278 lines
40 KiB
XML
278 lines
40 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="67B3D13EE7AB1D7E758BF1E313079CF1">Dendrochirotid holothurians (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida) including four new species, from off Misaki, Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7F711D531BDE6674F129833FE10F0ED1">Yamana, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6E762095AF3E617473F26A8DB3F5D093">Kohtsuka, Hisanori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="43C252CC2D5058EFE4090E168AF31E94">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="6D72879EFFA20C73D7A2F8D3E0D288E5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5951758" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148691383" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5951758" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A2857073-7516-4B62-8133-F45B8E897840" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6D72879EFFA20C73D7A2F8D3E0D288E5" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="432" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">
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<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFA20C72D7A2F8D3E24C8823" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E5643688FFA20C72D7A2F8D3E2068841" blockId="2.[151,623,1815,1911]" box="[151,549,1815,1841]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">
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<heading id="BE2C81E4FFA20C72D7A2F8D3E2068841" bold="true" box="[151,549,1815,1841]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA20C72D7A2F8D3E2068841" bold="true" box="[151,549,1815,1841]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">
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<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFA20C72D7A2F8D3E1E38841" ID-CoL="46FF8" authority="Yamana & Kohtsuka, 2018" authorityName="Yamana & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,448,1815,1841]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Neocucumis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="misakiensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA20C72D7A2F8D3E1E38841" bold="true" box="[151,448,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Neocucumis misakiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="CC9C57E1FFA20C72D6F2F8D3E2068841" box="[455,549,1815,1841]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E5643688FFA20C72D7A2F8FFE24C8823" blockId="2.[151,623,1815,1911]" box="[151,623,1850,1875]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">[New Japanese name: Kiiro-gumimodoki]</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFA20C72D7A2F89AE1A08807" box="[151,387,1886,1911]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E5643688FFA20C72D7A2F89AE1A08807" blockId="2.[151,623,1815,1911]" box="[151,387,1886,1911]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">
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(
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<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFA20C72D7AAF89AE0D98807" box="[159,250,1886,1911]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[199,1397,199,1836]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[193,1400,195,1838]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lateral views of the specimens, dorsal upper, anterior left. A, Amphicyclus japonicus Bell, 1884, (a) WMNH-INV- 2015-13, (b) -2015-14, (c) -2015-311, (d) -2015-312; B, Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov., (e) WMNH-INV-2016-208, (f) - 2016-209; C, Pseudocolochirus misakiensis sp. nov., (g) WMNH-INV-2015-348, (h) -2015-349, (i) -2015-350; D, Hemiocnus tegulatus (Augustin, 1908) comb. nov., (j) WMNH-INV-2015-378, (k) -2015-379; E, Lipotrapeza purpurata sp. nov., (l) WMNH-INV-2015-38, (m) -2015-39, (n) -2015-40; F, Pentamera misakiensis sp. nov., (o) WMNH-INV-2015-34, (p) -2015- 35, (q) -2015-36; G, Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov., (r) WMNH-INV-2015-9, (s) -2015-10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457429/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Figs 1B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFA20C72D633F89BE10A8807" box="[262,297,1887,1911]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[240,1366,199,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[212,1376,193,1795]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Elements of calcareous rings, viewed from body cavity, anterior upper. A, Amphicyclus japonicus Bell, 1884 (WMNH-INV-2015-14); B, Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2016-208); C, Pseudocolochirus misakiensis sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-350); D, Hemiocnus tegulatus (Augustin, 1908) comb. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-379); E, Lipotrapeza purpurata sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-39); Pentamera misakiensis sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-34); Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-9). Abbreviations: ld, left-dorsal part; lv, left-ventral part; md, mid-dorsal part; mv, mid-ventral part; rd, right-dorsal part; rv, right-ventral part; -ir, inter radial element; -r, radial element." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457431/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">2B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFA20C72D600F89BE1598807" box="[309,378,1887,1911]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[181,1416,196,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1418,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM image of ossicles of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov. (A–H, WMNH-INV-2016-208). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, ventrolateral anal papilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457437/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">4A–H</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFA20C73D7A2F862E36B8E14" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="432" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E5643688FFA20C72D7A2F862E5BF8893" blockId="2.[151,1437,1958,2019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">
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<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA20C72D7A2F862E1A088CF" bold="true" box="[151,387,1958,1983]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA20C72D6B8F862E1D788CE" box="[397,500,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Holotype</emphasis>
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, WMNH-INV-2016-208 (St. 4,
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<date id="91651048FFA20C72D45CF863E41F88CF" box="[873,1084,1958,1983]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" value="2015-11-01">1 November 2015</date>
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, length
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA20C72D3AEF863E4CC88CE" box="[1179,1263,1959,1983]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA20C72D27DF862E5B388CF" box="[1352,1424,1958,1983]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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).
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<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA20C72D7A2F80FE12A8892" box="[151,265,1995,2018]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="431">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: WMNH-INV-
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<date id="91651048FFA20C72D68CF80EE2318893" box="[441,530,1994,2019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" value="2015" valueMax="2032">2015-32</date>
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(St. 1,
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<date id="91651048FFA20C72D550F80EE33F8893" box="[613,796,1994,2019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" value="2014-08-26">26 August 2014</date>
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, length
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA20C72D440F80FE3E58892" box="[885,966,1995,2019]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" unit="mm" value="19.0">19 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA20C72D32CF80FE47C8893" box="[1049,1119,1995,2019]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
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); WMNH-INV-
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<date id="91651048FFA20C72D223F80EE54D8893" box="[1302,1390,1994,2019]" pageId="2" pageNumber="431" value="2015" valueMax="2033">2015-33</date>
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(St.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E5643688FFA30C73D7A2FF5CE4528FA4" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
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1,
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<date id="91651048FFA30C73D781FF53E1498FC0" box="[180,362,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" value="2014-08-26">26 August 2014</date>
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, length
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D6F1FF5CE2368FDF" box="[452,533,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="19.0">19 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D55CFF5CE28D8FC0" box="[617,686,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
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); WMNH-INV-2016-209 (St. 4,
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<date id="91651048FFA30C73D32AFF5CE4CE8FC0" box="[1055,1261,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" value="2015-11-01">1 November 2015</date>
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, length
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D273FF5CE5BB8FDF" box="[1350,1432,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D7E8FF78E1008FA4" box="[221,291,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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); WMNH-INV-2016-214 (St. 1,
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<date id="91651048FFA30C73D5A5FF78E3078FA5" box="[656,804,188,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" value="2016-07-25">25 July 2016</date>
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, length
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D449FF78E3EE8FA4" box="[892,973,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D315FF78E4478FA4" box="[1056,1124,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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).
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E5643688FFA30C73D7F2FF24E36B8E14" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
|
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<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA30C73D7F2FF24E14C8F88" box="[199,367,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Other material</emphasis>
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||
: 5 specimens, WMNH-INV-
|
||
<date id="91651048FFA30C73D589FF1BE3358F88" box="[700,790,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" value="2015" valueMax="2027">2015-27</date>
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–31 (St. 1,
|
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<date id="91651048FFA30C73D4A4FF1BE46B8F88" box="[913,1096,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" value="2014-08-26">26 August 2014</date>
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, length
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D397FF1BE53D8F87" box="[1186,1310,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="12.0">12–16 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D247FF1BE0E48E6C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 mm</quantity>
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); 1 specimen, WMNH-INV-2016-210 (St. 4,
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||
<date id="91651048FFA30C73D5E4FEC0E3808E6D" box="[721,931,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" value="2015-11-01">1 November 2015</date>
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, length
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D335FEC0E4778E6C" box="[1024,1108,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D39EFEC0E4D08E6C" box="[1195,1267,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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); 3 specimens, WMNH-INV-2016-211–213 (St. 1,
|
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<date id="91651048FFA30C73D51BFEE3E2E58E30" box="[558,710,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" value="2016-07-25">25 July 2016</date>
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, length
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D417FEE3E3BC8E4F" box="[802,927,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="15.0">15–16 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D4C0FEE3E47B8E30" box="[1013,1112,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
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); 1 specimen, WMNH-INV-
|
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<date id="91651048FFA30C73D7A2FE88E0D68E14" box="[151,245,332,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" value="2017" valueMax="2037">2017-37</date>
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(St. 1,
|
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<date id="91651048FFA30C73D670FE88E1D88E14" box="[325,507,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" value="2014-08-26">26 August 2014</date>
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, length
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D566FE88E2878E14" box="[595,676,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
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, width
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<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D5C2FE88E31F8E14" box="[759,828,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFA30C73D7F2FEABE42D8AB0" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFA30C73D7F2FEABE1B78DBD" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA30C73D7F2FEABE17A8EF8" bold="true" box="[199,345,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body fusiform, with both ends tapered and turned upwards (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFA30C73D33EFEABE4428EF8" box="[1035,1121,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1855,1877]" captionTargetBox="[199,1397,199,1836]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[193,1400,195,1838]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lateral views of the specimens, dorsal upper, anterior left. A, Amphicyclus japonicus Bell, 1884, (a) WMNH-INV- 2015-13, (b) -2015-14, (c) -2015-311, (d) -2015-312; B, Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov., (e) WMNH-INV-2016-208, (f) - 2016-209; C, Pseudocolochirus misakiensis sp. nov., (g) WMNH-INV-2015-348, (h) -2015-349, (i) -2015-350; D, Hemiocnus tegulatus (Augustin, 1908) comb. nov., (j) WMNH-INV-2015-378, (k) -2015-379; E, Lipotrapeza purpurata sp. nov., (l) WMNH-INV-2015-38, (m) -2015-39, (n) -2015-40; F, Pentamera misakiensis sp. nov., (o) WMNH-INV-2015-34, (p) -2015- 35, (q) -2015-36; G, Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov., (r) WMNH-INV-2015-9, (s) -2015-10." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457429/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
), posteriorly more so; body wall thin, mostly soft, rarely hard. Anus terminal on narrow posterior end. Skin, tentacles, pedicels, and introvert yellow or pale yellow (live coloration) but fading upon preservation. Some specimens extremely swollen, transparent. Tentacles 20, arranged in double circles (10 + 10), five pairs of large interradial tentacles in outer circle and five pairs of smaller radial tentacles in inner circle. Numerous thin, short villi-like projections surrounding oral opening. Five brownish spots in peri-oral skin, adjacent to base of radial tentacles. In addition small brownish spots sometimes occur on tentacles. Pedicels non-retractile or partially retractile, in two rows along each radius throughout body length, each row with approximately 25–45 pedicels, the latter becoming gradually smaller anteriorly and posteriorly, sparse and small on introvert, usually less than
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D4D3FD54E4028DD8" box="[998,1057,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
|
||
each row. Five anal papillae and five anal teeth in radii.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFA30C73D7F2FD13E1218CD5" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
|
||
Radial and interradial elements of calcareous ring solid, unfragmented (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFA30C73D4CBFD13E47B8D80" box="[1022,1112,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1810,1832]" captionTargetBox="[240,1366,199,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[212,1376,193,1795]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Elements of calcareous rings, viewed from body cavity, anterior upper. A, Amphicyclus japonicus Bell, 1884 (WMNH-INV-2015-14); B, Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2016-208); C, Pseudocolochirus misakiensis sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-350); D, Hemiocnus tegulatus (Augustin, 1908) comb. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-379); E, Lipotrapeza purpurata sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-39); Pentamera misakiensis sp. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-34); Pseudoplacothuria ohshimai (Liao, 1997) gen. nov., comb. nov. (WMNH-INV-2015-9). Abbreviations: ld, left-dorsal part; lv, left-ventral part; md, mid-dorsal part; mv, mid-ventral part; rd, right-dorsal part; rv, right-ventral part; -ir, inter radial element; -r, radial element." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457431/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
), with posterior bifurcations (prolongations), those of the radial plates longer; central part of radials slightly constricted but that of the interradials slightly expanded. Radial plates in addition with anterior bifurcations, each bifurcation bearing an anterior notch. Interradial plates sharply pointed anteriorly. One long Polian vesicle and one thin stone canal. Gonad in mid-body, in two clumps, one on each side of dorsal mesentery, sometimes tubules with one or two branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFA30C73D7F2FC74E1E28B0C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
|
||
In body wall, table ossicles abundant (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFA30C73D5B6FC6BE2D98CB8" box="[643,762,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[181,1416,196,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1418,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM image of ossicles of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov. (A–H, WMNH-INV-2016-208). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, ventrolateral anal papilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457437/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Fig. 4F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFA30C73D432FC6BE37D8CB8" box="[775,862,943,968]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from three specimens of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov." pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
), with distorted oval or rhomboidal disc and high spire, mostly with one pillar formed by fusion of two (very rarely, two pillared tables with one cross-beam also present); spire with 2–6 minute processes present in middle to upper part. Table disc with 3–12 perforations, most frequently 8, four large central ones and four smaller marginal ones. Anal papilla with small and irregular supporting plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFA30C73D652FBFBE1E28B28" box="[359,449,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[181,1416,196,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1418,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM image of ossicles of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov. (A–H, WMNH-INV-2016-208). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, ventrolateral anal papilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457437/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFA30C73D6F8FBFBE2008B28" box="[461,547,1087,1112]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from three specimens of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov." pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). Skin around anus with tables, relatively small and simple. Peri-oral skin with rosettes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFA30C73D7C9FBA0E1708B0C" box="[252,339,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[181,1416,196,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1418,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM image of ossicles of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov. (A–H, WMNH-INV-2016-208). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, ventrolateral anal papilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457437/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFA30C73D66AFBA0E1978B0C" box="[351,436,1124,1149]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from three specimens of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov." pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFA30C73D7F2FB43E1828A40" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
|
||
Ossicles of tentacles comprise plates and rosettes, varying in size and shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFA30C73D32BFB43E4548BD0" box="[1054,1143,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[181,1416,196,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1418,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM image of ossicles of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov. (A–H, WMNH-INV-2016-208). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, ventrolateral anal papilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457437/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFA30C73D3B7FB43E4F48BD0" box="[1154,1239,1159,1184]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from three specimens of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov." pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). Pharyngeal villi contain rosettes, long thin rods, and narrow plates (or swollen rods), with distal and often central perforations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFA30C73D25AFB68E0998B98" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[181,1416,196,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1418,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM image of ossicles of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov. (A–H, WMNH-INV-2016-208). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, ventrolateral anal papilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457437/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFA30C73D7F2FB0BE13C8B98" box="[199,287,1231,1256]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from three specimens of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov." pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). Introvert with only tables (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFA30C73D552FB0BE2E08B98" box="[615,707,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[181,1416,196,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1418,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM image of ossicles of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov. (A–H, WMNH-INV-2016-208). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, ventrolateral anal papilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457437/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFA30C73D5E5FB0BE3048B98" box="[720,807,1231,1256]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from three specimens of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov." pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
), with oval disc and high two-pillared spire, the pillars joined distally and ending in 4–8 minute processes. Such tables sometimes occur also in basal part of tentacles. Gonad lacking ossicles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFA30C73D7F2FAF9E42D8AB0" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
|
||
Most pedicels with endplate and supporting tables (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFA30C73D42DFAF8E3538A24" box="[792,880,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[181,1416,196,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1418,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM image of ossicles of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov. (A–H, WMNH-INV-2016-208). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, ventrolateral anal papilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457437/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFA30C73D448FAF8E3F68A24" box="[893,981,1340,1365]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from three specimens of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov." pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). Supporting tables with narrow curved disc with 2–4 large central perforations and 1–5 small distal perforations; spire high, with two pillars united distally, ending in 2–4 minute processes, sometimes 2–4 minute processes also present in middle of spire (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DE02A0DFFA30C73D20DFA40E5AC8AEC" box="[1336,1423,1412,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[181,1416,196,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1418,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM image of ossicles of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov. (A–H, WMNH-INV-2016-208). A, ossicles of the ventrolateral tentacle; B, the ventrolateral skin of peri-oral; C, the ventrolateral skin of pharynx; D, the ventrolateral skin of introvert; E the pedicel of the abdominal side; F and G, the middle part of the body wall on the abdominal side, and on the dorsal side, respectively; H, ventrolateral anal papilla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457437/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
); unusual supporting plates occasionally present in distal tip of pedicel (
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8590333FFA30C73D49CFA63E4228AB0" box="[937,1025,1447,1472]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements (µm) of ossicles from three specimens of Neocucumis misakiensis sp. nov." pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFA30C73D7F2FA08E4278875" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFA30C73D7F2FA08E4278875" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA30C73D7F2FA08E1188A95" bold="true" box="[199,315,1484,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species has 20 tentacles, a peculiar calcareous ring, pedicels arranged in double rows, and table ossicles in the body wall. This combination of features is typical of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFA30C73D303FA34E5BA8978" authority="Deichmann, 1944" authorityName="Deichmann" authorityYear="1944" box="[1078,1433,1519,1544]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Neocucumis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA30C73D303FA34E49C8977" box="[1078,1215,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Neocucumis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFA30C73D3FFFA2BE5BA8978" box="[1226,1433,1519,1544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" refId="ref10648" refString="Deichmann, E. (1944) Urodemas bifurcatum, a new Holothurian from South Africa, with a Revision of the Genus Urodemas Selenka. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 11, XI, 731 - 737. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934408527470" type="book chapter">Deichmann, 1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. which is represented by two nominal species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9DCC7618FFA30C73D5E5F9D1E330895C" box="[720,787,1557,1580]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFA30C73D428F9D1E4AF895D" authority="(Ohshima, 1915)" authorityName="Ohshima" authorityYear="1915" baseAuthorityName="Ohshima" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[797,1164,1556,1581]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Neocucumis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sagamiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA30C73D428F9D1E3E4895C" box="[797,967,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">N. sagamiensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFA30C73D4E3F9D0E4A7895D" box="[982,1156,1556,1581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" refId="ref11641" refString="Ohshima, H. (1915) Report on the holothurians collected by the United States Fisheries Steamer " ALBATROSS " in the Northwestern Pacific during the summer of 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 48, 213 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.48 - 2073.213" type="journal article">Ohshima, 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at 369 fathoms (
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA30C73D27CF9D1E549895C" box="[1353,1386,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D247F9D0E08D8920" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="m" value="675.0">675 m</quantity>
|
||
) in Sagami Bay and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFA30C73D6A3F9FDE2F38920" authority="(Ohshima, 1915)" authorityName="Ohshima" authorityYear="1915" baseAuthorityName="Ohshima" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[406,720,1591,1616]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Neocucumis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="watasei">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA30C73D6A3F9FDE22E893F" box="[406,525,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">N. watasei</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFA30C73D52EF9F3E2EB8920" box="[539,712,1591,1616]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" refId="ref11641" refString="Ohshima, H. (1915) Report on the holothurians collected by the United States Fisheries Steamer " ALBATROSS " in the Northwestern Pacific during the summer of 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 48, 213 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.48 - 2073.213" type="journal article">Ohshima, 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at 131 fathoms (
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA30C73D4B8F9FDE38C8920" box="[909,943,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D481F9FCE3DF8920" box="[948,1020,1592,1616]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="m" value="240.0">240 m</quantity>
|
||
) in Suruga Bay. However, both these species have a short calcareous ring which lack posterior bifurcations or prolongations of the radial plates (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFA30C73D7ABF9BBE16689E8" box="[158,325,1663,1688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" refId="ref11641" refString="Ohshima, H. (1915) Report on the holothurians collected by the United States Fisheries Steamer " ALBATROSS " in the Northwestern Pacific during the summer of 1906. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 48, 213 - 291. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.48 - 2073.213" type="journal article">Ohshima 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and have different
|
||
<typeStatus id="3A60882AFFA30C73D51DF945E27B89E9" box="[552,600,1665,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of table ossicles. Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFA30C73D4A7F945E57A89E8" authority="Heding & Panning, 1954" authorityName="Heding & Panning" authorityYear="1954" box="[914,1369,1663,1688]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Neocucumis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="doelahensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA30C73D4A7F945E41489E8" box="[914,1079,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">N. doelahensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFA30C73D30BF9BBE57A89E8" box="[1086,1369,1663,1688]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" refId="ref10776" refString="Heding, S. G. & Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13, 1 - 209." type="journal article">Heding & Panning, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from Kai Islands (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="814A4B79FFA30C73D61CF960E26589CD" box="[297,582,1700,1725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" refId="ref10776" refString="Heding, S. G. & Panning, A. (1954) Phyllophoridae. Spolia Zoologica Musei Hauniensis, 13, 1 - 209." type="journal article">Heding & Panning 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), has similar table ossicles and calcareous ring, its tentacle ossicles are Xshaped rods whereas the combination of the tentacle ossicles of the new species are simple plates and rosettes. The new species also differs significantly from other nominal species of the genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFA30C73D7F2F8CBE3E5883C" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFA30C73D7F2F8CBE3E5883C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA30C73D7F2F8CBE1438858" bold="true" box="[199,352,1807,1832]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
So far known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3A60882AFFA30C73D5F7F8D5E2D18859" box="[706,754,1809,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality: off Jyogashima Island, south coast of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="271FF86AFFA30C73D213F8D5E12E883D" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Kanagawa Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||
, sand bottom, 84.5–
|
||
<quantity id="22239B6DFFA30C73D6C5F8F0E216883C" box="[496,565,1844,1869]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" unit="m" value="106.0">106 m</quantity>
|
||
deep, Pacific Ocean, middle
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9DCC7618FFA30C73D44BF8F1E3E2883C" box="[894,961,1845,1868]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="ADC16503FFA30C73D7F2F893E0D288E5" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E5643688FFA30C73D7F2F893E0D288E5" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA30C73D7F2F893E16D8800" bold="true" box="[199,334,1879,1904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="22DB4D0BFFA30C73D502F89CE29B8800" authorityName="Yamana & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2018" box="[567,696,1880,1904]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Cucumariidae" genus="Neocucumis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="432" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="misakiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D7AFEA9AFFA30C73D502F89CE29B8800" box="[567,696,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">misakiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was derived from the name of peninsula Misaki, near the
|
||
<typeStatus id="3A60882AFFA30C73D25EF89DE5BF8801" box="[1387,1436,1881,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="432">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |