132 lines
10 KiB
XML
132 lines
10 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.453.8511" ID-GBIF-Dataset="70d742be-bc89-4427-9e75-dbf1a6b6e148" ID-PMC="PMC4258626" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-453-37" ID-PubMed="25493059" ID-ZBK="F974227D67614AD4880D3F5706E91D47" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-453-37" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 453" ModsDocTitle="Review of Afrotropical Figitinae (Figitidae, Cynipoidea, Hymenoptera) with the first records of Neralsia and Lonchidia for the region" checkinTime="1451245139623" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="van Noort, Simon, Buffington, Matthew L. & Forshage, Mattias" docDate="2014" docId="996E1E60279F7B7B1F7245FF7D8A3045" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 453: 37-69" docOrigin="ZooKeys 453" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.453.8511" docTitle="Xyalophora Kieffer 1901" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="FA45882F50010F0DFFD4FFAC0551FFBD" masterDocTitle="Review of Afrotropical Figitinae (Figitidae, Cynipoidea, Hymenoptera) with the first records of Neralsia and Lonchidia for the region" masterLastPageNumber="69" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1668159591486" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
|
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>Review of Afrotropical Figitinae (Figitidae, Cynipoidea, Hymenoptera) with the first records of Neralsia and Lonchidia for the region</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>van Noort, Simon</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Buffington, Matthew L.</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Forshage, Mattias</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part>
|
|
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number>453</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start>37</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end>69</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location>
|
|
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.453.8511</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.453.8511</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-453-37</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">F974227D67614AD4880D3F5706E91D47</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F974227D67614AD4880D3F5706E91D47</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152056298" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:996E1E60279F7B7B1F7245FF7D8A3045" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/996E1E60279F7B7B1F7245FF7D8A3045" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="13" pageNumber="50">
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="50" type="multiple">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="50">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Figitidae</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="50">
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Kieffer, 1901" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1901" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyalophora" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xyalophora Kieffer, 1901</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="50" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="50">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyalophora" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xyalophora</taxonomicName>
|
|
Kieffer, 1901: 344. Type species:
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Figites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Figites clavatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clavatus">Figites clavatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
Giraud, 1860, by monotypy and original designation.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="50">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceraspidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceraspidia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ceraspidia</taxonomicName>
|
|
Belizin, 1952: 301. Type species:
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceraspidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceraspidia japonica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">Ceraspidia japonica</taxonomicName>
|
|
Belizin, 1952, by monotypy and original designation.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="50">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyalophora" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xyalophora</taxonomicName>
|
|
shares the presence of a scutellar spine with
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Neralsia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neralsia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neralsia</taxonomicName>
|
|
, absent in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Figites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Figites" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Figites</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Lonchidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lonchidia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lonchidia</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyalophora" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xyalophora</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be separated from
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Neralsia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neralsia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neralsia</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the presence of transversely striate notauli (smooth in
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Neralsia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neralsia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neralsia</taxonomicName>
|
|
), and an often slightly smaller scutellar spine; this second character, however, is often linked to adult body size and should be used with caution. As in the case of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Neralsia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neralsia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neralsia</taxonomicName>
|
|
, species of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Xyalophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xyalophora" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xyalophora</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be superficially similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Prosaspicera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prosaspicera" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prosaspicera</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Aspicerinae">Aspicerinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
), but can be separated from that taxon by the lack of a facial impression on the head, as well as the lack of a ligulate metasomal T2. All three African species have the occipital carinae directed towards the ocellar area and separated in the middle by a smooth surface as well as a smooth interocellar area.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="50">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="50">
|
|
Probably worldwide, but no records from the Oriental region are published. Afrotropical records: Burkina Faso (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Jimenez, M" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Entomology" pageId="26" pageNumber="63" pagination="751 - 769" title="Revision of Xyalophora Kieffer and description of Xyalophoroides gen. n. (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Figitinae)." url="10.14411/eje.2008.101" volume="105" year="2008 c">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jiménez">Jimenez</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. 2008
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
); Democratic Republic of Congo, Mali, Namibia, South Africa (here).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="50" type="biology">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="50">Biology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="50">
|
|
Parasitoids of calyptrate
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="Brachycera" pageId="13" pageNumber="50" rank="suborder" suborder="Brachycera">Brachycera</taxonomicName>
|
|
larvae in decomposing substrates (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Ionescu, MA" journalOrPublisher="Fauna Republicii Socialiste Romania, Insecta" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" volume="vol IX" year="1969">Ionescu 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="50" type="comments">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="50">Comments.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="50">
|
|
A rare genus that has been recently revised by
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Jimenez, M" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Entomology" pageId="26" pageNumber="63" pagination="751 - 769" title="Revision of Xyalophora Kieffer and description of Xyalophoroides gen. n. (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Figitinae)." url="10.14411/eje.2008.101" volume="105" year="2008 c">
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jiménez">Jimenez</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. 2008
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |