255 lines
32 KiB
XML
255 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="B52B6D4B8FBA4605F2824442EA7AE007" ID-CLB-Dataset="21729" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4789.1.12" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5ea6f61c-10c6-4e2d-b714-ee777bd26d08" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3884666" ID-ZooBank="1E2CE17B-BB99-4F62-8EC3-E2D54634BCC2" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1591602069925" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Scheffrahn, Rudolf H." docDate="2020" docId="F84A1F61FF91BB76FF0BF995FD89A324" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4789.1.12.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4789 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gastrotermes spinatus Scheffrahn 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="295" masterDocId="04736719FF90BB72FF9CFFA1FFC2A737" masterDocTitle="Gastrotermes spinatus gen. n. sp. n., an African soil-feeding termite described from the worker caste (Isoptera, Termitidae, Apicotermitidae)" masterLastPageNumber="296" masterPageNumber="291" pageNumber="292" updateTime="1698842193342" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="0236430F10920E6280AC96EA5E9F8F3B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0C58C0AE115D64F7DC96728FA28E80E9">
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<mods:title id="F1EE4B09E447D7416F03F087A85A1941">Gastrotermes spinatus gen. n. sp. n., an African soil-feeding termite described from the worker caste (Isoptera, Termitidae, Apicotermitidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="BFCB2B4EA73990EA09C69FD77F147CFB" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="AAEB4189B2646551394E263E81E0827D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E2101D51EA57D85E46B302A057E2A6BB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1329CD8D3F7F7481B8908FE4926D1EBF">Scheffrahn, Rudolf H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="AF7D16A74619E3F4C47569AC2C3B8B0C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0FE4E8524B3FBB42BE0F67628F3EC0A3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="23DA939A134845CFAC6CED282CD37220">
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<mods:date id="09CD999091B69A33327BB2073CF97AB3">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="3C7A4FC2263A940C5ED395F7CD192CBE" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="C6E1B122C4DDEC41BDBA6B2C2E3552D8">2020-06-08</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="C225EA860783B4A360A2795FE4583B19" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="4BC4B0077C23B8A34F691CAA73CF8247">4789</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="6FC2F1293F35C3BCCD7E6FCB3B6FD68F" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="A98AB7AD8B448E5F385F4BF978506DC1">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A4FA7B5D09FF989C2581E00421B8E635">291</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="23E27BA1CE5C084E9DF7167A3DEB4C3F">296</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="E9F99BC2E513A3B5B607EF6B3DDE226E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6C885A36F433D24D01A1ED6279C648D9" type="CLB-Dataset">21729</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="40353D9CF59CCC0C7239D8210661BAC4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4789.1.12</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="37F18BC98B274FC4BF265C16218DF0EA" type="GBIF-Dataset">5ea6f61c-10c6-4e2d-b714-ee777bd26d08</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="75FFEC96DBB8CFA7279FC174C9362FCC" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="F84A1F61FF91BB76FF0BF995FD89A324" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5919515" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164486628" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5919515" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F84A1F61FF91BB76FF0BF995FD89A324" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F84A1F61FF91BB76FF0BF995FD89A324" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<subSubSection id="38F9FDFCFF91BB73FF0BF995FDC8A179" box="[151,522,1588,1614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="705CAE77FF91BB73FF0BF995FDC8A179" blockId="1.[151,522,1588,1614]" box="[151,522,1588,1614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<heading id="2B14191BFF91BB73FF0BF995FDC8A179" bold="true" box="[151,522,1588,1614]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="42977265FF91BB73FF0BF995FDC8A179" bold="true" box="[151,522,1588,1614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF91BB73FF0BF995FE67A179" authority="Scheffrahn, 2020" authorityName="Scheffrahn" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,421,1588,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Gastrotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinatus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="42977265FF91BB73FF0BF995FE67A179" bold="true" box="[151,421,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Gastrotermes spinatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="59A4CF1EFF91BB73FE30F995FDC8A179" box="[428,522,1588,1614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="38F9FDFCFF91BB76FF0BF9D7FCD0A508" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="705CAE77FF91BB73FF0BF9D7FB31A1A7" blockId="1.[151,1437,1654,2041]" box="[151,1267,1654,1681]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<materialsCitation id="C08BA42AFF91BB73FF0BF9D7FB31A1A7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2632355301" box="[151,1267,1654,1681]" collectingDate="2011-12-01" county="Jan Krecek" location="Termite Collection" municipality="University" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Florida" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="42977265FF91BB73FF0BF9D7FEC6A1A7" bold="true" box="[151,260,1654,1680]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<typeStatus id="AF5810D5FF91BB73FF0BF9D7FEC6A1A7" box="[151,260,1654,1680]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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. Worker,
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<date id="045D88B7FF91BB73FEEEF9D7FE33A1A7" box="[370,497,1654,1680]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2011-12-01">
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<collectingDate id="1419715FFF91BB73FEEEF9D7FE33A1A7" box="[370,497,1654,1680]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2011-12-01">1DEC2011</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="993DD6FBFF91BB73FE61F9D6FDBFA1A7" box="[509,637,1654,1681]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Jan Křeček</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="9038340DFF91BB73FD14F9D7FD3CA1A7" box="[648,766,1654,1680]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">University</collectingMunicipality>
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of
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<collectingRegion id="B2276095FF91BB73FCBFF9D7FCB6A1A7" box="[803,884,1654,1680]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Florida</collectingRegion>
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<location id="753CF8ACFF91BB73FCE7F9D7FB8FA1A7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F84A1F61FF91BB76FF0BF995FD89A324:753CF8ACFF91BB73FCE7F9D7FB8FA1A7" box="[891,1101,1654,1680]" county="Jan Krecek" municipality="University" name="Termite Collection" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" stateProvince="Florida">Termite Collection</location>
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no. AFR1424.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="705CAE77FF91BB73FF5BF93BFB0DA183" blockId="1.[151,1437,1654,2041]" box="[199,1231,1689,1717]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<emphasis id="42977265FF91BB73FF5BF93BFE41A183" bold="true" box="[199,387,1689,1716]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Type repository</emphasis>
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. University of
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<collectingRegion id="B2276095FF91BB73FDB1F93BFDBCA183" box="[557,638,1690,1716]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Florida</collectingRegion>
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<materialsCitation id="C08BA42AFF91BB73FD18F93BFB0EA183" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2632355303" box="[644,1228,1690,1717]" location="Fort Lauderdale" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Florida">
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Termite Collection,
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<location id="753CF8ACFF91BB73FCF8F93AFBD9A183" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F84A1F61FF91BB76FF0BF995FD89A324:753CF8ACFF91BB73FCF8F93AFBD9A183" box="[868,1051,1690,1717]" name="Fort Lauderdale" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" stateProvince="Florida">Fort Lauderdale</location>
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, Davie,
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<collectingRegion id="B2276095FF91BB73FBEBF93BFB0EA183" box="[1143,1228,1690,1716]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Florida</collectingRegion>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="705CAE77FF91BB73FF5BF91CFBB6A1EE" blockId="1.[151,1437,1654,2041]" box="[199,1140,1725,1753]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<emphasis id="42977265FF91BB73FF5BF91CFEA0A1EF" bold="true" box="[199,354,1725,1752]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Type-locality</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="C08BA42AFF91BB73FEECF91FFBB6A1EE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2632355302" box="[368,1140,1725,1753]" country="Cameroon" elevation="135" location="Korup National Park" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" specimenCount="135">
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<collectingCountry id="08F4EEE7FF91BB73FEECF91FFE2AA1EF" box="[368,488,1726,1752]" name="Cameroon" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="753CF8ACFF91BB73FE6FF91EFD1EA1EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F84A1F61FF91BB76FF0BF995FD89A324:753CF8ACFF91BB73FE6FF91EFD1EA1EF" box="[499,732,1726,1753]" country="Cameroon" name="Korup National Park" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Korup National Park</location>
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(lat 5.007, long 8.865), elev.
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<specimenCount id="66E565FEFF91BB73FBBAF91CFBB6A1EE" box="[1062,1140,1725,1753]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="generic">
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<quantity id="B71B0392FF91BB73FBBAF91CFBB2A1EE" box="[1062,1136,1725,1753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="m" value="135.0">
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<elevation id="FBCE4944FF91BB73FBBAF91CFBB2A1EE" box="[1062,1136,1725,1753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="m" value="135.0">135 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="705CAE77FF91BB73FF5BF943FC69A1CB" blockId="1.[151,1437,1654,2041]" box="[199,939,1762,1789]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<emphasis id="42977265FF91BB73FF5BF943FEFDA1CB" bold="true" box="[199,319,1762,1788]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<typeStatus id="AF5810D5FF91BB73FF5BF943FEFDA1CB" box="[199,319,1762,1788]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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. Another
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<specimenCount id="66E565FEFF91BB73FE32F943FDECA1CB" box="[430,558,1762,1788]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="worker">30 workers</specimenCount>
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, same colony sample as
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<typeStatus id="AF5810D5FF91BB73FCDEF943FC6AA1CB" box="[834,936,1762,1788]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="705CAE77FF91BB73FF5BF8A7FB0CA0CF" blockId="1.[151,1437,1654,2041]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<emphasis id="42977265FF91BB73FF5BF8A7FEE6A017" bold="true" box="[199,292,1798,1824]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Worker</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="E8D8B2F2FF91BB73FEAFF8A7FE5AA017" box="[307,408,1798,1824]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1099,1124]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,250,1907,1932]" captionStartId-2="3.[151,250,1166,1191]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1434,181,1073]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,1182,1882]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,182,1140]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1435,181,1073]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[151,1435,1182,1882]" captionTargetId-2="figure@3.[151,1435,181,1140]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Gastrotermes spinatus worker.A) lateral habitus, B) mandibles, C) dorsal head capsule, and D) lateral head capsule and pronotum." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Gastrotermes spinatus worker whole gut. A) dorsal, B) right, C) ventral, and D) left aspects. Superimposed on D) in highlighted circle is position, to scale, of spiny section of P3a (Fig. 3C). Abbreviations: C = crop, M = mesenteron, P1 = first proctodeal segment, EVS = enteric valve seating, P3a = posterior portion of third proctodeal segment, P3b = anterior portion of third proctodeal segment, IS = isthmus, P4 = forth proctodeal segment, P5 = fifth proctodeal segment." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Gastrotermes spinatus worker gut. A) cuticle of enteric valve armature and portion of EVS, B) EVS, whole mount, C) EVS and adjoining portion of P3a viewed from left aspect (Fig. 2D), D) adjoining portion of P3a viewed from ventral aspect. See Fig. 2 for abbreviations." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3884668" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3884670" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3884672" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3884668/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3884670/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3884672/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Figs. 1-3</figureCitation>
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). Monomorphic, intermediate size for subfamily; head, pronotum, and body rather hairy for subfamily (
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<figureCitation id="E8D8B2F2FF91BB73FE8BF88BFEB2A073" box="[279,368,1834,1860]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1099,1124]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1073]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,181,1073]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Gastrotermes spinatus worker.A) lateral habitus, B) mandibles, C) dorsal head capsule, and D) lateral head capsule and pronotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3884668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3884668/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
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). Head capsule yellowish, covered with a few short but mostly long (ca.
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<quantity id="B71B0392FF91BB73FB3DF88BFAC4A072" box="[1185,1286,1834,1861]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
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) to very long (ca.
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<quantity id="B71B0392FF91BB73FF5BF8EFFEEEA05E" box="[199,300,1870,1897]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="mm" value="0.22">0.22 mm</quantity>
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) setae (
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<figureCitation id="E8D8B2F2FF91BB73FE1FF8EFFE3CA05E" box="[387,510,1870,1897]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1099,1124]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1073]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,181,1073]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Gastrotermes spinatus worker.A) lateral habitus, B) mandibles, C) dorsal head capsule, and D) lateral head capsule and pronotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3884668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3884668/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Fig. 1C, D</figureCitation>
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). Postclypeus strongly inflated; fontanelle almost indiscernible; frontal gland paler than surrounding vertex. Antennae with 14 articles, 2=3>4<5. Left mandible with apical tooth about twice as long as M1+2; anterior margins of M1+2 and M3 subequal; posterior margin of M1+2 forming ca. 110° with anterior margin of M3 (
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<figureCitation id="E8D8B2F2FF91BB73FEDFF81BFE58A0E3" box="[323,410,1978,2004]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1099,1124]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1073]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,181,1073]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Gastrotermes spinatus worker.A) lateral habitus, B) mandibles, C) dorsal head capsule, and D) lateral head capsule and pronotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3884668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3884668/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
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). Right mandible with apical tooth about 2.5 times longer than first marginal tooth; second marginal tooth forming 90° isosceles triangle. Fore tibia slightly inflated compared to hind tibia.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="249CFEFFFF92BB70FF0BFBEAFEEEA3B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3884668" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3884668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3884668/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" startId="2.[151,250,1099,1124]" targetBox="[151,1434,181,1073]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="705CAE77FF92BB70FF0BFBEAFEEEA3B0" blockId="2.[151,1436,1099,1160]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
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<emphasis id="42977265FF92BB70FF0BFBEAFED0A353" bold="true" box="[151,274,1099,1124]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF92BB70FE84FBEDFE38A353" authorityName="Scheffrahn" authorityYear="2020" box="[280,506,1100,1124]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Gastrotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinatus">
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<emphasis id="42977265FF92BB70FE84FBEDFE38A353" box="[280,506,1100,1124]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Gastrotermes spinatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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worker. A) lateral habitus, B) mandibles, C) dorsal head capsule, and D) lateral head capsule and pronotum.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="249CFEFFFF92BB70FF0BF8D2FB63A0CF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3884670" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3884670" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3884670/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" startId="2.[151,250,1907,1932]" targetBox="[151,1435,1182,1882]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="705CAE77FF92BB70FF0BF8D2FB63A0CF" blockId="2.[151,1436,1907,2040]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
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<emphasis id="42977265FF92BB70FF0BF8D2FED1A0BB" bold="true" box="[151,275,1907,1932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF92BB70FE86F8D5FE3FA0BC" authorityName="Scheffrahn" authorityYear="2020" box="[282,509,1908,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Gastrotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF92BB70FE86F8D5FE3FA0BC" box="[282,509,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Gastrotermes spinatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
worker whole gut. A) dorsal, B) right, C) ventral, and D) left aspects. Superimposed on D) in highlighted circle is position, to scale, of spiny section of P3a (Fig. 3C). Abbreviations: C = crop, M = mesenteron, P1 = first proctodeal segment, EVS = enteric valve seating, P3a = posterior portion of third proctodeal segment, P3b = anterior portion of third proctodeal segment, IS = isthmus, P4 = forth proctodeal segment, P5 = fifth proctodeal segment.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption id="249CFEFFFF93BB71FF0BFB2FFE75A3D8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3884672" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3884672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3884672/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" startId="3.[151,250,1166,1191]" targetBox="[151,1435,182,1140]" targetPageId="3">
|
|
<paragraph id="705CAE77FF93BB71FF0BFB2FFE75A3D8" blockId="3.[151,1437,1166,1263]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF93BB71FF0BFB2FFED0A390" bold="true" box="[151,274,1166,1191]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF93BB71FE84FB2EFE39A391" authorityName="Scheffrahn" authorityYear="2020" box="[280,507,1167,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Gastrotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF93BB71FE84FB2EFE39A391" box="[280,507,1167,1190]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Gastrotermes spinatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
worker gut. A) cuticle of enteric valve armature and portion of EVS, B) EVS, whole mount, C) EVS and adjoining portion of P3a viewed from left aspect (Fig. 2D), D) adjoining portion of P3a viewed from ventral aspect. See Fig. 2 for abbreviations.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption id="249CFEFFFF93BB71FF0BF83DFE41A0EE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3884674" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3884674" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3884674/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" startId="3.[151,250,1948,1973]" targetBox="[151,1434,1285,1923]" targetPageId="3">
|
|
<paragraph id="705CAE77FF93BB71FF0BF83DFE41A0EE" blockId="3.[151,1436,1948,2009]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF93BB71FF0BF83DFED6A082" bold="true" box="[151,276,1948,1973]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF93BB71FE80F83CFE26A082" box="[284,484,1949,1973]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Labidotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celisi">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF93BB71FE80F83CFE26A082" box="[284,484,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Labidotermes celisi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
worker. A) enteric valve splayed open, B) enteric valve intact, and C) anterior region of the proctodeal section P3a.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="705CAE77FF94BB76FF5BFF38FCD0A508" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1043]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
|
|
Mesenteron forms complete circle, integument in the half nearest P1 with yellow pigmentation. Malpighian knot against the terminal part of midgut. Mixed segment absent, P1 about 3 times as long as wide. Enteric valve seating trilobed, wider than P1; P3a globular; P3b terminus elongate, with longitudinal striations (
|
|
<figureCitation id="E8D8B2F2FF94BB76FB4BFF40FAF3A7CC" box="[1239,1329,225,251]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1907,1932]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1182,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1435,1182,1882]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Gastrotermes spinatus worker whole gut. A) dorsal, B) right, C) ventral, and D) left aspects. Superimposed on D) in highlighted circle is position, to scale, of spiny section of P3a (Fig. 3C). Abbreviations: C = crop, M = mesenteron, P1 = first proctodeal segment, EVS = enteric valve seating, P3a = posterior portion of third proctodeal segment, P3b = anterior portion of third proctodeal segment, IS = isthmus, P4 = forth proctodeal segment, P5 = fifth proctodeal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3884670" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3884670/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
|
). Isthmus (P3a-P4) cuticle without ornamentation; P5 about same volume as P3a. Enteric valve contained within lumen of P2. Valve with six subequal ovoid cushions. Each cushion with one to four small thorns near middle. At and below the cushion ring is a ring consisting of about a dozen rounded pleats followed by a more transparent ring ornamented with 4-9 very short spines in line with each cushion. Enteric valve seating trilobed, about 1.7 times wider than middle of P1 and nearly as long; lined with several hundred 6-14 µm-long erect spines. Opening of the P3a lined with about one hundred 51-107 µm-long sclerotized spines at and beyond the
|
|
<collectionCode id="16F236B2FF94BB76FB90FE18FB83A6E4" box="[1036,1089,441,467]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">EVS</collectionCode>
|
|
constriction. Long spines take two forms; those nearest EVA are simple with sharp points bunched at P3a opening into two groups, one group near interior lobe of
|
|
<collectionCode id="16F236B2FF94BB76FED6FDA0FEBDA52C" box="[330,383,513,539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">EVS</collectionCode>
|
|
and one on opposite (left) side. Spines of the second group with wide, multifurcated termini that form two spiny arms lining the
|
|
<collectionCode id="16F236B2FF94BB76FDB5FD84FD9CA508" box="[553,606,549,575]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">EVS</collectionCode>
|
|
side of the P3a.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="38F9FDFCFF94BB76FF5BFDE8FF12A59C" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="705CAE77FF94BB76FF5BFDE8FF12A59C" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1043]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FF5BFDE8FEBCA554" bold="true" box="[199,382,585,611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
|
Workers (mean, range, mm, n=20): HLP 0.65, 0.58-0.70; PCL 0.21, 0.19-0.23; HW 1.01, 0.98-1.05; PW 0.65, 0.61-0.68; HTL 1.13, 1.05-1.18; FTL 0.82, 0.77-0.86; FTW 0.14, 0.12-0.14; FTLW 0.17, 0.15- 0.18.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="38F9FDFCFF94BB76FF5BFD15FE2DA5C4" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="705CAE77FF94BB76FF5BFD15FE2DA5C4" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1043]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FF5BFD15FE80A5F8" bold="true" box="[199,322,692,719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
|
Both the EVS and P3a junction, as noted above, and the EVA cuticle of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF94BB76FB04FD14FAD8A5F8" authorityName="Scheffrahn" authorityYear="2020" box="[1176,1306,693,719]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Gastrotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FB04FD14FAD8A5F8" box="[1176,1306,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">G. spinatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are unique among the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF94BB76FE88FD78FE62A5C4" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1912" box="[276,416,729,755]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Apicotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FE88FD78FE62A5C4" box="[276,416,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Apicotermes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="38F9FDFCFF94BB76FF5BFD5CFF3AA40C" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph id="705CAE77FF94BB76FF5BFD5CFF3AA40C" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1043]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FF5BFD5CFE8CA420" bold="true" box="[199,334,765,791]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
|
The specific epithet
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FDA8FD5DFD80A420" bold="true" box="[564,578,764,791]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">“</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF94BB76FDDEFD5FFD5DA420" authorityName="Scheffrahn" authorityYear="2020" box="[578,671,766,791]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Gastrotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FDDEFD5FFD5DA420" box="[578,671,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">spinatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
” (Latin for spine) refers to the large spines at the juncture of the EVS and P3a.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="38F9FDFCFF94BB76FF5BFCE5FD89A324" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="705CAE77FF94BB76FF5BFCE5FD89A324" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1043]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FF5BFCE5FE8EA468" bold="true" box="[199,332,836,863]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
|
Soldiers are relatively rare in colonies of the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF94BB76FCD9FCE4FC13A468" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1912" box="[837,977,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Apicotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FCD9FCE4FC13A468" box="[837,977,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Apicotermes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group genera so it is possible that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF94BB76FACDFCE4FF16A4B4" authorityName="Scheffrahn" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Gastrotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FACDFCE4FF16A4B4" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">G. spinatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
possesses a soldier. Except for its subterranean soil-feeding behavior, the biology of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF94BB76FB11FCC8FACEA4B4" authorityName="Scheffrahn" authorityYear="2020" box="[1165,1292,873,899]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Gastrotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FB11FCC8FACEA4B4" box="[1165,1292,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">G. spinatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is unknown. The only known locality for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF94BB76FE42FC2CFD9DA490" authorityName="Scheffrahn" authorityYear="2020" box="[478,607,909,935]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Gastrotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FE42FC2CFD9DA490" box="[478,607,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">G. spinatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is in lowland central African rainforest with precipitation exceeding
|
|
<quantity id="B71B0392FF94BB76FAECFC2CFA5EA490" box="[1392,1436,909,935]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
|
|
per annum.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1472D386FF94BB76FE87FC10FE74A4FC" author="Noirot, C." box="[283,438,945,971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" pagination="431 - 471" refId="ref2648" refString="Noirot, C. (2001) The gut of termites (Isoptera). Comparative anatomy, systematics, phylogeny. I. Higher termites (Termitidae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 37, 431 - 471." type="journal article" year="2001">Noirot (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
places the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF94BB76FDADFC10FD09A4FC" box="[561,715,945,971]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Labidotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FDADFC10FD09A4FC" box="[561,715,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Labidotermes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
subgroup as basal within the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF94BB76FB8AFC10FB60A4FC" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1912" box="[1046,1186,945,971]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Apicotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FB8AFC10FB60A4FC" box="[1046,1186,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Apicotermes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
group because, unlike the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF94BB76FF5DFC74FE9BA4D8" authorityName="Noirot" authorityYear="1966" box="[193,345,981,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Eburnitermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FF5DFC74FE9BA4D8" box="[193,345,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Eburnitermes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF94BB76FEF4FC74FE3EA4D8" authorityName="Sjostedt" authorityYear="1924" box="[360,508,981,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Trichotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FEF4FC74FE3EA4D8" box="[360,508,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Trichotermes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B7E3D5F4FF94BB76FDA7FC74FD05A4D8" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1912" box="[571,711,981,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Apicotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="42977265FF94BB76FDA7FC74FD05A4D8" box="[571,711,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Apicotermes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
subgroups, the EVA is situated on the inner face of P2 and does not project into the EVS or P3a lumen.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |