treatments-xml/data/03/9E/87/039E87E81F66302CFD9CFB407A70F817.xml
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<document id="06B829D34C99B5147464DA6203E9AA50" ID-CLB-Dataset="22339" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2018.416" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2eebb037-4ab1-433c-a9f6-8fe319e9fda9" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3806109" ID-ZooBank="AD094812-5768-43E9-BCC2-9226E69F0820" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588792288471" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Stöhr, Sabine, Hugall, Andrew F., Thuy, Ben &amp; Martynov, Alexander" docDate="2018" docId="039E87E81F66302CFD9CFB407A70F817" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-416_ohara_stohr_hugall.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 416" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Gorgonocephalidae Ljungman 1867" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFA7FF901F60302AFF92FFC27F28FFFC" masterDocTitle="Morphological diagnoses of higher taxa in Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) in support of a new classification" masterLastPageNumber="35" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1698838815030" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="BBFF5BFE8AF0B39355BCCB32433A2E81">Morphological diagnoses of higher taxa in Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) in support of a new classification</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FA1EA2126B3F5224F97156669C20037E">Stöhr, Sabine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9270CAAE8F48BCC998F97387C9551EAE">Thuy, Ben</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="039E87E81F66302CFD9CFB407A70F817" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3816287" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163971283" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3816287" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039E87E81F66302CFD9CFB407A70F817" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039E87E81F66302CFD9CFB407A70F817" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<subSubSection id="C32D65751F66302CFD9CFB407B0EFB60" box="[526,1062,1154,1180]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8836FE1F66302CFD9CFB407B0EFB60" blockId="6.[526,1062,1154,1180]" box="[526,1062,1154,1180]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0C081921F66302CFD9CFB407B0EFB60" box="[526,1062,1154,1180]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="2">
Family
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFDFAFB407B0EFB60" ID-CoL="7NHQ2" authority="Ljungman, 1867" authorityName="Ljungman" authorityYear="1867" box="[616,1062,1154,1180]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFDFAFB407C74FB60" bold="true" box="[616,860,1154,1180]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Gorgonocephalidae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFCF6FB407B0EFB60" author="Ljungman" box="[868,1062,1154,1180]" firstAuthor="Ljungman" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="303 - 336" refId="ref16865" refString="Ljungman A. V. 1867. Ophiuroidea viventia huc usque cognita. Ofversigt af Kungliga Vetenskaps- Akademiens Forhandlingar 1866 23: 303 - 336." type="journal article" year="1867">Ljungman, 1867</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C32D65751F66302CFF2FFB077DFFF8F0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8836FE1F66302CFF2FFB077D14FB23" blockId="6.[189,572,1221,1247]" box="[189,572,1221,1247]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFF2FFB077D10FB23" authority="Verrill, 1899 a: 79" authorityName="Verrill" authorityPageNumber="79" authorityYear="1899" box="[189,568,1221,1247]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Astrochelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">
Astrochelidae
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFEF5FB077D10FB23" author="Verrill" box="[359,568,1221,1247]" firstAuthor="Verrill" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref19274" refString="Verrill A. E. 1899 a. Report on the Ophiuroidea collected by the Bahama expedition in 1893. Bulletin from the Laboratories of Natural History of the State University of Iowa 5: 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="1899" yearSuffix="a">Verrill, 1899a: 79</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8836FE1F66302CFF2FFACA7E62FADE" blockId="6.[189,330,1288,1314]" box="[189,330,1288,1314]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0C081921F66302CFF2FFACA7E62FADE" bold="true" box="[189,330,1288,1314]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFF2FFACA7E62FADE" bold="true" box="[189,330,1288,1314]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<typeStatus id="548C885C1F66302CFF2FFACA7FD2FADE" box="[189,250,1288,1314]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type</typeStatus>
genus
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8836FE1F66302CFF2FFAF57BAAFAAE" blockId="6.[189,1154,1335,1362]" box="[189,1154,1335,1362]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFF2FFAF57D0FFAAE" ID-CoL="7P49B" authority="Leach, 1815" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[189,551,1335,1362]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Gorgonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFF2FFAF57EA6FAAD" box="[189,398,1335,1361]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Gorgonocephalus</emphasis>
Leach, 1815
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="548C885C1F66302CFDA4FAFA7D42FAAE" box="[566,618,1336,1362]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFD44FAFA7B56FAAE" ID-CoL="3H37Q" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[726,1150,1335,1362]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Gorgonocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="caputmedusae">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFD44FAFA7DC3FAAE" box="[726,747,1336,1362]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">G</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFD6BFAF57C89FAAD" box="[761,929,1335,1361]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">caputmedusae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFC23FAF57B42FAAE" author="Linnaeus" box="[945,1130,1335,1362]" firstAuthor="Linnaeus" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref16732" refString="Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, 10 th edn. Holmiae, Stockholm." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
))
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8836FE1F66302CFF2FFAB87E4CFA68" blockId="6.[189,356,1402,1428]" box="[189,356,1402,1428]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0C081921F66302CFF2FFAB87E4CFA68" bold="true" box="[189,356,1402,1428]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFF2FFAB87E4CFA68" bold="true" box="[189,356,1402,1428]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Other genera</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8836FE1F66302CFF2FFA687DFFF8F0" blockId="6.[189,1399,1448,1804]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFF2FFA687D4CFA39" ID-CoL="fd11a361-e370-4dab-8a0d-a25757a49051" authority="Orstedt &amp; Lutken, 1856" authorityName="Orstedt &amp; Lutken" authorityYear="1856" box="[189,612,1448,1477]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Asteroporpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFF2FFA687E67FA38" box="[189,335,1450,1476]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Asteroporpa</emphasis>
Örstedt &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFE5BFA687D4CFA39" author="Lutken" box="[457,612,1450,1477]" firstAuthor="Lutken" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref17043" refString="Lutken C. F. 1856. Bidrag til kundskab om Slangestjernerne. II. Oversigt over de vestindiske Ophiurer. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i KjObenhavn 1856 8: 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1856">Lütken, 1856</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFDFCFA687CB7FA38" ID-CoL="7NRL8" authority="Doderlein, 1927" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1927" box="[622,927,1450,1476]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astracme" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFDFCFA687DF5FA38" box="[622,733,1450,1476]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astracme</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFD73FA687CB7FA38" author="Doderlein" box="[737,927,1450,1476]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref15622" refString="Doderlein L. 1927. Indopacifische Euryale. Abhandlungen der Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften 31: 1 - 105, pls 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1927">Döderlein, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFC3AFA687BFCFA38" ID-CoL="7NRLJ" authority="Doderlein, 1911" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1911" box="[936,1236,1450,1476]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astroboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFC3AFA687B3AFA38" box="[936,1042,1450,1476]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astroboa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFB85FA687BFCFA38" author="Doderlein" box="[1047,1236,1450,1476]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref15587" refString="Doderlein L. 1911. Uber japanische und andere Euryalae. Abhandlungen der math. phys. Klasse der KOniglichen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 5: 1 - 123, pls 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1911">Döderlein, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFB4FFA687EA9FA14" ID-CoL="7NRLM" authority="Doderlein, 1911" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1911" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrocaneum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFB4FFA687A5FFA38" box="[1245,1399,1450,1476]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrocaneum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFF2FFA0C7EA9FA14" author="Doderlein" box="[189,385,1486,1512]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref15587" refString="Doderlein L. 1911. Uber japanische und andere Euryalae. Abhandlungen der math. phys. Klasse der KOniglichen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 5: 1 - 123, pls 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1911">Döderlein, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFE03FA0C7DF2FA15" ID-CoL="7NRLR" authority="Koehler, 1905" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1905" box="[401,730,1486,1513]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrochalcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFE03FA0C7D0BFA14" box="[401,547,1486,1512]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrochalcis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFDBFFA0C7DF2FA15" author="Koehler" box="[557,730,1486,1513]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref16361" refString="Koehler R. 1905. Ophiures littorales. Siboga Expeditie Monographs 45 b: 1 - 140, pls. 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1905">Koehler, 1905</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFD78FA0C7B23FA14" ID-CoL="7NPY8" authority="Verrill, 1878" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1878" box="[746,1035,1486,1512]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrochele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFD78FA0C7C4EFA14" box="[746,870,1486,1512]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrochele</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFCE3FA0C7B23FA14" author="Verrill" box="[881,1035,1486,1512]" firstAuthor="Verrill" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="207 - 215" refId="ref19235" refString="Verrill A. E. 1878. Notice of recent additions to the marine fauna of the eastern coast of North America. Nos. 1 &amp; 2. American Journal of Science 16: 207 - 215." type="journal article" year="1878">Verrill, 1878</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFB89FA0C7A59FA14" ID-CoL="7NRLT" authority="Koehler, 1912" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1912" box="[1051,1393,1486,1512]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFB89FA0C7B92FA14" box="[1051,1210,1486,1512]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrochlamys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFB57FA0C7A59FA14" author="Koehler" box="[1221,1393,1486,1512]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref16450" refString="Koehler R. 1912. Echinodermes (Asteries, Ophiures et Echinides). In: (eds) Deuxieme Expedition Antarctique Francaise (1908 - 1910) commande par le Dr Jean Charcot: 272, 16 pls. Masson, Paris." type="book" year="1912">Koehler, 1912</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFF2FFA317ED4F9F0" ID-CoL="7NRLV" authority="Verrill, 1899 b" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[189,508,1522,1549]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrocladus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFF2FFA317E60F9F1" box="[189,328,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrocladus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFEC1FA307ED4F9F0" author="Verrill" box="[339,508,1522,1548]" firstAuthor="Verrill" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="301 - 386" refId="ref19313" refString="Verrill A. E. 1899 b. North American Ophiuroidea. I. - Revision of certain families and genera of West Indian Ophiurans. II. - A faunal catalogue of the known species of West Indian Ophiurans. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy 10: 301 - 386." type="journal article" year="1899" yearSuffix="b">Verrill, 1899b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFD9EFA317C01F9F1" ID-CoL="7NRLW" authority="Lyman, 1879" authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1879" box="[524,809,1523,1549]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astroclon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFD9EFA317D55F9F1" box="[524,637,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astroclon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFD1AFA317C01F9F1" author="Lyman" box="[648,809,1523,1549]" firstAuthor="Lyman" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="17 - 83" refId="ref17482" refString="Lyman T. 1879. Ophiuridae and Astrophytidae of the &quot; Challenger &quot; expedition. Part II. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard 6: 17 - 83." type="journal article" year="1879">Lyman, 1879</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFCABFA317B4DF9F1" ID-CoL="7NPYB" authority="Lyman, 1872" authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1872" box="[825,1125,1523,1549]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrocnida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFCABFA317C91F9F1" box="[825,953,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrocnida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFC56FA317B4DF9F1" author="Lyman" box="[964,1125,1523,1549]" firstAuthor="Lyman" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref17325" refString="Lyman T. 1872. Note sur les Ophiurides et Euryales qui se trouvant les collections de Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, series 5, Zoologie 16: 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1872">Lyman, 1872</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFBE7FA317FD2F9CD" ID-CoL="7NRLZ" authority="Doderlein, 1927" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1927" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrocrius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFBE7FA317BC6F9F1" box="[1141,1262,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrocrius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFB68FA307FD2F9CD" author="Doderlein" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref15622" refString="Doderlein L. 1927. Indopacifische Euryale. Abhandlungen der Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften 31: 1 - 105, pls 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1927">Döderlein, 1927</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFE9EF9D57D4EF9CD" ID-CoL="7NPYC" authority="Doderlein, 1911" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1911" box="[268,614,1559,1585]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrocyclus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFE9EF9D57EBCF9CD" box="[268,404,1559,1585]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrocyclus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFE32F9D57D4EF9CD" author="Doderlein" box="[416,614,1559,1585]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref15587" refString="Doderlein L. 1911. Uber japanische und andere Euryalae. Abhandlungen der math. phys. Klasse der KOniglichen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 5: 1 - 123, pls 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1911">Döderlein, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFDEAF9D57CD9F9CD" ID-CoL="7NRM3" authority="Doderlein, 1911" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1911" box="[632,1009,1559,1585]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrodendrum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFDEAF9D57C37F9CD" box="[632,799,1559,1585]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrodendrum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFCB9F9D57CD9F9CD" author="Doderlein" box="[811,1009,1559,1585]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref15587" refString="Doderlein L. 1911. Uber japanische und andere Euryalae. Abhandlungen der math. phys. Klasse der KOniglichen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 5: 1 - 123, pls 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1911">Döderlein, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFB91F9D57A59F9CD" ID-CoL="7NRM6" authority="Doderlein, 1927" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1927" box="[1027,1393,1559,1585]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrodictyum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFB91F9D57BB6F9CD" box="[1027,1182,1559,1585]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrodictyum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFB39F9D57A59F9CD" author="Doderlein" box="[1195,1393,1559,1585]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref15622" refString="Doderlein L. 1927. Indopacifische Euryale. Abhandlungen der Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften 31: 1 - 105, pls 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1927">Döderlein, 1927</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFF2FF9F97D35F9A9" ID-CoL="7NRM7" authority="Doderlein, 1927" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1927" box="[189,541,1595,1621]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astroglymma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFF2FF9F97E70F9A9" box="[189,344,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astroglymma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFECCF9F97D35F9A9" author="Doderlein" box="[350,541,1595,1621]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref15622" refString="Doderlein L. 1927. Indopacifische Euryale. Abhandlungen der Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften 31: 1 - 105, pls 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1927">Döderlein, 1927</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFDBAF9F97C59F9A9" ID-CoL="7NRM8" authority="Lyman, 1869" authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1869" box="[552,881,1595,1622]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrogomphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFDBAF9F97DF8F9A9" box="[552,720,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrogomphus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFD44F9FE7C59F9A9" author="Lyman" box="[726,881,1595,1622]" firstAuthor="Lyman" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="309 - 354" refId="ref17290" refString="Lyman T. 1869. Preliminary report on the Ophiuridae and Astrophytidae dredged in deep water between Cuba and Florida Reef. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 1: 309 - 354." type="journal article" year="1869">Lyman, 1869</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFCEEF9F97BFFF9A9" ID-CoL="7NPYF" authority="Doderlein, 1911" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1911" box="[892,1239,1595,1621]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrogordius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFCEEF9F97B3BF9A9" box="[892,1043,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrogordius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFB8BF9F97BFFF9A9" author="Doderlein" box="[1049,1239,1595,1621]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref15587" refString="Doderlein L. 1911. Uber japanische und andere Euryalae. Abhandlungen der math. phys. Klasse der KOniglichen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 5: 1 - 123, pls 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1911">Döderlein, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFB70F9F97E57F986" ID-CoL="7NRM9" authority="Doderlein, 1930" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1930" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrohamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFB70F9F97A5FF9A9" box="[1250,1399,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrohamma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFF2FF9A27E57F986" author="Doderlein" box="[189,383,1632,1658]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="348 - 396" refId="ref15647" refString="Doderlein L. 1930. 2. Euryale. In: Die Ophiuroiden der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer &quot; Valdivia &quot; 1898 - 1899: 348 - 396, pls 14 - 16." type="journal article" year="1930">Döderlein, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFE1EF9A27DE5F986" ID-CoL="5c82e761-adda-4ccb-9d5c-a9a133b784ed" authority="Doderlein, 1930" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1930" box="[396,717,1632,1658]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrohelix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFE1EF9A27D2CF986" box="[396,516,1632,1658]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrohelix</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFD9EF9A27DE5F986" author="Doderlein" box="[524,717,1632,1658]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="348 - 396" refId="ref15647" refString="Doderlein L. 1930. 2. Euryale. In: Die Ophiuroiden der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer &quot; Valdivia &quot; 1898 - 1899: 348 - 396, pls 14 - 16." type="journal article" year="1930">Döderlein, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFD49F9A27B08F986" ID-CoL="7NRMG" authority="McKnight, 2000" authorityName="McKnight" authorityYear="2000" box="[731,1056,1632,1658]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astroniwa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFD49F9A27C7BF986" box="[731,851,1632,1658]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astroniwa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFCC8F9A27B08F986" author="McKnight" box="[858,1056,1632,1658]" firstAuthor="McKnight" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref17895" refString="McKnight D. G. 2000. The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Basket-stars and Snake-stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Euryalinida). National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Auckland, New Zealand." type="book" year="2000">McKnight, 2000</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFBBFF9A27A59F986" ID-CoL="7NPYS" authority="Fleming, 1828" authorityName="Fleming" authorityYear="1828" box="[1069,1393,1632,1658]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrophyton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFBBFF9A27B93F986" box="[1069,1211,1632,1658]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrophyton</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFB51F9A27A59F986" author="Fleming" box="[1219,1393,1632,1658]" firstAuthor="Fleming" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref15803" refString="Fleming J. 1828. An History of British Animals Exhibiting their Descriptive Characters and Systematical Arrangement of Genera and Species of Quadrupeds, Birds, Reptiles, Fishes, Mollusca, and Radiata of the United Kingdom. Bell &amp; Bradfute, Edinburgh." type="book" year="1828">Fleming, 1828</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFF2FF9467D09F962" ID-CoL="7NRMJ" authority="Doderlein, 1927" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1927" box="[189,545,1668,1694]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astroplegma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFF2FF9467E7AF962" box="[189,338,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astroplegma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFECEF9467D09F962" author="Doderlein" box="[348,545,1668,1694]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref15622" refString="Doderlein L. 1927. Indopacifische Euryale. Abhandlungen der Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften 31: 1 - 105, pls 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1927">Döderlein, 1927</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFDA2F9477C7BF962" ID-CoL="7NRMP" authority="Baker, 1980" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1980" box="[560,851,1668,1695]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrosierra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFDA2F9477D9DF963" box="[560,693,1669,1695]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrosierra</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFD2DF9467C7BF962" author="Baker" box="[703,851,1668,1694]" firstAuthor="Baker" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="11 - 83" refId="ref14248" refString="Baker A. N. 1980. Euryalinid Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Australia, New Zealand, and the southwest Pacific Ocean. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 7: 11 - 83." type="journal article" year="1980">Baker, 1980</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFCF0F9477BEDF962" ID-CoL="7NRMQ" authority="Doderlein, 1911" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1911" box="[866,1221,1668,1695]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrospartus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFCF0F9477CDFF963" box="[866,1015,1669,1695]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrospartus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFB90F9467BEDF962" author="Doderlein" box="[1026,1221,1668,1694]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref15587" refString="Doderlein L. 1911. Uber japanische und andere Euryalae. Abhandlungen der math. phys. Klasse der KOniglichen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 5: 1 - 123, pls 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1911">Döderlein, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFB47F9467EB8F93F" ID-CoL="7NPYZ" authority="Matsumoto, 1915" authorityName="Matsumoto" authorityYear="1915" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrothamnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFB47F9467A5FF962" box="[1237,1399,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrothamnus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFF2FF96B7EB8F93F" author="Matsumoto" box="[189,400,1704,1731]" firstAuthor="Matsumoto" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="43 - 92" refId="ref17825" refString="Matsumoto H. 1915. A new classification of the Ophiuroidea: with descriptions of new genera and species. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 67: 43 - 92." type="journal article" year="1915">Matsumoto, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFE0FF96A7DDAF93F" ID-CoL="7NRMR" authority="Doderlein, 1911" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1911" box="[413,754,1704,1731]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFE0FF96A7D00F93E" box="[413,552,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrothorax</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFDA3F96A7DDAF93F" author="Doderlein" box="[561,754,1704,1731]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref15587" refString="Doderlein L. 1911. Uber japanische und andere Euryalae. Abhandlungen der math. phys. Klasse der KOniglichen Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 5: 1 - 123, pls 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1911">Döderlein, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFC92F96A7BA6F93F" ID-CoL="7NRMS" authority="H. L. Clark, 1909 a" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1909" box="[768,1166,1704,1731]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrothrombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFC92F96A7C84F93E" box="[768,940,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrothrombus</emphasis>
H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFC61F96A7BA6F93F" author="Clark" box="[1011,1166,1704,1731]" firstAuthor="Clark" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="519 - 564" refId="ref14880" refString="Clark H. L. 1909 a. Scientific results of the trawling expedition of H. M. C. S. &quot; Thetis &quot; off the coast of New South Wales, in February and March 1898. Echinodermata. Memoirs of the Australian Museum 4: 519 - 564." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="a">Clark, 1909a</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFB0EF96B7FD2F914" ID-CoL="7NRMT" authority="Lyman, 1875" authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1875" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFB0EF96B7A3DF93F" box="[1180,1301,1705,1731]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrotoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFA8CF96B7FD2F914" author="Lyman" firstAuthor="Lyman" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref17363" refString="Lyman T. 1875. Zoological results of the Hassler Expedition. 2. Ophiuridae and Astrophytidae. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College 8: 1 - 34, 5 pls." type="book chapter" year="1875">Lyman, 1875</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFE9BF90F7D64F91B" ID-CoL="7NRMW" authority="Doderlein, 1930" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityYear="1930" box="[265,588,1741,1767]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Astrozona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFE9BF90F7E57F91B" box="[265,383,1741,1767]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrozona</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFE1AF90F7D64F91B" author="Doderlein" box="[392,588,1741,1767]" firstAuthor="Doderlein" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="348 - 396" refId="ref15647" refString="Doderlein L. 1930. 2. Euryale. In: Die Ophiuroiden der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer &quot; Valdivia &quot; 1898 - 1899: 348 - 396, pls 14 - 16." type="journal article" year="1930">Döderlein, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFDC9F90F7CE6F91B" ID-CoL="7NTG5" authority="H. L. Clark, 1909 b" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1909" box="[603,974,1741,1767]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Conocladus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFDC9F90F7DCFF91B" box="[603,743,1741,1767]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Conocladus</emphasis>
H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFCA2F90F7CE6F91B" author="Clark" box="[816,974,1741,1767]" firstAuthor="Clark" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="109 - 135" refId="ref14933" refString="Clark H. L. 1909 b. Notes on some Australian and Indo-Pacific echinoderms. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University 52: 109 - 135." type="journal article" year="1909" yearSuffix="b">Clark, 1909b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFC4FF90F7BC7F91B" ID-CoL="845KT" authority="Bell, 1894" authorityName="Bell" authorityYear="1894" box="[989,1263,1741,1767]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Ophiocrene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFC4FF90F7B4EF91B" box="[989,1126,1741,1767]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ophiocrene</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFBE2F90F7BC7F91B" author="Bell" box="[1136,1263,1741,1767]" firstAuthor="Bell" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="392 - 413" refId="ref14354" refString="Bell F. J. 1894. On the echinoderms collected during the voyage of H. M. S. Penguin and by H. M. S. Egeria, when surveying Macclesfield Bank. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1894: 392 - 413." type="journal article" year="1894">Bell, 1894</bibRefCitation>
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,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFB6CF90F7E4EF8F7" ID-CoL="7PR2P" authority="Koehler, 1930" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1930" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Ophiozeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFB6CF90F7A5FF91B" box="[1278,1399,1741,1767]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ophiozeta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFF2FF9337E4EF8F7" author="Koehler" box="[189,358,1777,1803]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 295" refId="ref16630" refString="Koehler R. 1930. Ophiures recueillies par le Docteur Th. Mortensen dans les Mers d'Australie et dans l'Archipel Malais. Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16. LIV. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening 89: 1 - 295." type="journal article" year="1930">Koehler, 1930</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C374D7D1F66302CFEE0F9337DFAF8F0" ID-CoL="7PZ2B" authority="A. H. Clark, 1952" authorityName="A. H. Clark" authorityYear="1952" box="[370,722,1777,1804]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Gorgonocephalidae" genus="Schizostella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Euryalida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFEE0F9337ED6F8F7" box="[370,510,1777,1803]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Schizostella</emphasis>
A.H.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA64B0F1F66302CFDD6F9337DFAF8F0" author="Clark" box="[580,722,1777,1804]" firstAuthor="Clark" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="451 - 454" refId="ref14770" refString="Clark A. H. 1952. Schizostella, a new genus of brittle-star (Gorgonocephalidae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum 102: 451 - 454, plate 40. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.102 - 3307.451" type="journal article" year="1952">Clark, 1952</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32D65751F66302CFF2FF8F67A70F817" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8836FE1F66302CFF2FF8F67E1EF8B2" blockId="6.[189,310,1844,1870]" box="[189,310,1844,1870]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="D0C081921F66302CFF2FF8F67E1EF8B2" bold="true" box="[189,310,1844,1870]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B943EAEC1F66302CFF2FF8F67E1EF8B2" bold="true" box="[189,310,1844,1870]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8836FE1F66302CFF2FF8A17A70F817" blockId="6.[189,1399,1891,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dorsal disc and arms with scales and plates, which bear thorny granules or spines. Girdles of small hyaline hooks on the arms. Arms branching or simple. All vertebrae without oral bridge. Gonads restricted to disc. Multiple teeth in irregular columns, dental plate entire. Arm spine articulation with slit-shaped muscle opening proximally bordered by vertical ridge, small nerve opening at a distance.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>