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<document id="EBE4B701C1A438F588A7771D89291535" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3904.4.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fa11cea5-49f4-46df-b76d-f46a53e5b27b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="234390" ID-ZooBank="08A27285-F812-43C3-B120-D4BDDB5629D5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460890977613" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Valerio, Alejandro A. &amp; Shaw, Scott R." docDate="2015" docId="9354F21542525E4DFF21FE06FA6BFEC5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03904p540.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3904 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Triraphis melasops Valerio, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="85F370AF-DE6D-44BD-B50F-F65C870394D0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="524" masterDocId="6F6D8A6D42445E5AFFB6FFBEFFFCFF85" masterDocTitle="Thirteen new Costa Rican species belonging to the genus Triraphis Ruthe (Braconidae: Rogadinae) with their host records" masterLastPageNumber="540" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="523" updateTime="1698359630465" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="4F663B2A16072477393C4880EACACAAD">Thirteen new Costa Rican species belonging to the genus Triraphis Ruthe (Braconidae: Rogadinae) with their host records</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="1E72FAC53AB7648D9E922653B850EFF4" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B8E055C31B1912DF1782C18844C97FE6">Valerio, Alejandro A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A54A0F2FE5E94C18E102888F359C9A9E">Shaw, Scott R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9246F9F1B865EC0E34B123E15639BD68">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BB73D8C926247B519C6F92906ECD8F11">2015</mods:date>
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<treatment id="9354F21542525E4DFF21FE06FA6BFEC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6105576" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119587044" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6105576" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:85F370AF-DE6D-44BD-B50F-F65C870394D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9354F21542525E4DFF21FE06FA6BFEC5" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<subSubSection id="53E7108842525E4CFF21FE06FE8BFE76" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1B42430342525E4CFF21FE06FDB7FE57" blockId="22.[151,587,440,499]" box="[151,587,440,466]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<heading id="400AF46F42525E4CFF21FE06FDB7FE57" bold="true" box="[151,587,440,466]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" reason="1">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFF21FE06FDB7FE57" bold="true" box="[151,587,440,466]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<taxonomicName id="DCFD388042525E4CFF21FE06FE1DFE57" authority="Valerio" authorityName="Valerio" box="[151,481,440,466]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Triraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melasops" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFF21FE06FE81FE57" bold="true" box="[151,381,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Triraphis melasops</emphasis>
Valerio
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="32BA226A42525E4CFE58FE06FDB7FE57" box="[494,587,440,466]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B42430342525E4CFF21FE64FE8BFE76" blockId="22.[151,587,440,499]" box="[151,375,474,499]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<figureCitation id="83C65F8642525E4CFF21FE64FEC7FE76" box="[151,315,474,499]" captionStart="FIGURE 59 64" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,375,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,375,1804]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 59 64. Triraphis melasops, 59, dorsal habitus; 60, lateral habitus; 61, mesosoma, dorsal view; 62, mesosoma, lateral view; 63, head, anterior view; 64, metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bar in millimeters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234401/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Figures 5964</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="83C65F8642525E4CFEF0FE65FE8FFE76" box="[326,371,475,499]" captionStart="FIGURE 101 108" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1978,2000]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,397,1948]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[154,1439,393,1975]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 101 108. Wing venation and wing pattern for: 101, Triraphis balteus; 102, T. fusciceps (Cresson); 103, T. chinusi; 104, T. guarusa; 105, T. cortazari; 106, T. ikelops; 107, T. defectus and 108, T. melasops." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234408/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">108</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53E7108842525E4CFF21FD9CFCCAF8A2" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="description">
<paragraph id="1B42430342525E4CFF21FD9CFE59FD4F" blockId="22.[151,1437,546,2011]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFF21FD9CFEDDFDBE" bold="true" box="[151,289,546,571]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Description</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFE84FD9CFDE1FDBE" box="[306,541,546,571]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Female. Body color:</emphasis>
Body yellow with antennal first 17 flagellomeres black as scape and pedicel; head dark brownish yellow/black as basal two segments of palpi, remainder yellow; second metasomal tergum whitish yellow. Fore wing: 1
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFE6CFDD2FE14FD06" box="[474,488,620,643]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523"></emphasis>
1A brownish yellow as M+CU distal 2/3, remainder yellow as C+SC+R; hind wing: union of veins 1M, r
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFE3EFD31FE6AFD23" box="[392,406,655,678]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523"></emphasis>
m, 2M brownish yellow, remainder yellow. Wings hyaline. Body length =
<quantity id="DC05EEE642525E4CFB41FD31FA9DFD23" box="[1271,1377,655,679]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.24" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" unit="mm" value="8.24">8.24 mm</quantity>
; fore wing length =
<quantity id="DC05EEE642525E4CFE8CFD0DFE5DFD4F" box="[314,417,691,715]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.33" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" unit="mm" value="7.33">7.33 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B42430342525E4CFF71FD68FCBBFC6E" blockId="22.[151,1437,546,2011]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFF71FD68FEF1FD6A" box="[199,269,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Head:</emphasis>
Head height/head length = 1.13; maximum height of compound eye/maximum width of compound eye = 1.55; distance between basal edges of tentorial pits and the basal area of toruli/Maximum width of face measured at dorsal edge of clypeus = 0.97; width of vertex/minimal distance between toruli and the medial ocellus = 2.0; width of oral opening/height of oral opening = 1.8; distance between tentorial pits =
<quantity id="DC05EEE642525E4CFBD2FCFDFB31FCDF" box="[1124,1229,835,859]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" unit="mm" value="0.27">0.27 mm</quantity>
; minimal distance between external edge of tentorial pits and compound eye =
<quantity id="DC05EEE642525E4CFCFEFCD9FC4DFCFB" box="[840,945,871,895]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" unit="mm" value="0.14">0.14 mm</quantity>
. Antenna with more than 35 flagellomeres, all longer than wide; malar space as wide as basal width of mandible; occipital carina present and divided dorsally, not fused with hypostomal carina, clearly separated; median ocellus as big as Lateral ocellus; space between lateral ocellus black; ocell-ocular distance 1/3 Lateral ocellus width.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B42430342525E4CFF71FC49FC12FA8E" blockId="22.[151,1437,546,2011]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFF71FC49FEB4FB8B" box="[199,328,1015,1038]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Mesosoma:</emphasis>
Length of mesosoma in dorsal view/width of mesosoma = 2.88; height of mesosoma =
<quantity id="DC05EEE642525E4CFA86FC48FA64FB8B" box="[1328,1432,1014,1039]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.76" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" unit="mm" value="1.76">1.76 mm</quantity>
; propleuron dorso-lateral area basally with defined colliculate sculpturing, remainder nitid; notauli punctulate, less defined medially; medial longitudinal pit present, deep and without longitudinal punctate sculpturing; remainder mesonotum nitid; sternauli with finely close striate sculpturing present, union with prepectal carina absent, area below with less defined colliculate sculpturing; mesopleuron immaculate except dorso-lateral area with few rugose sculpturing present; metapleuron granulate, ventral edge with rugose sculpturing present; propodeum with confused colliculate sculpturing, carinae absent except lateral areas of propodeum with a small segment of longitudinal carina; areola absent as ventral tubercles; spiracles sub-circular.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B42430342525E4CFF71FAA9FC87FAAB" blockId="22.[151,1437,546,2011]" box="[199,891,1302,1327]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFF71FAA9FF00FAAB" box="[199,252,1303,1326]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Legs</emphasis>
: basal lobe of hind tarsal claws elongate and acute at tip.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B42430342525E4CFF71FA82FCDEFA1E" blockId="22.[151,1437,546,2011]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFF71FA82FEEFFAD6" box="[199,275,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Wings:</emphasis>
fore wing: 1Cub/RS+Ma = 1.12; 3RSa/1RS = 3.56; pterostigma length/width = 2.75; r =
<quantity id="DC05EEE642525E4CFB4FFA85FA9CFAD7" box="[1273,1376,1339,1363]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" unit="mm" value="0.41">0.41 mm</quantity>
. hind wing: 1M/r
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFEA0FAE1FED8FAF3" box="[278,292,1375,1398]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523"></emphasis>
m = 2.31; 1A/cu
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFE6BFAE1FE17FAF3" box="[477,491,1375,1398]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523"></emphasis>
a = 1.73; m+cu =
<quantity id="DC05EEE642525E4CFD03FAE1FCE0FAF3" box="[693,796,1375,1399]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.07" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" unit="mm" value="1.07">1.07 mm</quantity>
; m+cu interstitial with 2RS; 2RS straight; angle at union of veins 2RS
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFE91FA3AFEC9FA1E" box="[295,309,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523"></emphasis>
2M acute; pterostigma yellow and elongate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B42430342525E4CFF71FA19FDC5F93E" blockId="22.[151,1437,546,2011]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFF71FA19FEB9FA3B" box="[199,325,1447,1470]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Metasoma:</emphasis>
Length of first metasomal tergum/width of first metasomal tergum = 1.39; length of second metasomal tergum/width of second metasomal tergum = 0.84; length of third metasomal tergum/width of third metasomal tergum = 0.34; basal width of first metasomal tergum =
<quantity id="DC05EEE642525E4CFC77FA50FBD2F983" box="[961,1070,1518,1543]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" unit="mm" value="0.56">0.56 mm</quantity>
; hypopygium =
<quantity id="DC05EEE642525E4CFB45FA51FA9CF983" box="[1267,1376,1519,1543]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" unit="mm" value="0.78">0.78 mm</quantity>
. first metasomal tergum dorso
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFE1AF9AAFE46F9AE" box="[428,442,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523"></emphasis>
basal triangular area of first metasomal tergum close with carinae present, medial carina cristate; first metasomal tergum lineate sculpturing more spaced than second metasomal tergum sculpturing; third metasomal tergum lineate sculpturing finer, closer, denser and less conspicuous than second metasomal tergum sculpturing, not reaching third metasomal tergum distal 1/3; fourth metasomal tergum without fine lineate sculpturing at lateral areas of tergum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B42430342525E4CFF71F978FE79F95A" blockId="22.[151,1437,546,2011]" box="[199,389,1734,1759]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFF71F978FEFDF95A" box="[199,257,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Male</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B42430342525E4CFF71F954FCCAF8A2" blockId="22.[151,1437,546,2011]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFF71F954FE77F886" bold="true" box="[199,395,1770,1795]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
Female
<typeStatus id="C446FDA142525E4CFE93F954FE77F886" box="[293,395,1770,1795]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="63EA039342525E4CFE2FF955FDEAF886" box="[409,534,1770,1795]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, Guanacaste, ACG, P.N. Santa Rosa, sector Horizontes, Vado Río Esteron,
<date id="6F4365C342525E4CFAEDF954FF2EF8A2" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" value="1995-06-17">17/vi/ 1995</date>
, Col. D.H. Janzen.
<typeStatus id="C446FDA142525E4CFE1DF8B0FDEFF8A2" box="[427,531,1806,1831]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
deposited at the RMSEL.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53E7108842525E4CFF71F88CFDD2F8EA" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="1B42430342525E4CFF71F88CFDD2F8EA" blockId="22.[151,1437,546,2011]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFF71F88CFEA5F8CE" bold="true" box="[199,345,1842,1867]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Distribution</emphasis>
. The altitudinal distribution of this species is Pacific lowlands. The
<typeStatus id="C446FDA142525E4CFBD6F88DFB6CF8CE" box="[1120,1168,1843,1867]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">type</typeStatus>
of forest present at site of collecting was tropical dry forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53E7108842525E4CFF71F8C4FEC1F832" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="1B42430342525E4CFF71F8C4FEC1F832" blockId="22.[151,1437,546,2011]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFF71F8C4FEDCF816" bold="true" box="[199,288,1914,1939]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Biology</emphasis>
. Specimen reared from
<taxonomicName id="DCFD388042525E4CFDE7F8C2FC23F816" box="[593,991,1914,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Limacodidae" genus="Vipsania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosabella">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFDE7F8C2FCD7F816" box="[593,811,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Vipsania rosabella</emphasis>
(Limacodidae)
</taxonomicName>
feeding on
<taxonomicName id="DCFD388042525E4CFBC9F8C4FEC5F832" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Thouinidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="decandrum">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFBC9F8C4FA60F816" box="[1151,1436,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Thouinidium decandrum</emphasis>
(Sapindaceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53E7108842525E4DFF71F87CFD45FE98" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="1B42430342525E4DFF71F87CFD45FE98" blockId="22.[151,1437,546,2011]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
<emphasis id="29899F1142525E4CFF71F87CFEB4F85E" bold="true" box="[199,328,1986,2011]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Comments</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="C446FDA142525E4CFEE3F87CFE41F85E" box="[341,445,1986,2011]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
specimen with antennae broken; fore wing basal 1/3 with a light yellow color; basal area of notauli nitid. Similar to
<taxonomicName id="DCFD388042535E4DFE76FF27FDBFFF35" box="[448,579,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Triraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ikelosops">
<emphasis id="29899F1142535E4DFE76FF27FDBFFF35" box="[448,579,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">T. ikelosops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DCFD388042535E4DFDE7FF27FD34FF35" box="[593,712,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Triraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="defectus">
<emphasis id="29899F1142535E4DFDE7FF27FD34FF35" box="[593,712,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">T. defectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="DCFD388042535E4DFD48FF27FCABFF35" box="[766,855,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Triraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="willei">
<emphasis id="29899F1142535E4DFD48FF27FCABFF35" box="[766,855,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">T. willei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the head light brown, the acute angle at union of veins 2RS
<emphasis id="29899F1142535E4DFEB8FF03FEE0FF51" box="[270,284,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524"></emphasis>
2M and the union of veins 1M, r
<emphasis id="29899F1142535E4DFD18FF03FD40FF51" box="[686,700,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524"></emphasis>
m, 2M brownish yellow, but can be identified by the ratio of measurements of the first metasomal tergum (length/width) for been bigger than 1.0x, the carinae and granulate or colliculate sculpturing on propodeum are absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53E7108842535E4DFF71FE99FA6BFEC5" box="[199,1431,295,320]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="1B42430342535E4DFF71FE99FA6BFEC5" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,320]" box="[199,1431,295,320]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
<emphasis id="29899F1142535E4DFF71FE99FEBBFEC5" bold="true" box="[199,327,295,320]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">Etymology</emphasis>
. This species is named for the black and dark brown head; “
<taxonomicName id="DCFD388042535E4DFC5AFE99FBA8FEC5" box="[1004,1108,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Triraphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melasops">
<emphasis id="29899F1142535E4DFC5AFE99FBA8FEC5" box="[1004,1108,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">melasops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” in Greek means black face.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>