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<document id="DFD608F9A29EDC98DD9724F8D371FB43" ID-CLB-Dataset="22102" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.322" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2922dbf4-12ec-49d4-ac36-565434419f51" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3829305" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589562461714" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Lin, Chien-Hsiang, Brzobohatý, Rostislav, Nolf, Dirk &amp; Girone, Angela" docDate="2017" docId="615996129469CE2479B2A012FB8690EE" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-322.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 322" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Diaphus Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann 1890" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="9D60EE6A9466CE36784FA457FFBC9351" masterDocTitle="Tortonian teleost otoliths from northern Italy: taxonomic synthesis and stratigraphic significance" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1698839868927" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<subSubSection id="A1EA748F9469CE3979B2A012FB8B970E" box="[509,1079,1092,1119]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E94F27049469CE3979B2A012FB8B970E" blockId="15.[509,1079,1092,1119]" box="[509,1079,1092,1119]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="B20790689469CE3979B2A012FB8B970E" box="[509,1079,1092,1119]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="2">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879469CE397A00A013FB8B970E" ID-CoL="62PDG" ID-ENA="88678" authority="Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann, 1890" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann" authorityYear="1890" box="[591,1079,1092,1119]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397A00A013FD0A970E" bold="true" box="[591,694,1092,1119]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diaphus</emphasis>
Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann, 1890
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<subSubSection id="A1EA748F9469CE2478F2A0D0FB8690EE" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E94F27049469CE3978F2A0D0FCB79605" blockId="15.[189,1399,1158,1364]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
The otoliths of
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879469CE397933A0D0FD7097F0" authority="Taning, 1918" authorityName="Taning" authorityYear="1918" box="[380,716,1158,1185]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="holti">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397933A0D0FD9D97F0" box="[380,545,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diaphus holti</emphasis>
Tåning, 1918
</taxonomicName>
are characterised by a large dorsal area with somewhat pointed dorsal rim at mid-point, which makes their overall shape higher than other
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879469CE397C30A0FDFB5E9795" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann" authorityYear="1890" box="[1151,1250,1194,1220]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397C30A0FDFB5E9795" box="[1151,1250,1194,1220]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diaphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
otoliths (see
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59469CE3978F2A099FE1097B9" author="Schwarzhans W." box="[189,428,1230,1256]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="41 - 82" refId="ref23659" refString="Schwarzhans W. 2013 a. A comparative morphological study of the Recent otoliths of the genera Diaphus, Idiolychnus and Lobianchia (Myctophidae). Palaeo Ichthyologica 13: 41 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.13140 / 2.1.2872.3843" type="journal article" year="2013">Schwarzhans 2013a</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 3, figs 4, 5 for figured Recent specimens). Although somewhat more compact in the posterior part, several of our juvenile
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879469CE397A85A0A5FC91965D" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann" authorityYear="1890" box="[714,813,1266,1292]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397A85A0A5FC91965D" box="[714,813,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diaphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
otoliths (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="71CB3B819469CE397B95A0A5FB8A965C" box="[986,1078,1266,1293]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,231,1514,1540]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,265,1505]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[298,1290,265,1505]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 5. Tortonian fish otoliths from northern Italy. A. Diaphus holti Tåning, 1918, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9732). B. Diaphus metopoclampoides Steurbaut, 1983, Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9733). C–E. Diaphus regani Tåning, 1932, Montegibbio (IRSNB P 9734–P 9736). F–G. Diaphus pedemontanus (Robba, 1970), Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9737–P 9738). H. Diaphus aff. rafinesquii (Cocco, 1838), Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9739). I. Diaphus aff. splendidus (Brauer, 1904), Costa Vescovato (IRSNB P 9740). J. Diaphus cahuzaci Steurbaut, 1979, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9741). K. Lampadena aff. dea Fraser-Brunner, 1949, Torrente Stirone (IRSNB P 9742). L. Lampadena aff. speculigeroides Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf, 1996, Stazzano (IRSNB P 9743). M. Hygophum hygomii (Lütken, 1892), Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9744). N–O. Lampadena gracilis (Schubert, 1912); N. Alba, Tanaro (50 m), O. Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9745–P 9746). P–Q. Lobianchia gemellarii (Cocco, 1838), Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9747–P 9748). R. Hygophum derthonensis (Anfossi &amp; Mosna, 1969), Torrente Stirone (IRSNB P 9749). S–T. Lampanyctus latesulcatus Nolf &amp; Steurbaut, 1983, Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9750–P 9751). U. Merluccius cf. merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758), Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9752). V. Lobianchia dofleini (Zugmayer, 1911), Costa Vescovato (IRSNB P 9753). 1 = ventral view; 2 = inner view. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3829315" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3829315/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
) are recognised as
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879469CE397D53A0A4FEE39661" authority="Taning, 1918" authorityName="Taning" authorityYear="1918" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="holti">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397D53A0A4FA8D965D" box="[1308,1329,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397D0EA0A5FACB965D" box="[1345,1399,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">holti</emphasis>
Tåning, 1918
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, based on the feature mentioned above. Furthermore, they are very similar to the one figured by
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59469CE397973A16EFDCC9605" author="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D." box="[316,624,1337,1364]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="185 - 206" refId="ref21303" refString="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D. 2000. Diaphus otoliths from the European Neogene (Myctophidae, Teleostei). Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 70: 185 - 206." type="journal article" year="2000">Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf (2000</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 3, fig. 9).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E94F27049469CE3978F2A12CFCFF9574" blockId="15.[189,1399,1403,1573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
The otoliths of
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879469CE397921A12BFC8C96C7" authority="(Cocco, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Cocco" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[366,816,1403,1430]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rafinesquii">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397921A12BFE6D96C7" box="[366,465,1404,1430]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diaphus</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397A49A12BFD3F96C7" box="[518,643,1404,1430]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">rafinesquii</emphasis>
(Cocco, 1838)
</taxonomicName>
show reasonable similarities with those of Recent (see
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59469CE3978BAA1C8FE5996E8" author="Schwarzhans W." box="[245,485,1439,1465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="41 - 82" refId="ref23659" refString="Schwarzhans W. 2013 a. A comparative morphological study of the Recent otoliths of the genera Diaphus, Idiolychnus and Lobianchia (Myctophidae). Palaeo Ichthyologica 13: 41 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.13140 / 2.1.2872.3843" type="journal article" year="2013">Schwarzhans 2013a</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 3, figs 7–10) and Plio-Pleistocene specimens (
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59469CE397C0EA1C8FACF96E8" author="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D." box="[1089,1395,1439,1465]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="185 - 206" refId="ref21303" refString="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D. 2000. Diaphus otoliths from the European Neogene (Myctophidae, Teleostei). Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 70: 185 - 206." type="journal article" year="2000">Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf 2000</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 3, figs 11–13). Our material, however, is poorly preserved, and the dorsal rim of the figured otolith (
<figureCitation id="71CB3B819469CE397889A1B0FE9C9553" box="[198,288,1511,1538]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,231,1514,1540]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,265,1505]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[298,1290,265,1505]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 5. Tortonian fish otoliths from northern Italy. A. Diaphus holti Tåning, 1918, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9732). B. Diaphus metopoclampoides Steurbaut, 1983, Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9733). C–E. Diaphus regani Tåning, 1932, Montegibbio (IRSNB P 9734–P 9736). F–G. Diaphus pedemontanus (Robba, 1970), Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9737–P 9738). H. Diaphus aff. rafinesquii (Cocco, 1838), Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9739). I. Diaphus aff. splendidus (Brauer, 1904), Costa Vescovato (IRSNB P 9740). J. Diaphus cahuzaci Steurbaut, 1979, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9741). K. Lampadena aff. dea Fraser-Brunner, 1949, Torrente Stirone (IRSNB P 9742). L. Lampadena aff. speculigeroides Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf, 1996, Stazzano (IRSNB P 9743). M. Hygophum hygomii (Lütken, 1892), Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9744). N–O. Lampadena gracilis (Schubert, 1912); N. Alba, Tanaro (50 m), O. Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9745–P 9746). P–Q. Lobianchia gemellarii (Cocco, 1838), Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9747–P 9748). R. Hygophum derthonensis (Anfossi &amp; Mosna, 1969), Torrente Stirone (IRSNB P 9749). S–T. Lampanyctus latesulcatus Nolf &amp; Steurbaut, 1983, Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9750–P 9751). U. Merluccius cf. merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758), Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9752). V. Lobianchia dofleini (Zugmayer, 1911), Costa Vescovato (IRSNB P 9753). 1 = ventral view; 2 = inner view. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3829315" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3829315/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
) is somewhat higher than that of the Recent ones. Moreover, the Recent specimens have a more gently curved dorsal rim than the Tortonian specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E94F27049469CE3978F2A21AFE309433" blockId="15.[189,1399,1613,1890]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59469CE3978F2A21AFDEF9536" author="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D." box="[189,595,1613,1639]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="185 - 206" refId="ref21303" refString="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D. 2000. Diaphus otoliths from the European Neogene (Myctophidae, Teleostei). Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 70: 185 - 206." type="journal article" year="2000">Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf (2000: 192)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned that some juvenile otoliths from the Mediterranean Tortonian deposits could possibly be attributed to
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879469CE397B4FA227FBE595DA" authority="Taning, 1932" authorityName="Taning" authorityYear="1932" box="[768,1113,1648,1675]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397B4FA227FC0995DB" box="[768,949,1648,1674]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diaphus regani</emphasis>
Tåning, 1932
</taxonomicName>
. This attribution was not convincing, because only juvenile specimens were available. The otoliths of
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879469CE397C73A2C2FB1795FF" authorityName="Taning" authorityYear="1932" box="[1084,1195,1685,1711]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397C73A2C2FBED95FF" box="[1084,1105,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397C10A2C2FB1795FF" box="[1119,1195,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">regani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are characterised by a widely expanded antero-dorsal area and a narrower postero-dorsal area, making their highest point along the dorsal rim before the mid-point (
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59469CE397AF8A28BFC7F95A7" author="Nolf D. &amp; Aguilera O." box="[695,963,1756,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="237 - 262" refId="ref22637" refString="Nolf D. &amp; Aguilera O. 1998. Fish otoliths from the Cantaure Formation (Early Miocene of Venezuela). Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 68: 237 - 262." type="journal article" year="1998">Nolf &amp; Aguilera 1998</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 5, figs 1–6;
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59469CE397CCCA28BFACE95A7" author="Schwarzhans W." box="[1155,1394,1756,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="41 - 82" refId="ref23659" refString="Schwarzhans W. 2013 a. A comparative morphological study of the Recent otoliths of the genera Diaphus, Idiolychnus and Lobianchia (Myctophidae). Palaeo Ichthyologica 13: 41 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.13140 / 2.1.2872.3843" type="journal article" year="2013">Schwarzhans 2013a</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 10, figs 12–16). Our Tortonian specimens (
<figureCitation id="71CB3B819469CE397A92A2A8FC9D944B" box="[733,801,1791,1818]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,231,1514,1540]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,265,1505]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[298,1290,265,1505]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 5. Tortonian fish otoliths from northern Italy. A. Diaphus holti Tåning, 1918, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9732). B. Diaphus metopoclampoides Steurbaut, 1983, Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9733). C–E. Diaphus regani Tåning, 1932, Montegibbio (IRSNB P 9734–P 9736). F–G. Diaphus pedemontanus (Robba, 1970), Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9737–P 9738). H. Diaphus aff. rafinesquii (Cocco, 1838), Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9739). I. Diaphus aff. splendidus (Brauer, 1904), Costa Vescovato (IRSNB P 9740). J. Diaphus cahuzaci Steurbaut, 1979, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9741). K. Lampadena aff. dea Fraser-Brunner, 1949, Torrente Stirone (IRSNB P 9742). L. Lampadena aff. speculigeroides Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf, 1996, Stazzano (IRSNB P 9743). M. Hygophum hygomii (Lütken, 1892), Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9744). N–O. Lampadena gracilis (Schubert, 1912); N. Alba, Tanaro (50 m), O. Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9745–P 9746). P–Q. Lobianchia gemellarii (Cocco, 1838), Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9747–P 9748). R. Hygophum derthonensis (Anfossi &amp; Mosna, 1969), Torrente Stirone (IRSNB P 9749). S–T. Lampanyctus latesulcatus Nolf &amp; Steurbaut, 1983, Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9750–P 9751). U. Merluccius cf. merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758), Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9752). V. Lobianchia dofleini (Zugmayer, 1911), Costa Vescovato (IRSNB P 9753). 1 = ventral view; 2 = inner view. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3829315" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3829315/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
C–E) are not common at all the localities, but they include both small and large specimens with characteristic features that now allow the attribution to the Recent
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879469CE397959A31FFE3A9430" authorityName="Taning" authorityYear="1932" box="[278,390,1864,1889]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397959A31FFE3A9430" box="[278,390,1864,1889]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">D. regani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E94F27049469CE2478F2A3DEFB6C9111" blockId="15.[189,1399,1929,2028]" lastBlockId="18.[189,1399,267,576]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59469CE3978F2A3DEFD8694F2" author="Schwarzhans W. &amp; Aguilera O." box="[189,570,1929,1955]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="81 - 150" refId="ref23784" refString="Schwarzhans W. &amp; Aguilera O. 2013. Otoliths of the Myctophidae from the Neogene of tropical America. Palaeo Ichthyologica 13: 81 - 150." type="journal article" year="2013">Schwarzhans &amp; Aguilera (2013)</bibRefCitation>
synonymised
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879469CE397AAAA3DEFBC094F2" authority="Steurbaut, 1979" authorityName="Steurbaut" authorityYear="1979" box="[741,1148,1929,1955]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahuzaci">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397AAAA3DEFC0594F2" box="[741,953,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diaphus cahuzaci</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59469CE397B8EA3DEFBC094F2" author="Steurbaut E." box="[961,1148,1929,1955]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="50 - 91" refId="ref23917" refString="Steurbaut E. 1979. Les otolithes de teleosteens des Marnes de Saubrigues (Miocene d'Aquitaine meridionale, France). Palaeontographica A 166 (1 - 3): 50 - 91." type="journal article" year="1979">Steurbaut, 1979</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59469CE397CF4A3DEFACF94F2" author="Steurbaut E." box="[1211,1395,1929,1955]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="50 - 91" refId="ref23917" refString="Steurbaut E. 1979. Les otolithes de teleosteens des Marnes de Saubrigues (Miocene d'Aquitaine meridionale, France). Palaeontographica A 166 (1 - 3): 50 - 91." type="journal article" year="1979">Steurbaut 1979</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 4, figs 1–6) with
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879469CE3979E3A3FAFCF49496" authority="(Koken, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Koken" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[428,840,1965,1991]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="austriacus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE3979E3A3FAFD2E9496" box="[428,658,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diaphus austriacus</emphasis>
(Koken, 1891)
</taxonomicName>
, disregarding the remarks of
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59469CE397CEEA3FAFA999499" author="Nolf D." box="[1185,1317,1965,1992]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="10" refId="ref22535" refString="Nolf D. 1985. Otolithi Piscium. In: Schultze H. - P. (ed.) Handbook of Paleoichthyology 10. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart and New York." type="book chapter" year="1985">Nolf (1985</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59469CE397D7DA3FAFAD29496" author="Nolf D." box="[1330,1390,1965,1991]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref22613" refString="Nolf D. 2013. The Diversity of Fish Otoliths, Past and Present. Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels." type="book" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
) that the latter species (firstly described as
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879469CE397AEFA386FC7C94BD" authority="(Berycidarum)" baseAuthorityName="Berycidarum" box="[672,960,2001,2028]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sciaenidae" genus="Otolithus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397AEFA386FCB194BA" box="[672,781,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Otolithus</emphasis>
(Berycidarum)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879469CE397B89A385FBFC94BA" baseAuthorityName="Koken" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[966,1088,2002,2027]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="austriacus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169469CE397B89A385FBFC94BA" box="[966,1088,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">austriacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is a doubtful species. The
<typeStatus id="364B99A69474CE2478F2A55CFE989274" box="[189,292,267,293]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247907A55BFE6E9274" authorityName="Steurbaut" authorityYear="1979" box="[328,466,267,294]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahuzaci">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247907A55BFEE19274" box="[328,349,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247925A55CFE6E9274" box="[362,466,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">cahuzaci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(refigured in
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59474CE247A20A55CFC299274" author="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D." box="[623,917,267,293]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="185 - 206" refId="ref21303" refString="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D. 2000. Diaphus otoliths from the European Neogene (Myctophidae, Teleostei). Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 70: 185 - 206." type="journal article" year="2000">Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf 2000</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 5, fig. 6) is more rounded if compared to the more elongate similar-sized (ca
<quantity id="2E088AE19474CE247A36A578FD039218" box="[633,703,303,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
)
<typeStatus id="364B99A69474CE247A82A578FC859218" box="[717,825,303,329]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247B11A578FC479219" baseAuthorityName="Koken" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[862,1019,303,329]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="austriacus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247B11A578FCCF9219" box="[862,883,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247BCEA578FC479219" box="[897,1019,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">austriacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which was established by
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59474CE247D76A578FEB0923C" author="Zilch A." pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="453 - 490" refId="ref24139" refString="Zilch A. 1965. Die Typen und Typoide des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 31: Fossile Fisch-Otolithen. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 46 a: 453 - 490." type="book chapter" year="1965">Zilch (1965)</bibRefCitation>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59474CE247907A505FD0E923D" author="Schwarzhans W. &amp; Aguilera O." box="[328,690,338,364]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="81 - 150" refId="ref23784" refString="Schwarzhans W. &amp; Aguilera O. 2013. Otoliths of the Myctophidae from the Neogene of tropical America. Palaeo Ichthyologica 13: 81 - 150." type="journal article" year="2013">Schwarzhans &amp; Aguilera 2013</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 10, fig. 1). The growth series of
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247C17A504FB5F923D" authorityName="Steurbaut" authorityYear="1979" box="[1112,1251,338,364]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahuzaci">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247C17A504FBD1923D" box="[1112,1133,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247C34A505FB5F923D" box="[1147,1251,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">cahuzaci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
provided by
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59474CE2478F2A522FE4A92DE" author="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D." box="[189,502,373,399]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="185 - 206" refId="ref21303" refString="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D. 2000. Diaphus otoliths from the European Neogene (Myctophidae, Teleostei). Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 70: 185 - 206." type="journal article" year="2000">Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf (2000</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 5, figs 1–6) clearly shows this consistent rounded outline feature and a stronger rostrum in the larger specimens that are different from the otoliths of
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247C17A5CEFB4A92E3" baseAuthorityName="Koken" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[1112,1270,409,435]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="austriacus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247C17A5CEFBD192E3" box="[1112,1133,409,434]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247C33A5CEFB4A92E3" box="[1148,1270,409,434]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">austriacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
figured by
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59474CE2478F2A5EBFD8D9287" author="Schwarzhans W. &amp; Aguilera O." box="[189,561,444,470]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="81 - 150" refId="ref23784" refString="Schwarzhans W. &amp; Aguilera O. 2013. Otoliths of the Myctophidae from the Neogene of tropical America. Palaeo Ichthyologica 13: 81 - 150." type="journal article" year="2013">Schwarzhans &amp; Aguilera (2013</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 10, figs 1–8, the size of the largest specimen, fig. 7 is comparable to the one figured by
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59474CE2479D6A588FD7F92A8" author="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D." box="[409,707,479,505]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="185 - 206" refId="ref21303" refString="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D. 2000. Diaphus otoliths from the European Neogene (Myctophidae, Teleostei). Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 70: 185 - 206." type="journal article" year="2000">Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf 2000</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 5, figs 4–5). Therefore, we interpret that
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247C9FA5B7FAE792A8" authorityName="Steurbaut" authorityYear="1979" box="[1232,1371,479,506]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahuzaci">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247C9FA5B7FB5992A8" box="[1232,1253,480,505]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247CBCA588FAE792A8" box="[1267,1371,479,505]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">cahuzaci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is still a well-defined fossil species, and our Tortonian specimens (
<figureCitation id="71CB3B819474CE247BE3A655FC40914C" box="[940,1020,514,541]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,231,1514,1540]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,265,1505]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[298,1290,265,1505]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 5. Tortonian fish otoliths from northern Italy. A. Diaphus holti Tåning, 1918, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9732). B. Diaphus metopoclampoides Steurbaut, 1983, Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9733). C–E. Diaphus regani Tåning, 1932, Montegibbio (IRSNB P 9734–P 9736). F–G. Diaphus pedemontanus (Robba, 1970), Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9737–P 9738). H. Diaphus aff. rafinesquii (Cocco, 1838), Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9739). I. Diaphus aff. splendidus (Brauer, 1904), Costa Vescovato (IRSNB P 9740). J. Diaphus cahuzaci Steurbaut, 1979, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9741). K. Lampadena aff. dea Fraser-Brunner, 1949, Torrente Stirone (IRSNB P 9742). L. Lampadena aff. speculigeroides Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf, 1996, Stazzano (IRSNB P 9743). M. Hygophum hygomii (Lütken, 1892), Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9744). N–O. Lampadena gracilis (Schubert, 1912); N. Alba, Tanaro (50 m), O. Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9745–P 9746). P–Q. Lobianchia gemellarii (Cocco, 1838), Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9747–P 9748). R. Hygophum derthonensis (Anfossi &amp; Mosna, 1969), Torrente Stirone (IRSNB P 9749). S–T. Lampanyctus latesulcatus Nolf &amp; Steurbaut, 1983, Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9750–P 9751). U. Merluccius cf. merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758), Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9752). V. Lobianchia dofleini (Zugmayer, 1911), Costa Vescovato (IRSNB P 9753). 1 = ventral view; 2 = inner view. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3829315" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3829315/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 5J</figureCitation>
) can be assigned to
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247CA5A654FACA914D" authorityName="Steurbaut" authorityYear="1979" box="[1258,1398,514,541]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahuzaci">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247CA5A654FB43914D" box="[1258,1279,515,540]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247D41A655FACA914D" box="[1294,1398,514,540]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">cahuzaci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the basis of the growth series illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59474CE247AAFA672FBA89111" author="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D." box="[736,1044,549,576]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="185 - 206" refId="ref21303" refString="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D. 2000. Diaphus otoliths from the European Neogene (Myctophidae, Teleostei). Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 70: 185 - 206." type="journal article" year="2000">Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf (2000</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 5, figs 1–6).
</paragraph>
<caption id="BD8F778C9476CE2678F2A25CFB6794BA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3829313" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3829313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3829313/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[189,231,1547,1573]" targetBox="[290,1298,265,1525]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="E94F27049476CE2678F2A25CFB6794BA" blockId="16.[189,1399,1547,2027]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE2678F2A25CFEB39574" bold="true" box="[189,271,1547,1573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
Tortonian fish otoliths from northern Italy.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267B7BA25CFCF59574" bold="true" box="[820,841,1547,1573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A</emphasis>
. G
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267B3CA25BFC589574" box="[883,996,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">onostoma</emphasis>
sp., Costa Vescovato (IRSNB P 9709).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE26795FA279FE9F9519" bold="true" box="[272,291,1582,1608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE26797DA279FE4D9519" box="[306,497,1582,1608]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gonostomatidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gonostomatidae</taxonomicName>
indet., Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9710).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267CC3A279FB7F9519" bold="true" box="[1164,1219,1582,1608]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C–E</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE267C9EA279FAF99519" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1887" box="[1233,1349,1582,1608]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sternoptychidae" genus="Polyipnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267C9EA279FAF99519" box="[1233,1349,1582,1608]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Polyipnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.;
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE2678F2A206FF6E953A" bold="true" box="[189,210,1617,1643]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C</emphasis>
. Sant’Alosio,
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE26793AA206FE10953A" bold="true" box="[373,428,1617,1643]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">D–E</emphasis>
. Stazzano (IRSNB P 9711–P 9713).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267B08A206FCE5953A" bold="true" box="[839,857,1617,1643]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">F</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE267B2AA206FBB0953A" box="[869,1036,1617,1643]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sternoptychidae" genus="Argyropelecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267B2AA206FBB0953A" box="[869,1036,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Argyropelecus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9714).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE26796DA224FE8595DC" bold="true" box="[290,313,1651,1677]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">G</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE26790AA223FE7A95DF" authorityName="McCulloch" authorityYear="1926" box="[325,454,1652,1678]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Phosichthyidae" genus="Polymetme" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE26790AA223FE7A95DF" box="[325,454,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Polymetme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9715).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267C62A223FBF895DF" bold="true" box="[1069,1092,1652,1678]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">H</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE267C1FA223FB7D95DF" box="[1104,1217,1652,1678]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Paralepididae" genus="Paralepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aulopiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267C1FA223FB7D95DF" box="[1104,1217,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Paralepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., Sant’Agata Fossili(IRSNB P 9716).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE26799CA2C0FE6295E0" bold="true" box="[467,478,1687,1713]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">I</emphasis>
.?
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE2679B9A2C1FDE595E1" authorityName="Grey" authorityYear="1959" box="[502,601,1686,1712]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gonostomatidae" genus="Woodsia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE2679B9A2C1FDE595E1" box="[502,601,1686,1712]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Woodsia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9717).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267CFCA2C0FB5B95E0" bold="true" box="[1203,1255,1687,1713]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">J–K</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE267CBEA2C1FE629582" authority="(Gmelin, 1789)" baseAuthorityName="Gmelin" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sternoptychidae" genus="Maurolicus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muelleri">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267CBEA2C1FEA29582" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Maurolicus muelleri</emphasis>
(Gmelin, 1789)
</taxonomicName>
, Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9718–P 9719).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267C4FA2EDFBAF9585" bold="true" box="[1024,1043,1722,1748]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">L</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE267C6BA2EEFEB895A7" authority="(Brauer, 1902)" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Actinopterygii" family="Scopelarchidae" genus="Scopelarchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aulopiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="analis">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267C6BA2EEFAB39582" box="[1060,1295,1721,1747]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Scopelarchus analis</emphasis>
(Brauer, 1902)
</taxonomicName>
, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9720).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267B1AA28BFC2895A7" bold="true" box="[853,916,1756,1782]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M–N</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE267BEBA28BFEBF9448" authority="(Esmark, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="Esmark" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sternoptychidae" genus="Valenciennellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stomiiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tripunctulatus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267BEBA28BFAB995A7" box="[932,1285,1756,1782]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Valenciennellus tripunctulatus</emphasis>
(Esmark, 1871)
</taxonomicName>
, Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9721–P 9722).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267B75A2A8FCED9448" bold="true" box="[826,849,1791,1817]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">O</emphasis>
.?
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE267B3FA2A8FC4C9448" authorityName="Harry" authorityYear="1953" box="[880,1008,1791,1817]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Paralepididae" genus="Lestrolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aulopiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267B3FA2A8FC4C9448" box="[880,1008,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Lestrolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9723).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267963A375FEDF946D" bold="true" box="[300,355,1826,1852]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P–Q</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE26793AA375FC1B946D" authority="(Anfossi &amp; Mosna, 1971)" baseAuthorityName="Anfossi &amp; Mosna" baseAuthorityYear="1971" box="[373,935,1826,1853]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Bolinichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="italicus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE26793AA375FDDA946D" box="[373,614,1826,1852]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Bolinichthys italicus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59476CE267A37A375FC22946D" author="Anfossi G. &amp; Mosna S." box="[632,926,1826,1853]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="138 - 147" refId="ref20979" refString="Anfossi G. &amp; Mosna S. 1971. Alcuni otoliti del Miocene medio-superiore Tortonese. Atti dell'Istituto geologico della Universita di Pavia 21: 138 - 147." type="journal article" year="1971">Anfossi &amp; Mosna, 1971</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9724–P 9725).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE26795FA312FE99940E" bold="true" box="[272,293,1861,1887]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE26797CA312FE7D940E" authorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1896" box="[307,449,1861,1887]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Benthosema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE26797CA312FE7D940E" box="[307,449,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Benthosema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
aff.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE2679B8A312FDE9940E" box="[503,597,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">glaciale</emphasis>
(Reinhardt, 1837), Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9726).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE2678F2A33FFF5394D3" bold="true" box="[189,239,1896,1922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S–T</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE26794EA33FFC8694D3" authority="Brzobohaty &amp; Schultz, 1978" authorityName="Brzobohaty &amp; Schultz" authorityYear="1978" box="[257,826,1896,1922]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Benthosema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fitchi">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE26794EA33FFE6894D3" box="[257,468,1896,1922]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Benthosema fitchi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59476CE267990A33FFC8694D3" author="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Schultz O." box="[479,826,1896,1922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="441 - 465" refId="ref21438" refString="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Schultz O. 1978. Die Fischfauna des Badeniens. In: Papp A., Cicha I., Senes J. &amp; Steininger F. (eds) M 4 Badenien (Moravien, Wielicien, Kosovien), Chronostratigraphie und Neostratotypen. Miozan der zentralen Paratethys 6: 441 - 465." type="journal article" year="1978">Brzobohatý &amp; Schultz, 1978</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267B06A33FFCE594D3" bold="true" box="[841,857,1896,1922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">S</emphasis>
. Costa Vescovato,
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267C0DA33FFBE994D3" bold="true" box="[1090,1109,1896,1922]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">T</emphasis>
. Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9727–P 9728).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE267922A3DCFE3E94F4" bold="true" box="[365,386,1931,1957]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">U</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE2679DFA3DCFC3B94F4" authority="Brzobohaty &amp; Nolf, 2000" authorityName="Brzobohaty &amp; Nolf" authorityYear="2000" box="[400,903,1931,1957]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="befralai">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE2679DFA3DCFDE994F4" box="[400,597,1931,1957]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diaphus befralai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59476CE267A14A3DCFC3B94F4" author="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D." box="[603,903,1931,1957]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="185 - 206" refId="ref21303" refString="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D. 2000. Diaphus otoliths from the European Neogene (Myctophidae, Teleostei). Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 70: 185 - 206." type="journal article" year="2000">Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9729).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE26795FA3F9FEED9499" bold="true" box="[272,337,1966,1992]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">V–W</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879476CE26792FA3FAFCC59499" authority="Brzobohaty &amp; Nolf, 2000" authorityName="Brzobohaty &amp; Nolf" authorityYear="2000" box="[352,889,1965,1992]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cavallonis">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169476CE26792FA3FAFDFD9496" box="[352,577,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diaphus cavallonis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59476CE267A06A3FAFCC59499" author="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D." box="[585,889,1965,1992]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="185 - 206" refId="ref21303" refString="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D. 2000. Diaphus otoliths from the European Neogene (Myctophidae, Teleostei). Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 70: 185 - 206." type="journal article" year="2000">Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Costa Vescovato (IRSNB P 9730–P 9731). 1 = ventral view; 2 = inner view; 3 = anterior view; 4 = posterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BD8F778C9477CE2778F2A1BDFC9C94BC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3829315" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3829315" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3829315/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[189,231,1514,1540]" targetBox="[298,1290,265,1505]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="E94F27049477CE2778F2A1BDFC9C94BC" blockId="17.[189,1399,1513,2029]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE2778F2A1BDFEB79555" bold="true" box="[189,267,1514,1540]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
Tortonian fish otoliths from northern Italy.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277B5DA1BDFC9B9555" bold="true" box="[786,807,1514,1540]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277B78A1BDFB3C9555" authority="Taning, 1918" authorityName="Taning" authorityYear="1918" box="[823,1152,1513,1540]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="holti">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277B78A1BDFC649555" box="[823,984,1514,1540]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diaphus holti</emphasis>
Tåning, 1918
</taxonomicName>
, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9732).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277A61A25AFDFD9576" bold="true" box="[558,577,1549,1575]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">B</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277A19A25AFBD29576" authority="Steurbaut, 1983" authorityName="Steurbaut" authorityYear="1983" box="[598,1134,1549,1575]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="metopoclampoides">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277A19A25AFC1C9576" box="[598,928,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diaphus metopoclampoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59477CE277BE2A25AFBD29576" author="Steurbaut E." box="[941,1134,1549,1575]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="255 - 263" refId="ref23951" refString="Steurbaut E. 1983. Les otolithes de teleosteens de la Formation de Tanaro (Langhien inferieur du Piemont, Italie septentrionale). Geologica et Paleontologica 17: 255 - 263." type="journal article" year="1983">Steurbaut, 1983</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9733).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277962A278FED89518" bold="true" box="[301,356,1583,1609]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C–E</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277938A278FD60951B" authority="Taning, 1932" authorityName="Taning" authorityYear="1932" box="[375,732,1583,1610]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277938A278FD8C9518" box="[375,560,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diaphus regani</emphasis>
Tåning, 1932
</taxonomicName>
, Montegibbio (IRSNB P 9734–P 9736).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277C84A278FABE9518" bold="true" box="[1227,1282,1583,1609]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">F–G</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277D5BA278FDAA953D" authority="(Robba, 1970)" baseAuthorityName="Robba" baseAuthorityYear="1970" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pedemontanus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277D5BA278FED9953D" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diaphus pedemontanus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59477CE27793CA205FDB1953D" author="Robba E." box="[371,525,1618,1644]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="89 - 172" refId="ref23575" refString="Robba E. 1970. Otoliti del Tortoniano-tipo (Piemonte). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia 76: 89 - 172." type="journal article" year="1970">Robba, 1970</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9737–P 9738).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277B92A204FC48953C" bold="true" box="[989,1012,1619,1645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">H</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277C4DA205FEB895DE" authority="(Cocco, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Cocco" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rafinesquii">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277C4DA205FBD9953D" box="[1026,1125,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diaphus</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277CD7A204FAA8953C" box="[1176,1300,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">rafinesquii</emphasis>
(Cocco, 1838)
</taxonomicName>
, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9739).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277B04A222FCEA95DE" bold="true" box="[843,854,1653,1679]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">I</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277B2BA222FC7B95DE" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann" authorityYear="1890" box="[868,967,1653,1679]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277B2BA222FC7B95DE" box="[868,967,1653,1679]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diaphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
aff.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277BB5A222FBCA95DE" box="[1018,1142,1653,1679]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">splendidus</emphasis>
(Brauer, 1904), Costa Vescovato (IRSNB P 9740).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277A4FA2CFFDB395E3" bold="true" box="[512,527,1688,1714]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">J</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277A54A2CFFC1A95E3" authority="Steurbaut, 1979" authorityName="Steurbaut" authorityYear="1979" box="[539,934,1688,1714]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahuzaci">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277A54A2CFFD5595E3" box="[539,745,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diaphus cahuzaci</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59477CE277AA1A2CFFC1A95E3" author="Steurbaut E." box="[750,934,1688,1714]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="50 - 91" refId="ref23917" refString="Steurbaut E. 1979. Les otolithes de teleosteens des Marnes de Saubrigues (Miocene d'Aquitaine meridionale, France). Palaeontographica A 166 (1 - 3): 50 - 91." type="journal article" year="1979">Steurbaut, 1979</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9741).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE27796BA2ECFE879584" bold="true" box="[292,315,1723,1749]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277906A2ECFC8D9584" authority="Fraser-Brunner, 1949" authorityName="Fraser-Brunner" authorityYear="1949" box="[329,817,1723,1750]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Lampadena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dea">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277906A2ECFE6E9584" box="[329,466,1723,1749]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lampadena</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277A49A2ECFD8C9584" box="[518,560,1723,1749]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">dea</emphasis>
Fraser-Brunner, 1949
</taxonomicName>
, Torrente Stirone (IRSNB P 9742).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277C83A2ECFB639584" bold="true" box="[1228,1247,1723,1749]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277CA2A2ECFACA9584" authorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1893" box="[1261,1398,1723,1749]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Lampadena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277CA2A2ECFACA9584" box="[1261,1398,1723,1749]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lampadena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
aff.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE2778A6A289FE2295A9" box="[233,414,1758,1784]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">speculigeroides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59477CE2779EDA289FD7495A9" author="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D." box="[418,712,1758,1784]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="151 - 176" refId="ref21249" refString="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D. 1996. Otolithes de myctophides (poissons teleosteens) des terrains tertiaires d'Europe: revision des genres Benthosema, Hygophum, Lampadena, Notoscopelus et Symbolophorus. Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 66: 151 - 176." type="journal article" year="1996">Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf, 1996</bibRefCitation>
, Stazzano (IRSNB P 9743).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277C49A289FB9D95A9" bold="true" box="[1030,1057,1758,1784]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277C62A289FEB8944A" authority="(Lutken, 1892)" baseAuthorityName="Lutken" baseAuthorityYear="1892" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Hygophum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hygomii">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277C62A289FAB395A9" box="[1069,1295,1758,1784]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Hygophum hygomii</emphasis>
(Lütken, 1892)
</taxonomicName>
, Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9744).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277B28A356FC1D944A" bold="true" box="[871,929,1793,1819]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N–O</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277BFDA356FACE944A" authority="(Schubert, 1912)" baseAuthorityName="Schubert" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[946,1394,1793,1819]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Lampadena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277BFDA356FB22944A" box="[946,1182,1793,1819]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lampadena gracilis</emphasis>
(Schubert, 1912)
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE2778F2A373FF6E946F" bold="true" box="[189,210,1828,1854]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">N</emphasis>
. Alba, Tanaro (50 m),
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277991A374FE49946C" bold="true" box="[478,501,1827,1853]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">O</emphasis>
. Mondovi, Madonna della Neve (IRSNB P 9745–P 9746).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277CE3A374FB5F946C" bold="true" box="[1196,1251,1827,1853]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P–Q</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277CBDA373FE599430" authority="(Cocco, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Cocco" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Lobianchia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gemellarii">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277CBDA373FE889430" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lobianchia gemellarii</emphasis>
(Cocco, 1838)
</taxonomicName>
, Sant’Alosio (IRSNB P 9747–P 9748).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277BE0A310FC789430" bold="true" box="[943,964,1863,1889]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">R</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277B9DA310FEDC94D5" authority="(Anfossi &amp; Mosna, 1969)" baseAuthorityName="Anfossi &amp; Mosna" baseAuthorityYear="1969" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Hygophum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="derthonensis">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277B9DA310FB529430" box="[978,1262,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Hygophum derthonensis</emphasis>
(Anfossi &amp; Mosna, 1969)
</taxonomicName>
, Torrente Stirone (IRSNB P 9749).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277ABCA33EFC9994D2" bold="true" box="[755,805,1897,1923]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S–T</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277B7DA33DFACE94D5" authority="Nolf &amp; Steurbaut, 1983" authorityName="Nolf &amp; Steurbaut" authorityYear="1983" box="[818,1394,1897,1924]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Lampanyctus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latesulcatus">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277B7DA33DFBE194D2" box="[818,1117,1897,1923]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lampanyctus latesulcatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59477CE277C2DA33EFACE94D5" author="Nolf D. &amp; Steurbaut E." box="[1122,1394,1897,1924]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="143 - 197" refId="ref23235" refString="Nolf D. &amp; Steurbaut E. 1983. Revision des otolithes de teleosteens du Tortonien stratotypique et de Montegibbio (Miocene Superieur d'Italie septentrionale). Mededelingen van de Werkgroep voor Tertiaire en Kwartaire Geologie 20: 143 - 197." type="journal article" year="1983">Nolf &amp; Steurbaut, 1983</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9750–P 9751).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277A87A3DBFD6194F7" bold="true" box="[712,733,1932,1958]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">U</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277AA4A3DBFB5594F6" authority="cf. merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758)" authorityName="cf. merluccius (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[747,1257,1932,1959]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Merlucciidae" genus="Merluccius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="merluccius">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277AA4A3DBFCD294F7" box="[747,878,1932,1958]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Merluccius</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277BD6A3DBFBA594F7" box="[921,1049,1932,1958]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">merluccius</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758)
</taxonomicName>
, Sant’Agata Fossili (IRSNB P 9752).
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE2779A6A3F8FE429498" bold="true" box="[489,510,1967,1993]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">V</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879477CE277A41A3F8FC6E9498" authority="(Zugmayer, 1911)" baseAuthorityName="Zugmayer" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[526,978,1967,1993]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Lobianchia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dofleini">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169477CE277A41A3F8FD4E9498" box="[526,754,1967,1993]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lobianchia dofleini</emphasis>
(Zugmayer, 1911)
</taxonomicName>
, Costa Vescovato (IRSNB P 9753). 1 = ventral view; 2 = inner view. Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E94F27049474CE2478F2A630FB8690EE" blockId="18.[189,1399,615,959]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
The otoliths of
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247936A63FFDBB91D0" authorityName="Steurbaut" authorityYear="1979" box="[377,519,615,642]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahuzaci">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247936A63FFE3291D0" box="[377,398,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE2479D0A630FDBB91D0" box="[415,519,615,641]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">cahuzaci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resemble those of another species,
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247BF7A630FA8291D0" authority="Norman, 1930" authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1930" box="[952,1342,615,642]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taaningi">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247BF7A630FB3B91D0" box="[952,1159,615,641]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Diaphus taaningi</emphasis>
Norman, 1930
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59474CE2478F2A6DDFE5C91F5" author="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D." box="[189,480,650,676]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="185 - 206" refId="ref21303" refString="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D. 2000. Diaphus otoliths from the European Neogene (Myctophidae, Teleostei). Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 70: 185 - 206." type="journal article" year="2000">Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf 2000</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 2, figs 7–12 and pl. 5, figs 1–6, respectively); their small size further impedes an offhand distinction. Key features for distinguishing these species are the shape of the posterior and dorsal rims: these are both straight in
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247A3DA685FD4491BA" authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1930" box="[626,760,721,747]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taaningi">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247A3DA685FD3B91BA" box="[626,647,722,747]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247AD9A685FD4491BA" box="[662,760,722,747]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">taaningi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but more curved in
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247BAEA685FBD091BA" authorityName="Steurbaut" authorityYear="1979" box="[993,1132,721,747]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahuzaci">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247BAEA685FC4A91BA" box="[993,1014,722,747]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247C4BA686FBD091BA" box="[1028,1132,721,747]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">cahuzaci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. On this basis, otoliths from Montaldo Torinese previously assigned to
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247ABDA6A2FCC5905F" authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1930" box="[754,889,757,783]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taaningi">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247ABDA6A2FCBB905F" box="[754,775,757,782]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247B58A6A2FCC5905F" box="[791,889,757,782]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">taaningi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59474CE247BEAA6A3FBDD905E" author="Lin C. - H. &amp; Girone A. &amp; Nolf D." box="[933,1121,756,783]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="249 - 261" refId="ref22326" refString="Lin C. - H., Girone A. &amp; Nolf D. 2015. Tortonian fish otoliths from turbiditic deposits in northern Italy: taxonomic and stratigraphic significance. Geobios 48: 249 - 261. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2015.03.003" type="journal article" year="2015">
Lin
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247B99A6A2FBB6905F" box="[982,1034,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. (2015
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2(12, 13)) are here attributed to
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247916A74FFE5B9060" authorityName="Steurbaut" authorityYear="1979" box="[345,487,791,818]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahuzaci">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247916A74FFED29060" box="[345,366,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247930A740FE5B9060" box="[383,487,791,817]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">cahuzaci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is also worth mentioning that the stratigraphic range of
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247CF6A74FFAFE9060" authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1930" box="[1209,1346,792,818]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taaningi">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247CF6A74FFB729060" box="[1209,1230,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247CAFA74FFAFE9060" box="[1248,1346,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">taaningi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE2478F2A76BFD179004" authority="in Brzobohaty &amp; Nolf (2000" authorityName="in Brzobohaty &amp; Nolf" authorityYear="2000" box="[189,683,827,853]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahuzaci">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE2478F2A76BFF6E9004" box="[189,210,828,853]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE2478ADA76CFEF69004" box="[226,330,827,853]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">cahuzaci</emphasis>
in
<bibRefCitation id="8D615AF59474CE24793CA76CFD179004" author="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D." box="[371,683,827,853]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="185 - 206" refId="ref21303" refString="Brzobohaty R. &amp; Nolf D. 2000. Diaphus otoliths from the European Neogene (Myctophidae, Teleostei). Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 70: 185 - 206." type="journal article" year="2000">Brzobohatý &amp; Nolf (2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: fig. 2) has to be amended:
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247BB9A76BFBC19004" authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1930" box="[1014,1149,827,853]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taaningi">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247BB9A76BFBB79004" box="[1014,1035,828,853]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247C54A76BFBC19004" box="[1051,1149,828,853]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">taaningi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not represented in the Tortonian and the range of
<taxonomicName id="2EF05C879474CE247A68A708FD0F9029" authorityName="in Brzobohaty &amp; Nolf" authorityYear="2000" box="[551,691,862,888]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Myctophidae" genus="Diaphus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myctophiformes" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cahuzaci">
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247A68A708FD809029" box="[551,572,863,888]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="DB84FB169474CE247A04A709FD0F9029" box="[587,691,862,888]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">cahuzaci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Serravallian is now shifted to the Tortonian since this record is based on material from the Tortonian deposits at Mondovi, Madonna della Neve, a locality that was incorrectly considered to be Serravallian at the time (see Locality data).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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