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<document id="41A514E9775289EDE9EAB594EDEAC1E4" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.604.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8181674" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1690274020251" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Piwowarczyk, Renata, Pedraja, Óscar Sánchez, Khutsishvili, Manana &amp; Kharazishvili, Davit" docDate="2023" docId="5464813DFFEEFFE1FF67A9E46379F92B" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.604.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 604 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.604.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.3:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Orobanche javakhetica Piwow., O. Sanchez &amp; Moreno Mor. 2018" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="87" masterDocId="A85DF945FFBBFFB7FFEFA97A677FFFC0" masterDocTitle="Holoparasitic Orobanchaceae in Georgia (Caucasus): taxonomic revision, diversity, distribution, habitats and host range" masterLastPageNumber="103" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="86" updateTime="1690275515186" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="76D504CF2F7A4BD49380E390DBC7D891">Holoparasitic Orobanchaceae in Georgia (Caucasus): taxonomic revision, diversity, distribution, habitats and host range</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A51EF761947A1FB68FABEEA032973E9C">Piwowarczyk, Renata</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="234CA18F6C0EA3670ECD044F6402888C">* Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 7 Uniwersytecka St., 25 - 406 Kielce, Poland; renata. piwowarczyk @ ujk. edu. pl; renka 76 @ wp. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0507 - 7835</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="12DA7A9A9901437218842C9C462F8AF4">Pedraja, Óscar Sánchez</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5FD96B39871B15267100E53DDF2E6B19">E- 39722 Liérganes (Cantabria), Spain; osanchez @ farmalierganes. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4383 - 4588</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="94796A4552C8F6A23E5BFCB1949B9E35" type="email">osanchez@farmalierganes.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7D297C3848A7697F9B93D9EBFB3C420E">Khutsishvili, Manana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="09B8DC24590ABDE3D201D08BF57CF712">National Herbarium of Georgia, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia; mananakhuts @ yahoo. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7404 - 9574</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6AA9A3DA32842BEA4F5F6955557D7C82" type="email">mananakhuts@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="5EFCA2B4E997C65F959C72191673F747">Kharazishvili, Davit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E009AADBA94FE9EF077F082D856CC1AC">* Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 7 Uniwersytecka St., 25 - 406 Kielce, Poland; renata. piwowarczyk @ ujk. edu. pl; renka 76 @ wp. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0507 - 7835 &amp; Batumi Botanical Garden, 6411, Batumi, Mtsvane Kontskhi, Georgia; davit. kharazishvili @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9254 - 9954 * author for correspondence &amp; * Center for Research and Conservation of Biodiversity, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, 7 Uniwersytecka St., 25 - 406 Kielce, Poland; renata. piwowarczyk @ ujk. edu. pl; renka 76 @ wp. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0507 - 7835</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="AA852B26DF1996F3452001111F08D29B">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="365633652B2CA7B88CFAF640CE1CAFA0">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="A08870304B66F0755D166AF5861F17B3" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.604.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FFD8D814EAB5D1967C28BFBF8BF8CB29" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<paragraph id="DC72302BFFEEFFE2FF67A9E4663EFEC0" blockId="85.[136,1452,158,256]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEEFFE2FF67A9E467D4FF78" bold="true" box="[136,171,158,184]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEEFFE2FF56A9E4633BFF78" ID-CoL="757SC" ID-ENA="2707121" authority="Piwow., O. Sanchez &amp; Moreno Mor. (2018 b: 137)" authorityName="Piwow., O. Sanchez &amp; Moreno Mor." authorityPageNumber="137" authorityYear="2018" box="[185,1092,158,187]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" genus="Orobanche" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="javakhetica">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEEFFE2FF56A9E466B2FF79" bold="true" box="[185,461,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Orobanche javakhetica</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="6CA53A76FFEEFFE2FE34A9E4633BFF78" box="[475,1092,158,187]" collectingDate="2017-07-22" collectionCode="KTC" collectorName="R. Piwowarczyk" country="Armenia" location="Ghazanchi" municipality="Type" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Shirak" typeStatus="holotype">Piwow., Ó. Sánchez &amp; Moreno Mor. (2018b: 137)</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="3C16AA51FFEEFFE2FBBAA9E463F1FF78" box="[1109,1166,158,184]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Type</collectingMunicipality>
:—
<collectingCountry id="A4DA70BBFFEEFFE2FB41A9E4624DFF78" box="[1198,1330,158,184]" name="Armenia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">ARMENIA</collectingCountry>
(
<typeStatus id="03768E89FFEEFFE2FAA7A9E462D3FF78" box="[1352,1452,158,184]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">holotype</typeStatus>
designated by
<bibRefCitation id="B85C4DDAFFEEFFE2FEC3A9B865EDFF1C" author="Piwowarczyk, R. &amp; Sanchez Pedraja, O. &amp; Moreno Moral, G. &amp; Denysenko-Bennett, M. &amp; Goralski, G. &amp; Kwolek, D." box="[300,658,194,220]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="135 - 144" refId="ref81578" refString="Piwowarczyk, R., Sanchez Pedraja, O., Moreno Moral, G., Denysenko-Bennett, M., Goralski, G. &amp; Kwolek, D. (2018 b) Orobanche javakhetica (Orobanchaceae): a new species from the Caucasus (Armenia). Phytotaxa 360 (2): 135 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 360.2.5" type="journal article" year="2018">
Piwowarczyk
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEEFFE2FE22A9B96579FF1C" box="[461,518,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
2018b: 137
</bibRefCitation>
):
<collectingRegion id="1E09FEC9FFEEFFE2FD48A9B86449FF1D" box="[679,822,194,221]" country="Armenia" name="Shirak" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Shirak prov.</collectingRegion>
: E of village
<location id="D91266F0FFEEFFE2FC21A9B86336FF1C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5464813DFFEEFFE1FF67A9E46379F92B:D91266F0FFEEFFE2FC21A9B86336FF1C" box="[974,1097,194,220]" country="Armenia" municipality="Type" name="Ghazanchi" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" stateProvince="Shirak">Ghazanchi</location>
,
<date id="A87316EBFFEEFFE2FBBAA9B86394FF1C" box="[1109,1259,194,220]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2017-07-22">
<collectingDate id="B837EF03FFEEFFE2FBBAA9B86394FF1C" box="[1109,1259,194,220]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2017-07-22">22 July 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEEFFE2FB18A9B962D4FF1C" box="[1271,1451,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<collectorName id="713855FDFFEEFFE2FB18A9B962D4FF1C" box="[1271,1451,194,220]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">R. Piwowarczyk</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(KTC!).
<figureCitation id="44F62CAEFFEEFFE2FF05A99C6643FEC0" box="[234,316,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="85.[136,229,1838,1860]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,285,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-53@85.[150,1435,284,1814]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 60. Orobanche javakhetica. AC. General habit. DF. Flower, side view. G. Flower, front view. H, J. Representative habitat (Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti prov., Ushguli to Mt. Shkhara, slopes of Enguri river valley). IJ. Host. Stachys macrantha. Photos by R. Piwowarczyk." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8181810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8181810/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="88B260A3FFEEFFE2FF67AE54666DF84D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8181810" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8181810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8181810/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" startId="85.[136,229,1838,1860]" targetBox="[151,1433,285,1813]" targetPageId="85" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="DC72302BFFEEFFE2FF67AE54666DF84D" blockId="85.[136,1452,1838,1933]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEEFFE2FF67AE546673F883" bold="true" box="[136,268,1838,1860]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">FIGURE 60.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEEFFE2FEFCAE55668BF884" box="[275,500,1839,1860]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" genus="Orobanche" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="javakhetica">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEEFFE2FEFCAE55668BF884" box="[275,500,1839,1860]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Orobanche javakhetica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. AC. General habit. DF. Flower, side view. G. Flower, front view. H, J. Representative habitat (Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti prov., Ushguli to Mt. Shkhara, slopes of Enguri river valley). IJ. Host.
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEEFFE2FB8DAE296263F8A8" box="[1122,1308,1875,1896]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Stachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrantha">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEEFFE2FB8DAE296263F8A8" box="[1122,1308,1875,1896]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Stachys macrantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Photos by R. Piwowarczyk.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="94D763A0FFEEFFE2FF67AEC16530F7DD" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="description">
<paragraph id="DC72302BFFEEFFE2FF67AEC16530F7DD" blockId="85.[136,1451,1979,2078]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEEFFE2FF67AEC166F9F815" bold="true" box="[136,390,1979,2005]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">General distribution:</emphasis>
—Probably endemic to the Caucasus, described from
<collectingCountry id="A4DA70BBFFEEFFE2FC36AEC16344F815" box="[985,1083,1979,2005]" name="Armenia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Armenia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B85C4DDAFFEEFFE2FBA6AEC1620FF815" author="Piwowarczyk, R. &amp; Sanchez Pedraja, O. &amp; Moreno Moral, G. &amp; Denysenko-Bennett, M. &amp; Goralski, G. &amp; Kwolek, D." box="[1097,1392,1979,2006]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="135 - 144" refId="ref81578" refString="Piwowarczyk, R., Sanchez Pedraja, O., Moreno Moral, G., Denysenko-Bennett, M., Goralski, G. &amp; Kwolek, D. (2018 b) Orobanche javakhetica (Orobanchaceae): a new species from the Caucasus (Armenia). Phytotaxa 360 (2): 135 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 360.2.5" type="journal article" year="2018">
Piwowarczyk
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEEFFE2FB06AEC66265F815" box="[1257,1306,1979,2005]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al</emphasis>
. 2018b
</bibRefCitation>
), and recently found in
<collectingCountry id="A4DA70BBFFEEFFE2FEBCAEA566CFF839" box="[339,432,2015,2041]" name="Georgia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Georgia</collectingCountry>
. In 2018, a large population (over 200 individuals) was found in
<collectingCountry id="A4DA70BBFFEEFFE2FB78AEA5638BF839" box="[1175,1268,2015,2041]" name="Georgia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Georgia</collectingCountry>
, Svaneti region, near Ushguli (
<bibRefCitation id="B85C4DDAFFEEFFE2FEC9A179653BF7DD" author="Piwowarczyk, R. &amp; Sanchez Pedraja, O. &amp; Moreno Moral, G. &amp; Fayvush, G. &amp; Zakaryan, N. &amp; Kartashyan, N. &amp; Aleksanyan, A." box="[294,580,2051,2077]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref81737" refString="Piwowarczyk, R., Sanchez Pedraja, O., Moreno Moral, G., Fayvush, G., Zakaryan, N., Kartashyan, N. &amp; Aleksanyan, A. (2019) Holoparasitic Orobanchaceae (Cistanche, Diphelypaea, Orobanche, Phelipanche) in Armenia: distribution, habitats, host range and taxonomic problems. Phytotaxa 386 (1): 1 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 386.1.1" type="journal article" year="2019">
Piwowarczyk
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEEFFE2FE27A17E657FF7DD" box="[456,512,2051,2077]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="94D763A0FFEDFFE1FF52A9E46304FBDC" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="DC72302BFFEDFFE1FF52A9E462D3FF78" blockId="86.[136,1452,158,220]" box="[189,1452,158,185]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FF52A9E46626FF78" bold="true" box="[189,345,158,184]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Distribution:</emphasis>
—Single localities in
<collectingRegion id="1E09FEC9FFEDFFE1FDBDA9E464CAFF79" box="[594,949,158,185]" country="Georgia" name="Samegrelo and Zemo Svaneti" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti prov.</collectingRegion>
, and needs confirmation in
<collectingRegion id="1E09FEC9FFEDFFE1FB1CA9E462F1FF79" box="[1267,1422,158,185]" country="Georgia" name="Kakheti" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Kakheti prov.</collectingRegion>
in
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC72302BFFEDFFE1FF67A9B866F6FF1C" blockId="86.[136,1452,158,220]" box="[136,393,194,220]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
Tusheti distr. (
<figureCitation id="44F62CAEFFEDFFE1FEC6A9B86603FF1C" box="[297,380,194,220]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="86.[136,229,956,978]" captionTargetBox="[150,1434,248,932]" captionTargetId="figure-39@86.[150,1435,248,932]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 61. Distribution of Orobanche javakhetica in Georgia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8181812" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8181812/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="88B260A3FFEDFFE1FF67AAC66589FC13" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8181812" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8181812" box="[136,758,956,979]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8181812/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" startId="86.[136,229,956,978]" targetBox="[150,1434,248,932]" targetPageId="86" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="DC72302BFFEDFFE1FF67AAC66589FC13" blockId="86.[136,758,956,979]" box="[136,758,956,979]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FF67AAC66676FC12" bold="true" box="[136,265,956,978]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">FIGURE 61.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FE4CAAC765FCFC12" box="[419,643,957,978]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" genus="Orobanche" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="javakhetica">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FE4CAAC765FCFC12" box="[419,643,957,978]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Orobanche javakhetica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Georgia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="DC72302BFFEDFFE1FF52AD7B6304FBDC" blockId="86.[136,1452,1025,1772]" box="[189,1147,1025,1052]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FF52AD7B665CFBDB" bold="true" box="[189,291,1025,1051]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Habitat:</emphasis>
—In
<collectingCountry id="A4DA70BBFFEDFFE1FEB2AD7B66C5FBDB" box="[349,442,1025,1051]" name="Georgia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Georgia</collectingCountry>
, in subalpine meadows, rocky slopes, usually at
<quantity id="1B359DCEFFEDFFE1FC36AD7B6308FBDC" box="[985,1143,1025,1052]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="2400.0" valueMax="2600.0" valueMin="2200.0">22002600 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="94D763A0FFEDFFE1FF52AD5F6379F92B" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="DC72302BFFEDFFE1FF52AD5F66C6FB47" blockId="86.[136,1452,1025,1772]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FF52AD5F6675FBFF" bold="true" box="[189,266,1061,1087]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Hosts:</emphasis>
—In
<collectingCountry id="A4DA70BBFFEDFFE1FEA6AD5F66D9FBFF" box="[329,422,1061,1087]" name="Georgia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Georgia</collectingCountry>
, parasitic on
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FDA6AD5F6485FBFF" authority="(K. Koch) Stearn" authorityName="Stearn" baseAuthorityName="K. Koch" box="[585,1018,1061,1087]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Stachys" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrantha">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FDA6AD5F645CFBFF" box="[585,803,1061,1087]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Stachys macrantha</emphasis>
(K. Koch) Stearn
</taxonomicName>
[syn.
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FBA6AD5C62DAFBFF" authority="K. Koch" authorityName="K. Koch" box="[1097,1445,1061,1088]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Betonica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrantha">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FBA6AD5C624DFBFF" box="[1097,1330,1061,1087]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Betonica macrantha</emphasis>
K. Koch
</taxonomicName>
] (
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FF7FAD33666FFBA3" box="[144,272,1097,1123]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
). In
<collectingCountry id="A4DA70BBFFEDFFE1FED3AD3366DEFBA3" box="[316,417,1097,1123]" name="Armenia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Armenia</collectingCountry>
, it can also be parasitic on
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FD2BAD3364D1FBA3" box="[708,942,1097,1123]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Lomelosia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FD2BAD3364D1FBA3" box="[708,942,1097,1123]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Lomelosia caucasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FC52AD33627EFBA3" authority="M. Bieb." authorityName="M. Bieb." box="[957,1281,1097,1124]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Scabiosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FC52AD3363E8FBA3" box="[957,1175,1097,1123]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Scabiosa caucasica</emphasis>
M. Bieb.
</taxonomicName>
] (
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FAFBAD3362DBFBA3" box="[1300,1444,1097,1123]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dipsacaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dipsacales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Dipsacaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="B85C4DDAFFEDFFE1FF60AD1766D2FB47" author="Piwowarczyk, R. &amp; Sanchez Pedraja, O. &amp; Moreno Moral, G. &amp; Fayvush, G. &amp; Zakaryan, N. &amp; Kartashyan, N. &amp; Aleksanyan, A." box="[143,429,1133,1160]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 106" refId="ref81737" refString="Piwowarczyk, R., Sanchez Pedraja, O., Moreno Moral, G., Fayvush, G., Zakaryan, N., Kartashyan, N. &amp; Aleksanyan, A. (2019) Holoparasitic Orobanchaceae (Cistanche, Diphelypaea, Orobanche, Phelipanche) in Armenia: distribution, habitats, host range and taxonomic problems. Phytotaxa 386 (1): 1 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 386.1.1" type="journal article" year="2019">
Piwowarczyk
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FEDEAD14661DFB47" box="[305,354,1133,1159]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC72302BFFEDFFE1FF52ADEB647FFB6B" blockId="86.[136,1452,1025,1772]" box="[189,768,1169,1195]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FF52ADEB663CFB6B" bold="true" box="[189,323,1169,1195]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Phenology:</emphasis>
—Flowering in July, fruiting in August.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC72302BFFEDFFE1FF52ADCF625BFAD7" blockId="86.[136,1452,1025,1772]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FF52ADCF66CDFB0F" bold="true" box="[189,434,1205,1231]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Conservation status:</emphasis>
—Endangered (EN) B 1 ab (iii) + 2 ab (iii). EOO is less than
<quantity id="1B359DCEFFEDFFE1FBBAADCF63C9FB0F" box="[1109,1206,1205,1232]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="km" value="5000.0">5000 km</quantity>
<superScript id="2BB89D63FFEDFFE1FB59ADCF63C1FB03" attach="left" box="[1206,1214,1205,1219]" fontSize="6" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">2</superScript>
, severely fragmented existing at no more than 5 localities (1 province), AOO is less than
<quantity id="1B359DCEFFEDFFE1FC97ADA364B2FB33" box="[888,973,1241,1268]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="km" value="500.0">500 km</quantity>
<superScript id="2BB89D63FFEDFFE1FC22ADA364AAFB27" attach="left" box="[973,981,1241,1255]" fontSize="6" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">2</superScript>
, severely fragmented, existing at no more than 5 localities (2 known). Subpopulations are usually numerous, but may be threatened by overgrazing.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC72302BFFEDFFE1FF52AC5B659EF9F7" blockId="86.[136,1452,1025,1772]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FF52AC5B6676FAFB" bold="true" box="[189,265,1313,1339]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Notes:</emphasis>
—In a recent phylogenetic study, we confirmed that
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FC97AC5B635FFAFB" box="[888,1056,1313,1339]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" genus="Orobanche" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="javakhetica">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FC97AC5B635FFAFB" box="[888,1056,1313,1339]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">O. javakhetica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct from the other studied species. ITS sequence does not resolve the position of
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FD03AC3F64EFFA9F" box="[748,912,1349,1375]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" genus="Orobanche" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="javakhetica">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FD03AC3F64EFFA9F" box="[748,912,1349,1375]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">O. javakhetica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within other
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FBC9AC3F6381FA9F" box="[1062,1278,1349,1375]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FBC9AC3F63DCFA9F" box="[1062,1187,1349,1375]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Orobanche</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, however, trees based on
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FF1FAC10661FFA43" box="[240,352,1386,1411]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">trnLtrnF</emphasis>
sequences show a common clade with
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FCFCAC1364F5FA43" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1798" box="[787,906,1385,1411]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" genus="Orobanche" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FCFCAC1364F5FA43" box="[787,906,1385,1411]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">O. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FC76AC1364CBFA43" box="[921,948,1385,1411]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">O.</emphasis>
subsect.
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FBF5AC1363FDFA43" box="[1050,1154,1385,1411]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Cruentae</emphasis>
Teryokhin) (
<bibRefCitation id="B85C4DDAFFEDFFE1FAFEAC13666AFA67" author="Piwowarczyk, R. &amp; Schneider, A. C. &amp; Goralski, G. &amp; Kwolek, D. &amp; Denysenko-Bennett, M. &amp; Burda, A. &amp; Ruraz, K. &amp; Joachimiak, A. J. &amp; Sanchez Pedraja, O." pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="165 - 94" refId="ref81892" refString="Piwowarczyk, R., Schneider, A. C., Goralski, G., Kwolek, D., Denysenko-Bennett, M., Burda, A., Ruraz, K., Joachimiak, A. J. &amp; Sanchez Pedraja, O. (2021 a) Phylogeny and historical biogeography analysis supports Caucasian and Mediterranean centres of origin of key holoparasitic Orobancheae (Orobanchaceae) lineages. PhytoKeys 174: 165 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / phytokeys. 174.62524" type="journal article" year="2021">
Piwowarczyk
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FF67ACF467BCFA67" box="[136,195,1421,1447]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">et al.</emphasis>
2021a
</bibRefCitation>
). Morphologically, there seems to be some similarity to the
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FC24ACF76499FA67" box="[971,998,1421,1447]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">O.</emphasis>
subsect.
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FBBDACF763B0FA67" box="[1106,1231,1421,1447]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" genus="Orobanche" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FBBDACF763B0FA67" box="[1106,1231,1421,1447]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Orobanche</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(subsect.
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FAAAACF762D3FA67" box="[1349,1452,1421,1447]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Galeatae</emphasis>
sensu Teryokhin) and
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FE69ACCB66DDFA0B" box="[390,418,1457,1483]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">O.</emphasis>
subsect.
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FDE1ACCB6509FA0B" box="[526,630,1457,1483]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Curvatae</emphasis>
(particularly with species of the
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FC1AACCB636FFA0B" box="[1013,1040,1457,1483]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">O.</emphasis>
ser.
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FBA6ACCB63A5FA0B" box="[1097,1242,1457,1483]" pageId="86" pageNumber="83" rank="series" series="Krylowianae">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FBA6ACCB63A5FA0B" box="[1097,1242,1457,1483]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Krylowianae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="B85C4DDAFFEDFFE1FB1CACCB6786FA2F" author="Piwowarczyk, R. &amp; Sanchez Pedraja, O. &amp; Moreno Moral, G. &amp; Denysenko-Bennett, M. &amp; Goralski, G. &amp; Kwolek, D." pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="135 - 144" refId="ref81578" refString="Piwowarczyk, R., Sanchez Pedraja, O., Moreno Moral, G., Denysenko-Bennett, M., Goralski, G. &amp; Kwolek, D. (2018 b) Orobanche javakhetica (Orobanchaceae): a new species from the Caucasus (Armenia). Phytotaxa 360 (2): 135 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 360.2.5" type="journal article" year="2018">
Piwowarczyk
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FA78ACC867DAFA2F" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">et al.</emphasis>
2018b
</bibRefCitation>
). Perhaps finding other new species related to
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FCFBACAF64C6FA2F" box="[788,953,1493,1519]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" genus="Orobanche" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="javakhetica">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FCFBACAF64C6FA2F" box="[788,953,1493,1519]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">O. javakhetica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
will be helpful in confirming more precise phylogenetic relationships of this species. The divergence time of this species is 2.4 Ma, and it is one of the oldest lineages of
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FEE6AF6766E2F9F7" authorityName="Teryokhin" authorityYear="1993" box="[265,413,1565,1591]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Orobanchaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="86" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Orobancheae">Orobancheae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B85C4DDAFFEDFFE1FE44AF6765ABF9F7" author="Piwowarczyk, R. &amp; Schneider, A. C. &amp; Goralski, G. &amp; Kwolek, D. &amp; Denysenko-Bennett, M. &amp; Burda, A. &amp; Ruraz, K. &amp; Joachimiak, A. J. &amp; Sanchez Pedraja, O." box="[427,724,1565,1591]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="165 - 94" refId="ref81892" refString="Piwowarczyk, R., Schneider, A. C., Goralski, G., Kwolek, D., Denysenko-Bennett, M., Burda, A., Ruraz, K., Joachimiak, A. J. &amp; Sanchez Pedraja, O. (2021 a) Phylogeny and historical biogeography analysis supports Caucasian and Mediterranean centres of origin of key holoparasitic Orobancheae (Orobanchaceae) lineages. PhytoKeys 174: 165 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / phytokeys. 174.62524" type="journal article" year="2021">
Piwowarczyk
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FDA2AF6465FAF9F7" box="[589,645,1565,1591]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">et al.</emphasis>
2021a
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC72302BFFEDFFE1FF52AF3B6379F92B" blockId="86.[136,1452,1025,1772]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FF52AF3B66BFF99B" bold="true" box="[189,448,1601,1627]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Specimens examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="6CA53A76FFEDFFE1FE32AF3B6354F9BF" collectingDate="1988-07-24" collectionCode="TBI" collectorName="D. Chelidze" country="Georgia" elevation="1750" location="Chigho" municipality="Tusheti distr." pageId="86" pageNumber="87" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kakheti">
<collectingCountry id="A4DA70BBFFEDFFE1FE32AF3B6521F99B" box="[477,606,1601,1627]" name="Georgia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">GEORGIA</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FD87AF3B6468F99B" bold="true" box="[616,791,1601,1627]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<collectingRegion id="1E09FEC9FFEDFFE1FD87AF3B646EF99B" box="[616,785,1601,1627]" country="Georgia" name="Kakheti" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Kakheti prov.</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="3C16AA51FFEDFFE1FCF1AF3B64CCF99B" box="[798,947,1601,1627]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Tusheti distr.</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="D91266F0FFEDFFE1FC50AF3B636BF99B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5464813DFFEEFFE1FF67A9E46379F92B:D91266F0FFEDFFE1FC50AF3B636BF99B" box="[959,1044,1601,1627]" country="Georgia" municipality="Tusheti distr." name="Chigho" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" stateProvince="Kakheti">Chigho</location>
, south slope,
<quantity id="1B359DCEFFEDFFE1FB40AF3B6233F99C" box="[1199,1356,1601,1628]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1700.0">
<elevation id="57E0D718FFEDFFE1FB40AF3B6233F99C" box="[1199,1356,1601,1628]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1700.0">17001800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="A87316EBFFEDFFE1FAB6AF3B67BCF9BF" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1988-07-24">
<collectingDate id="B837EF03FFEDFFE1FAB6AF3B67BCF9BF" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="1988-07-24">24 July 1988</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FF22AF1C662EF9BF" box="[205,337,1637,1663]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<collectorName id="713855FDFFEDFFE1FF22AF1C662EF9BF" box="[205,337,1637,1663]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">D. Chelidze</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="BADCA8EEFFEDFFE1FEB0AF1F66F0F9BF" box="[351,399,1637,1663]" country="Georgia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13117" name="Georgian Academy of Sciences" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="Herbarium">TBI</collectionCode>
) [badly preserved specimen, need confirmation in the field]
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="6CA53A76FFEDFFE1FBDAAF1F637DF92B" collectingDate="2018-07-24" collectingDateMax="2019-05-24" collectingDateMin="2018-07-24" collectionCode="KTC" collectorName="Ushguli NE &amp; R. Piwowarczyk &amp; M. Podsiedlik" country="Georgia" elevation="2400" latitude="43.08627" location="Enguri river" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="42.633366" municipality="Mt. Shkhara" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Samegrelo and Zemo Svaneti">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FBDAAF1F62D4F9BF" bold="true" box="[1077,1451,1637,1663]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<collectingRegion id="1E09FEC9FFEDFFE1FBDAAF1F62D9F9BF" box="[1077,1446,1637,1663]" country="Georgia" name="Samegrelo and Zemo Svaneti" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti prov.</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectorName id="713855FDFFEDFFE1FF67AFF36673F964" box="[136,268,1673,1700]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ushguli NE</collectorName>
to
<collectingMunicipality id="3C16AA51FFEDFFE1FEDFAFF066C2F963" box="[304,445,1673,1700]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Mt. Shkhara</collectingMunicipality>
, subalpine meadows, slopes of
<location id="D91266F0FFEDFFE1FCF3AFF364DBF963" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5464813DFFEEFFE1FF67A9E46379F92B:D91266F0FFEDFFE1FCF3AFF364DBF963" box="[796,932,1673,1699]" country="Georgia" latitude="43.08627" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="42.633366" municipality="Mt. Shkhara" name="Enguri river" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" stateProvince="Samegrelo and Zemo Svaneti">Enguri river</location>
valley,
<geoCoordinate id="B9F956ECFFEDFFE1FC15AFF363F5F964" box="[1018,1162,1673,1700]" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" precision="15" seconds="53" value="42.948055">42°5653N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B9F956ECFFEDFFE1FB7AAFF3625DF964" box="[1173,1314,1673,1700]" degrees="43" direction="east" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" precision="15" seconds="59" value="43.066387">43°0359E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="1B359DCEFFEDFFE1FAC2AFF367DFF908" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="2400.0" valueMax="2600.0" valueMin="2200.0">
<elevation id="57E0D718FFEDFFE1FAC2AFF367DFF908" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="2400.0" valueMax="2600.0" valueMin="2200.0">22002600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="A87316EBFFEDFFE1FF44AFD76643F907" box="[171,316,1709,1735]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2018-07-24">
<collectingDate id="B837EF03FFEDFFE1FF44AFD76643F907" box="[171,316,1709,1735]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2018-07-24">24 July 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FEAAAFD46688F907" box="[325,503,1709,1735]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<collectorName id="713855FDFFEDFFE1FEAAAFD46688F907" box="[325,503,1709,1735]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">R. Piwowarczyk</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="BADCA8EEFFEDFFE1FDEAAFD7653CF907" box="[517,579,1709,1735]" country="Poland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13845" name="Pedagogical University" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="Herbarium">KTC</collectionCode>
);
<locationDeviation id="CDC02909FFEDFFE1FDBAAFD46593F907" box="[597,748,1709,1736]" location="Mazeri" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">NE of Mazeri</locationDeviation>
vil., subalpine rocky slope,
<geoCoordinate id="B9F956ECFFEDFFE1FBCDAFD763BDF908" box="[1058,1218,1709,1736]" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="5" orientation="latitude" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" precision="1" seconds="10.58" value="43.08627">43°510.58”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B9F956ECFFEDFFE1FB22AFD76216F907" box="[1229,1385,1709,1735]" degrees="42" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" precision="1" seconds="0.11" value="42.633366">42°380.11”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="1B359DCEFFEDFFE1FA9CAFD767DFF92C" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="2400.0">
<elevation id="57E0D718FFEDFFE1FA9CAFD767DFF92C" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="m" value="2400.0">2400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="A87316EBFFEDFFE1FF43AFAB663BF92B" box="[172,324,1745,1772]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2019-05-24">
<collectingDate id="B837EF03FFEDFFE1FF43AFAB663BF92B" box="[172,324,1745,1772]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2019-05-24">24 May 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FEA0AFA86695F92B" box="[335,490,1745,1771]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<collectorName id="713855FDFFEDFFE1FEA0AFA86695F92B" box="[335,490,1745,1771]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">M. Podsiedlik</collectorName>
</emphasis>
[phot. of dry specimen in
<taxonomicName id="1BCD4BA8FFEDFFE1FCFCAFAB64D7F92B" box="[787,936,1745,1771]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Betonica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrantha">
<emphasis id="EEB9EC39FFEDFFE1FCFCAFAB64D7F92B" box="[787,936,1745,1771]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">S. macrantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clump]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>