297 lines
39 KiB
XML
297 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="26ACD3B2419C2B9C7D7B6A5E6735259B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6391684" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6391684" ID-ZooBank="CBD29188-143B-44DF-BE21-1654D50D8621" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1648501406612" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Phillips, Robert A." docDate="2022" docId="E8511E53FFC4EF656A8AFB80FDE5FC6A" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2022.0907.1-214.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2022 (907)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Leptoconops (Holoconops) knowltoni Clastrier and Wirth" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="1468662BFFDCEF7C6A4AFFC3FFCCFFE4" masterDocTitle="Culicoides Latreille and Leptoconops Skuse biting midges of the southwestern United States with emphasis on the Canyonlands of southeastern Utah (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)" masterLastPageNumber="214" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1699308763882" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:mods id="D025D89C6C617EA2C1B7419C87654723" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="43386E558D8815AE886E0C2B92C71ED0">
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<mods:title id="91C4CE48AF70B8DF9FC06ED194741FBD">Culicoides Latreille and Leptoconops Skuse biting midges of the southwestern United States with emphasis on the Canyonlands of southeastern Utah (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2C5C08A7B399A79919705DD5623ABED1" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="26D403461484114C21AD1520EFE5324A">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A6689982D664781F72B776B64DB3368A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BA815700647E7C02747ACCF5DAFF9333">Phillips, Robert A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3F60E876413F2FC019836350A23CB2CF">2962 Desert Road Moab, UT 84532 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5025E6C55F62E50494ED459087C8DE96">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="E8836B5D074FFA4FD9FABE6ACF1311F3">
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<mods:title id="0963DDBC76474F49E53FCF707F4B1B80">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="9C1C4EDEDF42D860228CEA31D29F7B9C">
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<mods:date id="A4490317A668FA11850F67829BED82C0">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="3BA837E696941E2647B5C858942B94CC" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="A70ABA432FC72AE484BB2AC60A505DAE">2022-01-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="47BD0721DA452D73B43B423ECA9CDB7B" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="EF2435AA6ED451AFF1B13266E4ED90B5">2022</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="508C841E45049CD6428E98DF7E1C00DF" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="0B74E15C808B63A87A3967D2A4861092">907</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="E40C85459F891CBD3EDF9FB433B28B4C">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="C6D028981E6F6B4CC53484CDB547FCE9">214</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="4CB8A73A265FB6F614C89DFA37E87256">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C69C9004B9FDD86F97D459C9B322DEB8" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6391684</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7319C9DC10287CCB39DC6FF4F9111AED" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="10589A159DCDCFB681846A5CDBCC3388" type="Zenodo-Dep">6391684</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="596E654B1068DB6ABBE6C98690A0E9A5" type="ZooBank">CBD29188-143B-44DF-BE21-1654D50D8621</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="E8511E53FFC4EF656A8AFB80FDE5FC6A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391734" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6391734" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8511E53FFC4EF656A8AFB80FDE5FC6A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E8511E53FFC4EF656A8AFB80FDE5FC6A" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFC4EF646A8AFB80FC5AFB84" box="[192,918,1090,1120]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6047AF45FFC4EF646A8AFB80FC5AFB84" blockId="24.[192,918,1090,1154]" box="[192,918,1090,1120]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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<heading id="3B0F1829FFC4EF646A8AFB80FC5AFB84" box="[192,918,1090,1120]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" reason="2">
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||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC4EF646A8AFB80FC5AFB84" ID-CoL="8CHTM" authority="Clastrier and Wirth" authorityName="Clastrier and Wirth" box="[192,918,1090,1120]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knowltoni" subGenus="Holoconops">
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||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF646A8AFB80FC5AFB84" bold="true" box="[192,918,1090,1120]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF646A8AFB80FE91FBBB" bold="true" box="[192,349,1091,1119]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Leptoconops</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF646B24FB81FDCCFBBB" bold="true" box="[366,512,1090,1119]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Holoconops</emphasis>
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||
)
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<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF64685BFB81FD5CFBBB" bold="true" box="[529,656,1090,1119]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">knowltoni</emphasis>
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Clastrier and Wirth
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFC4EF646A8AFBA4FE2DFB65" box="[192,481,1127,1154]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFC4EF646A8AFBA4FE2DFB65" blockId="24.[192,918,1090,1154]" box="[192,481,1127,1154]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
(
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<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFC4EF646A82FBA4FEF6FB65" box="[200,314,1127,1153]" captionStart="Figures 9–15. 9" captionStartId="164.[192,279,1765,1791]" captionTargetBox="[196,1431,251,1723]" captionTargetId="figure-103@164.[192,1440,251,1730]" captionTargetPageId="164" captionText="Figures 9–15. 9) Leptoconops americanus female clypeus, setae (s). 10) L. knowltoni female clypeus. 11) L. knowltoni female palpal segment 3. 12) L. carteri female palpal segment 3 (Yolo County, CA). 13) L. werneri female tarsomeres 4–5 and claw (paratype, Imperial County, CA [UCRC]). 14) L. werneri male genitalia, ventral view, tergite 9 apicolateral processes (T9alp), meso-posterior lobe setae (s) (Riverside County, CA [UCRC]). 15) L. belkini male genitalia, ventral view, tergite 9 sclerotized lobe (L) (Riverside County, CA [UCRC])." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391690" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391690/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 10, 11</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFC4EF646B0FFBA4FE7EFB66" box="[325,434,1127,1154]" captionStart="Figures 20–26. 20" captionStartId="166.[192,279,1799,1825]" captionTargetBox="[266,1365,214,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-87@166.[194,1442,214,1769]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="Figures 20–26. 20) Leptoconops knowltoni male genitalia, ventral view, aedeagus (A), parameres (P), tergite 9 ventro-posterior setae (s), apicolateral processes (T9alp), gonostylus apical lamelliform expansion (Gsle). 21) L. foulki male genitalia, ventral view. 22) L. knowltoni gonostylus, ventral setae (vs). 23 L. foulki gonostylus. 24) L. foulki parameres (P), proximal tooth (t). Male tarsomere 5, basal seta (bS). 25) L. knowltoni. 26) L. foulki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391696/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">20, 22, 25</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFC4EF646BF7FBA4FE15FB65" box="[445,473,1127,1153]" captionStart="Figures 27–32" captionStartId="167.[192,279,1833,1859]" captionTargetBox="[266,1363,216,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-71@167.[192,1440,216,1770]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="Figures 27–32. Female Leptoconops. 27) L. knowltoni flagellomeres 9–11, median black seta (s). Spermathecae (sp), diverticulum (d), neck (spn). 28) L. foulki. 29) L. americanus. 30) L. sublettei flagellomeres 3–6, flagellomere 4 seta bases (sb), hyaline sensory seta (hss). Palpal segment 3. 31) L. sublettei. 32) L. foulki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391698/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">27</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFC4EF646AAAFB52FDBAFA44" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFC4EF646AAAFB52FC53FB02" blockId="24.[224,1442,1168,1440]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="40E8886BFFC4EF646AAAFB52FC53FB02" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="E1598954FFC4EF646AAAFB52FC48FB4C" author="Clastrier J & Wirth WW" box="[224,900,1168,1192]" page="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" year="1978">
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||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC4EF646AAAFB52FC48FB4C" ID-CoL="8CHTM" authority="Clastrier and Wirth, 1978: 26" authorityName="Clastrier and Wirth" authorityPageNumber="26" authorityYear="1978" box="[224,900,1168,1192]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knowltoni" subGenus="Holoconops">
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||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF646AAAFB52FE91FB4C" box="[224,349,1169,1192]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Leptoconops</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF646B21FB53FE2CFB4C" box="[363,480,1168,1192]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Holoconops</emphasis>
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||
)
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||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF646BA4FB53FD9FFB4C" box="[494,595,1168,1192]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">knowltoni</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC4EF646812FB53FC48FB4C" author="Clastrier J & Wirth WW" box="[600,900,1168,1192]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref128879" refString="Clastrier J, Wirth WW. 1978. The Leptoconops kerteszi complex in North America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 1573: 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="1978">Clastrier and Wirth, 1978: 26</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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(key; female, male; fig. female palpus, spermathecae, antenna, male genitalia, gonostylus, palpus; California).
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<treatmentCitation id="E1598954FFC4EF64690DFB6CFB4BFB23" author="Ronderos MM & Spinelli G." box="[839,1159,1199,1223]" page="45" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" year="1992">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC4EF64690DFB6CFB4BFB23" author="Ronderos MM & Spinelli G." box="[839,1159,1199,1223]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="41 - 45" refId="ref139107" refString="Ronderos MM, Spinelli G. 1992. A key to the Neotropical Leptoconops (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), with the description of a new species from Argentina. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 51: 41 - 45." type="journal article" year="1992">Ronderos and Spinelli 1992: 45</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(key; female, male diagnoses;
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<collectingCountry id="18EFEFD5FFC4EF646B60FB0DFEA7FB02" box="[298,363,1230,1254]" name="Brazil" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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||
).
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||
<treatmentCitation id="E1598954FFC4EF646B30FB0DFD51FB02" author="Borkent A & Spinelli GR" box="[378,669,1230,1254]" page="9" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" year="2000">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC4EF646B30FB0DFD51FB02" author="Borkent A & Spinelli GR" box="[378,669,1230,1254]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref127879" refString="Borkent A, Spinelli GR. 2000. Catalog of the New World biting midges south of the United States of America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions on Entomology, International 4: 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="2000">Borkent and Spinelli 2000: 9</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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(in Neotropical catalog).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFC4EF646AAAFB2EFD0AFA86" blockId="24.[224,1442,1168,1440]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="40E8886BFFC4EF646AAAFB2EFD0AFA86" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC4EF646AAAFB2EFDF3FAE1" ID-CoL="8CHTL" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1908" box="[224,575,1261,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kerteszi" subGenus="Holoconops">
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||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF646AAAFB2EFE91FAE0" box="[224,349,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Leptoconops</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF646B27FB2EFE2EFAE1" box="[365,482,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Holoconops</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF646BBBFB2EFDF3FAE1" box="[497,575,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">kerteszi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, misidentified:
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<treatmentCitation id="E1598954FFC4EF6468ABFB2EFC58FAE1" author="Wirth WW" box="[737,916,1261,1285]" page="113" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" year="1952">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC4EF6468ABFB2EFC58FAE1" author="Wirth WW" box="[737,916,1261,1285]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="95 - 266" refId="ref142682" refString="Wirth WW. 1952 a. The Heleidae of California. University of California Publications in Entomology 9: 95 - 266." type="journal article" year="1952">Wirth 1952a: 113</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(in part; key; female; male genitalia; biology).
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<treatmentCitation id="E1598954FFC4EF646F30FB2EFEAFFAC0" author="Fox I." page="263" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" year="1955">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC4EF646F30FB2EFEAFFAC0" author="Fox I." pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="214 - 285" refId="ref130377" refString="Fox I. 1955. A catalogue of the bloodsucking midges of the Americas (Culicoides, Leptoconops and Lasiohelea) with keys to the subgenera and Nearctic species, a geographic index, and bibliography. Journal of Agriculture of University of Puerto Rico 39: 214 - 285." type="journal article" year="1955">Fox 1955: 263</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(key; taxonomy).
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||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC4EF646855FACFFD5FFAC0" author="Foulk JD" box="[543,659,1292,1316]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="230 - 235" refId="ref130195" refString="Foulk JD. 1966. Drainage of a desert spring creek for control of Leptoconops kerteszi (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Mosquito News 26: 230 - 235." type="journal article" year="1966">Foulk 1966</bibRefCitation>
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||
(biology).
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||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC4EF64694EFACFFCBBFAC0" author="Foulk JD" box="[772,887,1292,1316]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="112 - 116" refId="ref130274" refString="Foulk JD. 1969. Attack activity of two species of gnats in Southern California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 62: 112 - 116." type="journal article" year="1969">Foulk 1969</bibRefCitation>
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||
(biology).
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||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC4EF6469A2FACFFB5CFAC0" author="Jones RH & Potter HW & Rhodes HA" box="[1000,1168,1292,1316]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="507 - 509" refId="ref133009" refString="Jones RH, Potter HW Jr., Rhodes HA. 1972. Ceratopogonidae attacking horses in south Texas during the 1971 VEE epidemic. Mosquito News 32: 507 - 509." type="journal article" year="1972">Jones et al. 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
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||
<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFC4EF646ED4FACFFB10FAC0" box="[1182,1244,1292,1316]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Texas</collectingRegion>
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||
, horse).
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||
<treatmentCitation id="E1598954FFC4EF646F79FACFFE61FAA6" author="Wirth WW & Atchley WR" page="45" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" year="1973">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC4EF646F79FACFFE61FAA6" author="Wirth WW & Atchley WR" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 57" refId="ref142906" refString="Wirth WW, Atchley WR. 1973. A review of the North American Leptoconops (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Graduate Studies Texas Tech University 5: 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1973">Wirth and Atchley 1973: 45</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(in part; key; female, male; fig. female wing, head, genitalia, spermathecae, hind tibial comb, fore tarsomeres 1 and 2, male genitalia; biology).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6047AF45FFC4EF646AAAFAAAFDBAFA44" blockId="24.[224,1442,1168,1440]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="40E8886BFFC4EF646AAAFAAAFDBAFA44" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC4EF646AAAFAAAFDE4FA65" ID-CoL="8CHT2" authority="(Kieffer)" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[224,552,1385,1409]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">
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||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF646AAAFAAAFE0AFA65" box="[224,454,1385,1409]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Leptoconops bequaerti</emphasis>
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||
(Kieffer)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, misidentified:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="E1598954FFC4EF646880FAAAFC23FA65" author="Wirth WW & Atchley WR" box="[714,1007,1385,1409]" page="39" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" year="1973">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC4EF646880FAAAFC23FA65" author="Wirth WW & Atchley WR" box="[714,1007,1385,1409]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 57" refId="ref142906" refString="Wirth WW, Atchley WR. 1973. A review of the North American Leptoconops (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Graduate Studies Texas Tech University 5: 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1973">Wirth and Atchley 1973: 39</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(misidentified record from Padre Island,
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||
<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFC4EF646B4AFA4BFEF6FA7B" box="[256,314,1416,1439]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Texas</collectingRegion>
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||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC4EF646B0FFA44FDA9FA44" author="Ronderos MM & Spinelli G." box="[325,613,1415,1440]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="41 - 45" refId="ref139107" refString="Ronderos MM, Spinelli G. 1992. A key to the Neotropical Leptoconops (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), with the description of a new species from Argentina. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina 51: 41 - 45." type="journal article" year="1992">Ronderos and Spinelli 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFC4EF646A8AFA73FE84F862" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFC4EF646A8AFA73FE84F862" blockId="24.[192,1442,1456,1926]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF646A8AFA73FEF2FA2E" bold="true" box="[192,318,1456,1482]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="2D7A9AFEFFC4EF646B04FA73FE7DFA2E" box="[334,433,1456,1482]" captionStart="Table 13" captionStartId="150.[192,255,781,809]" captionText="Table 13.Quantitative characters of Leptoconops. Data in () are variations. Measurements and ratios are expressed as means. T9alp = male tergite9 apicolateral processes. f13/f12 = length of flagellomere13 divided by the length of flagellomere12. Wing, proboscis, teeth, setae, and spine data are compiled from Clastrier and Wirth (1978) for the Kerteszi group species and Wirth and Atchley (1973) for the others. Species marked (r) were not examined." pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Table 13</tableCitation>
|
||
) Body brown, femora and tibiae pale brown, fore tibia yellowish apically, tarsomeres 1, 2 yellowish; clypeus with four setae, median pair ≥0.8 as far apart from each other as from corresponding lateral setae and out-of-line distad of lateral setae by <0.3 their distance apart; palpal segment 3 sensory pit as deep as wide, broadening internally on female; mid tarsomere 1 without submedian spine. Female: stigma triangular, pointed; antenna with 11 flagellomeres; flagellomere 11 with submedian black seta at ~0.7; flagellomere 4 hyaline sensory seta laterad of long black seta, in axial alignment with corresponding sensory setae on flagellomeres 5–10; hyaline sensory setae on flagellomeres 9–10 usually fused into a single hypertrophied seta; palpal segment 3 sensory pit opening a third the diameter of the interior; hind tarsomere 3 ~1.7× longer than 5; spermathecae somewhat pyriform, with caplike diverticulum (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFC4EF646E68F902FB48F93F" box="[1058,1156,1729,1755]" captionStart="Figures 27–32" captionStartId="167.[192,279,1833,1859]" captionTargetBox="[266,1363,216,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-71@167.[192,1440,216,1770]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="Figures 27–32. Female Leptoconops. 27) L. knowltoni flagellomeres 9–11, median black seta (s). Spermathecae (sp), diverticulum (d), neck (spn). 28) L. foulki. 29) L. americanus. 30) L. sublettei flagellomeres 3–6, flagellomere 4 seta bases (sb), hyaline sensory seta (hss). Palpal segment 3. 31) L. sublettei. 32) L. foulki." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391698" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391698/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<specimenCount id="76FE64CCFFC4EF646E19F902FB48F93F" box="[1107,1156,1729,1755]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="generic">
|
||
28
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC4EF646E3FF901FB48F93F" box="[1141,1156,1730,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foulki">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF646E3FF901FB48F93F" box="[1141,1156,1730,1755]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">L</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC4EF646EDBF902FB1DF93F" box="[1169,1233,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">foulki</emphasis>
|
||
); cerci>3× longer than wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F8C3B3C0FFC4EF646B0BF920FEB3F91A" box="[321,383,1763,1790]" captionStart="Figures 1–2" captionStartId="162.[192,279,1866,1892]" captionTargetBox="[491,1142,213,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-38@162.[194,1442,213,1806]" captionTargetPageId="162" captionText="Figures 1–2. Female lateral habitus (in alcohol). 1) Leptoconops (Holoconops) Kerteszi group. 2) Culicoides (Monoculicoides) sonorensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6391686/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Male: tergite 9 with distal shoulders abruptly narrowed to base of adjacent apicolateral processes, without dorsal process, ventro-posterior setae separated by ~2× as much as separation of apicolateral processes; gonostylus with three ventral setae spread over 0.2–0.6 of gonostylus length, apical lamelliform expansion broadly covering subapical tooth; tarsomere 5 basal seta curved, as long as ~0.4 length of segment, decumbent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFC5EF656A8AFF16FDD6FC80" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFC5EF656A8AFF16FB6DFEF6" blockId="25.[192,1440,213,274]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656A8AFF16FE90FF0B" bold="true" box="[192,348,213,239]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Idaho, Montana, south through California, Nevada, Utah (Box Elder, Grand, Millard, San Juan, Tooele, Utah, Washington counties), Arizona, Texas, Sinaloa, to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFC5EF6569DCFF34FBF2FEF5" box="[918,1086,247,273]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="18EFEFD5FFC5EF656E07FF34FB59FEF6" box="[1101,1173,247,274]" name="Brazil" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFC5EF656A8AFEE2FBE0FDE1" blockId="25.[191,1441,289,517]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656A8AFEE2FEBEFEDF" bold="true" box="[192,370,289,315]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Larval ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
A habitat adjacent to a small creek near the Salton Sea in Southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFC5EF656E21FEE2FB13FEDF" box="[1131,1247,289,315]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
characterized by scattered iodinebush (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC5EF656BF2FE81FD75FEB8" box="[440,697,322,348]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Allenrolfea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656BF2FE81FD75FEB8" box="[440,697,322,348]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Allenrolfea occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and desert holly (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC5EF6569C0FE81FBBFFEB8" box="[906,1139,322,348]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Atriplex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hymenelytra">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF6569C0FE81FBBFFEB8" box="[906,1139,322,348]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Atriplex hymenelytra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and sandy alkali or saline soil with 10–13% moisture produced abundant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC5EF656891FEA6FCAAFE9A" box="[731,870,356,383]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knowltoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656891FEA6FD26FE9A" box="[731,746,357,382]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF6568BDFEA7FCAAFE9A" box="[759,870,356,382]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">knowltoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae along with larval
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC5EF656EC8FEA7FA53FE9A" authority="Wirth" authorityName="Wirth" authorityYear="1952" box="[1154,1439,356,382]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mohave">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656EC8FEA7FA9EFE9A" box="[1154,1362,356,382]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Culicoides mohave</emphasis>
|
||
Wirth
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC5EF656ABAFE45FD5FFE45" authority="Wirth (Foulk 1966)" authorityName="Wirth (Foulk" authorityYear="1966" box="[240,659,390,417]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Dasyhelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="festiva">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656ABAFE45FE63FE44" box="[240,431,390,416]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Dasyhelea festiva</emphasis>
|
||
Wirth (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC5EF656843FE45FD47FE45" author="Foulk JD" box="[521,651,390,417]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="230 - 235" refId="ref130195" refString="Foulk JD. 1966. Drainage of a desert spring creek for control of Leptoconops kerteszi (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Mosquito News 26: 230 - 235." type="journal article" year="1966">Foulk 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A similar habitat near the Salton Sea also produced
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC5EF656E90FE44FE87FE25" authority="(Brenner et al. 1984 a)" baseAuthorityName="Brenner" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foulki">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656E90FE44FB25FE44" box="[1242,1257,391,416]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656EBCFE45FAFAFE44" box="[1270,1334,390,416]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">foulki</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC5EF656F09FE45FE8EFE25" author="Brenner RJ & Wargo MJ & Mulla MS" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="447 - 459" refId="ref128271" refString="Brenner RJ, Wargo MJ, Mulla MS. 1984 a. Bionomics and vector potential of Leptoconops foulki and L. knowltoni (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the lower desert of Southern California, USA. Journal of Medical Entomology 21: 447 - 459." type="journal article" year="1984">Brenner et al. 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="76FE64CCFFC5EF656BECFE64FDC4FE25" box="[422,520,423,449]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="male">19 males</specimenCount>
|
||
collected in the present study, 13 were collected at
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="05CCC982FFC5EF656E1BFE64FB1AFE26" box="[1105,1238,423,450]" degrees="38.54606" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" precision="1" value="38.54606">38.54606°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="05CCC982FFC5EF656E94FE64FAA5FE26" box="[1246,1385,423,450]" degrees="109.59159" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" precision="1" value="109.59159">109.59159°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, and four were collected
|
||
<quantity id="A70002A0FFC5EF656BEBFE0AFE3DFE07" box="[417,497,457,483]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" unit="km" value="0.3">0.3 km</quantity>
|
||
south at
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="05CCC982FFC5EF656811FE0AFD2DFE00" box="[603,737,457,484]" degrees="38.54458" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" precision="1" value="38.54458">38.54458°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="05CCC982FFC5EF6568A2FE0AFCBAFE00" box="[744,886,457,484]" degrees="109.59424" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" precision="1" value="109.59424">109.59424°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, suggesting the traps were placed near the larval habitat. The other
|
||
<specimenCount id="76FE64CCFFC5EF656BC5FE28FDFAFDE0" box="[399,566,490,517]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were collected 9 and
|
||
<quantity id="A70002A0FFC5EF65696DFE28FCA2FDE0" box="[807,878,490,517]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" unit="km" value="42.0">42 km</quantity>
|
||
from those sites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFC5EF656A8AFDD7FC0AFD1C" blockId="25.[191,1442,532,760]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656A8AFDD7FDBDFDCA" bold="true" box="[192,625,532,558]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Adult behavior and vector potential.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC5EF656833FDD6FCB4FDCA" box="[633,888,532,558]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knowltoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656833FDD6FCB4FDCA" box="[633,888,532,558]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Leptoconops knowltoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has diurnal early to midmorning and late afternoon biting activity peaks with a midday lull (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC5EF65689FFDF5FC9BFDB4" author="Foulk JD" box="[725,855,566,592]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="112 - 116" refId="ref130274" refString="Foulk JD. 1969. Attack activity of two species of gnats in Southern California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 62: 112 - 116." type="journal article" year="1969">Foulk 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC5EF656929FDF5FB87FDB4" author="Brenner RJ & Wargo MJ & Mulla MS" box="[867,1099,566,592]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="447 - 459" refId="ref128271" refString="Brenner RJ, Wargo MJ, Mulla MS. 1984 a. Bionomics and vector potential of Leptoconops foulki and L. knowltoni (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the lower desert of Southern California, USA. Journal of Medical Entomology 21: 447 - 459." type="journal article" year="1984">Brenner et al. 1984a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC5EF656E15FDF5FB22FDB5" author="Foulk JD" box="[1119,1262,566,593]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="112 - 116" refId="ref130274" refString="Foulk JD. 1969. Attack activity of two species of gnats in Southern California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 62: 112 - 116." type="journal article" year="1969">Foulk (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also noted that attack rates markedly declined when the human host stopped moving. Furthermore,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC5EF656EEDFD9BFA6EFD95" author="Brenner RJ & Wargo MJ & Mulla MS" box="[1191,1442,599,626]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="447 - 459" refId="ref128271" refString="Brenner RJ, Wargo MJ, Mulla MS. 1984 a. Bionomics and vector potential of Leptoconops foulki and L. knowltoni (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in the lower desert of Southern California, USA. Journal of Medical Entomology 21: 447 - 459." type="journal article" year="1984">Brenner et al. (1984a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported host-seeking activity near the Salton Sea June–October and CO
|
||
<subScript id="FC7CAD00FFC5EF6569A6FD4BFC38FD72" attach="left" box="[1004,1012,648,662]" fontSize="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">2</subScript>
|
||
-trapped female parity rates up to 58% in the same area, suggesting high vector potential (however, see
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC5EF6569CCFD58FC2EFD50" box="[902,994,666,693]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foulki">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF6569CCFD58FC59FD50" box="[902,917,667,692]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF6569E8FD59FC2EFD50" box="[930,994,666,692]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">foulki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
adult behavior and vector potential section). Known hosts are human, brush rabbit (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC5EF6568F6FD7FFC73FD32" baseAuthorityName="Merriam" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[700,959,700,726]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Brachylagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="idahoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF6568F6FD7FFC73FD32" box="[700,959,700,726]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Brachylagus idahoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[Merriam],
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC5EF656E02FD7FFB77FD33" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1817" box="[1096,1211,700,727]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Leporidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC5EF656E9AFD7FFA9DFD33" author="Foulk JD" box="[1232,1361,700,727]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="112 - 116" refId="ref130274" refString="Foulk JD. 1969. Attack activity of two species of gnats in Southern California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 62: 112 - 116." type="journal article" year="1969">Foulk 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), horse (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC5EF656A8DFD1DFE84FD1C" author="Foulk JD" box="[199,328,734,760]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="112 - 116" refId="ref130274" refString="Foulk JD. 1969. Attack activity of two species of gnats in Southern California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 62: 112 - 116." type="journal article" year="1969">Foulk 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC5EF656B19FD1DFDC5FD1C" author="Jones RH & Potter HW & Rhodes HA" box="[339,521,734,760]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="507 - 509" refId="ref133009" refString="Jones RH, Potter HW Jr., Rhodes HA. 1972. Ceratopogonidae attacking horses in south Texas during the 1971 VEE epidemic. Mosquito News 32: 507 - 509." type="journal article" year="1972">Jones et al. 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and sheep (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC5EF6568D0FD1DFC76FD1C" author="Clastrier J & Wirth WW" box="[666,954,734,760]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref128879" refString="Clastrier J, Wirth WW. 1978. The Leptoconops kerteszi complex in North America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 1573: 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="1978">Clastrier and Wirth 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFC5EF656A8AFCC4FDD6FC80" blockId="25.[192,1440,775,869]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656A8AFCC4FE8FFCC5" bold="true" box="[192,323,775,801]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Symbionts.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFC5EF656B03FCC4FE1AFCC6" author="Foulk JD" box="[329,470,775,802]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" pagination="112 - 116" refId="ref130274" refString="Foulk JD. 1969. Attack activity of two species of gnats in Southern California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 62: 112 - 116." type="journal article" year="1969">Foulk (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that>143 of 26,951 female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC5EF656920FCCBFC39FCC5" box="[874,1013,775,802]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="knowltoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656920FCCBFCB5FCC5" box="[874,889,776,801]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF6569CCFCC4FC39FCC5" box="[902,1013,775,801]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">knowltoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were parasitized by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC5EF656E9DFCC4FA53FCC5" authorityName="Haller" authorityYear="1882" box="[1239,1439,775,801]" class="Arachnida" family="Microtrombidiidae" genus="Microtrombidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656E9DFCC4FA53FCC5" box="[1239,1439,775,801]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Microtrombidium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mite larvae. That no males were parasitized suggests that the mites use female midges to disperse to other habitats when the females oviposit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFC5EF656A8AFCB7FDE5FC6A" box="[192,553,884,911]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFC5EF656A8AFCB7FDE5FC6A" blockId="25.[192,553,884,911]" box="[192,553,884,911]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656A8AFCB7FEFCFC6A" bold="true" box="[192,304,884,910]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
See
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFC5EF656B28FCB6FE72FC6A" box="[354,446,884,911]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Leptoconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foulki">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656B28FCB6FEBDFC6A" box="[354,369,885,910]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFC5EF656B34FCB7FE72FC6A" box="[382,446,884,910]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">foulki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remarks.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |