290 lines
34 KiB
XML
290 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1130-79" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C525797A12CE5FF6AF35DD3628B5F2B2" ID-ZooBank="57F636A8D488446F9210CBFA33A78998" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1130-79" checkinTime="1668727489642" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Maddison, Wayne P., Ruiz, Gustavo R. S., Ng, Paul Y. C., Vishnudas, Ettukandathil Haridas & Sudhikumar, Ambalaparambil V." docDate="2022" docId="D17BFBBFFF655C8E8C34D2410514F2C6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1130: 79-102" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1130" docPubDate="2022-11-17" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730" docTitle="Kelawakaju leucomelas Maddison & Ng 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="F7326873-F2B9-4DF7-8C0B-C0F6A20522B7" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="C525797A12CE5FF6AF35DD3628B5F2B2" lastPageNumber="79" masterDocId="C525797A12CE5FF6AF35DD3628B5F2B2" masterDocTitle="Kelawakaju gen. nov., a new Asian lineage of marpissine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Marpissina)" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="79" pageNumber="79" updateTime="1668727489642" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Kelawakaju gen. nov., a new Asian lineage of marpissine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Marpissina)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Maddison, Wayne P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4953-4575</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Departments of Zoology and Botany and Beaty Biodiversity Museum, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, V 6 T 1 Z 4, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">wmaddisn@mail.ubc.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ruiz, Gustavo R. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto de Cie ̂ ncias Biolo ́ gicas, Universidade Federal do Para ́, Rua Augusto Corre ̂ a, 01, CEP 66075 - 110, Bele ́ m, PA, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ng, Paul Y. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>205 River Valley Road, # 16 - 53, Singapore 238274, Singapore</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Vishnudas, Ettukandathil Haridas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9289-5064</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Centre for Animal Taxonomy and Ecology, Department of Zoology, Christ College, Irinjalakuda, Kerala, 680 125, India</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sudhikumar, Ambalaparambil V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4479-4995</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Centre for Animal Taxonomy and Ecology, Department of Zoology, Christ College, Irinjalakuda, Kerala, 680 125, India</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-11-17</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1130</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>79</mods:start>
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<mods:end>102</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1130-79</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">57F636A8D488446F9210CBFA33A78998</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">C525797A12CE5FF6AF35DD3628B5F2B2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F7326873-F2B9-4DF7-8C0B-C0F6A20522B7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D17BFBBFFF655C8E8C34D2410514F2C6" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="79" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/F7326873-F2B9-4DF7-8C0B-C0F6A20522B7" authority="Maddison & Ng" authorityName="Maddison & Ng" authorityYear="2022" family="Salticidae" genus="Kelawakaju" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kelawakaju leucomelas" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" rank="species" species="leucomelas" status="sp. nov.">Kelawakaju leucomelas Maddison & Ng</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="79">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="79" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 10–15" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 10 - 15. Carapaces of Kelawakaju males 10 K. mulu holotype 11 K. intexta holotype 12 K. singapura holotype 13 K. frenata from Guangxi, Dongxing 14 K. leucomelas holotype 15 K. sahyadri holotype. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures10-15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771008" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Figs 14</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 46–72" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 46 - 72. Kelawakaju frenata species group, genitalia 46 - 54 K. frenata 46 male from Dongxing, palp, ventral 47 same, retrolateral 48 same, dorsal 49 male from Hong Kong, embolus, ventral 50 Simon's (1901 a) figure, reversed 51 female d 224 from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 52 second female from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 53 same, vulva, ventral 54 same, dorsal 55 - 63 K. leucomelas 55 holotype male palp, ventral 56 same, retrolateral 57 same, embolus, oblique 58 paratype male JK 13.12.10.0001, embolus, oblique 59 male JK. 19.08.18.0010, embolus, oblique 60 same, palp, retrolateral 61 same, ventral 62 female paratype JK. 20.11.13.0001, epigyne, ventral 63 same, vulva, dorsal 64 - 72 K. sahyadri 64 holotype male, palp, ventral 65 same, retrolateral 66 same, embolus, oblique 67 paratype male from Kerala, embolus, oblique 68 same, ventral 69 same, palp, ventral 70 same, retrolateral 71 paratype female AS 19.4934 epigyne, ventral 72 same vulva, dorsal. Oblique views of embolus are between ventral and prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures46-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771013" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">, 55-63</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 79–81" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 79 - 81. Kelawakaju leucomelas 79 - 80 male from the type locality 81 female from same locality. Photographs © Chris Ang 2021. Specimens not examined microscopically; inferred as K. leucomelas by appearance and locality." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures79-81" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771015" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">, 79-81</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="79" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Holotype</emphasis>
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: male (JK.20.11.13.003) in LKCNHM from Singapore: Lorong Pang Sua
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<geoCoordinate degrees="1.3833" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="1.3833">1.3833°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="103.7567" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="103.7567">103.7567°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 13 xi 2020, J.K.H. Koh & P. Y. C. Ng.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: Two females (JK.20.11.13.0001 and JK.20.11.13.0002) with same data as holotype. One male (JK.13.12.10.0001) from Singapore: Pulau Tekong,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="1.4072" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="1.4072">1.4072°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="104.0283" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="104.0283">104.0283°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 10 December 2013, J.K.H. Koh.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="79" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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Refers to the longitudinal bands of white scales (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">leuco</emphasis>
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, Greek for white) on either side of the body contrasting against the black median (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">melas</emphasis>
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, Greek for black), formed not as an adjective but more simply as the two colours themselves (and thus without an expectation of agreement with the genus name).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="79" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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Carapace wider and ocular quadrangle shorter (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 10–15" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 10 - 15. Carapaces of Kelawakaju males 10 K. mulu holotype 11 K. intexta holotype 12 K. singapura holotype 13 K. frenata from Guangxi, Dongxing 14 K. leucomelas holotype 15 K. sahyadri holotype. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures10-15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771008" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">14</figureCitation>
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) than in other species. Embolus differs in shape from that of the similar
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="K. sahyadri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sahyadri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">K. sahyadri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: embolus tip with retrolateral flange more distinct and larger (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 46–72" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 46 - 72. Kelawakaju frenata species group, genitalia 46 - 54 K. frenata 46 male from Dongxing, palp, ventral 47 same, retrolateral 48 same, dorsal 49 male from Hong Kong, embolus, ventral 50 Simon's (1901 a) figure, reversed 51 female d 224 from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 52 second female from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 53 same, vulva, ventral 54 same, dorsal 55 - 63 K. leucomelas 55 holotype male palp, ventral 56 same, retrolateral 57 same, embolus, oblique 58 paratype male JK 13.12.10.0001, embolus, oblique 59 male JK. 19.08.18.0010, embolus, oblique 60 same, palp, retrolateral 61 same, ventral 62 female paratype JK. 20.11.13.0001, epigyne, ventral 63 same, vulva, dorsal 64 - 72 K. sahyadri 64 holotype male, palp, ventral 65 same, retrolateral 66 same, embolus, oblique 67 paratype male from Kerala, embolus, oblique 68 same, ventral 69 same, palp, ventral 70 same, retrolateral 71 paratype female AS 19.4934 epigyne, ventral 72 same vulva, dorsal. Oblique views of embolus are between ventral and prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures46-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771013" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">55</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 46–72" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 46 - 72. Kelawakaju frenata species group, genitalia 46 - 54 K. frenata 46 male from Dongxing, palp, ventral 47 same, retrolateral 48 same, dorsal 49 male from Hong Kong, embolus, ventral 50 Simon's (1901 a) figure, reversed 51 female d 224 from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 52 second female from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 53 same, vulva, ventral 54 same, dorsal 55 - 63 K. leucomelas 55 holotype male palp, ventral 56 same, retrolateral 57 same, embolus, oblique 58 paratype male JK 13.12.10.0001, embolus, oblique 59 male JK. 19.08.18.0010, embolus, oblique 60 same, palp, retrolateral 61 same, ventral 62 female paratype JK. 20.11.13.0001, epigyne, ventral 63 same, vulva, dorsal 64 - 72 K. sahyadri 64 holotype male, palp, ventral 65 same, retrolateral 66 same, embolus, oblique 67 paratype male from Kerala, embolus, oblique 68 same, ventral 69 same, palp, ventral 70 same, retrolateral 71 paratype female AS 19.4934 epigyne, ventral 72 same vulva, dorsal. Oblique views of embolus are between ventral and prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures46-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771013" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">57-59</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 46–72" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 46 - 72. Kelawakaju frenata species group, genitalia 46 - 54 K. frenata 46 male from Dongxing, palp, ventral 47 same, retrolateral 48 same, dorsal 49 male from Hong Kong, embolus, ventral 50 Simon's (1901 a) figure, reversed 51 female d 224 from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 52 second female from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 53 same, vulva, ventral 54 same, dorsal 55 - 63 K. leucomelas 55 holotype male palp, ventral 56 same, retrolateral 57 same, embolus, oblique 58 paratype male JK 13.12.10.0001, embolus, oblique 59 male JK. 19.08.18.0010, embolus, oblique 60 same, palp, retrolateral 61 same, ventral 62 female paratype JK. 20.11.13.0001, epigyne, ventral 63 same, vulva, dorsal 64 - 72 K. sahyadri 64 holotype male, palp, ventral 65 same, retrolateral 66 same, embolus, oblique 67 paratype male from Kerala, embolus, oblique 68 same, ventral 69 same, palp, ventral 70 same, retrolateral 71 paratype female AS 19.4934 epigyne, ventral 72 same vulva, dorsal. Oblique views of embolus are between ventral and prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures46-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771013" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">61</figureCitation>
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), and prolateral edge of embolus curves abruptly to the distal to make the embolus appear more erect (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 46–72" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 46 - 72. Kelawakaju frenata species group, genitalia 46 - 54 K. frenata 46 male from Dongxing, palp, ventral 47 same, retrolateral 48 same, dorsal 49 male from Hong Kong, embolus, ventral 50 Simon's (1901 a) figure, reversed 51 female d 224 from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 52 second female from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 53 same, vulva, ventral 54 same, dorsal 55 - 63 K. leucomelas 55 holotype male palp, ventral 56 same, retrolateral 57 same, embolus, oblique 58 paratype male JK 13.12.10.0001, embolus, oblique 59 male JK. 19.08.18.0010, embolus, oblique 60 same, palp, retrolateral 61 same, ventral 62 female paratype JK. 20.11.13.0001, epigyne, ventral 63 same, vulva, dorsal 64 - 72 K. sahyadri 64 holotype male, palp, ventral 65 same, retrolateral 66 same, embolus, oblique 67 paratype male from Kerala, embolus, oblique 68 same, ventral 69 same, palp, ventral 70 same, retrolateral 71 paratype female AS 19.4934 epigyne, ventral 72 same vulva, dorsal. Oblique views of embolus are between ventral and prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures46-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771013" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">55</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 46–72" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 46 - 72. Kelawakaju frenata species group, genitalia 46 - 54 K. frenata 46 male from Dongxing, palp, ventral 47 same, retrolateral 48 same, dorsal 49 male from Hong Kong, embolus, ventral 50 Simon's (1901 a) figure, reversed 51 female d 224 from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 52 second female from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 53 same, vulva, ventral 54 same, dorsal 55 - 63 K. leucomelas 55 holotype male palp, ventral 56 same, retrolateral 57 same, embolus, oblique 58 paratype male JK 13.12.10.0001, embolus, oblique 59 male JK. 19.08.18.0010, embolus, oblique 60 same, palp, retrolateral 61 same, ventral 62 female paratype JK. 20.11.13.0001, epigyne, ventral 63 same, vulva, dorsal 64 - 72 K. sahyadri 64 holotype male, palp, ventral 65 same, retrolateral 66 same, embolus, oblique 67 paratype male from Kerala, embolus, oblique 68 same, ventral 69 same, palp, ventral 70 same, retrolateral 71 paratype female AS 19.4934 epigyne, ventral 72 same vulva, dorsal. Oblique views of embolus are between ventral and prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures46-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771013" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">61</figureCitation>
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). Long brush of white hairs projecting prolaterally from male palp tibia is lacking (present in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="K. frenata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frenata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">K. frenata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="K. sahyadri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sahyadri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">K. sahyadri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). In the specimens we have, the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="body’s">body's</normalizedToken>
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white side bands are more distinct than in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="K. frenata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frenata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">K. frenata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="K. sahyadri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sahyadri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">K. sahyadri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and the posterior legs more uniform coloured, lacking distinct annulate markings.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="79" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Male</emphasis>
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(based on holotype). Carapace length 3.6, width 2.6; abdomen length 4.2.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Carapace</emphasis>
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: Relatively flat, broad, depressed around fovea. Integument black to dark brown, clothed loosely with white scales in two broad longitudinal bands along sides, below and behind PME. Below these bands, thorax is black, without marginal white scales.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Clypeus</emphasis>
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very narrow, dark, with some black hairs.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Chelicerae</emphasis>
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diverging, projecting forward slightly, with a bulge anteriolaterally (as in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="K. frenata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frenata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">K. frenata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–9" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 9. Chelicerae of Kelawakaju species 2 - 4 oblique view with carapace 5 - 9 ventral view 2 K. mulu male holotype 3 K. intexta male holotype 4 K. frenata male from Guangxi 5 K. mulu male holotype 6 K. intexta male holotype 7 K. singapura male holotype 8 K. frenata male from Guangxi 9 K. frenata female from Guangxi. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures2-9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771007" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">4</figureCitation>
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, but more prominent). Bulge covered with hair-bearing tubercles. Dark brown to black, with narrow and dense line of white scales appearing as an inverted V (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 79–81" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 79 - 81. Kelawakaju leucomelas 79 - 80 male from the type locality 81 female from same locality. Photographs © Chris Ang 2021. Specimens not examined microscopically; inferred as K. leucomelas by appearance and locality." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures79-81" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771015" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">79</figureCitation>
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). Two promarginal and one triangular retromarginal teeth, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="K. frenata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frenata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">K. frenata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–9" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 9. Chelicerae of Kelawakaju species 2 - 4 oblique view with carapace 5 - 9 ventral view 2 K. mulu male holotype 3 K. intexta male holotype 4 K. frenata male from Guangxi 5 K. mulu male holotype 6 K. intexta male holotype 7 K. singapura male holotype 8 K. frenata male from Guangxi 9 K. frenata female from Guangxi. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures2-9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771007" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Palp</emphasis>
|
||
dark brown. Patella and distal part of femur clothed with long white hairs and a few white scales. Embolus erect, with retrolateral flange separated from the tip by a distinct cleft (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 46–72" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 46 - 72. Kelawakaju frenata species group, genitalia 46 - 54 K. frenata 46 male from Dongxing, palp, ventral 47 same, retrolateral 48 same, dorsal 49 male from Hong Kong, embolus, ventral 50 Simon's (1901 a) figure, reversed 51 female d 224 from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 52 second female from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 53 same, vulva, ventral 54 same, dorsal 55 - 63 K. leucomelas 55 holotype male palp, ventral 56 same, retrolateral 57 same, embolus, oblique 58 paratype male JK 13.12.10.0001, embolus, oblique 59 male JK. 19.08.18.0010, embolus, oblique 60 same, palp, retrolateral 61 same, ventral 62 female paratype JK. 20.11.13.0001, epigyne, ventral 63 same, vulva, dorsal 64 - 72 K. sahyadri 64 holotype male, palp, ventral 65 same, retrolateral 66 same, embolus, oblique 67 paratype male from Kerala, embolus, oblique 68 same, ventral 69 same, palp, ventral 70 same, retrolateral 71 paratype female AS 19.4934 epigyne, ventral 72 same vulva, dorsal. Oblique views of embolus are between ventral and prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures46-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771013" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">57-59</figureCitation>
|
||
). Endite subrectangular, with no projection, dark brown.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: First pair dark except tarsus, slightly paler, with some patches of white scales and hairs (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 79–81" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 79 - 81. Kelawakaju leucomelas 79 - 80 male from the type locality 81 female from same locality. Photographs © Chris Ang 2021. Specimens not examined microscopically; inferred as K. leucomelas by appearance and locality." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures79-81" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771015" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">79</figureCitation>
|
||
). Remaining legs medium brown, lightly dusted with white scales, without annulate markings. Length of femur I 2.7, II 1.9, III 1.6, IV 2.0; patella + tibia I 4.1, II 2.4, III 2.0, IV 2.9; metatarsus + tarsus I 2.4, II 1.6, III 1.7, IV 2.0. Leg spination reduced: femur I d1-1-0, p0-2-0, II d1-1-0, p0-0-1, III d1-1-1, p0-0-1, IV d1-1-0, 0; patella I-IV 0; tibia I v2-2-2 (asymmetrical), II v1r-1r-1p, III v0-0-1p, IV 0; metatarsus I-II v2-2, III v0-0-1p, IV v0-0-1p.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
narrow and long, dark above except for band of white scales on either side, continuing the longitudinal band of the carapace (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 79–81" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 79 - 81. Kelawakaju leucomelas 79 - 80 male from the type locality 81 female from same locality. Photographs © Chris Ang 2021. Specimens not examined microscopically; inferred as K. leucomelas by appearance and locality." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures79-81" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771015" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">81</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures79-81" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771015" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" start="Figures 79–81" startId="F10">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Figures 79-81.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maddison & Ng" authorityYear="2022" family="Salticidae" genus="Kelawakaju" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kelawakaju leucomelas" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" rank="species" species="leucomelas">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Kelawakaju leucomelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">79-80</emphasis>
|
||
male from the type locality
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">81</emphasis>
|
||
female from same locality. Photographs © Chris Ang 2021. Specimens not examined microscopically; inferred as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="K. leucomelas" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucomelas">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">K. leucomelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by appearance and locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(based on paratype JK.20.11.13.0001). Carapace length 3.2, width 2.4; abdomen length 4.3.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Carapace</emphasis>
|
||
: As in male, but narrower.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Clypeus</emphasis>
|
||
as in male.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Chelicerae</emphasis>
|
||
with bulge and tubercles, but less prominent than in male. Dark, with black setae. Two promarginal and one unident retromarginal tooth, similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="K. frenata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frenata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">K. frenata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–9" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 9. Chelicerae of Kelawakaju species 2 - 4 oblique view with carapace 5 - 9 ventral view 2 K. mulu male holotype 3 K. intexta male holotype 4 K. frenata male from Guangxi 5 K. mulu male holotype 6 K. intexta male holotype 7 K. singapura male holotype 8 K. frenata male from Guangxi 9 K. frenata female from Guangxi. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures2-9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771007" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: First pair of legs medium brown; posterior legs honey-brown, without annulate markings. Length of femur I 1.9, II 1.6, III 1.4, IV 1.7; patella + tibia I 2.7, II 1.9, III 1.7, IV 2.5; metatarsus + tarsus I 1.6, II 1.3, III 1.4, IV 1.9. Leg spination reduced: femur I d1-0-0, p0-2-0, II d1-1-0, p0-0-1, III d1-1-0, p0-0-1, r0-0-1, IV d1-1-0, r0-0-1; patella I-IV 0; tibia I v2-2-2 (asymmetrical), II v1r-1r-1p, III 0, IV 0; metatarsus I-II v2-2, III v0-0-1p, IV v0-0-1p.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
narrow, long, dark medially but with pale longitudinal bands on either side.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Epigyne</emphasis>
|
||
with two crescent shaped openings posteriomedial to a pale desclerotized area (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 46–72" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 46 - 72. Kelawakaju frenata species group, genitalia 46 - 54 K. frenata 46 male from Dongxing, palp, ventral 47 same, retrolateral 48 same, dorsal 49 male from Hong Kong, embolus, ventral 50 Simon's (1901 a) figure, reversed 51 female d 224 from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 52 second female from Dongxing, epigyne, ventral 53 same, vulva, ventral 54 same, dorsal 55 - 63 K. leucomelas 55 holotype male palp, ventral 56 same, retrolateral 57 same, embolus, oblique 58 paratype male JK 13.12.10.0001, embolus, oblique 59 male JK. 19.08.18.0010, embolus, oblique 60 same, palp, retrolateral 61 same, ventral 62 female paratype JK. 20.11.13.0001, epigyne, ventral 63 same, vulva, dorsal 64 - 72 K. sahyadri 64 holotype male, palp, ventral 65 same, retrolateral 66 same, embolus, oblique 67 paratype male from Kerala, embolus, oblique 68 same, ventral 69 same, palp, ventral 70 same, retrolateral 71 paratype female AS 19.4934 epigyne, ventral 72 same vulva, dorsal. Oblique views of embolus are between ventral and prolateral. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures46-72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771013" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">62</figureCitation>
|
||
). (Although this specimen has the openings more medial than shown for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="K. sahyadri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sahyadri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">K. sahyadri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, another female of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="K. leucomelas" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucomelas">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">K. leucomelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, JK.20.11.13.0002, has them placed much as in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="K. sahyadri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sahyadri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">K. sahyadri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.87730.figures82-89" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771016" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" start="Figures 82–89" startId="F11">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Figures 82-89.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vishnudas, Maddison, & Sudhikumar" authorityYear="2022" family="Salticidae" genus="Kelawakaju" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kelawakaju sahyadri" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="79" rank="species" species="sahyadri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Kelawakaju sahyadri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">82-85</emphasis>
|
||
male holotype AS19.4895
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">86-88</emphasis>
|
||
female paratype AS19.4934
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="79">89</emphasis>
|
||
female paratype from Kerala.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="79" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-08-18" collectorName="P. Y. C. Ng" country="MALAYSIA" county="Male" latitude="1.7872" location="Kota Tinggi" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="103.9425" municipality="Bahru" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Johor">
|
||
<collectingCounty>Male</collectingCounty>
|
||
(JK.19.08.18.0010) in LKCNHM from
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Malaysia">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Malaysia" name="Johor">Johor</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Bahru</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D17BFBBFFF655C8E8C34D2410514F2C6:2AF6C978BDDDA52672D0E3CBD7E932B0" country="MALAYSIA" county="Male" latitude="1.7872" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="103.9425" municipality="Bahru" name="Kota Tinggi" stateProvince="Johor">Kota Tinggi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D17BFBBFFF655C8E8C34D2410514F2C6:D20FBD216C1017A40F9EE38EC2B1F38A" country="MALAYSIA" county="Male" latitude="1.7872" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="103.9425" municipality="Bahru" name="Panti Recreational Forest" stateProvince="Johor">Panti Recreational Forest</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1.7872" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="1.7872">1.7872°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="103.9425" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="103.9425">103.9425°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2019-08-18">18 August 2019</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P.Y.C. Ng</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="79" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="79">Approximately ten adult and juvenile specimens were seen on tree bark at the type locality, including the holotype. The male from Kota Tinggi was found on tree bark in a sunny area near the entrance of Panti Recreational Forest.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |