478 lines
60 KiB
XML
478 lines
60 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-231-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0D762CF99C605B04AF072C867EEB1488" ModsDocID="1314-2003-231-1" checkinTime="1693383686345" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Knapp, Sandra, Saerkinen, Tiina & Barboza, Gloria E." docDate="2023" docId="A4B9B466F54B6DDD890A44D07499F9D5" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 231: 1-342" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 231" docPubDate="2023-08-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894" docTitle="Solanum chenopodioides Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 18. 1794." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="0D762CF99C605B04AF072C867EEB1488" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="0D762CF99C605B04AF072C867EEB1488" masterDocTitle="A revision of the South American species of the Morelloid clade (Solanum L., Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="342" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1693383686345" updateUser="pensoft">
|
||
<mods:mods id="1BED1F9F7F87025A9BF03EEF7283829E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="DF86498B479E39EA1AA788D7B3793F96">
|
||
<mods:title id="DC84776C69E8256DCBCBBAA8DF4F31CB">A revision of the South American species of the Morelloid clade (Solanum L., Solanaceae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="C948F439CB6141ACD3D1CD8501970CA6" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="8A89338B90E28B2A75A9B009C69ADF58">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="7C2CA0C07D4138A5AC66D1D6E5DD4EAF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="F0CD98CAD790C63D8754F4664429D8A7">Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="531FB8281E57183803DC483B2F380F61" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7698-3945</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="D68C9BC4B91F93C486A0E6C085460466">Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2EA790A60D94CB2F03A5AA89D324906C" type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="576473C5DA1CC2685B7D40AB739DBEF7" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="122830617BB3DFD171BA0F6F8341688C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5E25E0B3D14D54AC073137900BDAF15A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="DC8D91D1C33427AA70C286C223393586">Saerkinen, Tiina</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C394111D1108136ED9B5AB3FD90AE781" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6956-3093</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="BD55F6A9ED581A05DEE35992B7E20818">Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH 3 5 LR, UK</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="D204554C1A1105A0F6335ED74DC1AB1C" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="47061663AD1C0E1E442FCB26A8A7EEDE">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="2EDC0C7960FC822D37A978FCF409E7D7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="3FFD3551593FA20781BF37B46C36452F">Barboza, Gloria E.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6AFD79088F12D11EC6B5C86FAD0B9E0F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-036X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="92AE714DAE4DE33EB26DAE06F96EAAE5">Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="BB0F68E307BE90E8F17E89E6798528FB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="FE3BD0F561A30DFDEE2C60DF9595CA22" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="98ABDEE0DB7554F416C3AC4D83FF5D41">
|
||
<mods:title id="6878E283CE87F836E1138D3CD8D15005">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="4D752A4091293258B515D04865C9C50E">
|
||
<mods:date id="F250F73146357D4B66FBB26E01E3BD52">2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="A90E19436F432FC6EF278018DFB23E91" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="2F8F4839CBF97F749CCF38FFF229F40F">2023-08-29</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="62F233CB2D18CDAF16515CCA7F9481F8" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="230A9260464C53DB1876E56F6AE4A719">231</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="E9322B1635E61B990C2A3DC1EB9453DA" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="E037F51D6DF2AE6F3867B3C464BC10A3">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="9D20EB8EE65C0FA78C537F8FCC2C6913">342</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="F31D2250041C6266BBDEF8F29A9094B5">
|
||
<mods:url id="BECEFDA96D95155BAF57FF228E01411D">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="EFB12B8E18948C7614BAE711A0873497">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="887B22DE3AAD088737C07E4A746C7BD2" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C98E7A0268E3FBC123F3D16B2062F832" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-231-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="3AE55BB31FC611727A3E6E91B5D96FAC" type="Pensoft-UUID">0D762CF99C605B04AF072C867EEB1488</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="A4B9B466F54B6DDD890A44D07499F9D5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A4B9B466F54B6DDD890A44D07499F9D5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A4B9B466F54B6DDD890A44D07499F9D5" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C338DB3845CBEF31D3404A2ECE52142A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="24983B083BE6D909380D0B3D7B6D02CF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
11.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AFA00FA86C4493F12BFAE73F981B42EE" ID-CoL="4XZX5" ID-ENA="795972" authority="Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 18. 1794." authorityName="Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 18. 1794." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">Solanum chenopodioides Lam., Tabl. Encycl. 2: 18. 1794.</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E0A5B76B36B51B2DDBDE6CA9134CBC75" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="58135B0E844CB4A6486AA73E9BE199F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<figureCitation id="A8C73D4333D482055651445CFC34004C" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Solanum chenopodioides A habit B detail of adaxial leaf surface C detail of abaxial leaf surface D opening bud E dissected flower F fruiting branch G detail of infructescence H maturing fruit I fully mature fruit (A-E Fox s. n. F-I Hieronymus s. n.). Illustration by R. Wise. Previously published in Barboza et al. (2013: 242), Saerkinen et al. (2018: 67) and Knapp et al. (2019: 46)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897496" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 35</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="4CFB3E5EBE27C8334D562FAC0DF93E01" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Solanum chenopodioides A habit B buds C flowers at full anthesis D fully mature dull black fruits with appressed calyx lobes (A-D Nijmegen acc. # A 14750051). Photos by S. Knapp and G. van der Weerden. Previously published in Saerkinen et al. (2018: 68) and Knapp et al. (2019: 47)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897497" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 36</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="42114D69EFD7DA00F398D995B70C925E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="63AEB940D07D6185C015B61F37E3708D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1C8A2CECEE5A0D6B7C53B3EAD0A04D54" authorityName="Willd. ex Roemer & Schultes" authorityYear="1819" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sublobatum">Solanum sublobatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Willd. ex Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 664. 1819. Type. Argentina. Buenos Aires,
|
||
<emphasis id="55CD21657B5F09DD0B35E2602B051F6F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anon. s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
[probably
|
||
<emphasis id="DBC9E062DD32BFCC6B3FE6AB3F38F546" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. Commerson</emphasis>
|
||
] (
|
||
<emphasis id="28F3DE49E41E3E644BC4FBC99130B0E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Herb. Willdenow 4336</emphasis>
|
||
) (lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="27BD91A1C1FB4B6B4BEF821A5484373D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="95 - 114" refId="B73" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1972. A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum sect. Solanum (Maurella) in South America. Kew Bulletin 27 (1): 95 - 114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" title="A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum sect. Solanum (Maurella) in South America." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" volume="27" year="1972">Edmonds 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 105 [as type ex photo]: B [B-W04336-01-0]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A2C0131114068BBFFE89A6BDD7AAD9AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F921670D4F3B487C13F7D95600B4B17C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum besseri" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="besseri">Solanum besseri</taxonomicName>
|
||
Weinm., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 593. 1819. Type. "In America" [cultivated in Europe?],
|
||
<emphasis id="03453C69F2E53B4A0222B3F02AFC89E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anon. s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(no specimens cited; no original material located; neotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D6C95FC1D31FE77B0C2903D1C1A229F7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" author="Saerkinen, T" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 223" refId="B209" refString="Saerkinen, T, Poczai, P, Barboza, GE, van der Weerden, GM, Baden, M, Knapp, S, 2018. A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 106: 1 - 223, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" title="A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" volume="106" year="2018">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="548CFF2F6054DD901FD29E8A016D9F13" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 65: G-DC [G00144198]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4523BE9E3EC89FE79BDC2C54EF5BFBAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AE4675A704BE5097BADD928F6EE0893B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum subspatulatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subspatulatum">Solanum subspatulatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sendtn., Fl. Bras. (Martius) 10: 45, tab. 4, figs 16-18. 1846. Type. Brazil. Sin. loc.,
|
||
<emphasis id="4362998EE2610D2AE8A2B587C4780E4E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F. Sellow s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: B, destroyed [F neg. 3183]; lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2FDD6364DFB437B2918E9A9425448210" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2395139" author="D'Arcy, WG" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="573 - 780" refId="B53" refString="D'Arcy, WG, 1974a. [1973]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 60: 573 - 780, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2395139" title="[1973]) Solanaceae, Flora of Panama. Part 9." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2395139" volume="60" year="1974 a">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="449329905420049E4B59E38AB97D2629" originalValue="D’Arcy">D'Arcy</normalizedToken>
|
||
1974a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 735 [as type]: P [P00384051]; isolectotype: F [v0361921F, acc. # 621700, fragment]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0603C052CE9105AE5506B291EF7BDCB3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D492FC23DC168BFDF1F72EF0AD25221E" authorityName="J.Remy" authorityYear="1849" baseAuthorityName="Lam." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Witheringia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Witheringia chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">Witheringia chenopodioides</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Lam.) J.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B0246817DFD157A5EA7B318F9876C1E7" originalValue="Rémy">Remy</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Fl. Chil. [Gay] 5: 69. 1849. Type. Based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88D4D1C2BA72237B1D08AE96D2CA6BAA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">Solanum chenopodioides</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lam.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C178EF406248C0FFE7956F8BE084A6C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8E17363D118815203BB06C81A11DA9EB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodiifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodiifolium">Solanum chenopodiifolium</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal, Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(1): 44. 1852. Type. Argentina/Uruguay. "Buenos Aires et Montevideo",
|
||
<emphasis id="FABB4DFA976CFE1FA0E7A9A489D71710" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. Commerson s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="46C3FF6A3EF06A3BC08071DAFFA63AC5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" author="Edmonds, JM" journalOrPublisher="Kew Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="95 - 114" refId="B73" refString="Edmonds, JM, 1972. A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum sect. Solanum (Maurella) in South America. Kew Bulletin 27 (1): 95 - 114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" title="A synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum sect. Solanum (Maurella) in South America." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/4117874" volume="27" year="1972">Edmonds 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 108 [as holotype], second step designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4BE46C710219DCA70D7EA6D9FF581BC2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" author="Saerkinen, T" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 223" refId="B209" refString="Saerkinen, T, Poczai, P, Barboza, GE, van der Weerden, GM, Baden, M, Knapp, S, 2018. A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 106: 1 - 223, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" title="A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" volume="106" year="2018">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8CDF12CF8573E0B5C52A10CCFAF6E560" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 65: P [P00384081]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6B52A461AA1B1CFFD08EC47FCAE27B92" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A537BB269757B843A7468BF171E0AEBF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracile">Solanum gracile</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal, Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 13(1): 54. 1852, nom. illeg., not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A7C5861E2E2D2C9CA025152568FCDB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracile">Solanum gracile</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sendtn. (1846). Type. Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: "Rio de Janeiro", 1831-1833,
|
||
<emphasis id="5D7558050D499C16A96376C338FFD557" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. Gaudichaud 520</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B740209132368BC3DA4A3664D3707D3A" author="Henderson, RJF" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 78" refId="B105" refString="Henderson, RJF, 1974. Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) and related species in Australia. Contributions from the Queensland Herbarium 16: 1 - 78" title="Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae) and related species in Australia." volume="16" year="1974">Henderson 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 46: G-DC [G00144391]; isolectotypes: G [G00343457], P [P00384052, P00384053]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EBFCB199EA88D753F5878A0329F51CFC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B1789049C2B5BA4DF02EB1D63338E3AD" authorityName="Dunal" authorityYear="1852" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum gracile subsp. var. var. microphyllum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="gracile" subSpecies="var." variety="microphyllum">Solanum gracile Dunal var. microphyllum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal, Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(1): 54. 1852. Type. Argentina/Uruguay. "Circa Buenos Ayres et Montevideo",
|
||
<emphasis id="FA9648AAAA79F40BCDE7C32CBE2C8BA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. Commerson s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F6988657FDF79296CD01407BBBC81DE9" author="Morton, CV" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B166" refString="Morton, CV, 1976. A revision of the Argentine species of Solanum. Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Cordoba." title="A revision of the Argentine species of Solanum. Academia Nacional de Ciencias, Cordoba." year="1976">Morton 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 151: P [P00384061, Morton neg. 8207]; possible isolectotype: F [v0073283F, acc. # 976485, fragment only]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="01A1892367BDBBB868027B0B2DB274DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="52E172802CBAF2EDB2BAD68166256658" authorityName="Dunal" authorityYear="1852" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum isabellei" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="isabellei">Solanum isabellei</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal, Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 13(1): 153. 1852. Type. Uruguay. Montevideo, Lat. aust. 34°45'08", 1838,
|
||
<emphasis id="D92CB373DB89CA34D0A5A382EE60ABEC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. Isabelle s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="85ED70931F2A45C91C72CDCEF37CA03F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" author="Saerkinen, T" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 223" refId="B209" refString="Saerkinen, T, Poczai, P, Barboza, GE, van der Weerden, GM, Baden, M, Knapp, S, 2018. A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 106: 1 - 223, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" title="A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" volume="106" year="2018">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9ABE756F833A969E6BA053B4D9A40732" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 65: G-DC (G00145645); isolectotypes: F [v0073298F, acc. # 680251; v0073299F, acc. # 680253], K [K000585686], P [P00384071], W [acc. # 1889-115034]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="423568C1CE83C83A3E5D4ACECD7A0191" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E90F48966F6F9544656638D0160387A8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum nodiflorum subsp. var. var. microphyllum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="nodiflorum" subSpecies="var." variety="microphyllum">Solanum nodiflorum Jacq. var. microphyllum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hassl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 118. 1911. Type. Paraguay. Estrella: Mar,
|
||
<emphasis id="46474EF99543D2CCAA94B6BD90B08DDA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AA66B5F824B18DB015BE899B2DB89565" originalValue="É">E</normalizedToken>
|
||
. Hassler 10271
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype: G [n.v.], Morton photo 8612).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C18584DF84BC4EBD3C840BF688001C20" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DD53543DDB37DA9DAAB65737C391A55" authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1912" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum vile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vile">Solanum vile</taxonomicName>
|
||
Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 221. 1912. Type. Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: Restinga do Harpoador,
|
||
<emphasis id="081F4A342EC2BD676E680068540245B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. Ule 4310</emphasis>
|
||
(lectotype, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F09D33B677AC232F0A1DB25350F01C5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" author="Saerkinen, T" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 223" refId="B209" refString="Saerkinen, T, Poczai, P, Barboza, GE, van der Weerden, GM, Baden, M, Knapp, S, 2018. A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 106: 1 - 223, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" title="A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" volume="106" year="2018">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C456A93A9DCD8C3F7EDE21B663C8B903" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 66: CORD [CORD00004277]; isolectotype: HBG [HBG511507]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E9AEBBE5326070514A024B2F0CDC2C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B64EFC929BB715589C6F9E70F5AEEA7E" authorityName="Herter" authorityYear="1943" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum gracilius" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilius">Solanum gracilius</taxonomicName>
|
||
Herter, Rev. Sudamer. Bot. 7: 266. 1943. Type: Based on (replacement name for)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB3B269C218EB152EAB912086A4E548C" family="Solanaceae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gracile">S. gracile</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D3570678FDD7643136CFF43E6E0ED12F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4E27197F35394983CFD2F2DEFED7C7DF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum ottonis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ottonis">Solanum ottonis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hyl., Uppsala Univ.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8F43A0A44D5273AB555240233D9C3E29" originalValue="Årsskr">Arsskr</normalizedToken>
|
||
. 7: 279. 1945. Type. Based on (replacement name for)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BD613B70FDE619BEC8037DC7AE68E2E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracile">Solanum gracile</taxonomicName>
|
||
Dunal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EB37B3E3F85CCA522B6DE04B262D49E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="2A1BC1BE4FFC47F64784D897489EBC81" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<typeStatus id="AB3739BCD53703D50D1A4FB600AF0B17">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE493290E6472EC111590CE53C8C6EEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8B43F2F86E145F528507815E6E5024EA" name="Mauritius">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
. "Ex ins. Mauritiana",
|
||
<emphasis id="88F7DCB15947D2602F07B72821010814" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Herb. Lamarck s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="CDBA369C9EEF3A0647B13CA31E0CBD96">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3E0147FA7CC2C65E81BB730D0735CCF8" author="Barboza, GE" editor="Anton, AM" journalOrPublisher=") Flora Argentina (Vol. 13), Solanaceae. IOBDA- IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires & Cordoba, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="231 - 264" refId="B10" refString="Barboza, GE, Knapp, S, Saerkinen, T, 2013. Grupo VII. Moreloide. In: Anton, AM, Zuloaga, FO, Eds., Barboza GE (Coord.) Flora Argentina (Vol. 13), Solanaceae. IOBDA- IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires & Cordoba, Argentina: 231 - 264" title="Grupo VII. Moreloide." volumeTitle="Barboza GE (Coord." year="2013">Barboza et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pg. 242: P [P00357629]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="023925B9ABEEC2993A347D2CCB22C572" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897496" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 35" startId="F35">
|
||
<paragraph id="77704833C546775B9796B7B4A646439E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E7A28931DC9D56DFFED95349C5002AF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 35.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6BEE55BA955785048EC0614D4454CCAB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="9EDBD2A5BD057081CAEEFAE670432EDD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="AAA781FD53714C031A1545D0C1B0FF0B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
habit
|
||
<emphasis id="C098910724FDDFB34B144C7EF5F30B03" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
detail of adaxial leaf surface
|
||
<emphasis id="ECF117C59F290CECB434FF1A8FCDBF3A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
detail of abaxial leaf surface
|
||
<emphasis id="4FA1AE15BB56E51B10BC5BA2776BF8F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
opening bud
|
||
<emphasis id="238E3C1F660C08629CDEE694DC053373" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
dissected flower
|
||
<emphasis id="36790AEED5E64D0FC5671C9A5F4A6DB4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
fruiting branch
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BE379654A6ED6D7651D1D295FBF16A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
||
detail of infructescence
|
||
<emphasis id="EE5E9024446470A5FD3D69351C569765" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
|
||
maturing fruit
|
||
<emphasis id="1BD7B9FEBE03B5775A0AEAC1040A3CC2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
|
||
fully mature fruit (
|
||
<emphasis id="82B82179E143C00A250A635A90C5BA06" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-E</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="83009AB7D2402E12E77FA5A40FA2D3AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fox s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="3FA0CC296B187F15E06D7727150B49EA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F-I</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="95C47338DC0FB094B4ED719893CB63A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hieronymus s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
). Illustration by R. Wise. Previously published in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4FB853F5CF7B083F788564130F620EF8" author="Barboza, GE" editor="Anton, AM" journalOrPublisher=") Flora Argentina (Vol. 13), Solanaceae. IOBDA- IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires & Cordoba, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="231 - 264" refId="B10" refString="Barboza, GE, Knapp, S, Saerkinen, T, 2013. Grupo VII. Moreloide. In: Anton, AM, Zuloaga, FO, Eds., Barboza GE (Coord.) Flora Argentina (Vol. 13), Solanaceae. IOBDA- IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires & Cordoba, Argentina: 231 - 264" title="Grupo VII. Moreloide." volumeTitle="Barboza GE (Coord." year="2013">Barboza et al. (2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 242),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D782CD92A3248A5CF37CC97A2E7F777" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" author="Saerkinen, T" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 223" refId="B209" refString="Saerkinen, T, Poczai, P, Barboza, GE, van der Weerden, GM, Baden, M, Knapp, S, 2018. A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 106: 1 - 223, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" title="A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" volume="106" year="2018">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C8DF5F805A9CB466605ED7C609B5266E" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 67) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C65E57ED2C5DF6F4A844161AB4FDC183" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" author="Knapp, S" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 174" refId="B136" refString="Knapp, S, Barboza, GE, Bohs, L, Saerkinen, T, 2019. A revision of the Morelloid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in the Caribbean and North and Central America. PhytoKeys 123: 1 - 174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" title="A revision of the Morelloid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in the Caribbean and North and Central America." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" volume="123" year="2019">Knapp et al. (2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 46).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="186FDAE589E5CAA735E1A404F8A4EF1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D32C88080CCDDA58534E57E4C9F9D1C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4D0A79F077429B0280162AB40D22530A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Annual herbs to short-lived perennial shrubs up to 1 m high, subwoody and branching at base. Stems terete, green-grey to straw colour, sprawling, somewhat weak and decumbent, not markedly hollow; new growth usually densely pubescent with simple, uniseriate appressed 1-6-celled eglandular trichomes, these 0.1-0.6 mm long; older stems more sparsely pubescent, glabrescent. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves not geminate. Leaves simple, the blades 1.5-5.5(-7) cm long, 0.5-3(-3.5) cm wide, lanceolate to narrowly ovate, rarely ovate, widest at the middle or slightly below, membranous, discolorous; adaxial surface green, sparsely pubescent with appressed 1-4-celled translucent, simple, uniseriate trichomes like those on stem, these denser along the veins; abaxial surface pale grey, more densely pubescent with trichomes like those of the upper surface evenly distributed across lamina and veins; major veins 3-6 pairs, not clearly evident abaxially; base attenuate, decurrent on the petiole; margins entire or sinuate; apex acute to obtuse; petioles (0.5-)1-1.5(-3.5) cm long, sparsely pubescent with simple uniseriate trichomes like those of the stems and leaves. Inflorescences generally internodal but appearing to arise opposite the leaves on young shoots, unbranched or rarely forked, 1-2.5(-4) cm long, with 3-7(-10) flowers clustered near the tips (sub-umbelliform), sparsely pubescent with appressed 1-2-celled simple uniseriate trichomes; peduncle 1-2.3(-4) cm long, strongly deflexed downwards in fruit; pedicels 5-10 mm long, ca. 0.5 mm in diameter at the base and 1 mm in diameter at the apex, straight and spreading, articulated at the base; pedicel scars spaced ca. 0-1 mm apart. Buds elongate-oblong, the corolla only slightly exserted from the calyx tube before anthesis. Flowers 5-merous, cosexual (hermaphroditic). Calyx tube 2-3 mm long, conical, the lobes 0.6-1.2 mm long, less than 1 mm wide, broadly deltate to triangular with acute to obtuse apices, sparsely pubescent with 1-4-celled appressed hairs like those on stem but shorter. Corolla 0.6-1.2 cm in diameter, white with a black and yellow-green central portion near the base, the black colour usually distal to the yellow green, deeply stellate, lobed 4/5 of the way to the base, the lobes 3.5-4 mm long, 1.5-1.9 mm wide, strongly reflexed at anthesis, later spreading, densely puberulent-papillate abaxially with 1-4-celled simple uniseriate trichomes, these denser on the tips and margins. Stamens equal; filament tube minute; free portion of the filaments 0.6-1 mm long, adaxially pubescent with simple tangled uniseriate 4-6-celled simple trichomes; anthers (2-)2.3-2.8 mm long, 0.5-0.8 mm wide, narrowly ellipsoid, yellow, poricidal at the tips, the pores lengthening to slits with age and drying, the connective becoming darker brown with age in dry plants. Ovary globose, glabrous; style 3.7-4.5 mm long, straight, exserted beyond the anther cone, densely pubescent with 2-3-celled simple uniseriate trichomes in the lower half where it is included in the anther cone, exserted up to 1.5 mm beyond the anther cone; stigma capitate, minutely papillate, green in live plants. Fruit a globose berry, 0.4-0.9 cm in diameter, dull purplish black at maturity, the pericarp thin, matte and somewhat glaucous, opaque, glabrous; fruiting pedicels 0.6-1.3 cm long, (0.4)0.8-1.4 mm in diameter at the base, 1-2 mm in diameter at the apex, deflexed and slightly curving, not persistent, but the downwards pointing peduncle often persistent on older stems; fruiting calyx not accrescent, the tube less than 1 mm long, the lobes 1-1.5 mm long, appressed against the berry. Seeds (13-)20-35(-50) per berry, 1.2-1.4 mm long, 1-1.2 mm wide, flattened and teardrop shaped with a subapical hilum, pale yellow, the surfaces minutely pitted, the testal cells pentagonal in outline. Stone cells absent. Chromosome number:
|
||
<emphasis id="1BD1A477A6325164F468A6F874FC4B0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2n</emphasis>
|
||
= 24 (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B99B6D6B6899275D17C78D877E4C938C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" author="Saerkinen, T" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 223" refId="B209" refString="Saerkinen, T, Poczai, P, Barboza, GE, van der Weerden, GM, Baden, M, Knapp, S, 2018. A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 106: 1 - 223, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" title="A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" volume="106" year="2018">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A427CCDD463BC22B43023DF9106792EA" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="EE15D485D9B152B1B7DC2F77C46A0526" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897497" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 36" startId="F36">
|
||
<paragraph id="79383FC21AFDB16DD087B2EB7B87036A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="950A7CA307CD980B3B66509E7C02893A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 36.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="248240ADE00109687AB7EA74FA757F1B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C990F4CFC0E55451A7C563266DDAB3E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="E6183CFFB35E1EF01A575D8FCFDFB776" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
habit
|
||
<emphasis id="83562BE191A5726598833C2FF4E9A1D3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
buds
|
||
<emphasis id="78993A3213750B672D9E63BBB271082F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
flowers at full anthesis
|
||
<emphasis id="26F74AD14153855D2902F0C0519856D4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
fully mature dull black fruits with appressed calyx lobes (
|
||
<emphasis id="25088BBB6E429513EC9EB699E453AAC8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-D</emphasis>
|
||
Nijmegen acc. # A14750051). Photos by S. Knapp and G. van der Weerden. Previously published in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F9B88716BE3AFD175E67F65F9A06DAD0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" author="Saerkinen, T" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 223" refId="B209" refString="Saerkinen, T, Poczai, P, Barboza, GE, van der Weerden, GM, Baden, M, Knapp, S, 2018. A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 106: 1 - 223, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" title="A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" volume="106" year="2018">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="592108209A4A1C46E2132505732D5ED5" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 68) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD63122D80DA5CA22486BE70D4F5C110" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" author="Knapp, S" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 174" refId="B136" refString="Knapp, S, Barboza, GE, Bohs, L, Saerkinen, T, 2019. A revision of the Morelloid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in the Caribbean and North and Central America. PhytoKeys 123: 1 - 174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" title="A revision of the Morelloid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in the Caribbean and North and Central America." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" volume="123" year="2019">Knapp et al. (2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 47).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0D7B18C755495CC34448440D1A07A119" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="306BFB4EFF7FD1A9010584ADDBB97C51" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A083B6B5F23F80268573C10BB040A513" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="75FE5515D48C59D9F724F013BA1FE6E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5199366AB4722C9D112D1C2BE9CD28BF" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Distribution map of Solanum chenopodioides in South America. For distribution elsewhere see Saerkinen et al. (2018: 70) and Knapp et al. (2019: 50)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897498" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">37</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D97E68EB7B073694C7016834989F69E7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A3898EC2C4EF4184825B97A46228401" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is native to southern South America, and has been introduced globally, largely with the wool trade. In South America it is known from the littoral of Argentina (Provs. Buenos Aires, Chaco,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B49B0DA58533F1BE97B62DC1C91E5017" originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6058BE3AE89192AE84DD839D76589AA4" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Negro, Salta, San Luis, Santa
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A635F3A529F7E8EA059C0D30569820E9" originalValue="Fé">Fe</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="18C8A16709424383A38717A82DDCB127" originalValue="Tucumán">Tucuman</normalizedToken>
|
||
), southern Brazil (Provs. Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="35D888135954C0C3460AD67F60A76369" originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Rio Grande do Sul,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8846B9BA6B71B483A5F90D3C5CAF3227" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo and Santa Catarina), Paraguay (Depts. Amambay,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="283CAE4C189A8306B6CD7D1BA9F165D0" originalValue="Canindeyú">Canindeyu</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B9CEEF01979A8AB6CD513CE1D38D71BD" originalValue="Itapúa">Itapua</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Presidente Hayes) and Uruguay (Colonia, Florida, Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, San
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3349700EB9A7E15CC8A9F54136D96F55" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C5ED8847BAC7DBCC6804188A4E937A57" originalValue="Tacuarembó">Tacuarembo</normalizedToken>
|
||
) with sporadic occurrences elsewhere, where it may be introduced.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="F87DF1BBC66A371FBD75A704BF0CCC5F" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897498" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 37" startId="F37">
|
||
<paragraph id="D72DF302A8C8D64FDEF6B3F625301FD5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="057A4248B3FE7091D3A516D29F00E888" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 37.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BBAFDE08914CFAEAFF4B404C5228221F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6881D0B62D1E40498F16C7895C3C3D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in South America. For distribution elsewhere see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7A097162C475799F86C4D2FE62AC7F5A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" author="Saerkinen, T" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 223" refId="B209" refString="Saerkinen, T, Poczai, P, Barboza, GE, van der Weerden, GM, Baden, M, Knapp, S, 2018. A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 106: 1 - 223, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" title="A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" volume="106" year="2018">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="3CCB16798E5D9108446090943F1BCF9E" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 70) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EDA00A54E0EF3452B54B78D1B0F888C6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" author="Knapp, S" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 174" refId="B136" refString="Knapp, S, Barboza, GE, Bohs, L, Saerkinen, T, 2019. A revision of the Morelloid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in the Caribbean and North and Central America. PhytoKeys 123: 1 - 174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" title="A revision of the Morelloid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in the Caribbean and North and Central America." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" volume="123" year="2019">Knapp et al. (2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 50).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7B97D3C787DA77749F0E4E3D48D3BB83" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="97BBBF02700E71D5EA24B42DBC535D5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="86BBC839697AD68B818F556A4CF42384" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="596E7CD56F133FD190A00B8DA2FB14D6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="2B3BEAEA64E084E5D9EB07F7B041FD86" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a weedy species, growing in disturbed areas in many different vegetation types, close to urban areas and human-altered habitats; from 0 and 2,400 m elevation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="46EE6D4FACD7B80ED2654B3B96639F38" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
|
||
<paragraph id="F5F4EB4505944138C867A7B604631B21" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2A28E2DABB7B53E478B35C8166468721" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Argentina. Buenos Aires:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="06FBCC927397CC5C9B1D0A13401CB5D0" originalValue="kushú-kushú">kushu-kushu</normalizedToken>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3834025B787B347294B9D71B1B87940B" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. sublobatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sublobatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="A5CCAFA0361A302CFFBBCB31F6732A3B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. sublobatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="12FC412B7BC3847FCB9AE4ABE67FD269" DOI="https://doi.org/10.30972/etn.0122361" author="Martinez Crovetto, R" journalOrPublisher="Etnobiologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 24" refId="B155" refString="Martinez Crovetto, R, 1968. Estudios etnobotanicos III. Nombres de plantas y su utilidad, segun los indios araucano-pampas del Oeste de Buenos Aires (Republica Argentina). Etnobiologica 12: 1 - 24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30972/etn.0122361" title="Estudios etnobotanicos III. Nombres de plantas y su utilidad, segun los indios araucano-pampas del Oeste de Buenos Aires (Republica Argentina)." url="https://doi.org/10.30972/etn.0122361" volume="12" year="1968">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EB76C8DBA88B2BFA3361F8C6FF1CE5CA" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||
Crovetto 1968
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), yerba mora (
|
||
<emphasis id="A16D780C21CD87087120DC04D0A6E4CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Robles et al. 1869</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<normalizedToken id="162E9DF2464D7C082D84AC413DC55EB8" originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
|
||
: yerba mora (
|
||
<emphasis id="62C7507B093290B45E900B8BF112F8F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C747AA36AB4EB84178F65130BDEE502E" originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 308
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); Salta:
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6E7E27CC5CC180810265874D04AF0ABA" originalValue="iój">ioj</normalizedToken>
|
||
s(l) I s(l) I (Vilela, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D34FB54FC408A2552DF28AAF228917D" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. gracile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gracile">
|
||
<emphasis id="C2231A0A4AC10539C3AFBA8D8B35C11D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. gracile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9497CADE7CA632DFE0FDC0D42ECF1093" DOI="https://doi.org/10.30972/bon.21-41531" author="Martinez Crovetto, R" journalOrPublisher="Bonplandia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 28" refId="B154" refString="Martinez Crovetto, R, 1965. Estudios etnobotanicos II. Nombres de plantas y su utilidad, segun los indios Vilelas del Chaco. Bonplandia 2 (1): 1 - 28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30972/bon.21-41531" title="Estudios etnobotanicos II. Nombres de plantas y su utilidad, segun los indios Vilelas del Chaco." url="https://doi.org/10.30972/bon.21-41531" volume="2" year="1965">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="662BAE8FF2E336E9691548839D0BB5AE" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||
Crovetto 1965
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Uruguay. Montevideo: yerba mora (
|
||
<emphasis id="E4586D8CF0A94F9A7476A8DB3351E432" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Barattini s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F97D7C53C207AA094BC4F334FFB6803" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="11DAE0F7E2CAF42F9816A31150114CF7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considered to be toxic for cattle due to the high solanidine content of unripe fruits (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CEFA584645F8EA95218DAC4A4DC5965D" author="Marzocca, A" journalOrPublisher="Miscelanea - Fundacion Miguel Lillo" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B157" refString="Marzocca, A, 1994. Guia Descriptiva de Malezas del Cono Sur. INTA, Buenos Aires." title="Guia Descriptiva de Malezas del Cono Sur. INTA, Buenos Aires." year="1994">Marzocca 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but as fruits ripen the alkaloid content decreases and fruits are apparently eaten without effect (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7CC6B0CB6596FA8EDE2A5BDC39A29DCE" author="Gallo, GG" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B93" refString="Gallo, GG, 1987. Plantas toxicas para el ganado en el Cono Sur de America (2nd edn.). Editiones Hemisferio Sur S.A., Buenos Aires." title="Plantas toxicas para el ganado en el Cono Sur de America (2 nd edn.). Editiones Hemisferio Sur S. A., Buenos Aires." year="1987">Gallo 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In Argentina, fruits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4DE68F8A37744C1193DAC2B80087F746" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="4BFCEC3340B913B5399D31C847807272" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are eaten by children of the Araucarian peoples (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E3A3B7F21EE3023C1B68A83F89E50498" DOI="https://doi.org/10.30972/etn.0122361" author="Martinez Crovetto, R" journalOrPublisher="Etnobiologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 24" refId="B155" refString="Martinez Crovetto, R, 1968. Estudios etnobotanicos III. Nombres de plantas y su utilidad, segun los indios araucano-pampas del Oeste de Buenos Aires (Republica Argentina). Etnobiologica 12: 1 - 24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30972/etn.0122361" title="Estudios etnobotanicos III. Nombres de plantas y su utilidad, segun los indios araucano-pampas del Oeste de Buenos Aires (Republica Argentina)." url="https://doi.org/10.30972/etn.0122361" volume="12" year="1968">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D25EF969775570752FA539E549F3DF2D" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||
Crovetto 1968
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the Vilela people use them as a purple dye (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1BDD9F83A0510FE2F6C42D02B38DFD04" DOI="https://doi.org/10.30972/bon.21-41531" author="Martinez Crovetto, R" journalOrPublisher="Bonplandia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 28" refId="B154" refString="Martinez Crovetto, R, 1965. Estudios etnobotanicos II. Nombres de plantas y su utilidad, segun los indios Vilelas del Chaco. Bonplandia 2 (1): 1 - 28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30972/bon.21-41531" title="Estudios etnobotanicos II. Nombres de plantas y su utilidad, segun los indios Vilelas del Chaco." url="https://doi.org/10.30972/bon.21-41531" volume="2" year="1965">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="620AA10497F2DB31E9BE236E06BDD9B7" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||
Crovetto 1965
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="80653745DAF4AF70AE919057266FD338" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph id="309B3FC05532613EE06691BC578115C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A197056CC5DD69630EBCC14C57587E8B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="FE0CB616876461E1CDAC4123C89BDE24" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7B02280F489391578F4CAC6ED0C75D4F" author="Ibarrola, DA" journalOrPublisher="Nueva Serie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" refId="B116" refString="2022. . https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" url="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" year="2022">IUCN 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Least Concern [LC]. Worldwide distribution: EOO = 95,008,211 km2 [LC]; AOO = 1,560 km2 [LC].
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7507EA7DCC9ECA43B9A4CD996E8B2F0E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="BE5638035441546BE02884274955E253" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a widespread weed of disturbed areas (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="56313DE16ADEC005DF9ED511515DCF22" author="Barboza, GE" editor="Anton, AM" journalOrPublisher=") Flora Argentina (Vol. 13), Solanaceae. IOBDA- IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires & Cordoba, Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="231 - 264" refId="B10" refString="Barboza, GE, Knapp, S, Saerkinen, T, 2013. Grupo VII. Moreloide. In: Anton, AM, Zuloaga, FO, Eds., Barboza GE (Coord.) Flora Argentina (Vol. 13), Solanaceae. IOBDA- IMBIV, CONICET: Buenos Aires & Cordoba, Argentina: 231 - 264" title="Grupo VII. Moreloide." volumeTitle="Barboza GE (Coord." year="2013">Barboza et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2D49B9ACDAF3C0A982DDAAB8EA2FC2CE" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" author="Saerkinen, T" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 223" refId="B209" refString="Saerkinen, T, Poczai, P, Barboza, GE, van der Weerden, GM, Baden, M, Knapp, S, 2018. A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 106: 1 - 223, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" title="A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" volume="106" year="2018">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D14825CA33CF3F5DDD6937C0CC4340BB" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CC7020698FFD1927B9EA378CF73FC353" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" author="Knapp, S" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 174" refId="B136" refString="Knapp, S, Barboza, GE, Bohs, L, Saerkinen, T, 2019. A revision of the Morelloid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in the Caribbean and North and Central America. PhytoKeys 123: 1 - 174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" title="A revision of the Morelloid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in the Caribbean and North and Central America." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" volume="123" year="2019">Knapp et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and is widely introduced outside of and very common within its native range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="928832E3DEE9408AC0B2422D97913FA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D427AA6B7AAC6638E3CBDB70F222509E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D2397C826A6962BCD5CA5094E678BC2A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="687C30CFD0342E4B406465498F13DACD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFA2D3128F6F8C5D72362C4B20BC6AD4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a weedy, ruderal species occurring in open disturbed areas throughout its range. It is somewhat similar morphologically to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="940F09B05ED8F4D0BB1F918D1105295E" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. pilcomayense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pilcomayense">
|
||
<emphasis id="FD3B60478E4526631BE4C430129F399F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. pilcomayense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with which it is sympatric in Argentina, but differs in its elliptic leaves with acute to attenuate bases (versus triangular leaves with truncate to hastate bases), smaller anthers (2-2.8 mm long versus 3-4 mm long), and deltate or triangular versus spathulate calyx lobes. The fruiting peduncle of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7BDB2401C13D38EE9218F2915FA85E9" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="E03BA945D839EC3BF7B4E237E3142F82" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
bends downwards at the base so it is held at an angle of ca. 45-degree with respect to the stem (see Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="C455BC38A20636B65983565524998C5A" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Solanum chenopodioides A habit B detail of adaxial leaf surface C detail of abaxial leaf surface D opening bud E dissected flower F fruiting branch G detail of infructescence H maturing fruit I fully mature fruit (A-E Fox s. n. F-I Hieronymus s. n.). Illustration by R. Wise. Previously published in Barboza et al. (2013: 242), Saerkinen et al. (2018: 67) and Knapp et al. (2019: 46)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897496" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">35G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="4D236033467313EA549F0B97B9D1B2B3" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Solanum chenopodioides A habit B buds C flowers at full anthesis D fully mature dull black fruits with appressed calyx lobes (A-D Nijmegen acc. # A 14750051). Photos by S. Knapp and G. van der Weerden. Previously published in Saerkinen et al. (2018: 68) and Knapp et al. (2019: 47)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.231.100894.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/897497" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">36D</figureCitation>
|
||
), but this character is not always obvious in herbarium specimens. Anthers in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B378258516F8B4380C1F7D22C1F92611" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="645E2E42B39804EBF398A8ECECDA8640" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are always much longer (2-2.8 mm) than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66300EA3BE896B3409E11B08C7DC22AE" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B0C4C2A8510693F65C2FFCF6EFC924" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(0.8-1.5 mm), and the berries are matte (versus shiny) in texture and always lack stone cells (versus often with 2-4 stone cells per berry in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="412F47562E73D563CC38A98BB3ECBAC4" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. americanum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="americanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="284CCE76B406812CC6C30E05618FF769" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. americanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="88388924608D7E3CF38BE1BDDED3F6F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Typification details for the synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="676377E9B66E79D6B7B143011DF73084" family="Solanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. chenopodioides" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chenopodioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="E5C2CF0EBA188B0AF28025870C2855A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. chenopodioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and a more comprehensive discussion of its worldwide distribution as a weed of wool waste used in agriculture can be found in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="648792CA21EC9FD3F48BB5C15865326F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" author="Saerkinen, T" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 223" refId="B209" refString="Saerkinen, T, Poczai, P, Barboza, GE, van der Weerden, GM, Baden, M, Knapp, S, 2018. A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae). PhytoKeys 106: 1 - 223, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" title="A revision of the Old World black nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991" volume="106" year="2018">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1516139E1344CB34EBF20950D043EBE7" originalValue="Särkinen">Saerkinen</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="28979A1244DEF8A75452F0E7B81EF437" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" author="Knapp, S" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 174" refId="B136" refString="Knapp, S, Barboza, GE, Bohs, L, Saerkinen, T, 2019. A revision of the Morelloid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in the Caribbean and North and Central America. PhytoKeys 123: 1 - 174, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" title="A revision of the Morelloid Clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae) in the Caribbean and North and Central America." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.123.31738" volume="123" year="2019">Knapp et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |