102 lines
11 KiB
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102 lines
11 KiB
XML
<document id="5C5106379D5FFB8902872ACDD3D659E2" ID-CLB-Dataset="46148" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.200567" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dbb812a3-60dd-4f6f-bb48-9e2ce120221a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="200567" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460401264355" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mound, Laurence A." docDate="2011" docId="F81587F0FFB0767AFF40FEE7FED16E5D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03064p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3064" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Limothrips Haliday" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="042CFF88FFA5766FFFD7FFABFFA16D23" masterDocTitle="Grass-dependent Thysanoptera of the family Thripidae from Australia" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1698299248500" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="BD23A931C69AB9A8D2BB06E7C6CCED94" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CA53A5118FAD2056131B2959A8B57AE1">
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<mods:title id="AAB97C389E99551AE0CAC9E1112B2178">Grass-dependent Thysanoptera of the family Thripidae from Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="69498EBED1A8FBFBE4D96086DBD32C3B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8FE519A41D75ADD80820098B25A87D02">Mound, Laurence A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4814C64FADA7E163D328B3AC2681631E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2F6EF82BC516FB0A2BBC2C88BEF36EEC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="AD3AE5DE73BFC33D3CAA479BE1D20694">
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<mods:date id="444B340027C28499E9F7FA524D0CCB47">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="D48DB4346744BEAFE63FC0DC7DB83FA3" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="9F40804966AB3E87E03C11C4078B9602">3064</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="59B46678BC8101DEF0D808EC0C1FD7CA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6D0ADD301ECDF2777CF094746941F5BA" type="CLB-Dataset">46148</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7F08D369F206217E00F16156F6AD6221" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.200567</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CE9ECB52D4FE53C67A0F103A941B2F7C" type="GBIF-Dataset">dbb812a3-60dd-4f6f-bb48-9e2ce120221a</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="692897BE5029123B6A9BB61F9A50B881" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A5AC27B729CAD77350585F108879C4A1" type="Zenodo-Dep">200567</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F81587F0FFB0767AFF40FEE7FED16E5D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6190203" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119419797" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6190203" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F81587F0FFB0767AFF40FEE7FED16E5D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F81587F0FFB0767AFF40FEE7FED16E5D" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection id="38A6656DFFB0767AFF40FEE7FED16E5D" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="700336E6FFB0767AFF40FEE7FE296C46" blockId="21.[151,392,331,358]" box="[151,392,331,358]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<heading id="2B4B818AFFB0767AFF40FEE7FE296C46" bold="true" box="[151,392,331,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="B7BC4D65FFB0767AFF40FEE7FE296C46" ID-CoL="62YN9" authority="Haliday" authorityName="Haliday" box="[151,392,331,358]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Limothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="42C8EAF4FFB0767AFF40FEE7FE296C46" bold="true" box="[151,392,331,358]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="42C8EAF4FFB0767AFF40FEE7FEBC6C45" bold="true" box="[151,285,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Limothrips</emphasis>
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Haliday
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="700336E6FFB0767AFF40FE39FED16E5D" blockId="21.[151,1437,402,894]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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This is a European genus that includes eight species, although two of these are of doubtful validity. A key to the six species that can be recognised is provided by zur Strassen (2003), and three of these are recorded from southern
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<collectingCountry id="08AB7676FFB0767AFF40FE71FEA06CD1" box="[151,257,474,498]" name="Australia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Australia</collectingCountry>
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. The biology of these thrips is unusual amongst grass-living
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<taxonomicName id="B7BC4D65FFB0767AFC67FE71FB816CD1" box="[944,1056,474,498]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Thripidae</taxonomicName>
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, in that
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<taxonomicName id="B7BC4D65FFB0767AFBADFE70FB546CD0" box="[1146,1269,475,499]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Limothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="42C8EAF4FFB0767AFBADFE70FB546CD0" box="[1146,1269,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Limothrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species apparently feed both on the leaves and in the florets of grasses.
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<bibRefCitation id="142D4B17FFB0767AFCCBFE55FC136F35" author="Lewis" box="[796,946,510,534]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Lewis, T. (1959) The annual cycle of Limothrips cerealium Haliday (Thysanoptera) and its distribution in a wheat field. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 2, 187 - 203." type="journal article" year="1959">Lewis (1959)</bibRefCitation>
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indicated that
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<taxonomicName id="B7BC4D65FFB0767AFB80FDABFB426F35" box="[1111,1251,510,535]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Limothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerealium">
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<emphasis id="42C8EAF4FFB0767AFB80FDABFB426F35" box="[1111,1251,510,535]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">L. cerealium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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oviposits in leaf sheaths, and feeds on very young leaves, and
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<bibRefCitation id="142D4B17FFB0767AFD41FD88FCF46F19" box="[662,853,546,571]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Rao, S, Alderman, S. & Murphy, A. (2010) Floret-infesting thrips in grass seed crops: crop host range and seed loss. Seed Technology, 32, 26 - 36." type="journal article">
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Rao
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<emphasis id="42C8EAF4FFB0767AFD1CFD8FFCA26F18" box="[715,771,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al.</emphasis>
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(2010)
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</bibRefCitation>
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stated that adults and larvae of this species move to the florets and feed on the developing embryo. However, there is no evidence that these thrips feed on grass pollen. Damage by
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<taxonomicName id="B7BC4D65FFB0767AFEC8FDC7FE0C6FA0" box="[287,429,619,643]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Limothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerealium">
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<emphasis id="42C8EAF4FFB0767AFEC8FDC7FE0C6FA0" box="[287,429,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">L. cerealium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to the developing seeds of wheat and barley can make these unsuitable for brewing beer. Known as thunderflies in northern Europe, the large numbers of adults that appear in summer storms (
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<bibRefCitation id="142D4B17FFB0767AFAC0FD25FA346F85" author="Kirk" box="[1303,1429,654,678]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Kirk, W. D. J. (2004). The link between cereal thrips and thunderstorms. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 39, 131 - 136." type="journal article" year="2004">Kirk, 2004</bibRefCitation>
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) can cause problems by entering and triggering smoke detectors in buildings (
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<bibRefCitation id="142D4B17FFB0767AFBD7FD19FB336FE9" author="Lewis" box="[1024,1170,690,714]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Lewis, T. (1997) Flight and dispersal, 175 - 196 in Thrips as Crop Pests [ed Lewis, T] CAB International, Wallingford, U. K. 740 pp." type="book chapter" year="1997">Lewis, 1997</bibRefCitation>
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). Two other
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<taxonomicName id="B7BC4D65FFB0767AFAF6FD18FA3D6FE8" box="[1313,1436,691,715]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Limothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="42C8EAF4FFB0767AFAF6FD18FA3D6FE8" box="[1313,1436,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Limothrips</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species occur in southern
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<collectingCountry id="08AB7676FFB0767AFE12FD7DFD8E6FCD" box="[453,559,726,750]" name="Australia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, but these are less common than
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<taxonomicName id="B7BC4D65FFB0767AFC60FD7DFB876FCD" box="[951,1062,726,750]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Limothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerealium">
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<emphasis id="42C8EAF4FFB0767AFC60FD7DFB876FCD" box="[951,1062,726,750]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">cerealium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. They are readily distinguished, because in
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<taxonomicName id="B7BC4D65FFB0767AFECAFD57FE6F6E30" box="[285,462,763,787]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Limothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulicornis">
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<emphasis id="42C8EAF4FFB0767AFECAFD57FE6F6E30" box="[285,462,763,787]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">L. angulicornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the second antennal segment has the apical external margin prolonged into tooth, whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="B7BC4D65FFB0767AFEC1FC8BFE136E15" box="[278,434,798,823]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Limothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denticornis">
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<emphasis id="42C8EAF4FFB0767AFEC1FC8BFE136E15" box="[278,434,798,823]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">L. denticornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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it is the third segment that is thus prolonged. Although all three of these species feed and breed on the leaves and in the florets of grasses and cereals, in
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<collectingCountry id="08AB7676FFB0767AFC88FCE9FC676E79" box="[863,966,834,858]" name="Australia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Australia</collectingCountry>
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they have been found only on introduced species of
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<taxonomicName id="B7BC4D65FFB0767AFEDAFCCCFECC6E5D" box="[269,365,871,894]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |