165 lines
18 KiB
XML
165 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" ID-GBIF-Dataset="43b6b64a-b86b-4c0b-afcc-229ccecb6e16" ID-PMC="PMC3690914" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-288-1" ID-PubMed="23798897" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-288-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 288" ModsDocTitle="Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)" checkinTime="1451247431953" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Reemer, Menno & Stahls, Gunilla" docDate="2013" docId="A19A6BDCEF1C881B53190E9012E02D2B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 288: 1-213" docOrigin="ZooKeys 288" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095" docTitle="Serichlamys Curran, stat. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="66" masterDocId="582E2572FFD0FFB3884E8864FFF1A15A" masterDocTitle="Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)" masterLastPageNumber="213" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1668155636847" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Generic revision and species classification of the Microdontinae (Diptera, Syrphidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Reemer, Menno</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Stahls, Gunilla</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>288</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>213</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.288.4095</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-288-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152042616" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A19A6BDCEF1C881B53190E9012E02D2B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A19A6BDCEF1C881B53190E9012E02D2B" lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<subSubSection pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Serichlamys" authority="Curran" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys" order="Diptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Serichlamys Curran</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="63" pageNumber="64">stat. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 364-376
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys" order="Diptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Serichlamys</taxonomicName>
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Curran, 1925a: 50. Type species:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Aphritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphritis rufipes" order="Diptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">Aphritis rufipes</taxonomicName>
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Macquart, 1842: 71, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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Body length: 7-13 mm. Small to medium-sized flies, black, brownish or metallic green, with moderately short to long antennae and oval abdomen. Head about as wide as thorax or slightly wider. Face convex; about as wide as an eye or narrower. Lateral oral margins not produced. Vertex flat. Occiput ventrally narrow, dorsally wid
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<pageBreakToken pageId="64" pageNumber="65" start="start">ened</pageBreakToken>
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. Eye bare or pilose. Eye margins in male converging at level of frons, with mutual distance two to four times as large as width of antennal fossa. Antennal fossa about as wide as high. Antenna shorter to longer than distance between antennal fossa and anterior oral margin; basoflagellomere shorter to longer than scape, oval or slightly sickle-shaped with swollen base, with rounded apex; bare. Postpronotum pilose. Scutellum semicircular; with narrow, elongated calcars, often quite parallel and with small mutual distance, sometimes dorsoventrally flattened. Anepisternum weakly sulcate; pilose anteriorly and posteriorly, widely bare ventrally and medially. Anepimeron entirely pilose. Katepimeron convex; smooth or with wrinkled texture; bare. Wing: vein R4+5 with posterior appendix; vein M1 perpendicular to vein R4+5; postero-apical corner of cell r4+5 rectangular or weakly rounded, always with small appendix; crossvein r-m located between basal 1/5 to 1/3 of cell dm. Abdomen oval, about 1.5 to 2 times as long as wide. Tergites 3 and 4 fused. Sternite 1 pilose or bare. Male genitalia: phallus furcate, with furcation point near apex; hypandrium with basal part bulb-like; epandrium without ventrolateral ridge.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Vein R4+5 with posterior appendix. Abdomen oval. Vertex flat. Occiput dorsally (slightly) widened. Postpronotum pilose. Scutellum with calcars. Postero-apical corner of cell r4+5 rectangular, with small appendix. Proepimeron pilose. Anepisternum widely bare medially, also on dorsal half. Anepimeron entirely pilose. Male genitalia: phallus furcate near apex.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<bibRefCitation author="Curran, CH" journalOrPublisher="Kansas University Science Bulletin" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="7 - 26" title="Contribution to a monograph of the American Syrphidae north of Mexico." volume="15" year="1925 a">Curran (1925a)</bibRefCitation>
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erected
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Serichlamys</taxonomicName>
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as a subgenus of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdon</taxonomicName>
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, but subsequent authors considered
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Serichlamys</taxonomicName>
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as a synonym of the typic subgenus of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdon</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Wirth et al. 1965</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Thompson, FC" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="725 - 758" title="Revisionary notes on Nearctic Microdon flies (Diptera: Syrphidae)." volume="83" year="1981 b">Thompson 1981b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Cheng, X-Y" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="21 - 48" title="A generic conspectus of the Microdontinae (Diptera: Syrphidae) with the description of two new genera from Africa and China." volume="1879" year="2008">Cheng and Thompson 2008</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation author="Curran, CH" journalOrPublisher="Kansas University Science Bulletin" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="7 - 26" title="Contribution to a monograph of the American Syrphidae north of Mexico." volume="15" year="1925 a">Curran (1925a)</bibRefCitation>
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did not clearly state which characters he considered diagnostic. In his key, Curran keyed out the type species
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon rufipes" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">Microdon rufipes</taxonomicName>
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(Macquart, 1842) by its eyes being pilose, which was based on a translation of the original description of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Aphritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphritis rufipes" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">Aphritis rufipes</taxonomicName>
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. Indeed,
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<bibRefCitation author="Macquart, J" journalOrPublisher="Tome second. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" title="Dipteres exotiques nouveaux et peu connus." year="1842">Macquart (1842)</bibRefCitation>
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wrote that this species has 'yeux peu
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<normalizedToken originalValue="velus’">velus'</normalizedToken>
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(eyes little pilose). However, examination of the type specimen (coll. OUMNH) revealed that its eyes are bare. Either pile have been wiped off or eroded in the course of time, or
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<bibRefCitation author="Macquart, J" journalOrPublisher="Tome second. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" title="Dipteres exotiques nouveaux et peu connus." year="1842">Macquart (1842)</bibRefCitation>
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made an error in his description. Whether
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Aphritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aphritis rufipes" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">Aphritis rufipes</taxonomicName>
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has pilose eyes or not,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Serichlamys</taxonomicName>
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is here recognized as distinct as all included species differ in other characters from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdon</taxonomicName>
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s.s., e.g. postero-apical corner of cell r4+5 rectangular (rounded in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdon</taxonomicName>
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s.s.), phallus furcate apically, hypandrium with bulb-like base.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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The differences with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdon</taxonomicName>
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s.s. could be used as arguments for reinstating the subgeneric status of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Serichlamys</taxonomicName>
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. However, a subgeneric status is contradicted by the phylogenetic results of
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<bibRefCitation pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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Reemer and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ståhls">Stahls</normalizedToken>
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(in press)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, who recovered two Neotropical species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Serichlamys</taxonomicName>
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as sister group to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Archimicrodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Archimicrodon" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Archimicrodon</taxonomicName>
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, without apparent close affinities to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdon</taxonomicName>
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. The type species
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys rufipes" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">Serichlamys rufipes</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys scutifer" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutifer">Serichlamys scutifer</taxonomicName>
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(Knab, 1917) were included in a phylogenetic analysis based only on morphology, and placed in a large and rather uninformative polytomy, but not within a clade containing species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Microdon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microdon" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microdon</taxonomicName>
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s.s. For this reason,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Serichlamys</taxonomicName>
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is here raised to genus level.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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Three Nearctic species are included in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Serichlamys</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys rufipes" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">Serichlamys rufipes</taxonomicName>
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(Macquart, 1842),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys scutifer" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutifer">Serichlamys scutifer</taxonomicName>
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(Knab, 1917), and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys diversipilosus" order="Diptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diversipilosus">Serichlamys diversipilosus</taxonomicName>
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(Curran, 1925). The latter species is included
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<pageBreakToken pageId="65" pageNumber="66" start="start">with</pageBreakToken>
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uncertainty, based only on the description, as no specimens were examined. Two Neotropical species are included:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys mitis" order="Diptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mitis">Serichlamys mitis</taxonomicName>
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(Curran, 1940) and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys mus" order="Diptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mus">Serichlamys mus</taxonomicName>
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(Curran, 1936). The Neotropical species differ from the Nearctic ones in the shape of the surstylus, which has a long posterior process which is lacking in the Nearctic species. Otherwise the species are very similar. Species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys" order="Diptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Serichlamys</taxonomicName>
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quite similar to the Old World genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Archimicrodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Archimicrodon" order="Diptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Archimicrodon</taxonomicName>
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in general habitus and important morphological characters, including the male genitalia. Generally, the antennae of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serichlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Serichlamys" order="Diptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Serichlamys</taxonomicName>
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-species are longer and the scutellar calcars are longer.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Diversity and distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Described species: 4 or 5. Nearctic (2 or 3 described species) and Neotropical (2 described species). Several undescribed species from the Neotropical regioan are known to the first author.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |