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<document id="A92C465ECCEC443B402C873A4E00228D" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.184.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5153177" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1627591359966" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Fernandes, Rozijane Santos, Yesilyurt, Jovita Cislinski &amp; Salino, Alexandre" docDate="2014" docId="E71887A7FFE8F57DFADF819A0F9B71AF" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.184.1.001-011.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 184 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.184.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Meniscium divergens R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="1B21FFDFFFE9F57EFA57830E0E177415" masterDocTitle="New species and combinations in Meniscium (Thelypteridaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="11" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1699030097389" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="6583A03F13F9E4A18F54A755709089BF" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8AD5A6FCDBB80AEFA68165174242F17F">
<mods:title id="1D91D5BA0FA5FCB60E1DD77B85B374CA">New species and combinations in Meniscium (Thelypteridaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A0B0F73D05E05886C0CCDDE9A58FC8B9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="61CCC87BBA8290C8859A3D2B4BB3D2A5">
<mods:roleTerm id="4228B52F5E9E165EBACD6BD4A66EF6CA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="42E417E8F3298D7FB23F4DD0FFE58CD7">Fernandes, Rozijane Santos</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D9F5556299819F49337FB0E810CC641D">Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, Caixa Postal 486, 30123 - 970, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F59A99917C98F0563B956AF87014667E">Yesilyurt, Jovita Cislinski</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="51BEE157F4258732CE138EF686D1F113">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Rd, SW 7 5 BD London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="24718CAD4B8D04B017D43E1A8A7D165D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CCB36671F682A69595408A368A5832E4">Salino, Alexandre</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5093E611B98AE75A4878CE1354D3DBE5">Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, Caixa Postal 486, 30123 - 970, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:titleInfo id="7AAE1E60DBFA7FE937DE3F5E288E1D8C">
<mods:title id="B601CF45C6BAA2BE46EF3511C099321A">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="170600D52D4CC05478F22584E91B8095">
<mods:date id="8DBEA4E70F02573E2EAF91C03E7F4901">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="101C716041BD2269284B4334D7CAC96A">2014-10-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F4F205801B2D29D031E372C8212460FF">184</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="1B75C06220F3AA8C64CE3B2CC6093237">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.184.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="8B4B065860FC1EE3DAA806A3C94AD32F" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.184.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2568EE5115D0DC352311EA91FEB0918D" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E71887A7FFE8F57DFADF819A0F9B71AF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5152375" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5152375" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E71887A7FFE8F57DFADF819A0F9B71AF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E71887A7FFE8F57DFADF819A0F9B71AF" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<subSubSection id="27AB653AFFE8F57FFADF819A0A0176BB" box="[136,1046,660,687]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6F0E36B1FFE8F57FFADF819A0A0176BB" blockId="1.[136,1046,660,687]" box="[136,1046,660,687]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<heading id="344681DDFFE8F57FFADF819A0A0176BB" box="[136,1046,660,687]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FFADF819A0C8076BB" ID-CoL="3ZQQ2" authority="R.S.Fernandes &amp; Salino" authorityName="R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino" authorityYear="2014" box="[136,663,660,687]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="divergens" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFADF819A0F6976BA" bold="true" box="[136,382,660,687]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Meniscium divergens</emphasis>
R.S.Fernandes &amp; Salino
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FF8F5819B0CE076BB" box="[674,759,661,686]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46F657D8FFE8F57FF8F5819B0CE076BB" box="[674,759,661,686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(Figs. 1A–D; 3A; 4C–D)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27AB653AFFE8F57FFADF81EE0FEC7793" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="6F0E36B1FFE8F57FFADF81EE0FEC7793" blockId="1.[136,1452,736,974]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FFADF81EE0F4376E0" ID-CoL="3ZQQ2" authorityName="R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino" authorityYear="2014" box="[136,340,736,757]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="divergens">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFADF81EE0F4376E0" box="[136,340,736,757]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Meniscium divergens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FF85D81EE0AC976E3" ID-CoL="3ZQQV" authority="(Maxon &amp; Morton 1938: 362) Jermy &amp; Walker (1985: 276)" authorityName="Jermy &amp; Walker" authorityPageNumber="276" authorityYear="1985" baseAuthorityName="Maxon &amp; Morton" baseAuthorityPageNumber="362" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[522,1246,736,758]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nesioticum">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FF85D81EE0C8576E0" box="[522,658,736,757]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">M. nesioticum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B204B40FFE8F57FF8F781EE0DA176E0" author="Maxon, W. R. &amp; Morton, C. V." box="[672,950,736,757]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="347 - 376" refId="ref6839" refString="Maxon, W. R. &amp; Morton, C. V. (1938) The American species of Dryopteris subgenus Meniscium. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 65: 347 - 376. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 2481218" type="journal article" year="1938">
Maxon &amp; Morton
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FF90381EE0DA176E0" box="[852,950,736,757]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1938: 362</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="0B204B40FFE8F57FF99281EE0AC976E3" author="Jermy, A. C. &amp; Walker, T. G." box="[965,1246,736,758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="251 - 276" refId="ref6682" refString="Jermy, A. C. &amp; Walker, T. G. (1985) Cytotaxonomic studies of the ferns of Trinidad. Bulletin of the British Museum Natural History Botany 13 (2): 251 - 276." type="journal article" year="1985">Jermy &amp; Walker (1985: 276)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, with which it shares dimorphic fronds, and
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FFBCC800A0A5F770F" ID-CoL="3ZQPR" authority="(Smith &amp; Lellinger 1985: 918) R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino" authorityName="R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino" baseAuthorityName="Smith &amp; Lellinger" baseAuthorityPageNumber="918" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[411,1096,772,794]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cocleanum">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFBCC800A0C33770C" box="[411,548,772,793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">M. cocleanum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B204B40FFE8F57FF866800A0D59770F" author="Smith, A. R. &amp; Lellinger D. B." box="[561,846,772,794]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="916 - 930" refId="ref7736" refString="Smith, A. R. &amp; Lellinger D. B. (1985) New Tropical American Species of Thelypteris (Pteridophyta). Proceeding of the Biological Society of Washington 98 (4): 916 - 930." type="journal article" year="1985">Smith &amp; Lellinger 1985: 918</bibRefCitation>
) R.S.Fernandes &amp; Salino
</taxonomicName>
, with which it shares pinnae that are glabrous abaxially. It differs from these species mainly by the presence of 5–6 pinnae pairs, 5–6 rows of areoles between the costa and pinna margin in sterile pinnae and 3–4 areole rows in fertile pinnae, sori on the cross-veins, sori not confluent at maturity, and sporangial stalks with trichomes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFADF809A0ECD77BC" bold="true" box="[136,218,916,937]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="DFD93CECFFE8F57FFA8D809A0A7477D8" collectingDate="1993-11-13" collectionCode="T, W, NY" collectorName="T. W. Henkel" country="Guyana" elevation="1350" latitude="5.0666666" location="Mt. Wokomung" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-59.883335" municipality="Pakaraima Mts" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni" typeStatus="holotype">
<materialsCitation id="DFD93CECFFE8F57FFA8D809A0C8B77D8" collectingDate="1993-11-13" collectionCode="T, W" country="Guyana" elevation="1350" latitude="5.0666666" location="Mt. Wokomung" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-59.883335" municipality="Pakaraima Mts" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="17A67621FFE8F57FFA8D809A0F5477BC" box="[218,323,916,937]" name="Guyana" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">GUYANA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="AD75F853FFE8F57FFB1D809A0C2777BF" box="[330,560,916,938]" country="Guyana" name="Potaro-Siparuni" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Potaro-Siparuni Region</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="8F6AACCBFFE8F57FF86F809A0CDD77BC" box="[568,714,916,938]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Pakaraima Mts</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="6A6E606AFFE8F57FF885809A0D7077BF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E71887A7FFE8F57DFADF819A0F9B71AF:6A6E606AFFE8F57FF885809A0D7077BF" box="[722,871,916,938]" country="Guyana" latitude="5.0666666" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-59.883335" municipality="Pakaraima Mts" name="Mt. Wokomung" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni">Mt. Wokomung</location>
top slope
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NW from northern escarpment,
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,
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,
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</quantity>
,
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<collectingDate id="0B4BE999FFE8F57FFBE780B60C7C77D8" box="[432,619,952,974]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="1993-11-13">13 November 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
,
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.
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</emphasis>
</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FF8CB80B60CB777D8" box="[668,672,952,973]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FF8F280B60D4277D8" box="[677,853,952,973]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<location id="6A6E606AFFE8F57FF8F280B60CFE77D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E71887A7FFE8F57DFADF819A0F9B71AF:6A6E606AFFE8F57FF8F280B60CFE77D8" box="[677,745,952,973]" country="Guyana" latitude="5.0666666" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="-59.883335" municipality="Pakaraima Mts" name="Henkel" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni">Henkel</location>
et al. 4368
</emphasis>
(
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<collectionCode id="09A0AE74FFE8F57FF9EA80B60DC877D8" box="[957,991,952,973]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
, isotypes
<collectionCode id="09A0AE74FFE8F57FFE6A80B60A4877D8" box="[1085,1119,952,973]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
,
</materialsCitation>
</materialsCitation>
<collectingCountry id="17A67621FFE8F57FFE3F80B60A9D77DB" box="[1128,1162,952,974]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">US</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F0E36B1FFE8F57FFADF80F20A507227" blockId="1.[136,1452,1020,2091]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Plants rupicolous or terrestrial. Rhizomes short-creeping. Fronds dimorphic, the fertile with longer petioles and pinnae smaller and narrower than sterile ones; sterile fronds
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FF8AD872E0D7A702E" box="[762,877,1056,1083]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" metricValueMax="9.7" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="71.0" valueMax="97.0" valueMin="45.0">45–97 cm</quantity>
long, petiole
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FFE44872E0A92702E" box="[1043,1157,1056,1083]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="31.5" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="21.0">21–42 cm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FFF57872E0B9C702E" box="[1280,1419,1056,1083]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="3.15" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.8 mm</quantity>
in diameter at base, laminae
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FFBE4874A0C33704A" box="[435,548,1092,1119]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="38.5" valueMax="53.0" valueMin="24.0">24–53 cm</quantity>
long, pinnae 15.0–21.5 ×
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FF904874A0DC2704A" box="[851,981,1092,1119]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="2.4">2.4–3.6 cm</quantity>
, oblong-lanceolate; fertile fronds
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FFF00874A0EBD7096" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="7.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="89.0" valueMax="105.0" valueMin="73.0">73–105 cm</quantity>
long, petioles
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FFB0F87660FDD7096" box="[344,458,1128,1155]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="57.0" valueMax="61.0" valueMin="53.0">53–61 cm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FF81587660CDB7096" box="[578,716,1128,1155]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="2.95" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="2.3">2.3–3.6 mm</quantity>
in diameter, at base laminae
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FFE7487660A827096" box="[1059,1173,1128,1155]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="32.0" valueMax="44.0" valueMin="20.0">20–44 cm</quantity>
long, pinnae 10.5–17 × 1.0–
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FFAED87820F1F70B2" box="[186,264,1164,1191]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="1.8">1.8 cm</quantity>
, linear lanceolate. Petiole brown at base, stramineous to greenish further up, glabrous. Laminae 1-pinnate, membranaceous. Rachis glabrous. Buds absent. Aerophores absent. Pinnae 5–6 pairs, short–petiolulate (
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FFF7587BE0BBB70DE" box="[1314,1452,1200,1227]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="2.35" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="1.6">1.6–3.1 mm</quantity>
long) to sessile in the distal pinnae, base rounded to cuneate in the basal pinnae, and asymmetric (basiscopic side rounded and acroscopic side excavate and parallel to the rachis) in the distal pinnae, margin entire or undulate, apex acuminate to caudate; adaxial surface of costae glabrous or sparsely pubescent, with acicular to ciliform trichomes mostly
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FFA8B864E0F73714E" box="[220,356,1344,1371]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
long, veins and laminar surface between the veins glabrous, abaxial surface of costae, veins and laminar surface between the veins glabrous; venation regularly anastomosing, forming 5–6 areole rows in sterile pinnae and 3–4 areole rows in fertile pinnae between costae and pinnae margin, veins arising from costae of fertile pinnae ca. 10–12 and sterile 8–9 per
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FF86286A20C6571D2" box="[565,626,1452,1479]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
; cross-veins arcuate (fertile) or subsinuate (sterile), uniting at an obtuse (fertile) or acute (sterile) angle, giving rise to a free excurrent veinlet. Sori oblong, on the cross-veins, not confluent at maturity, receptacle setose with acicular trichomes; sporangial stalks glabrous or with acicular trichomes to
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FFF0186FA0BBB721A" box="[1366,1452,1524,1551]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
long. Spores monolete, ellipsoidal, with echinulate surface with low, dense echinulae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27AB653AFFE8F57FFAEA85320AE1728A" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="6F0E36B1FFE8F57FFAEA85320AE1728A" blockId="1.[136,1452,1020,2091]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFAEA85320C1C7243" bold="true" box="[189,523,1596,1622]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Distribution and Habitat:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FF85C85330CEE7243" authorityName="R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino" authorityYear="2014" box="[523,761,1596,1622]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="divergens">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FF85C85330CEE7243" box="[523,761,1596,1622]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Meniscium divergens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to the Guayana Shield, with collections only from the
<collectingRegion id="AD75F853FFE8F57FFAE6856E0FAE726F" box="[177,441,1632,1658]" country="Guyana" name="Potaro-Siparuni" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Potaro-Siparuni Region</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="17A67621FFE8F57FFB90856E0C36726F" box="[455,545,1632,1658]" name="Guyana" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Guyana</collectingCountry>
) where it apparently grows inside or along the edges of cloud forests in soils with thick layers of organic matter on brown sand and with occasional sandstone outcrops at
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FFE35858A0AE5728A" box="[1122,1266,1668,1695]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="1050.0" valueMax="1400.0" valueMin="700.0">700–1400 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27AB653AFFE8F57DFAEA85A60F9B71AF" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="6F0E36B1FFE8F57FFAEA85A60D7972D7" blockId="1.[136,1452,1020,2091]" box="[189,878,1704,1731]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFAEA85A60F7372D7" bold="true" box="[189,356,1704,1730]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Etymology:—</emphasis>
Epithet refers to the dimorphism of the fronds.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F0E36B1FFE8F57FFAEA85C20D5C733B" blockId="1.[136,1452,1020,2091]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<materialsCitation id="DFD93CECFFE8F57FFAEA85C20A6872F3" box="[189,1151,1740,1766]" country="Guyana" location="Potaro-Siparuni Region" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFAEA85C20CFA72F3" bold="true" box="[189,749,1740,1766]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Additional specimens examined (
<typeStatus id="B00A8813FFE8F57FF81085C20CD472F3" box="[583,707,1740,1766]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):—
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="17A67621FFE8F57FF8BA85C20D7072F3" box="[749,871,1740,1766]" name="Guyana" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">GUYANA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="AD75F853FFE8F57FF92585C20A6872F3" box="[882,1151,1740,1766]" country="Guyana" name="Potaro-Siparuni" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Potaro-Siparuni Region</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation id="DFD93CECFFE8F57FFEDD85C30D5F733B" collectingDate="2001-06-04" collectingDateMax="2001-06-30" collectingDateMin="2001-06-04" collectionCode="H, NY" collectorName="H. D. Clarke &amp; D. Clarke" country="United States of America" elevation="712" latitude="5.3344445" location="Mt. Ayanganna" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.925003" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni">
<location id="6A6E606AFFE8F57FFEDD85C30B2F72F3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E71887A7FFE8F57DFADF819A0F9B71AF:6A6E606AFFE8F57FFEDD85C30B2F72F3" box="[1162,1336,1740,1767]" country="United States of America" latitude="5.3344445" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.925003" name="Mt. Ayanganna" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Potaro-Siparuni">Mt. Ayanganna</location>
, east face, base of first of three escarpments.
<geoCoordinate id="0A855076FFE8F57FF85F85FE0C8F731E" box="[520,664,1776,1803]" degrees="05" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" seconds="04" value="5.3344445">05°20’04’’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0A855076FFE8F57FF8F385FE0D20731E" box="[676,823,1776,1803]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-59.925003">59°55’30’’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FF91585FE0D9C731E" box="[834,907,1776,1803]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.12" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="712.0">
<elevation id="E49CD182FFE8F57FF91585FE0D9C731E" box="[834,907,1776,1803]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.12" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="712.0">712 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="1B0F1071FFE8F57FF9C085FE0A09731F" box="[919,1054,1776,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2001-06-04">
<collectingDate id="0B4BE999FFE8F57FF9C085FE0A09731F" box="[919,1054,1776,1803]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2001-06-04">4 June 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFE7B85FF0B24731F" box="[1068,1331,1776,1802]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<collectorName id="C2445367FFE8F57FFE7B85FF0AA1731F" box="[1068,1206,1776,1802]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<collectionCode id="09A0AE74FFE8F57FFE7B85FF0A52731F" box="[1068,1093,1777,1802]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
.D. Clarke
</collectorName>
et al. 8961
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="09A0AE74FFE8F57FFF1585FE0B7C731F" box="[1346,1387,1776,1802]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
,
<collectingCountry id="17A67621FFE8F57FFF2185FE0B89731F" box="[1398,1438,1776,1802]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">US</collectingCountry>
); same locality,
<date id="1B0F1071FFE8F57FFB7E841A0FD6733B" box="[297,449,1812,1839]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2001-06-30">
<collectingDate id="0B4BE999FFE8F57FFB7E841A0FD6733B" box="[297,449,1812,1839]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2001-06-30">30 June 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFB9B841B0C99733B" box="[460,654,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<collectorName id="C2445367FFE8F57FFB9B841B0C41733B" box="[460,598,1812,1838]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<collectionCode id="09A0AE74FFE8F57FFB9B841B0FF2733B" box="[460,485,1813,1838]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
.D. Clarke
</collectorName>
et al
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FF8CB841A0CC3733B" box="[668,724,1812,1838]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">9677</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="09A0AE74FFE8F57FF8B5841A0D1C733B" box="[738,779,1812,1838]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
,
<collectingCountry id="17A67621FFE8F57FF940841A0D28733B" box="[791,831,1812,1838]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">US</collectingCountry>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F0E36B1FFE8F57CFAEA84360CF87515" blockId="1.[136,1452,1020,2091]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1452,158,544]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFAEA84360F317347" bold="true" box="[189,294,1848,1874]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Notes:—</emphasis>
In the genus
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FFBED84370C227347" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1791" box="[442,565,1849,1874]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFBED84370C227347" box="[442,565,1849,1874]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Meniscium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, only three species have dimorphic fronds—
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FFE6184370F127363" authority="Kunze (1839: 44)" authorityName="Kunze" authorityPageNumber="44" authorityYear="1839" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrophyllum">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFE6184370B4D7347" box="[1078,1370,1848,1874]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Meniscium macrophyllum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0B204B40FFE8F57FFF3584370F127363" author="Kunze, G." pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="44 - 45" refId="ref6746" refString="Kunze, G. (1839) 362. Meniscium macrophyllum. Flora 22 (1), Beiblatt 3: 44 - 45." type="journal article" year="1839">Kunze (1839: 44)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFB4184530FD67363" box="[278,449,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FFB4184530FAA7363" authorityName="Jermy &amp; Walker" authorityYear="1985" baseAuthorityName="Maxon &amp; Morton" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[278,445,1885,1910]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nesioticum">M. nesioticum</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FF85584530C8F7363" authorityName="R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino" authorityYear="2014" box="[514,664,1884,1910]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="divergens">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FF85584530C8F7363" box="[514,664,1884,1910]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">M. divergens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—and they all occur in
<collectingCountry id="17A67621FFE8F57FF9ED84520A027363" box="[954,1045,1884,1910]" name="Guyana" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Guyana</collectingCountry>
.
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FFE7384530B5B7363" authorityName="Kunze" authorityYear="1839" box="[1060,1356,1884,1910]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrophyllum">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFE7384530B5B7363" box="[1060,1356,1884,1910]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Meniscium macrophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FFFDA84530F16738F" authorityName="Jermy &amp; Walker" authorityYear="1985" baseAuthorityName="Maxon &amp; Morton" baseAuthorityYear="1938" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nesioticum">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFFDA84530F16738F" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">M. nesioticum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are distinct from the new species in having acrostichoid sori and pilose abaxial surfaces of costae and veins. In addition,
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FFB5984AB0FC473AB" authorityName="Kunze" authorityYear="1839" box="[270,467,1956,1982]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrophyllum">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFB5984AB0FC473AB" box="[270,467,1956,1982]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">M. macrophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has sterile pinnae
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FF8C984AA0D0E73AA" box="[670,793,1956,1983]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="7.8" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="6.75" valueMax="7.8" valueMin="5.7">5.7–7.8 cm</quantity>
wide, fertile pinnae
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FF9AB84AA0A6073AA" box="[1020,1143,1956,1983]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="2.95" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.7">2.7–3.2 cm</quantity>
wide, and oblong to elliptic pinnae.
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FFAB684C70F9773F7" authorityName="Jermy &amp; Walker" authorityYear="1985" baseAuthorityName="Maxon &amp; Morton" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[225,384,1993,2018]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nesioticum">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FFAB684C70F9773F7" box="[225,384,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">M. nesioticum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 7–11 pinnae pairs, fertile pinnae with 6–13 areole rows between costae and margin, fertile lamina with curved trichomes on abaxial side of costae, sori usually appearing to cover the lamina (acrostichoid) and sporangia glabrous. In comparison,
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFE8F57FF84B8B1F0CB97C3F" authorityName="R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino" authorityYear="2014" box="[540,686,2064,2090]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="divergens">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFE8F57FF84B8B1F0CB97C3F" box="[540,686,2064,2090]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">M. divergens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has sterile pinnae
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FF9D68B1E0DE87C3E" box="[897,1023,2064,2091]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="2.4">2.4–3.6 cm</quantity>
wide, fertile pinnae 1.0–
<quantity id="A8499B54FFE8F57FFF4C8B1E0B717C3E" box="[1307,1382,2064,2091]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="cm" value="1.8">1.8 cm</quantity>
wide, and linear–lanceolate to oblong pinnae, as well as 5–6 pinnae pairs, fertile pinnae with 3–4 areole rows between costa and margin, fertile laminae glabrous abaxially, sori oblong, on the cross–veins, not confluent at maturity (Fig. 1A–D), and sporangia stalks with acicular trichomes (Fig. 3A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F0E36B1FFEBF57CFAEA82040F737585" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,544]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
Although with a distinct geographical distribution (
<collectingCountry id="17A67621FFEBF57CF95382040D767531" box="[772,865,266,292]" name="Panama" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Panama</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="17A67621FFEBF57CF93982040DFE7531" box="[878,1001,266,292]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="17A67621FFEBF57CFE7482040A8C7530" box="[1059,1179,266,293]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
),
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFEBF57CFEF882050BBC7531" authorityName="R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino" baseAuthorityName="Smith &amp; Lellinger" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[1199,1451,266,292]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cocleanum">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CFEF882050BBC7531" box="[1199,1451,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Meniscium cocleanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFEBF57CFB0382210FF1755D" authorityName="R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino" authorityYear="2014" box="[340,486,302,329]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="divergens">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CFB0382210F7C755D" box="[340,363,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CFB2D82200FF1755D" box="[378,486,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">divergens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CF83782200C85755D" box="[608,658,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">both</emphasis>
sides of laminar surface between the veins glabrous but differs by the presence of buds on the axils of the distal pinnae, 7–10 areole rows between costa and margin in fertile pinnae, and glabrous sporangia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F0E36B1FFEBF57CFAEA82940F0F7635" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,544]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
The spores have not been used to distinguish species within
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFEBF57CF93182950DF675A1" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1791" box="[870,993,411,436]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CF93182950DF675A1" box="[870,993,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Meniscium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the past. However, they provide good characters, not only at the generic level (
<bibRefCitation id="0B204B40FFEBF57CF81082B00D2675CD" author="Tryon, R. M. &amp; Tryon, A. F." box="[583,817,446,473]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refId="ref8048" refString="Tryon, R. M. &amp; Tryon, A. F. (1982) Fern and allied plants, with special reference to Tropical America. Springer Verlag, New York, 857 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4613 - 8162 - 4" type="book" year="1982">Tryon &amp; Tryon 1982</bibRefCitation>
) but also for separating closely related species. Spores of
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFEBF57CFADF82ED0F0E75E9" authorityName="R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino" authorityYear="2014" box="[136,281,482,508]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="divergens">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CFADF82ED0F0E75E9" box="[136,281,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. divergens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are echinulate (Fig. 4C–D), cristate-reticulate in
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFEBF57CF96B82ED0DCD75E9" authorityName="Jermy &amp; Walker" authorityYear="1985" baseAuthorityName="Maxon &amp; Morton" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[828,986,483,508]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nesioticum">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CF96B82ED0DCD75E9" box="[828,986,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. nesioticum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 4E–F) and winged in
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFEBF57CFF5A82ED0BBC75E9" authorityName="R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino" baseAuthorityName="Smith &amp; Lellinger" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[1293,1451,482,508]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cocleanum">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CFF5A82ED0BBC75E9" box="[1293,1451,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">M. cocleanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 4A–B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F0E36B1FFEBF57CFADF84550C9F73AC" blockId="2.[136,1451,1883,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CFADF84550EF27364" bold="true" box="[136,229,1883,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURE</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CFB5384520FC07365" box="[260,471,1883,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFEBF57CFB5384520FC37365" authorityName="R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino" authorityYear="2014" box="[260,468,1883,1905]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="divergens">Meniscium divergens</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CFB8B84550FFA7365" bold="true" box="[476,493,1883,1904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">A</emphasis>
. Habit.
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CF86B84550C5B7365" bold="true" box="[572,588,1883,1904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">B</emphasis>
. Detail of the abaxial surface of fertile pinnae showing sori oblong on the cross-veins.
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CFFC384550BB27364" bold="true" box="[1428,1445,1883,1905]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C</emphasis>
. Detail of the abaxial surface of sterile pinnae showing venation.
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CF8A284710D117381" bold="true" box="[757,774,1919,1940]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">D</emphasis>
. Detail of a sorus showing acicular trichomes. (A from
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CFF49848E0EC073AD" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">H.D. Clarke et al. 9677</emphasis>
NY; B–D from
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEBF57CFB2584AA0C4F73AD" box="[370,600,1955,1977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">T.W. Henkel et al. 4368,</emphasis>
NY)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F0E36B1FFEAF57DFADF86520F9B71AF" blockId="3.[136,1452,1372,1466]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEAF57DFADF86520EF27167" bold="true" box="[136,229,1372,1394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURE</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEAF57DFB5486530FFB7164" box="[259,492,1372,1394]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="A8B14D32FFEAF57DFB5486530FFF7164" authorityName="R. S. Fernandes &amp; Salino" authorityYear="2014" box="[259,488,1372,1394]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" genus="Meniscium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triangularis">Meniscium triangularis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEAF57DFBA686520C157164" bold="true" box="[497,514,1372,1393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A</emphasis>
. Habit.
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEAF57DF81886530C487167" bold="true" box="[591,607,1373,1394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">B</emphasis>
. Detail of the abaxial surface of fertile pinnae showing sori round on the cross-veins.
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEAF57DFFC386520BB27167" bold="true" box="[1428,1445,1372,1394]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C</emphasis>
. Detail of the abaxial surface of costae showing trichomes and scales.
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEAF57DF977868F0D267183" bold="true" box="[800,817,1409,1430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D</emphasis>
. Scales of the abaxial surface of costae and veins. (All from
<emphasis id="5DC5EAA3FFEAF57DFF21868F0F4B71AF" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">W. D. Rodríguez et al. 4115,</emphasis>
NY)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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