treatments-xml/data/13/71/EA/1371EA016F60FFAB4DEAAAB7FB41FF52.xml

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<mods:title id="919064000708059847A4CDDDB90F772D">Revision of Lithosia Fabricius, 1798 and Conilepia Hampson, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="1371EA016F60FFAB4DEAAAB7FB41FF52" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6073819" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120609158" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6073819" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1371EA016F60FFAB4DEAAAB7FB41FF52" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1371EA016F60FFAB4DEAAAB7FB41FF52" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="191" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">
<subSubSection id="D3C2089C6F60FFAA4DEAAAB7FEE6FC4D" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9B675B176F60FFAA4DEAAAB7FCDAFC2B" blockId="16.[151,795,913,973]" box="[151,795,913,939]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">
<heading id="C02FEC7B6F60FFAA4DEAAAB7FCDAFC2B" bold="true" box="[151,795,913,939]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" reason="1">
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F60FFAA4DEAAAB7FCDAFC2B" bold="true" box="[151,795,913,939]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F60FFAA4DEAAAB7FD70FC2B" authority="Dubatolov, Zolotuhin &amp; Witt" authorityName="Dubatolov, Zolotuhin &amp; Witt" box="[151,689,913,939]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Conilepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cao" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F60FFAA4DEAAAB7FEFFFC2B" bold="true" box="[151,318,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Conilepia cao</emphasis>
Dubatolov, Zolotuhin &amp; Witt
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B29F3A7E6F60FFAA4FC3AAB7FCDAFC2B" box="[702,795,913,939]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B675B176F60FFAA4DEAAA92FEE6FC4D" blockId="16.[151,795,913,973]" box="[151,295,948,973]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">
(
<figureCitation id="03E347926F60FFAA4DE2AA92FEDEFC4D" box="[159,287,948,973]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 32" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1432,1455]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1410]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1411]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 32. Moths of Conilepia and species formerly attributed to Lithosia: 14 — C. nigricosta nigricosta Leech, type, male, Japan, BMNH; 15 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, male, Japan, Hyogo pref., Haga cho, Onzui Tal, gen. prep. Nr. 17430; 16 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, male, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wyyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17432; 17 — C. nigricosta nigricosta, female, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wyyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17433; 18 — C. nigricosta paiwan, holotype, male, Taiwan, Fushan, Wulai, Taipei Hsien, coll. coll. Y. Kishida; 19 — C. nigricosta paiwan, paratype, female, the same locality as in the holotype; 20 — C. nigricosta paiwan, male, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr Forest Recreation, gen. prep. Nr. 17437; 21 — C. nigricosta paiwan, female, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr Forest Recreation, gen. prep. Nr. 17438; 22 — C. sikkima, type, female, Sikkim, coll. BMNH; 23 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, Mt. Kangchenjunga SE, gen. prep. Nr. 17444; 24 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, Legship, gen. prep. Nr. 25050; 25 — C. cao, holotype, male, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 18130, coll. Museum Witt; 26 — C. cao, paratype, female, S. Vietnam, Bach-Ma, gen. prep .. Nr. 25049, coll. Museum Witt; 27 — C. cao, paratype, female, C. Vietnam, Gia Lai Pr., K’Bang Dist., vill. Kon Loc, coll. Museum Witt; 28 — Lithosia subcosteola Druce, type, male, China, Hunan, coll. BMNH; 29 — Cybosia gynaegrapha de Joannis, holotype, Vietnam, Cha Pa, coll. MNHN; 30 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, male, China, Yunnan, 45 km N of Fugong, gen. prep. Nr. 25045; 31 – 32 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, female, N. Vietnam, Mt. Fan-si-pan, upperside (31) and underside (32)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260859/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Figs 25–27</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D3C2089C6F60FFAA4DEAAAD0FEFCFABB" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9B675B176F60FFAA4DEAAAD0FD59FB78" blockId="16.[151,1437,1014,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F60FFAA4DEAAAD0FE7AFB8F" bold="true" box="[151,443,1014,1039]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">
<typeStatus id="4463E5B56F60FFAA4DEAAAD0FF13FB8F" box="[151,210,1014,1039]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Type</typeStatus>
material. 
<typeStatus id="4463E5B56F60FFAA4C33AAD0FE7AFB8F" box="[334,443,1014,1039]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
—♂, 
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F60FFAA4C81AAD1FD43FB8F" box="[508,642,1015,1039]" name="Vietnam" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">VIETNAM</collectingCountry>
: “ 
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F60FFAA4FEAAAD0FD38FB8F" box="[663,761,1014,1039]" name="Vietnam" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
mer. / Bach-ma Nat. Park / 
<quantity id="5C20F6F26F60FFAA4940AAD1FB52FB8E" box="[1085,1171,1015,1039]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
/ 16’10’’N 107’54’’E / 26.7.– 
<date id="EF667DD76F60FFAA4DA7AD31FEFEFBB0" box="[218,319,1047,1072]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" value="1996-08-06">6.8.1996</date>
leg. / V. Siniaev &amp; E. Afonin / Museum Witt”. 
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F60FFAA4E2BAD31FC19FBB0" bold="true" box="[854,984,1047,1072]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">
<typeStatus id="4463E5B56F60FFAA4E2BAD31FC12FBB0" box="[854,979,1047,1072]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
1 ♀, the same data as in the 
<typeStatus id="4463E5B56F60FFAA4860AD31FA42FBB0" box="[1309,1411,1047,1072]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; 1 ♀, C. 
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F60FFAA4D9DAD1FFE83FBD2" box="[224,322,1081,1106]" name="Vietnam" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, Gia Lai Pr., K’Bang Dist., vill. Kon Loc, 
<quantity id="5C20F6F26F60FFAA4E4BAD1CFC4FFBD1" box="[822,910,1082,1106]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" unit="m" value="1110.0">1110 m</quantity>
, Kon Ka Kinh NP, 
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, 
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, lum., 
<date id="EF667DD76F60FFAA4DEAAD7DFE85FBF3" box="[151,324,1115,1139]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" value="2012-03-14" valueMax="2012-03-18" valueMin="2012-03-14">14–18.III 2012</date>
, leg. V. Zolotuhin; these 
<typeStatus id="4463E5B56F60FFAA4F1AAD7DFD63FBF3" box="[615,674,1115,1139]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">types</typeStatus>
are preserved in MWM; 
<specimenCount id="8DDE909E6F60FFAA4EB4AD7DFC39FBF2" box="[969,1016,1115,1139]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, gen. prep. AV1591, 1 ♀, gen. prep. AV1623, Central 
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F60FFAA4C22AD5AFE00FB15" box="[351,449,1148,1173]" name="Vietnam" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, Da Nang province, Ba Na Mt. 
<quantity id="5C20F6F26F60FFAA4E49AD5AFC4CFB14" box="[820,909,1148,1173]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" unit="m" value="1450.0">1450 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="EF667DD76F60FFAA4EE6AD5AFC28FB15" box="[923,1001,1148,1173]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" value="2015-05">v.2015</date>
, leg. Le Luong Thanh; 2 ♀, the same locality, 
<date id="EF667DD76F60FFAA4D85ADBBFE8EFB36" box="[248,335,1181,1206]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" value="2015-09">ix.2015</date>
, leg. Le Luong Than; 
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, South 
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F60FFAA4FADADBBFCF3FB36" box="[720,818,1181,1206]" name="Vietnam" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, Lam Dong province, Lac Duong district, Tay Nguyen Highlands, Nui Ba National Park, 
<date id="EF667DD76F60FFAA4F50AD98FD4DFB57" box="[557,652,1214,1239]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" value="2015-12">xii.2015</date>
, leg. Vo Van Nhon; all last specimens are deposited in the private collection of A. V. Volynkin, Barnaul, 
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F60FFAA4F3BADF9FD55FB78" box="[582,660,1247,1272]" name="Russia" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Russia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B675B176F60FFAA4DBAAC27FEFCFABB" blockId="16.[151,1437,1014,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F60FFAA4DBAAC27FE9CFA9A" bold="true" box="[199,349,1281,1306]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Ethymology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F60FFAA4C15AC24FE54FA9A" box="[360,405,1282,1306]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Conilepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cao">Cao</taxonomicName>
Dai—the higher godhead of 
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F60FFAA4F8EAC27FC93FA9A" box="[755,850,1281,1306]" name="Vietnam" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
also known as all-seeing eye or “The Eye of the Omniscience”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D3C2089C6F60FFAA4DBAAC62FDEFF96D" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" type="description">
<paragraph id="9B675B176F60FFAA4DBAAC62FDEFF96D" blockId="16.[151,1437,1014,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F60FFAA4DBAAC62FE98FADD" bold="true" box="[199,345,1348,1373]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Description.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F60FFAA4C23AC62FE5AFADD" box="[350,411,1348,1373]" name="Malta" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Male</collectingCountry>
. Forewing length 
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. Thorax, patagia and tegulae orange-yellow. Abdomen orangeyellow with grey scales. Forewing ground colour dark yellow, darker at basal 1/4. Costa black along discal cell; apical part of costa yellow. Forewing cilia yellow with black scales at apex. Hindwings light yellow. Hindwing cilia light yellow. 
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F60FFAA4C56AC81FEA4FA40" box="[299,357,1447,1472]" name="Malta" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Male</collectingCountry>
genitalia (
<figureCitation id="03E347926F60FFAA4CA0AC81FDF2FA40" box="[477,563,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 55" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1688,1711]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1665]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1667]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 55. Male (46 – 51) and female (52 – 55) genitalia of Conilepia and Cybosia gynaegrapha: 46 — C. nigricostata, Japan, gen. prep. Nr. 17430; 47 — C. nigricostata, China, Fujian, Kuatun, gen. prep. Nr. 1717431; 48 — C. nigricosta paiwan, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr, gen. prep. Nr. 17437; 49 — C. cao, holotype, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 18130; 50 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, gen. prep. Nr. 17445; 51 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, N. Vietnam, Fan-si-pan Mts., gen. prep. Nr. 25048; 52 — C. nigricosta, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wuyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17433; 53 — C. nigricosta paiwan, Taiwan, Prov. Taoyuan, Ming Chyr, gen. prep. Nr. 17438; 54 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, gen. prep. Nr. 25050; 55 — C. cao, paratype, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 25049." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260861/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
): uncus moderate in width, broader at base, downturned at apex, with a small spine at tip. Cucullus nearly quadrangular, short, membranous and hairly. Sacculus sclerotized, bent upward at rectangular angle at middle part, constricted at apex, longer than the middle part of cucullus. Juxta X-shaped. Saccus broadly triangular. Aedeagus short, without any spine. Vesica globular, with a weak spinulose zone and two spike-like cornuti at apex. Female. Forewing length 
<quantity id="5C20F6F26F60FFAA4F89AF0BFCB2F9C5" box="[756,883,1581,1606]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="16.0">16–19 mm</quantity>
. Head and thorax light bright yellow. Abdomen yellow. Forewing ground colour bright yellow with two black spots: the anteriormost, nearly quadrangular, between costa and fore angle of discal cell; the other, round, situated between discal cell and anal vein at medial portion of the wing; posterior spot slightly larger than the anterior spot. Forewing cilia yellow, with some black scales at apex. Hindwings light yellow. Female genitalia (
<figureCitation id="03E347926F60FFAA4E5DAF94FCB4F94B" box="[800,885,1714,1739]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 55" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1688,1711]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1665]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1667]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 55. Male (46 – 51) and female (52 – 55) genitalia of Conilepia and Cybosia gynaegrapha: 46 — C. nigricostata, Japan, gen. prep. Nr. 17430; 47 — C. nigricostata, China, Fujian, Kuatun, gen. prep. Nr. 1717431; 48 — C. nigricosta paiwan, Taiwan, Prov. Ilan, Ming Chyr, gen. prep. Nr. 17437; 49 — C. cao, holotype, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 18130; 50 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, gen. prep. Nr. 17445; 51 — Cyb. gynaegrapha, N. Vietnam, Fan-si-pan Mts., gen. prep. Nr. 25048; 52 — C. nigricosta, China, Jiangxi-Fujian border, Wuyshan, gen. prep. Nr. 17433; 53 — C. nigricosta paiwan, Taiwan, Prov. Taoyuan, Ming Chyr, gen. prep. Nr. 17438; 54 — C. sikkima, India, Sikkim, gen. prep. Nr. 25050; 55 — C. cao, paratype, Vietnam mer., Bach-ma Nat. Park, gen. prep. Nr. 25049." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260861/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
): similar to those of 
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F60FFAA4923AF95FAABF94A" box="[1118,1386,1715,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Conilepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nigricosta" subSpecies="nigricosta">
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F60FFAA4923AF95FAABF94A" box="[1118,1386,1715,1738]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">C. nigricosta nigricosta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but bursa is oval, elongate, not globular.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D3C2089C6F60FFAA4DBAAFD3FA4FF8F1" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="9B675B176F60FFAA4DBAAFD3FA4FF8F1" blockId="16.[151,1437,1014,2006]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F60FFAA4DBAAFD3FE80F88E" bold="true" box="[199,321,1781,1806]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The new species is well determined by presence of two black spots on forewings and a short black costal line not extended distally to the costal black spot. It is also characterized by male genitalia characters, such as a long saccular process and the presence of two spike-like cornuti at globular apex of vesica. Female looks very similar to 
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F60FFAA4C75AE7CFEBDF8F1" box="[264,380,1882,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Conilepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paiwan">
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F60FFAA4C75AE7CFEBDF8F1" box="[264,380,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">C. paiwan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but forewings are not so bright; they are, however, noticeably brighter than in 
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F60FFAA4989AE7CFA46F8F1" box="[1268,1415,1882,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Conilepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricosta">
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F60FFAA4989AE7CFA46F8F1" box="[1268,1415,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">C. nigricosta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D3C2089C6F60FFAB4DBAAE5CFB41FF52" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="192" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9B675B176F60FFAA4DBAAE5CFB40F813" blockId="16.[151,1437,1014,2006]" box="[199,1153,1914,1939]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F60FFAA4DBAAE5CFE98F813" bold="true" box="[199,345,1914,1939]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="03E347926F60FFAA4C15AE5CFE7CF813" box="[360,445,1914,1939]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 – 57" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1933,1956]" captionTargetBox="[266,1349,265,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[257,1358,246,1075]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 56 – 57. Distribution maps of Lithosia (56) and Conilepia (57): 56 — L. quadra (black rings) and L. yuennanensis (green rings); 57 — C. nigricosta (black rings, larger rings show the province locality without exact data), C. sikkima (red rings), C. cao (blue rings)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/260862/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="5CD820946F60FFAA4CADAE5DFDDBF812" box="[464,538,1915,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Conilepia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cao">
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F60FFAA4CADAE5DFDDBF812" box="[464,538,1915,1938]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">C. cao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is so far known only from Central and South 
<collectingCountry id="E3CF1B876F60FFAA4967AE5CFBBDF813" box="[1050,1148,1914,1939]" name="Vietnam" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B675B176F60FFAB4DBAAEBAFB41FF52" blockId="16.[151,1437,1014,2006]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1436,151,210]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="192" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="A9AC87056F60FFAA4DBAAEBAFE82F835" bold="true" box="[199,323,1948,1973]" pageId="16" pageNumber="191">Bionomics</emphasis>
. Mountain species, restricted to the undisturbed tropical forest at the altitudes 
<quantity id="5C20F6F26F60FFAA498AAEBAFA59F834" box="[1271,1432,1948,1973]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.1099999999999999" pageId="16" pageNumber="191" unit="m" value="1280.0" valueMax="1450.0" valueMin="1110.0">1110–1450 m</quantity>
. Typical biotopes are forested steep slopes of rocky gorges, densely covered with different ever-green trees. The moths were collected in the beginning of the wet season at light in mid March and late June-early July, as well as in December also; probably develops two or three generations per year. Hosts are unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>