451 lines
66 KiB
XML
451 lines
66 KiB
XML
<document id="8CB0D0B2508BCD6DB47F2204E73ED206" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3918.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ba53936f-3697-49ce-9a95-c20efb7eb78c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="238077" ID-ZooBank="62DBC231-6F24-4A18-A88B-05612C55AC88" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460981800171" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Watling, Les" docDate="2015" docId="125BAA3B5756A56535C4F9C2AA4B2E50" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03918p249.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3918 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cladarisis nouvianae Watling, 2015, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="244" masterDocId="EE62D2435757A5603553FFB4AE432D68" masterDocTitle="A new genus of bamboo coral (Octocorallia: Isididae) from the Bahamas" masterLastPageNumber="249" masterPageNumber="239" pageNumber="240" updateTime="1698560244534" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D9ADF098837E16CB8353FC0F4FDFF3CB">
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<mods:title id="F497C306B701A1D1624DBBE5BA5603AB">A new genus of bamboo coral (Octocorallia: Isididae) from the Bahamas</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="871AC7924F805B9023AD929F5EBA46CB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="135492A3409CE773C7C1B77026A260FF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="050705F034061202AD5477C60645AE48">Watling, Les</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="649C1F4C5747537937CD10726B322C3B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6F7B0424758AA8F38BEFC809D25F5608">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2B2A1C5650797D03C8EB799FA94D35C9">3918</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="B5D5A1B09C872BF1448D06919CD47840">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C3EBC0C7DBB7FDFD552034EE7E3A6C6D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3918.2.5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="125BAA3B5756A56535C4F9C2AA4B2E50" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6105704" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119594568" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6105704" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:125BAA3B5756A56535C4F9C2AA4B2E50" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/125BAA3B5756A56535C4F9C2AA4B2E50" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="244" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
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<subSubSection id="D2E848A65756A56135C4F9C2AF5F2BDA" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5756A56135C4F9C2AC6D2BF8" blockId="1.[151,558,1654,1714]" box="[151,558,1654,1680]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
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<heading id="C105AC415756A56135C4F9C2AC6D2BF8" bold="true" box="[151,558,1654,1680]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="A886C73F5756A56135C4F9C2AC6D2BF8" bold="true" box="[151,558,1654,1680]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
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<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5756A56135C4F9C2AFD42BF8" box="[151,407,1654,1680]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Cladarisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nouvianae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="A886C73F5756A56135C4F9C2AFD42BF8" bold="true" box="[151,407,1654,1680]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Cladarisis nouvianae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B3B57A445756A56134CDF9C2AC6D2BF8" box="[414,558,1654,1680]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5756A56135C4F92DAF5F2BDA" blockId="1.[151,558,1654,1714]" box="[151,284,1689,1714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
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<figureCitation id="02C907A85756A56135C4F92DAF5F2BDA" box="[151,284,1689,1714]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1961,1983]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1548,1570]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,250,1907,1929]" captionStartId-3="6.[151,250,1688,1710]" captionStartId-4="7.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionStartId-5="8.[151,250,638,660]" captionStartId-6="8.[151,250,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox-0="[187,1397,306,1930]" captionTargetBox-1="[174,1435,197,1508]" captionTargetBox-2="[191,1397,885,1881]" captionTargetBox-3="[152,1433,193,1666]" captionTargetBox-4="[202,1384,193,1930]" captionTargetBox-5="[186,1403,202,613]" captionTargetBox-6="[160,1420,747,1768]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[181,1405,299,1939]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[165,1438,193,1517]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[184,1402,879,1884]" captionTargetId-3="figure@6.[152,1434,193,1666]" captionTargetId-4="figure@7.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetId-5="figure@8.[178,1410,193,616]" captionTargetId-6="figure@8.[158,1428,740,1776]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionTargetPageId-4="7" captionTargetPageId-5="8" captionTargetPageId-6="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp.: A, holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), whole colony in situ: B, specimen CAT 207 - 1, whole colony in situ." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype specimen YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), A, B, pieces of preserved material; C, piece of axis, cleaned and imaged with SEM; D, E, higher magnification views of sclerites showing the ultrastructure of the sclerite surface and tubercles." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype specimen YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), A – D, light microscope views of polyps; A – C, lateral view, D, view looking at dorsal surface showing sclerites at the base of infolded tentacles." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype specimen YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), sclerites of the polyp body." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), sclerites: A, B, from the pharynx; C, from the tentacle pinnules; D, from the tentacle rachis." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Polyp body and tentacle sclerite measurements from holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2) and CAT 207 - 1." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. A, light microscope view of dissected polyp from holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), ventral part of polyp removed to show pharynx and septa from ventral side. B, SEM view of the same polyp after critical point drying and sputter coating; C, close-up view of the hypopharynx (see Bayer & Muzik 1976); D, closeup view of spandrel or pendentive (see Gould 1997) between septa with multitoothed pharyngeal sclerites. Abbreviations: Sc, sclerites; Se, septa; H, hypopharynx; R, ring of tissue separating peristome from pharynx; T, tip of tentacle visible through pharyngeal tissue." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/238078/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/238079/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/238080/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/238081/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/238082/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/238083/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/238084/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Figures 1–7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D2E848A65756A56135C4F955AD582AE2" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5756A56135C4F955AD582AE2" blockId="1.[151,1436,1761,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
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<emphasis id="A886C73F5756A56135C4F955AFC32B92" bold="true" box="[151,384,1761,1786]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="4549A58F5756A56134D4F955AFAE2B92" box="[391,493,1761,1786]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="holotype">
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<emphasis id="A886C73F5756A56134D4F955AFAE2B92" box="[391,493,1761,1786]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Holotype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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: Collected off Rum Cay,
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<collectingCountry id="E2E55BBD5756A5613658F955AD242B92" box="[779,871,1761,1786]" name="Bahamas" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Bahama</collectingCountry>
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Islands,
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<geoCoordinate id="FFC67DEA5756A5613698F955AA2A2B92" box="[971,1129,1761,1786]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" precision="1" value="23.634594">23°38.0756'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="FFC67DEA5756A5613127F955AB542B92" box="[1140,1303,1761,1786]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" precision="1" value="-74.95366">74°57.2196'W</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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<quantity id="5D0AB6C85756A5613035F956AEEC2A75" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.117" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="m" value="1117.0">1117 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="EE4C3DED5756A56135EDF8B2AF372A76" box="[190,372,1797,1822]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" value="2009-03-24">24 March 2009</date>
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, specimen RUM 107-2,
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<collectionCode id="FCE383E85756A56137C5F8B2AC902A75" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34880" box="[662,723,1798,1821]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34880" name="Peabody Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">YPM</collectionCode>
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IZ 0 70870.
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<emphasis id="A886C73F5756A561363BF8B1AA502A76" box="[872,1043,1797,1822]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Other material</emphasis>
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: Off Cat Island,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E2E55BBD5756A561318CF8B1AB782A76" box="[1247,1339,1797,1822]" name="Bahamas" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Bahama</collectingCountry>
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Islands,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="FFC67DEA5756A56135C4F89EAF762A2A" box="[151,309,1834,1858]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" precision="1" value="24.149878">24°08.9927'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="FFC67DEA5756A5613414F89DAFAA2A2A" box="[327,489,1833,1858]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" precision="1" value="-75.20113">75°12.0680'W</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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<quantity id="5D0AB6C85756A5613714F89EACE62A29" box="[583,677,1834,1858]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2429999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" unit="m" value="1243.0">1243 m</quantity>
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,
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||
<date id="EE4C3DED5756A56137EBF89EAD372A2A" box="[696,884,1833,1858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" value="2009-03-21">21 March 2009</date>
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, specimen
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<collectionCode id="FCE383E85756A56136AEF89EAA712A2A" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14393" box="[1021,1074,1834,1858]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14393" name="Università di Catania" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">CAT</collectionCode>
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207-1 (most of the specimen deteriorated during storage, after sclerite examination and genetic analysis; small fragments exist in the lab of S.C.
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<collectingCountry id="E2E55BBD5756A56135C4F8C6AEA02AE1" box="[151,227,1906,1929]" name="France" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">France</collectingCountry>
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at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette,
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<collectingCountry id="E2E55BBD5756A5613781F8C6AD4C2AE2" box="[722,783,1906,1930]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">USA</collectingCountry>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D2E848A65756A5613594F821ACFB2AC6" box="[199,696,1941,1966]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5756A5613594F821ACFB2AC6" blockId="1.[151,1436,1761,2038]" box="[199,696,1941,1966]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
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<emphasis id="A886C73F5756A5613594F821AF792AC6" bold="true" box="[199,314,1941,1966]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. With the characters of the genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D2E848A65756A5623594F80DABDE2B6B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="241" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5756A5623594F80DADFB2C74" blockId="1.[151,1436,1761,2038]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,2036]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="241" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
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<emphasis id="A886C73F5756A5613594F80DAFA42ABA" bold="true" box="[199,487,1977,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">
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Description of
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<typeStatus id="4549A58F5756A5613429F80DAFA42ABA" box="[378,487,1977,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="240" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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. The colony is long and slender, sparsely branched, with branches emanating from nodes. The holdfast is very small, not much larger than the diameter of the axis (
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<figureCitation id="02C907A85756A5613173F869AA1C2A9E" box="[1056,1119,2013,2038]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1961,1983]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,306,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[181,1405,299,1939]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp.: A, holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), whole colony in situ: B, specimen CAT 207 - 1, whole colony in situ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238078/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="240">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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A). From the holdfast to the first branch point is about
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||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A5623499FF2CAC562DC7" box="[458,533,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
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, subsequent branches are spaced about
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||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A562368CFF2CAA1E2DC7" box="[991,1117,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="cm" value="11.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="9.0">9 to 14 cm</quantity>
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apart, with one interbranch distance of
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||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A5623444FF08AF242DBC" box="[279,359,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="cm" value="4.5">4.5 cm</quantity>
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||
. The two main branches carry two or three subsequent branches, one of which is branched twice more, resulting in two third-order branches that are approximately
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A56236D4FF54AD8E2D9F" box="[903,973,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="cm" value="18.0">18 cm</quantity>
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long. Total colony length is about
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A5623005FF6BABDF2D9F" box="[1366,1436,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="cm" value="75.0">75 cm</quantity>
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||
(as determined by measurements made on the in situ image in
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A5623601FEB0ADD32C74" box="[850,912,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1961,1983]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,306,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[181,1405,299,1939]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp.: A, holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), whole colony in situ: B, specimen CAT 207 - 1, whole colony in situ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238078/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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||
A).
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5755A5623594FE93ADEB2CB8" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">
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||
Axial internodes are solid, except for those newly forming at the ends of the branches. The internode hollow center appears to be secondarily calcified (
|
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<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A562372FFEF8AC822C0C" box="[636,705,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1548,1570]" captionTargetBox="[174,1435,197,1508]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1438,193,1517]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype specimen YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), A, B, pieces of preserved material; C, piece of axis, cleaned and imaged with SEM; D, E, higher magnification views of sclerites showing the ultrastructure of the sclerite surface and tubercles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238079/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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C). Internodes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A5623621FEF8ADF62C0C" box="[882,949,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1548,1570]" captionTargetBox="[174,1435,197,1508]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1438,193,1517]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype specimen YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), A, B, pieces of preserved material; C, piece of axis, cleaned and imaged with SEM; D, E, higher magnification views of sclerites showing the ultrastructure of the sclerite surface and tubercles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238079/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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A, B) range in length from
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A56231BDFEF8ABDF2C0C" box="[1262,1436,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" metricValueMax="14.9" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="9.2" valueMax="14.9" valueMin="3.5">3.5 to 14.9 mm</quantity>
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(mean=
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A56235A5FEDBAF1D2CEF" box="[246,350,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.76" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="9.76">9.76 mm</quantity>
|
||
, std. dev.= 2.36, n=49), and in width from
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A5623603FEC4AA4C2CEF" box="[848,1039,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" metricValueMax="9.3" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="0.63" valueMax="0.93" valueMin="0.33">0.33 to 0.93 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean=
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A5623124FEDBAA9C2CEF" box="[1143,1247,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="0.67">0.67 mm</quantity>
|
||
, std. dev.= 0.21, n=12). Nodes are very short, about
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A5623776FE20AC242CC4" box="[549,615,404,428]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length and do not seem to be very heavily calcified resulting in a very flexible colony whose branch tips are often curved (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A5623647FE03AD102CB8" box="[788,851,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1961,1983]" captionTargetBox="[187,1397,306,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[181,1405,299,1939]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp.: A, holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), whole colony in situ: B, specimen CAT 207 - 1, whole colony in situ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238078/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
B, 2B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5755A5623594FE68AE962FC0" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">
|
||
Polyps are small, less than
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A562375EFE68AC112C9C" box="[525,594,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall when contracted, and are arranged in two irregular rows along the branches, often in alternate fashion (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A5623761FE4BAC362F70" box="[562,629,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1548,1570]" captionTargetBox="[174,1435,197,1508]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1438,193,1517]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype specimen YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), A, B, pieces of preserved material; C, piece of axis, cleaned and imaged with SEM; D, E, higher magnification views of sclerites showing the ultrastructure of the sclerite surface and tubercles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238079/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A,B). Interpolyp distances in each row range from
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A56231EEFE4BAB012F7F" box="[1213,1346,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="5.0">5 to 18 mm</quantity>
|
||
, but are most frequently about
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A56234C7FD90AFA62F54" box="[404,485,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
. No polyps are present on the distal-most
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A56236EFFD90ADB12F54" box="[956,1010,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
of the branches and polyps and tissue appears to be absent along part of the axis from the holdfast to the first branch-point. Because of the relative shortness of the internodes, each internode supports only one or two polyps; occasionally a polyp is located on a node.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5755A5623594FD00AD8B2EE8" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">
|
||
Polyps are short cylinders, being as wide as tall (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A56237B4FD00AD6A2FA4" box="[743,809,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,885,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[184,1402,879,1884]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype specimen YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), A – D, light microscope views of polyps; A – C, lateral view, D, view looking at dorsal surface showing sclerites at the base of infolded tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238080/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A-D). When contracted the tentacles are not visible and the top of the polyp is covered with a logjam of rod-shaped sclerites (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A56236B3FD63AA642F98" box="[992,1063,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,885,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[184,1402,879,1884]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype specimen YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), A – D, light microscope views of polyps; A – C, lateral view, D, view looking at dorsal surface showing sclerites at the base of infolded tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238080/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D). The outside of the polyp is festooned with curved rods that are loosely organized. The longer sclerites originate at the base of the polyp, often extending the width of the skeletal axis, and are oriented diagonally. The shorter sclerites are mostly located higher on the polyp and can be oriented either horizontally or longitudinally. None of the sclerites appear to be aligned directly with the mesenterial insertions on the polyp body wall (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A5623630FCD3ADE62EE8" box="[867,933,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,885,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[184,1402,879,1884]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype specimen YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), A – D, light microscope views of polyps; A – C, lateral view, D, view looking at dorsal surface showing sclerites at the base of infolded tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238080/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5755A5623594FC38AD6B2915" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">
|
||
All sclerites on the polyp body are robust rods with blunt or rounded tips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A5623170FC38AA292ECC" box="[1059,1130,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,193,1666]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[152,1434,193,1666]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype specimen YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), sclerites of the polyp body." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238081/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each is ornamented with small regularly spaced tubercles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A5623743FC1BAC172EA0" box="[528,596,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1548,1570]" captionTargetBox="[174,1435,197,1508]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[165,1438,193,1517]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype specimen YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), A, B, pieces of preserved material; C, piece of axis, cleaned and imaged with SEM; D, E, higher magnification views of sclerites showing the ultrastructure of the sclerite surface and tubercles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238079/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
D, E). Most of the rods are curved or have irregular outlines. Only those at the base of the tentacles are more or less straight (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A562379DFC60AD522E85" box="[718,785,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[202,1384,193,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), sclerites: A, B, from the pharynx; C, from the tentacle pinnules; D, from the tentacle rachis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238082/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Rods are oriented longitudinally along the aboral side of the tentacles, becoming progressively smaller toward the tentacle tip. Flat rods (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A5623104FC43AADF2978" box="[1111,1180,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[202,1384,193,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), sclerites: A, B, from the pharynx; C, from the tentacle pinnules; D, from the tentacle rachis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238082/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C) are common in the pinnules and along the oral surface of the tentacles. Polyp body sclerites range in length from 1.0 to
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A5623040FBA8AB2E295C" box="[1299,1389,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, the rods along the aboral side of the tentacles are
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A56237CDFBF4AD7D293F" box="[670,830,1088,1112]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.4">0.4 to 0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, and tentacle flat rods are
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A56231F7FB8BAB1C293F" box="[1188,1375,1087,1112]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="0.105" valueMax="0.15" valueMin="0.06">0.06 to 0.15 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A562303CFB8BAEE42915" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,638,660]" captionTargetBox="[186,1403,202,613]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[178,1410,193,616]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Polyp body and tentacle sclerite measurements from holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2) and CAT 207 - 1." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238083/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The pharyngeal sclerites are
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A56234ADFBD0ACF42914" box="[510,695,1124,1148]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="0.105" valueMax="0.14" valueMin="0.07">0.07 to 0.14 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5755A5623594FB33AD2D283A" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">
|
||
The tentacles contract completely into the oral cavity of the polyp (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A56236B1FB33AA6429C8" box="[994,1063,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[191,1397,885,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[184,1402,879,1884]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype specimen YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), A – D, light microscope views of polyps; A – C, lateral view, D, view looking at dorsal surface showing sclerites at the base of infolded tentacles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238080/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D, 7A). The “mouth” is funnelshaped, demarcated from the pharynx by a flat ring (R,
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A5623644FB1FAD1629AC" box="[791,853,1195,1220]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1420,747,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[158,1428,740,1776]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. A, light microscope view of dissected polyp from holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), ventral part of polyp removed to show pharynx and septa from ventral side. B, SEM view of the same polyp after critical point drying and sputter coating; C, close-up view of the hypopharynx (see Bayer & Muzik 1976); D, closeup view of spandrel or pendentive (see Gould 1997) between septa with multitoothed pharyngeal sclerites. Abbreviations: Sc, sclerites; Se, septa; H, hypopharynx; R, ring of tissue separating peristome from pharynx; T, tip of tentacle visible through pharyngeal tissue." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238084/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A). The pharynx (as determined by the presence of pharyngeal sclerites) continues the structure ventrally, terminating in a hypopharynx (H,
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A56231DDFB7AAA88298F" box="[1166,1227,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1797,1819]" captionTargetBox="[160,1420,747,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[158,1428,740,1776]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. A, light microscope view of dissected polyp from holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), ventral part of polyp removed to show pharynx and septa from ventral side. B, SEM view of the same polyp after critical point drying and sputter coating; C, close-up view of the hypopharynx (see Bayer & Muzik 1976); D, closeup view of spandrel or pendentive (see Gould 1997) between septa with multitoothed pharyngeal sclerites. Abbreviations: Sc, sclerites; Se, septa; H, hypopharynx; R, ring of tissue separating peristome from pharynx; T, tip of tentacle visible through pharyngeal tissue." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238084/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 7C) uniting the eight septa. The sclerites of the pharynx region consist of two distinct
|
||
<typeStatus id="4549A58F5755A56236FFFB47ADA92863" box="[940,1002,1267,1291]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, those that are flat rods with tooth-like protuberances (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A5623415FAA1AFC92846" box="[326,394,1301,1326]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[202,1384,193,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), sclerites: A, B, from the pharynx; C, from the tentacle pinnules; D, from the tentacle rachis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238082/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B) being found at the junction with the oral funnel, while the more typical short and wide toothed rods (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A5623462FA8DAF30283A" box="[305,371,1337,1362]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[202,1384,193,1930]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[202,1385,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2), sclerites: A, B, from the pharynx; C, from the tentacle pinnules; D, from the tentacle rachis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238082/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 7D) occupy the lower part of the pharynx.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5755A5623594FAE8ABDE2B6B" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A5623594FAE8AF78281D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1372,1397]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The only other specimen collected, CAT 207-1, was about
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A5623686FAE9AA59281C" box="[981,1050,1373,1397]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
in length and branched twice. The polyps of the latter specimen were examined in detail and differed from those of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4549A58F5755A56231D5FA34AAAB28F1" box="[1158,1256,1408,1433]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
only in having slightly smaller sclerites on the polyp body. The largest sclerites were
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A562369DFA10AA6B28D3" box="[974,1064,1444,1468]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length whereas on the larger
|
||
<typeStatus id="4549A58F5755A56235C4FA73AEBA2888" box="[151,249,1479,1504]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
the largest body sclerites are about
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85755A56237CFFA73ACB728B7" box="[668,756,1479,1504]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="02C907A85755A5623626FA73ADF82888" box="[885,955,1479,1504]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,638,660]" captionTargetBox="[186,1403,202,613]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[178,1410,193,616]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Cladarisis nouvianae n. gen, n. sp. Polyp body and tentacle sclerite measurements from holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107 - 2) and CAT 207 - 1." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238083/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). But the smaller CAT 207-1 had a much larger array of smaller rods on the polyp body and the rods in the tentacles were much smaller than on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4549A58F5755A5623060FA5EABDA2B6B" box="[1331,1433,1514,1539]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D2E848A65755A5623594F9BAAB102B22" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5755A5623594F9BAAB102B22" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A5623594F9BAAF052B4F" bold="true" box="[199,326,1550,1575]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. This species is named in honor of Claire Nouvian, founder of the organization Bloom Association, in recognition of her tireless efforts working to reduce the destruction of deep-sea habitats by bottom trawls.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D2E848A65755A5653594F9E1AA4B2E50" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="244" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5755A5623594F9E1AAE92B94" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A5623594F9E1AF772B06" bold="true" box="[199,308,1621,1646]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Within the Keratoisidinae, the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A56237AFF9E1AD222B06" box="[764,865,1621,1646]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Lepidisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A56237AFF9E1AD222B06" box="[764,865,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Lepidisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A5623620F9E2AD9A2B05" box="[883,985,1622,1645]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Jasonisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A5623620F9E2AD9A2B05" box="[883,985,1622,1645]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Jasonisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A56236B8F9E1AA0C2B06" box="[1003,1103,1621,1646]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Acanella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A56236B8F9E1AA0C2B06" box="[1003,1103,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Acanella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A56231C2F9E1AAA62B06" box="[1169,1253,1621,1646]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A56231C2F9E1AAA62B06" box="[1169,1253,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Isidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were known to branch at the nodes if they branched at all (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5755A56237D2F9CDAD502BF9" author="France" box="[641,787,1657,1681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" refString="France, S. C. (2007) Genetic analysis of bamboo corals (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Isididae): does lack of colony branching distinguish Lepidisis from Keratoisis? Bulletin of Marine Science, 81, 323 - 333." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E2E55BBD5755A56237D2F9CDAC8C2BF9" box="[641,719,1657,1681]" name="France" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5755A562364CF9CCAACE2BF9" author="Alderslade" box="[799,1165,1656,1681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" refString="Alderslade, P. & McFadden, C. S. (2012) A new genus and species of the family Isididae (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) from a CMAR Biodiversity study, and a discussion on the subfamilial placement of some nominal isidid genera. Zootaxa, 3154, 21 - 39." type="journal article" year="2012">Alderslade and McFadden 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A56231F3F9CCAB562BF9" box="[1184,1301,1656,1681]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Cladarisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="240" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A56231F3F9CCAB562BF9" box="[1184,1301,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Cladarisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
branches at the nodes once the colony reaches sufficient size to begin branching. Among this group, the pattern of branching of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A56235C4F90BAF4F2BB0" box="[151,268,1727,1752]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Cladarisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="240" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A56235C4F90BAF4F2BB0" box="[151,268,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Cladarisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to that seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A562372AF90BAC8E2BB0" box="[633,717,1727,1752]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A562372AF90BAC8E2BB0" box="[633,717,1727,1752]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Isidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(sparse and lateral, not in whorls), and in fact, the specimens collected were provisionally assigned to that genus as samples were sorted on board the ship.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5755A5633594F8B2AFA62D9F" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2036]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,247]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="242" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A5623415F8B2AFD92A77" box="[326,410,1798,1823]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A5623415F8B2AFD92A77" box="[326,410,1798,1823]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Isidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
currently comprises the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A5623640F8B3AA5C2A77" authority="Esper, 1788" authorityName="Esper" authorityYear="1788" box="[787,1055,1798,1823]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A5623640F8B3ADCC2A77" box="[787,911,1798,1823]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">I. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5755A56236CBF8B3AA5C2A77" author="Esper" box="[920,1055,1799,1823]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" refString="Esper, E. J. C. (1788) Die Pflanzenthiere in Abbildung nach der Natur mit Farben erleuchtet nebst Beschreibungen. Lieferung, 1, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1788">Esper, 1788</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="4549A58F5755A5623163F8B3AA212A77" box="[1072,1122,1799,1823]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A5623185F8B3AE912A2A" authority="Sars, 1868" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1868" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lofotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A5623185F8B3AB182A77" box="[1238,1371,1798,1823]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">I. lofotensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5755A5623036F8B3AE912A2A" author="Sars" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" refString="Sars, M. (1868) Om nogle Echinodermer og Coelenterater fra Lofoten. Oversigt over det Kongelige Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger, Christiania, pp. 1 - 7. [1867]" type="book chapter" year="1868">Sars, 1868</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A562358EF89FAC402A2A" authority="Bayer, 1990" authorityName="Bayer" authorityYear="1990" box="[221,515,1833,1858]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trichotoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A562358EF89FAF322A2A" box="[221,369,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">I. trichotoma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5755A562342BF89EAC402A2A" author="Bayer" box="[376,515,1834,1858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1990) A new isidid octocoral (Anthozoa: Gorgonacea) from New Caledonia, with descriptions of other new species from elsewhere in the Pacific Ocean. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 103 (1), 205 - 228." type="journal article" year="1990">Bayer, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A562375DF89FAD022A2A" authority="Verrill, 1883" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1883" box="[526,833,1833,1858]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="longiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A562375DF89FACD52A2A" box="[526,662,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">I. longiflora</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5755A56237F5F89DAD7B2A2A" author="Verrill" box="[678,824,1833,1858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1883) Report on the Anthozoa and on some additional species dredged by the " Blake " in 1877 - 1879, and by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer " Fish Hawk " in 1880 - 82. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 11, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1883">Verrill, 1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A562362EF89FAAF82A2A" authority="Etnoyer, 2008" authorityName="Etnoyer" authorityYear="2008" box="[893,1211,1833,1858]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tentaculum">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A562362EF89FAA522A2A" box="[893,1041,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">I. tentaculum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5755A562314AF89EAAF82A2A" author="Etnoyer" box="[1049,1211,1834,1858]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" refString="Etnoyer, P. J. (2008) A new species of Isidella bamboo coral (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea: Isididae) from northeast Pacific seamounts. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 121, 541 - 553. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2988 / 08 - 16.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Etnoyer, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Only the first three are likely to remain in the genus.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A5623740F8F9AC9C2A0E" box="[531,735,1869,1894]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="longiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A5623740F8F9AC9C2A0E" box="[531,735,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Isidella longiflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described and placed in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A5623040F8F9AB3B2A0E" box="[1299,1400,1869,1894]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Lepidisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A5623040F8F9AB3B2A0E" box="[1299,1400,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Lepidisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Verrill, but since that genus came to be thought of as unbranched,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5755A562362BF8C4AA712AE1" author="Grasshoff" box="[888,1074,1904,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1986) Die Gorgonaria der Expedition von " Travailleur " 1880 - 1882 und " Talisman " 1883 (Cnidaria, Anthozoa). Bulletin Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 4 th, series 8, 9 - 38." type="book chapter" year="1986">Grasshoff (1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5755A562316EF8C4ABD72AE1" author="Grasshoff" box="[1085,1428,1904,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" refString="Grasshoff, M. & Zibrowius, H. (1983) Kalkkrusten auf Achsen von Hornkorallen, resent und fossil (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Gorgonaria). Senkenbergiana maritime, 15, 111 - 145." type="journal article" year="1983">Grasshoff and Zibrowius 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) moved
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A56235BFF820AF1F2AC5" box="[236,348,1940,1965]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="longiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A56235BFF820AF1F2AC5" box="[236,348,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">longiflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5755A56234D0F820AF942AC5" box="[387,471,1940,1965]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5755A56234D0F820AF942AC5" box="[387,471,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="241">Isidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of dichotomous branching from the nodes. The exact placement of this species remains to be determined since the existing museum material is not in very good condition. Further,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5755A5623006F803AEA22A9C" author="Verrill" pageId="2" pageNumber="241" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1883) Report on the Anthozoa and on some additional species dredged by the " Blake " in 1877 - 1879, and by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer " Fish Hawk " in 1880 - 82. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 11, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1883">Verrill (1883)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that branches arising at the nodes could arise singly, or two at a time. In a manuscript that was unfortunately not published before his death, Verrill suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5754A56336C1FF2DAA622DD8" box="[914,1057,151,176]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="242" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="longiflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5754A56336C1FF2DAA622DD8" box="[914,1057,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="242">L. longiflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be moved to a new genus “
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5754A56335F0FF0FAF652DBC" box="[163,294,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="242">Acanellides</emphasis>
|
||
” (this manuscript is in the collection of the Yale Peabody Museum and photocopies of the pages can be obtained from this author).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CE8D4BA55754A56335C4F81DAC2E2AB6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238078/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="242" targetBox="[187,1397,306,1930]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5754A56335C4F81DAC2E2AB6" blockId="3.[151,1436,1961,2014]" pageId="3" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5754A56335C4F81DAF502AD6" bold="true" box="[151,275,1961,1983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="242">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5754A5633448F81DAFB72AD7" box="[283,500,1961,1983]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Cladarisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="242" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nouvianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5754A5633448F81DAFB72AD7" box="[283,500,1961,1983]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="242">Cladarisis nouvianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5754A56334AFF81DACCF2AD6" bold="true" box="[508,652,1961,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="242">n. gen, n. sp.:</emphasis>
|
||
A, holotype YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107-2), whole colony in situ: B, specimen CAT 207-1, whole colony in situ.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="CE8D4BA55753A56435C4F9B8ACD22B37" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238079/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="243" targetBox="[174,1435,197,1508]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5753A56435C4F9B8ACD22B37" blockId="4.[151,1436,1548,1631]" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5753A56435C4F9B8AF502B49" bold="true" box="[151,275,1548,1570]" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5753A5643449F9B8AFB02B4A" box="[282,499,1548,1570]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Cladarisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="243" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nouvianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5753A5643449F9B8AFB02B4A" box="[282,499,1548,1570]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">Cladarisis nouvianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5753A56434A9F9B8ACC12B49" bold="true" box="[506,642,1548,1569]" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">n. gen, n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype specimen YPM IZ 0 70870 (specimen RUM 107-2), A, B, pieces of preserved material; C, piece of axis, cleaned and imaged with SEM; D, E, higher magnification views of sclerites showing the ultrastructure of the sclerite surface and tubercles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5753A5643594F932AAC72A3C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1670,2020]" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5753A5643594F932AFE32BF7" box="[199,416,1670,1695]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="243" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tentaculum">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5753A5643594F932AFE32BF7" box="[199,416,1670,1695]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">Isidella tentaculum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from all the others in having sclerites in the form of rods, the mesenterially placed sclerites are rods rather than needles, and the branches, while originating at the nodes form more of a candelabra shape. In addition, the axis internodes are thick and heavy, rather than thin and moderately delicate. Unpublished genetic sequence data suggests that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5753A5643767F940AC892A64" box="[564,714,1779,1804]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="243" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tentaculum">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5753A5643767F940AC892A64" box="[564,714,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">I. tentaculum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to a clade different from that in which the other three
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5753A56435C4F8A2AEA82A47" box="[151,235,1814,1839]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="243" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5753A56435C4F8A2AEA82A47" box="[151,235,1814,1839]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">Isidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4549A58F5753A56434A6F8A3AC642A47" box="[501,551,1815,1839]" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">type</typeStatus>
|
||
) reside (Scott C.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E2E55BBD5753A56437A1F8ACAD022A47" box="[754,833,1816,1839]" name="France" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
, personal communication). Thus, for this discussion, the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5753A564345BF88FAF1F2A3C" box="[264,348,1851,1876]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="243" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5753A564345BF88FAF1F2A3C" box="[264,348,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">Isidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
will be considered to consist only of the first three species noted above.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5753A5653594F8EAAB452CE0" blockId="4.[151,1436,1670,2020]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,824]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="244" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">
|
||
The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5753A5643407F8EAAC502A1F" box="[340,531,1886,1911]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="243" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5753A5643407F8EAAC502A1F" box="[340,531,1886,1911]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">Isidella elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5753A5643771F8D4ACE52A1F" box="[546,678,1886,1911]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="243" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lofotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5753A5643771F8D4ACE52A1F" box="[546,678,1886,1911]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">I. lofotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5753A56437B5F8D4AD382A1F" box="[742,891,1886,1911]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="243" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trichotoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5753A56437B5F8D4AD382A1F" box="[742,891,1886,1911]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="243">I. trichotoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have moderately long to very long, thin hollow internodes, polyps armed with sclerites predominantly in the form of needles, with larger needles in groups of 2-3 placed at the mesenterial insertions on the body wall (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5753A564365DF813ADD62AD7" author="Bayer" box="[782,917,1959,1983]" pageId="4" pageNumber="243" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1990) A new isidid octocoral (Anthozoa: Gorgonacea) from New Caledonia, with descriptions of other new species from elsewhere in the Pacific Ocean. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 103 (1), 205 - 228." type="journal article" year="1990">Bayer 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and usually projecting between the tentacle bases. Branching at the nodes has been termed dichotomous (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5753A564363EF87FADBA2A8B" author="Bayer" box="[877,1017,1995,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="243" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1990) A new isidid octocoral (Anthozoa: Gorgonacea) from New Caledonia, with descriptions of other new species from elsewhere in the Pacific Ocean. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 103 (1), 205 - 228." type="journal article" year="1990">Bayer 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but should be lateral according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5752A56535C4FF23AF252DD8" author="Alderslade" box="[151,358,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="244" refString="Alderslade, P. (1998) Revisionary systematics in the gorgonian family Isididae, with descriptions of numerous new taxa (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 55, 1 - 359." type="book chapter" year="1998">Alderslade (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and sparse. The tentacles, when contracted, fold over the mouth but remain exposed.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5752A565301BFF23AF402DBD" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="244" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lofotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5752A565301BFF23AF402DBD" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="244">Isidella lofotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
needs redescription (in preparation); however, colonies recently studied in the collection of the Tromsø Museum are bushy, branching at the nodes in all planes, and the sclerites arranged along the mesenterial insertions are large pointed rods rather than thin needles. A very small colony collected in 1872 at the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4549A58F5752A56531E3FEB1AAA32C75" box="[1200,1248,261,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="244">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality by G.O. Sars, from the collection of the Copenhagen Museum, has a similar arrangement of polyp body sclerites, but all are needles rather than rods (inviting the supposition that as the colony grows and ages the needles either become thicker or are replaced). Both colonies have solid internodes. The tentacles contract but stay exposed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A4D1B2D5752A5653594FE20AA4B2E50" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="244">
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5752A565341BFE20AFFE2CC5" box="[328,445,404,429]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Cladarisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="240" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5752A565341BFE20AFFE2CC5" box="[328,445,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="244">Cladarisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles these three species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5752A5653611FE20ADD52CC5" box="[834,918,404,429]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="244" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5752A5653611FE20ADD52CC5" box="[834,918,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="244">Isidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the form of the colony, the long and thin branches, branching sparse and lateral, and with branches originating at the nodes.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5752A5653117FE03AAFA2CB8" box="[1092,1209,439,464]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Cladarisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="240" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5752A5653117FE03AAFA2CB8" box="[1092,1209,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="244">Cladarisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs, however, in several ways. The internodes are generally shorter (mean length,
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85752A56536F4FE68ADB22C9C" box="[935,1009,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="244" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Measurements made on photos of specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5752A5653461FDB5AFEF2F70" box="[306,428,511,536]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="244" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5752A5653461FDB5AFEF2F70" box="[306,428,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="244">I. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and pieces of a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5752A56537A7FDB5AD342F70" box="[756,887,511,536]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="244" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lofotensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5752A56537A7FDB5AD342F70" box="[756,887,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="244">I. lofotensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, show that internode length in those two species range from
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85752A565344CFD90AFF52F54" box="[287,438,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="244" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="13.0">13 to 17 mm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85752A56534A2FD90AC3F2F54" box="[497,636,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="244" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="9.0">9 to 15 mm</quantity>
|
||
, respectively. Internode lengths in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5752A5653143FD91AAE62F55" box="[1040,1189,548,573]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="244" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trichotoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5752A5653143FD91AAE62F55" box="[1040,1189,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="244">I. trichotoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reach
|
||
<quantity id="5D0AB6C85752A56531A6FD90AB042F54" box="[1269,1351,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="244" unit="mm" value="85.0">85 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE6366DC5752A5653004FD90AE902F08" author="Bayer" pageId="5" pageNumber="244" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1990) A new isidid octocoral (Anthozoa: Gorgonacea) from New Caledonia, with descriptions of other new species from elsewhere in the Pacific Ocean. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 103 (1), 205 - 228." type="journal article" year="1990">Bayer 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The polyp body of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5752A5653495FDF3AC782F08" box="[454,571,583,608]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Cladarisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="240" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5752A5653495FDF3AC782F08" box="[454,571,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="244">Cladarisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses sclerites that are exclusively rods, and the sclerites are organized haphazardly such that none are aligned with the mesenteries. Indeed, the rods are arranged almost randomly along the outside of the polyp, with some on the distal part of the polyp oblique to horizontal, and with longitudinally oriented smaller rods only along the aboral surface of the tentacles. The pharyngeal sclerites of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5752A56531A3FD00AB272FA5" box="[1264,1380,692,717]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Cladarisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="240" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5752A56531A3FD00AB272FA5" box="[1264,1380,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="244">Cladarisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differ significantly from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5752A565374FFD6DACF12F98" box="[540,690,727,752]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Isidella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="244" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trichotoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5752A565374FFD6DACF12F98" box="[540,690,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="244">I. trichotoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(details for the other two species are missing). In the latter, the sclerites are elongate, slightly toothed rods, verging on being flat rods, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DF260AE5752A565312CFD48AAB02E7D" box="[1151,1267,764,789]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Cladarisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="240" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A886C73F5752A565312CFD48AAB02E7D" box="[1151,1267,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="244">Cladarisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
one group of pharyngeal sclerites are short, wide, and thick, with protuberances on all sides.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |