509" box="[735,880,325,348]" name="South Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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||
WC// Hexrivierberge, Green Gulley//
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||
<quantity id="4CC19B1DFFD22412FACE0242FA38B509" box="[1333,1431,325,348]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" unit="m" value="1320.0">1,320 m</quantity>
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, Mostertshoek Twins// wet boulders by stream D T Bilton leg.” (genitalia extracted and mounted on same card) and red
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<typeStatus id="5482885AFFD22412FF6C028DFF5BB5F4" box="[151,244,394,417]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
label (
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||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE3DFFD22412FEC6028DFE2EB5F4" box="[317,385,394,417]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9qz-7eka" name="Albany Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">AMG</collectionCode>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD22412FF3C02AAFA91B591" blockId="1.[151,1436,152,2012]" box="[199,1342,429,452]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B513CA5FFD22412FF3C02AAFBAAB591" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1806521136" box="[199,1029,429,452]" collectionCode="AMG, CDTB, ISAM, NMW, SANC" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="10" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<typeStatus id="5482885AFFD22412FF3C02AAFE96B591" box="[199,313,429,452]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="paratype">
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||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD22412FF3C02AAFE96B591" bold="true" box="[199,313,429,452]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Paratypes</emphasis>
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||
</typeStatus>
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||
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD71FFD22412FEC402AAFEDAB591" box="[319,373,429,452]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="female">10 ♀</specimenCount>
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same data as holotype (
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||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE3DFFD22412FD8F02AAFD1BB591" box="[628,692,429,452]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9qz-7eka" name="Albany Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">AMG</collectionCode>
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||
,
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<collectionCode id="ED28AE3DFFD22412FD4502AAFCA7B591" box="[702,776,429,452]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">CDTB</collectionCode>
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||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE3DFFD22412FCE902AAFCF8B591" box="[786,855,429,452]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">ISAM</collectionCode>
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||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE3DFFD22412FC9902AAFC08B591" box="[866,935,429,452]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">NMW</collectionCode>
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||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE3DFFD22412FC4A02AAFC52B591" box="[945,1021,429,452]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">SANC</collectionCode>
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||
)
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</materialsCitation>
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||
. All with red paratype labels.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3236573FFD22410FF3C02D7FB86B27D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="287" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD22412FF3C02D7FE0EB65C" blockId="1.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD22412FF3C02D7FEFDB5B2" bold="true" box="[199,338,464,487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Description.</emphasis>
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||
Size:
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||
<typeStatus id="5482885AFFD22412FE6302D7FE50B5B2" box="[408,511,464,487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
: BL
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||
<quantity id="4CC19B1DFFD22412FDCE02D7FD36B5B2" box="[565,665,464,487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" unit="mm" value="1.75">1.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
; EL
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||
<quantity id="4CC19B1DFFD22412FD3402D7FC89B5B2" box="[719,806,464,487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
; EW
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||
<quantity id="4CC19B1DFFD22412FC9F02D7FC14B5B2" box="[868,955,464,487]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="5482885AFFD22412FC3C02D7FB9CB5B2" box="[967,1075,464,487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: BL
|
||
<quantity id="4CC19B1DFFD22412FB9202D7FAA6B5B2" box="[1129,1289,464,487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.15" metricValueMin="1.95" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" unit="mm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.15" valueMin="1.95">1.95–2.15 mm</quantity>
|
||
; EL
|
||
<quantity id="4CC19B1DFFD22412FAC502D7FF6BB65C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.275" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.25" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" unit="mm" value="1.275" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.25">1.25–1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
; EW
|
||
<quantity id="4CC19B1DFFD22412FF0502F5FE32B65C" box="[254,413,498,521]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="285" unit="mm" value="0.8999999999999999" valueMax="0.95" valueMin="0.85">0.85–0.95 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD22412FF3C0112FE24B6C1" blockId="1.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
|
||
Colouration: Dorsum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13022A7DFFD22412FE3B0112FDBAB679" box="[448,533,533,556]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,244,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[214,1365,280,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,263,1855]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parhydraena cataracta sp. nov. A) male holotype habitus; B) female paratype habitus; C) Aedeagus, ventral and lateral views.Scalebar (A & B) = 1 mm;(C) = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1169551/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
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||
) head dark reddish brown to black; centre of vertex and frons and entire labrum blackish, sides of vertex, ocelli and frons paler. Pronotum and elytra pale reddish brown. Legs pale reddish brown; tarsi and maxillary palpi yellow. Antennal stem yellow, club blackish brown. Venter pale reddish brown; darkest in centre and paler towards margins.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD22412FF3C01A7FC07B7BA" blockId="1.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Head: Labrum transverse, equal in length to clypeus, rounder apicolaterally, with broad, open, shallow apicomedian emargination, running approximately 0.4 of length and broadly rounded lateral lobes. Surface weakly shining, with isodiametric microreticulation and fine, sparse punctures bearing whitish recumbent to decumbent setae. Anterior and lateral margins with long, yellowish arcuate setae, densest along anterior margins close to apicomedian emargination. Frons weakly shining, microreticulate and punctate as labrum; microreticulation strongest close to compound eyes and towards hind margin. Fronto-clypeal suture strong, well impressed. Clypeus punctured as frons and labrum, microreticulation less strongly impressed, surface more shining. Ocelli small, indistinct, situated close to the base of a narrow, arcuate, groove-like longitudinal interocular fovea. Compound eyes relatively small, occupying approximately 1/3 lateral margin of head, 7 ommatidia in longest series when viewed dorsally. Maxillary palpi short, elongate, approximately 0.4 width of head; ratio of meres 2–4 approximately 4/2/9.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD22412FF3C00FDFDA0B139" blockId="1.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
|
||
Pronotum: Broad, cordate, transverse; anterior margin straight, with very shallow emargination over median third, where there is a trace of a narrow hyaline border. Anterior angles obtusely rounded. Sides rounded, with broad, shallow crenulations; broadest just in front of middle, gradually narrowing and slightly sinuate to obtuse posterior angles. Posterior margin weakly bisinuate around centre. Discal reliefs shallow, with moderate to dense U-shaped punctures, each with centre of anterior margin extended posteriorly as a narrow, shining ridge, devoid of microreticulation, almost dividing the puncture in two. Relief cuticle between punctures weakly shining, with shallow, effaced, isodiametric microreticulation. Impressions shallow; anterior V-shaped, broadly open anteriorly, connecting laterally with anterolateral impression. Posterior impression broadly U-shaped. Lateral impressions broad, very shallow, opening to anterior or posterior angles. Cuticle of impressions dull, with strong, rugulose, isodiametric microreticulation. Punctures in impressions obsolete, only shining longitudinal ridges evident, contrasting with microreticulate background and 2–
|
||
<date id="FF871038FFD22412FA7A0635FA34B11C" box="[1409,1435,1330,1353]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">4x</date>
|
||
length of ridges of relief punctures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD22412FF3C067FFD23B20A" blockId="1.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">
|
||
Elytra: Elongate oval, broadest at middle, attenuated posteriorly to truncately rounded apex. Lateral margins strongly explanate from just behind shoulder to apical 0.2; minutely serrate. Ten-seriate punctate, punctures becoming shallower behind posterior declivity. Punctures of series spaced 0.7–2.5 puncture widths apart; each puncture granulate anteriorly, granules bearing short, stiff recumbent to decumbent setae, reaching just beyond posterior margin of puncture. Intervals dull, finely microreticulate, 1.5–
|
||
<date id="FF871038FFD22412FDA20505FDDBB24C" box="[601,628,1538,1561]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">2x</date>
|
||
as wide as serial punctures, with unilinear row of small, shining granules, each bearing a long, white recumbent to decumbent seta, reaching next granule in row. Granules approximately 1.2–
|
||
<date id="FF871038FFD22412FA7A0522FA34B269" box="[1409,1435,1573,1596]" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">2x</date>
|
||
diameter of those in punctures of elytral series.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD22411FF3C056DFB74B484" blockId="1.[151,1436,152,2012]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1435,152,209]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="286" pageId="1" pageNumber="285">Venter: Mentum, submentum and genae dull. Mentum strongly microreticulate and densely punctate, punctures bearing long, yellowish, recumbent to erect setae. Submentum, genae and gula as mentum, but with small, scattered, shining longitudinal ridges. Prosternum dull, microreticulate and punctate, with dense hydrofuge vestiture. Pronotal hypomeron broad, dull, with strong, isodiametric microreticulation, mesh diameter approximately equal to that of a single ommatidium. Wet hypomeron glabrous; bubble hypomeron with sparse, short setae. Meso- and metaventrites strongly microreticulate, punctate, with hydrofuge vestiture. Basal 0.5 of metaventrite with strong longitudinal carina; apical 0.5 with shallow, elongate-oval median fovea, deepest anteriorly. Elytral pseudepipleurs broad, flat, shining, narrowed approximately 0.2 from base; with short, stiff bristle basally, otherwise glabrous. Epipleurs narrow, ridge-like. Abdominal ventrites 1–4 strongly microreticulate, punctate; covered in hydrofuge vestiture; ventrite 5 with same vestiture in narrow band along anterior margin. Remainder of ventrite 5 and ventrite 6 glabrous, weakly shining, with open, isodiametric microreticulation. Irregular transverse row of medium punctures bearing decumbent setae approximately 1/3 from apex of ventrite. Last ventrite asymmetrical, apex with short elongate lobe and stout setae; last tergite with short setae on either side of narrow apicomedian notch into which fits lobe of last ventrite.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF466670FFD12411FF6C0453FDDEB3D2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1169551/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="286" startId="2.[151,244,1876,1898]" targetBox="[214,1365,280,1848]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD12411FF6C0453FDDEB3D2" blockId="2.[151,1436,1876,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="286">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD12411FF6C0453FEA2B33F" bold="true" box="[151,269,1876,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="286">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D7BFFD12411FEE80452FE5BB33F" authority="Bilton, 2018" authorityName="Bilton" authorityYear="2018" box="[275,500,1877,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Parhydraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="286" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD12411FEE80452FE5BB33F" box="[275,500,1877,1898]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="286">Parhydraena cataracta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E5791FFD12411FE000453FDE7B33F" box="[507,584,1876,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="286" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD12411FE000453FDE7B33F" bold="true" box="[507,584,1876,1898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="286">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A) male holotype habitus; B) female paratype habitus; C) Aedeagus, ventral and lateral views. Scale bar (A & B) = 1 mm; (C) = 100 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF466670FFD02410FF6C073CFDC0B0DE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1169553/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" startId="3.[151,244,1083,1105]" targetBox="[198,1388,181,1073]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD02410FF6C073CFDC0B0DE" blockId="3.[151,1435,1083,1163]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FF6C073CFEA1B004" bold="true" box="[151,270,1083,1105]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D7BFFD02410FEEE073BFE59B004" authority="Bilton, 2018" authorityName="Bilton" authorityYear="2018" box="[277,502,1084,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Parhydraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FEEE073BFE59B004" box="[277,502,1084,1105]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Parhydraena cataracta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E5791FFD02410FE05073CFDE3B004" box="[510,588,1083,1105]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FE05073CFDE3B004" bold="true" box="[510,588,1083,1105]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
type locality, South Africa, Western Cape, Hex River Mountains, Green Gulley on SE slopes of Mostertshoek Twins. A) overview of Green Gulley, location of area occupied below arrow; B) wet boulder/gravel scree below waterfall where specimens were collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD02410FF3C07B1FB91B098" blockId="3.[151,1436,1206,2027]" box="[199,1086,1206,1229]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Legs: Relatively short, basal 3 pro- and mesotarsomeres with pads of suction setae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD02410FF3C07DEFCD9B160" blockId="3.[151,1436,1206,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
|
||
Aedeagus: Main piece strongly arcuate in lateral view; widest at trilobed apex. Gonopore tube small, weakly chitinized, elongate and tube-like, broadest at base and rapidly tapering to fine point. Distal piece elongate, arcuate, spine-like. Parameres relatively thin; left shorter than right (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13022A7DFFD02410FCED0619FCC7B160" box="[790,872,1310,1333]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,244,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[214,1365,280,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,263,1855]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parhydraena cataracta sp. nov. A) male holotype habitus; B) female paratype habitus; C) Aedeagus, ventral and lateral views.Scalebar (A & B) = 1 mm;(C) = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1169551/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD02410FF3C0646FA38B195" blockId="3.[151,1436,1206,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
|
||
Female: Elytral apices more strongly acuminated and less truncate than males; lateral margins of elytra slightly more broadly explanate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13022A7DFFD02410FE9C0663FE14B12E" box="[359,443,1380,1403]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,244,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[214,1365,280,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,263,1855]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parhydraena cataracta sp. nov. A) male holotype habitus; B) female paratype habitus; C) Aedeagus, ventral and lateral views.Scalebar (A & B) = 1 mm;(C) = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1169551/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Last ventrite elongate, with bluntly pointed apex, weakly microreticulate, scattered, long, whitish recumbent setae in apical half. Last tergite slightly elongate, broadly rounded apex, sparsely punctate, punctures bearing short, stiff, recumbent to erect setae; apical margin with short, dense, peg-like setae. Tarsi without suction setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD02410FF3C06CBFB86B27D" blockId="3.[151,1436,1206,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
|
||
Variation:
|
||
<typeStatus id="5482885AFFD02410FECC06CBFE31B1B6" box="[311,414,1484,1507]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
vary somewhat in colouration and in the intensity of the dorsal reticulation, particularly on the pronotum. In some instances the head is paler than the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5482885AFFD02410FD0706E9FCF3B250" box="[764,860,1518,1541]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, in others the pronotum and elytra darker, but in all specimens (except tenerals) the head is darker in colour than the pronotum and elytra.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3236573FFD02410FF3C0533FD25B2AD" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD02410FF3C0533FD25B2AD" blockId="3.[151,1436,1206,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FF3C0533FE6BB21E" bold="true" box="[199,452,1588,1611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D7BFFD02410FE350534FD65B21E" authority="Bilton, 2018" authorityName="Bilton" authorityYear="2018" box="[462,714,1587,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Parhydraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FE350534FD65B21E" box="[462,714,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Parhydraena cataracta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E5791FFD02410FD2F0533FC82B21E" box="[724,813,1588,1611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FD2F0533FC82B21E" bold="true" box="[724,813,1588,1611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
would key to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D7BFFD02410FC290533FB48B21E" authority="in Perkins (2009)" authorityName="in Perkins" authorityYear="2009" box="[978,1255,1588,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Parhydraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FC290533FBB8B21E" box="[978,1047,1588,1611]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">P. toro</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B09FFD02410FBBF0533FB48B21E" box="[1092,1255,1588,1611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" refId="ref2351" refString="Perkins, P. D. (2009) Revisions of the genera Parhydraena Orchymont, Protozantaena Perkins, Decarthrocerus Orchymont, and Parhydraenopsis nomen novum, aquatic and humicolous beetles from Africa and Madagascar, and comparative morphology of the tribe Parhydraenini (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae). Zootaxa, 2038, 1 - 119." type="journal article">Perkins (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, resembling this species in both external and aedeagal morphology. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D7BFFD02410FC980550FC08B23B" authorityName="in Perkins" authorityYear="2009" box="[867,935,1623,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Parhydraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FC980550FC08B23B" box="[867,935,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">P. toro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the paler colouration, with the head darker than the pronotum and elytra, the shallower pronotal impressions with less evident punctation, the presence of shining longitudinal ridges (remnants of punctures) over the majority of the pronotal disc (such sculpture is restricted to margins in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D7BFFD02410FF4805B8FF5AB283" authorityName="in Perkins" authorityYear="2009" box="[179,245,1727,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Parhydraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toro">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FF4805B8FF5AB283" box="[179,245,1727,1750]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">P. toro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the stronger elytral interval granules and on details of the aedeagus, particularly the longer distal lobe, which surpasses the apex of the main piece (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13022A7DFFD02410FDD205E6FDD2B2AD" box="[553,637,1761,1784]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,244,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[214,1365,280,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[208,1379,263,1855]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Parhydraena cataracta sp. nov. A) male holotype habitus; B) female paratype habitus; C) Aedeagus, ventral and lateral views.Scalebar (A & B) = 1 mm;(C) = 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1169551/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3236573FFD02410FF3C0403FA33B3F0" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD02410FF3C0403FA33B3F0" blockId="3.[151,1436,1206,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FF3C0403FE49B34E" bold="true" box="[199,486,1796,1819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
To date only known from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5482885AFFD02410FCC80403FCCEB34E" box="[819,865,1796,1819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13022A7DFFD02410FC320403FBA3B34E" box="[969,1036,1796,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,244,1083,1105]" captionTargetBox="[198,1388,181,1073]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[198,1388,181,1073]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Parhydraena cataracta sp. nov. type locality, South Africa, Western Cape, Hex River Mountains, Green Gulley on SE slopes of Mostertshoek Twins. A) overview of Green Gulley, location of area occupied below arrow; B) wet boulder/gravel scree belowwaterfall where specimens werecollected." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1169553/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), a cool, shaded, south-facing gulley (known locally as Green Gulley) on the SE slopes of Mostertshoek Twins in the Hex River Mountains,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FDF81AFFD02410FAFE0421FF56B335" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Here
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D7BFFD02410FEC4044EFE6FB335" authority="Bilton, 2018" authorityName="Bilton" authorityYear="2018" box="[319,448,1865,1888]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Parhydraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FEC4044EFE6FB335" box="[319,448,1865,1888]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">P. cataracta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E5791FFD02410FE3C044EFDB1B335" box="[455,542,1865,1888]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FE3C044EFDB1B335" bold="true" box="[455,542,1865,1888]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was flushed from boulders and gravels beside a small stream immediately below a vertical rockface. The occupied microhabitat was kept moist by spray/mist from the falls, even at the height of summer when the specimens were collected.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D7BFFD02410FDE70488FD33B3F3" authority="Bilton, 2018" authorityName="Bilton" authorityYear="2018" box="[540,668,1935,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Parhydraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FDE70488FD33B3F3" box="[540,668,1935,1958]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">P. cataracta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E5791FFD02410FD580489FD56B3F0" box="[675,761,1934,1957]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FD580489FD56B3F0" bold="true" box="[675,761,1934,1957]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
occurred together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D7BFFD02410FC0C0488FB3AB3F3" authorityName="Perkins & Balfour-Browne" authorityYear="1994" box="[1015,1173,1935,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Discozantaena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FC0C0488FB3AB3F3" box="[1015,1173,1935,1958]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Discozantaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FB45048AFB54B3F0" box="[1214,1275,1933,1957]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">karoo</emphasis>
|
||
Perkins, 2005.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3236573FFD02410FF3C04B6FE86B3BE" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8636F8FFD02410FF3C04B6FE86B3BE" blockId="3.[151,1436,1206,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FF3C04B6FEE8B39D" bold="true" box="[199,327,1969,1992]" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named in reference to the habitat, from the Latin
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C394D7BFFD02410FC9A04B6FC68B39D" authorityName="Bilton" authorityYear="2018" box="[865,967,1969,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Hydraenidae" genus="Parhydraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cataracta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAEAFFD02410FC9A04B6FC68B39D" box="[865,967,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="287">cataracta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(= waterfall). The specific epithet is a noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |