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<document id="A1EA8C364EF8D3CA7B0C29C6A2923107" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3750.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cfba21cd-2767-4e6c-bb62-7db6a118917f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="218984" ID-ZooBank="51C59B89-D7A1-4650-BDA0-D16F9E52E4EC" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460709806706" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tantawi, Tarek I. &amp; Sinclair, Bradley J." docDate="2013" docId="364687E33B795800609CB8DAFA35F8C3" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03750p250.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3750 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Chrysomya rufifacies Macquart 1844" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="244" masterDocId="CA7FFF9B3B7E5807600BBB51FFA0FFFE" masterDocTitle="An update of the blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of the Galápagos Islands, and first record of Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) from mainland Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="250" masterPageNumber="237" pageNumber="244" updateTime="1698357781551" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="C792924F2B00638D74C930B501AE4FC9">An update of the blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of the Galápagos Islands, and first record of Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) from mainland Ecuador</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2C22C4AAA061791B86F3CB146D5F9DBE">Tantawi, Tarek I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B19DD245CACC0BDA604A40285E24CC7F">Sinclair, Bradley J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="E5042B061542FBF785A6A40D660C1C2B">2013</mods:date>
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<treatment id="364687E33B795800609CB8DAFA35F8C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5672314" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119584784" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5672314" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:364687E33B795800609CB8DAFA35F8C3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/364687E33B795800609CB8DAFA35F8C3" lastPageNumber="244" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">
<subSubSection id="F6F5657E3B795800609CB8DAFDC0F9D5" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BE5036F53B795800609CB8DAFC11FC58" blockId="7.[151,945,907,934]" box="[151,945,907,934]" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">
<heading id="E51881993B795800609CB8DAFC11FC58" bold="true" box="[151,945,907,934]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" reason="1">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B795800609CB8DAFC11FC58" bold="true" box="[151,945,907,934]" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B795800609CB8DAFDDCFC58" ID-CoL="5Z23S" authority="Macquart, 1844" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,636,907,934]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufifacies">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B795800609CB8DAFE3BFC5B" bold="true" box="[151,411,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Chrysomya rufifacies</emphasis>
(Macquart, 1844)
</taxonomicName>
from mainland
<collectingCountry id="C6F876653B795800634DB8DDFC11FC58" box="[838,945,908,934]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE5036F53B795800609CB882FB73FB3D" blockId="7.[151,1437,978,1579]" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">
We record for the first time the presence of
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B7958006291B882FC2DFC15" box="[666,909,979,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufifacies">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B7958006291B882FC2DFC15" box="[666,909,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Chrysomya rufifacies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from mainland
<collectingCountry id="C6F876653B7958006442B883FB08FC15" box="[1097,1192,978,1003]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. Two females of this species were collected along with six specimens of
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B79580062EEB8A7FCD3FBF0" box="[741,883,1014,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albiceps">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B79580062EEB8A7FCD3FBF0" box="[741,883,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Ch. albiceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by S. &amp; J. Peck from Pichincha Province,
<quantity id="79179B103B795800656AB8A6FA3CFBF1" box="[1377,1436,1014,1039]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
west of Alóag,
<date id="CA5110353B795800614EBF4BFE52FBCD" box="[325,498,1050,1075]" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" value="1985-07-19" valueMax="1985-07-25" valueMin="1985-07-19">1925.vii.1985</date>
. The two
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B7958006268BF4AFD4EFBCD" box="[611,750,1051,1075]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufifacies">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B7958006268BF4AFD4EFBCD" box="[611,750,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">C. rufifacies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are deposited in the CNC and were only recently examined.
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B795800609CBF6FFE2AFBA9" box="[151,394,1086,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufifacies">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B795800609CBF6FFE2AFBA9" box="[151,394,1086,1111]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Chrysomya rufifacies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, an Oriental and Australasian blow fly, was first introduced into Central
<collectingCountry id="C6F876653B79580064D1BF6FFA9AFBA9" box="[1242,1338,1086,1111]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">America</collectingCountry>
in 1978 from where it has dispersed rapidly across North
<collectingCountry id="C6F876653B79580062CCBF33FC88FB85" box="[711,808,1122,1147]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">America</collectingCountry>
(Baumgartner 1993; Rosati &amp; VanLaerhoven 2007). In South
<collectingCountry id="C6F876653B79580060D5BFD7FEE1FB61" box="[222,321,1158,1183]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">America</collectingCountry>
, this species has been recorded from
<collectingCountry id="C6F876653B79580062D5BFD7FCEEFB61" box="[734,846,1158,1183]" name="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Argentina</collectingCountry>
in 1986/1987 (Mariluis &amp; Schnack 1989),
<collectingCountry id="C6F876653B7958006525BFD7FA3CFB61" box="[1326,1436,1158,1183]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Colombia</collectingCountry>
in 1991/1992 (Barreto
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B795800619CBFFAFE67FB3D" box="[407,455,1195,1219]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">et al</emphasis>
. 2002), and recently from
<collectingCountry id="C6F876653B79580062F8BFFBFC97FB3D" box="[755,823,1194,1219]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Brazil</collectingCountry>
in 2010 (Almeida Silva
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B7958006447BFFAFBDCFB3D" box="[1100,1148,1195,1219]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">et al</emphasis>
. 2012).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE5036F53B79580060CCBF9FFB4DFAD1" blockId="7.[151,1437,978,1579]" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B79580060CCBF9FFE17FB19" box="[199,439,1230,1255]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufifacies">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B79580060CCBF9FFE17FB19" box="[199,439,1230,1255]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Chrysomya rufifacies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily separated from its biological equivalent (James 1947),
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B79580064B7BF9FFAE8FB18" box="[1212,1352,1230,1254]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albiceps">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B79580064B7BF9FFAE8FB18" box="[1212,1352,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Ch. albiceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by the presence of a proepimeral seta on the thorax. This seta is absent in the latter species. The third instars of these species possess specific morphological differences (Tantawi &amp; Greenberg 1993; Wells
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B795800646EBE46FB36FAD0" box="[1125,1174,1302,1326]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">et al</emphasis>
. 1999).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE5036F53B79580060CCBE6AFDC0F9D5" blockId="7.[151,1437,978,1579]" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">
We provide a key to differentiate between adults of
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B7958006313BE6AFC12FAAD" box="[792,946,1339,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufifacies">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B7958006313BE6AFC12FAAD" box="[792,946,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Ch. rufifacies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B79580063E0BE6AFBCEFAAC" box="[1003,1134,1339,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="putoria">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B79580063E0BE6AFBCEFAAC" box="[1003,1134,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Ch. putoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for three main reasons: 1) the two species are the only Neotropical members in the genus
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B795800637BBE0FFC50FA88" box="[880,1008,1374,1398]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B795800637BBE0FFC50FA88" box="[880,1008,1374,1398]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Chrysomya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that possess a white anterior spiracle with a proepimeral seta (incorrectly termed proepisternal by Almeida Silva
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B7958006416BED2FBF4FA65" box="[1053,1108,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">et al</emphasis>
. 2012), 2) South American specimens of
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B795800613ABEF7FE6AFA41" box="[305,458,1446,1471]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufifacies">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B795800613ABEF7FE6AFA41" box="[305,458,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Ch. rufifacies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been previously misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B795800638BBEF7FBA1FA40" box="[896,1025,1446,1470]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="putoria">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B795800638BBEF7FBA1FA40" box="[896,1025,1446,1470]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Ch. putoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see Almeida Silva
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B79580064EFBEF6FAB6FA40" box="[1252,1302,1446,1470]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">et al</emphasis>
. 2012), and 3) we find the key of Almeida Silva
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B795800623EBE9AFDC6FA1D" box="[565,614,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">et al</emphasis>
. (2012) to be inadequate (i.e., differences in the colour of the notum and genal dilation and chaetotaxy of the fronto-orbital plates are not mentioned). Our key is based on Rognes &amp; Paterson (2005) and Whitworth (2010b).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F6F5657E3B795800609CBD08FA35F8C3" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" type="key">
<key id="CA7E61C43B795800609CBD08FA35F8C3" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">
<keyStep id="051B2E503B795800609CBD08FA35F8C3" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">
<paragraph id="BE5036F53B795800609CBD08FA3BF939" blockId="7.[151,1436,1625,1853]" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">
<keyLead id="051E95C03B795800609CBD08FA3BF939" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">
1 Both sexes: notum shining, with little white microtomentum; genal dilation mostly or entirely yellow to orange in ground colour. Male: frons width twice width of anterior ocellus; outer vertical seta present. Female: tergite 5 with hind margin incised mid-dorsally; fronto-orbital plate without setae in front of lateroclinate seta.........................................................................
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B7958006271BDE3FCEDF936" ID-CoL="5Z23S" box="[634,845,1714,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufifacies">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B7958006271BDE3FCEDF936" bold="true" box="[634,845,1714,1736]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Chrysomya rufifacies</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(for male terminalia, see Almeida Silva
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B79580064DFBDE3FB5EF939" box="[1236,1278,1713,1735]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">et al</emphasis>
. 2012, figs 6, 7)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE5036F53B795800609CBD9EFA35F8C3" blockId="7.[151,1436,1625,1853]" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">
<keyLead id="051E95C03B795800609CBD9EFA35F8C3" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">
- Both sexes: notum with conspicuous white microtomentum; genal dilation blackish in ground colour. Male: frons width less than width of anterior ocellus; outer vertical seta absent. Female: tergite 5 with hind margin entire; fronto-orbital plate with 1 3 outwardly directed setae in front of lateroclinate seta..............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="79EF4D763B79580062ABBC76FCFEF8C3" ID-CoL="5YPS4" box="[672,862,1831,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Chrysomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="244" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="putoria">
<emphasis id="8C9BEAE73B79580062ABBC76FCFEF8C3" bold="true" box="[672,862,1831,1853]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="244">Chrysomya putoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(for male terminalia, see Rognes &amp; Paterson 2005, fig. 10)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>