154 lines
18 KiB
XML
154 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="2BB1E650B19425F006BE6245CAFEDDC9">Review of Rhabdiasidae (Nematoda) from the Holarctic</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039087A9FF8FFFB509F0FE8BAD97CF10" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262491" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5262491" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A9FF8FFFB509F0FE8BAD97CF10" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087A9FF8FFFB509F0FE8BAD97CF10" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF8FFFB509F0FE8BAD96CB0C" blockId="32.[151,723,331,390]" box="[151,723,331,358]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF8FFFB509F0FE8BAD96CB0C" ID-CoL="9B39Z" authority="Tkach, Kuzmin et Pulis, 2006" authorityName="Tkach, Kuzmin et Pulis" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,723,331,358]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF8FFFB509F0FE8BAD96CB0C" bold="true" box="[151,723,331,358]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF8FFFB509F0FE8BAE19CB0F" bold="true" box="[151,348,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Rhabdias bakeri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF8FFFB50803FE8CAD96CB0C" author="Tkach, V. V. & Kuzmin, Y. & Pulis, E. E." box="[356,723,331,357]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="631 - 636" refId="ref44883" refString="Tkach, V. V., Kuzmin, Y. & Pulis, E. E. (2006) Rhabdias bakeri sp. n. from lungs of wood frog, Rana sylvatica, in North America: the last sibling of Rhabdias ranae? Journal of Parasitology, 92, 631 - 636. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1645 / GE- 625 R. 1" type="journal article" year="2006">Tkach, Kuzmin et Pulis, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3236534FF8FFFB509F0FEA9AD97CF10" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF8FFFB509F0FEA9AFBCCBEF" blockId="32.[151,723,331,390]" box="[151,249,366,390]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13022A3AFF8FFFB509F8FEA9AFB5CBEF" box="[159,240,366,390]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[228,1364,200,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-58@33.[202,1384,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 15. R. bakeri. A—anterior part of body, lateral view; B—head end, lateral view; C—head end, apical view; D—tail end, lateral view. Scale bars: A, D—0.1 mm; B, C—0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5262659/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF8FFFB509F0FE76ADA9CBAE" blockId="32.[151,748,433,455]" box="[151,748,433,455]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Synonyms:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF8FFFB50868FE76AD7BCBAE" authority="Walton, 1929" authorityName="Walton" authorityYear="1929" box="[271,574,433,455]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ranae">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF8FFFB50868FE76AEF5CBAE" box="[271,432,433,455]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Rhabdias ranae</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF8FFFB508D1FE76AD7BCBAE" author="Walton, A. C." box="[438,574,433,455]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="227 - 240" refId="ref45018" refString="Walton, A. C. (1929) Studies on some nematodes of North American frogs. I. Journal of Parasitology, 15, 227 - 240. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3271977" type="journal article" year="1929">
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Walton,
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<quantity id="4CC19B5AFF8FFFB50B6BFE76AD7BCBAE" box="[524,574,433,455]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.89966" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="in" value="1929.0">1929</quantity>
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF8FFFB50B39FE76ADADCBAE" author="Baker, M. R." box="[606,744,433,455]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="161 - 178" refId="ref40416" refString="Baker, M. R. (1979) The free-living and parasitic development of Rhabdias spp. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) in amphibians. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 57, 161 - 178. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 79 - 014" type="journal article" year="1979">Baker (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF8FFFB509F0FE28ACD6C86F" blockId="32.[151,1436,494,1401]" box="[151,915,494,518]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Host:
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF8FFFB509BCFE29AD07C86F" box="[219,578,494,518]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF8FFFB509BCFE29AEE9C86F" baseAuthorityName="Schreber" baseAuthorityYear="1782" box="[219,428,494,518]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Lithobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pipiens">Lithobates pipiens</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF8FFFB508D1FE28AD07C86F" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[438,578,494,518]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Lithobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvaticus">L. sylvaticus</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF8FFFB50B36FE29AD82C86F" box="[593,711,494,518]" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Amphibia</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF8FFFB50BB5FE29AC59C86F" box="[722,796,494,518]" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Anura</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF8FFFB50A41FE29ACC2C86F" authorityName="Batsch" authorityYear="1796" box="[806,903,494,518]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ranidae</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF8FFFB509A0FDD5AE00C843" blockId="32.[151,1436,494,1401]" box="[199,325,530,554]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Site: lungs.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF8FFFB509A0FDF1ACABC827" blockId="32.[151,1436,494,1401]" box="[199,1006,566,590]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Distribution: Northern Nearctic (northern
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<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFF8FFFB50BF9FDF1ADAEC827" box="[670,747,566,590]" name="United States of America" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
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and southern
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<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFF8FFFB50AEEFDF1ACA7C827" box="[905,994,566,590]" name="Canada" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Canada</collectingCountry>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF8FFFB509A0FD9DAEACCE85" blockId="32.[151,1436,494,1401]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Description (after
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF8FFFB508F0FD9DAD20C81B" author="Tkach, V. V. & Kuzmin, Y. & Pulis, E. E." box="[407,613,602,627]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="631 - 636" refId="ref44883" refString="Tkach, V. V., Kuzmin, Y. & Pulis, E. E. (2006) Rhabdias bakeri sp. n. from lungs of wood frog, Rana sylvatica, in North America: the last sibling of Rhabdias ranae? Journal of Parasitology, 92, 631 - 636. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1645 / GE- 625 R. 1" type="journal article" year="2006">
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Tkach
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF8FFFB50881FD9CAD65C81A" box="[486,544,603,627]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.</emphasis>
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2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
). Body 7.090 (
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5078FF8FFFB50A69FD9DAC0BC81B" box="[782,846,602,626]" degrees="4.051" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="55" value="4.051">4.051</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5078FF8FFFB50A29FD9DACEEC81B" box="[846,939,602,626]" degrees="10.692" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="55" value="-10.692">–10.692</geoCoordinate>
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) mm long, maximum width 245 (139–406) near vulva. Cuticular inflation less prominent in anterior part, from anterior end to level of distal part of oesophagus. In younger specimens, body cuticle evenly inflated along whole body. Oral opening oval, situated between 2 lateral pseudolabia. Each pseudolabium hemispherical in dorso-ventral view, rounded triangular in lateral view, with 2 small submedian protuberances (reduced submedian lips), each bearing a papilla. Vestibulum almost slit-like in apical view. Buccal capsule 17 (15–20) wide, 9 (7–12) deep, funnel-shaped in lateral view, round in apical view, with thick sclerotised walls. Lumen of buccal capsule narrow, cylindrical in lateral view. Anterior edge of buccal capsule slightly behind anterior edge of oesophagus. Oesophagus elongated, comparatively narrow, club-shaped, with dilated anterior muscular portion and egg-shaped posterior bulb. Oesophagus length 539 (465– 590), or 8.0 (5.4–11.9) % of body length. Width of oesophagus anterior end 36 (31–41), width of muscular dilation 43 (36–49), minimum width of glandular part 35 (27–44), width of oesophageal bulb 59 (48–72). Nerve ring encircling oesophagus posterior to its muscular dilation, at 174 (146–211) from oesophagus anterior end (32.3 [27.6–36.9] % of oesophagus length). Excretory pore opening just behind level of nerve ring. Intestine narrow at level of oesophageal-intestinal junction, then widening posteriorly. Rectum narrow, with thick sclerotised walls. Vulva postequatorial. Distance from anterior end to vulva 4.142 (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5078FF8FFFB50A17FB80ACF5CE36" box="[880,944,1095,1119]" degrees="2.297" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="55" value="2.297">2.297</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5078FF8FFFB50AD7FB80ACBACE36" box="[944,1023,1095,1119]" degrees="6.317" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="55" value="-6.317">–6.317</geoCoordinate>
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) mm, or 58.7 (53.7–63.8) % of body length. Proximal ends of syngonia far overlapping at level of vulva. Egg size 50–61 × 94–113 (n = 19). Tail conical, elongated. Tail length 254 (193–336), or 3.7 (2.7–6.7) % of body length. Inflated body cuticle covering tail up to its tip in younger specimens; in older ones tail tip lacking inflated cuticle. Phasmids situated somewhat posterior to mid-length of tail.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF8FFFB509A0FB30AE30CF5B" blockId="32.[151,1436,494,1401]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Remarks. The species is presumably a specific parasite of
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<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF8FFFB50A00FB3FACB0CF66" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[871,1013,1271,1295]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Lithobates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sylvaticus">
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<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF8FFFB50A00FB3FACB0CF66" box="[871,1013,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L. sylvaticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occasionally parasitizing other frogs (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF8FFFB509F9FADDAE2CCF5B" author="Tkach, V. V. & Kuzmin, Y. & Pulis, E. E." box="[158,361,1306,1331]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="631 - 636" refId="ref44883" refString="Tkach, V. V., Kuzmin, Y. & Pulis, E. E. (2006) Rhabdias bakeri sp. n. from lungs of wood frog, Rana sylvatica, in North America: the last sibling of Rhabdias ranae? Journal of Parasitology, 92, 631 - 636. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1645 / GE- 625 R. 1" type="journal article" year="2006">
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||
Tkach
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||
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF8FFFB5098AFADCAE60CF5A" box="[237,293,1307,1331]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF8FFFB509A0FAF9AB21CF3F" blockId="32.[151,1436,494,1401]" box="[199,1124,1342,1366]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Material studied:
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||
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF8FFFB508EBFAF9AD63CF3F" box="[396,550,1342,1366]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="generic">33 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
,
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B513CE2FF8FFFB50B55FAF9AB25CF3F" box="[562,1120,1342,1366]" collectionCode="USNPC" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="17">
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||
including the
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||
<typeStatus id="5482881DFF8FFFB50BACFAF9ADBECF3F" box="[715,763,1342,1366]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">type</typeStatus>
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||
series (
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||
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF8FFFB50A35FAF9ACABCF3F" box="[850,1006,1342,1366]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="generic">17 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED28AE7AFF8FFFB50A9EFAF9AB1CCF3F" box="[1017,1113,1342,1366]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ppqr-es1r" name="United States National Parasite Collection" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="Museum">USNPC</collectionCode>
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||
)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF8FFFB509A0FAA6AD97CF10" blockId="32.[151,1436,494,1401]" box="[199,722,1377,1401]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
References:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF8FFFB50835FAA6AEADCF10" author="Baker, M. R." box="[338,488,1377,1401]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="2127 - 2141" refId="ref40361" refString="Baker, M. R. (1978) Morphology and taxonomy of Rhabdias spp. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) from reptiles and amphibians of southern Ontario. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 56, 2127 - 2141. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1139 / z 78 - 289" type="journal article" year="1978">Baker (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF8FFFB50893FAA6AD8BCF10" author="Tkach, V. V. & Kuzmin, Y. & Pulis, E. E." box="[500,718,1377,1401]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="631 - 636" refId="ref44883" refString="Tkach, V. V., Kuzmin, Y. & Pulis, E. E. (2006) Rhabdias bakeri sp. n. from lungs of wood frog, Rana sylvatica, in North America: the last sibling of Rhabdias ranae? Journal of Parasitology, 92, 631 - 636. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1645 / GE- 625 R. 1" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Tkach
|
||
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF8FFFB50B26FAA5AD3CCF10" box="[577,633,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |