177 lines
22 KiB
XML
177 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="A139181791C02B86C704A6F2801D00D5" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6391684" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6391684" ID-ZooBank="CBD29188-143B-44DF-BE21-1654D50D8621" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1648501406612" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Phillips, Robert A." docDate="2022" docId="E8511E53FFB0EF116A8AFB1EFEEBFED7" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2022.0907.1-214.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2022 (907)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Culicoides chewaclae Glick and Mullen" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="108" masterDocId="1468662BFFDCEF7C6A4AFFC3FFCCFFE4" masterDocTitle="Culicoides Latreille and Leptoconops Skuse biting midges of the southwestern United States with emphasis on the Canyonlands of southeastern Utah (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)" masterLastPageNumber="214" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="107" updateTime="1699308763882" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5004ACDADE9491B160B4A65DE125F1E7">
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<mods:title id="B726E8F9B8379B0C8C5C7EFC727C7948">Culicoides Latreille and Leptoconops Skuse biting midges of the southwestern United States with emphasis on the Canyonlands of southeastern Utah (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="4FB4F07007B2673FB8A1FB112719692D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F8F4E02A0532BD26082776AFD0214A4D">Phillips, Robert A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="46DF3D410B8E4BCD1CC9AC0E1F79F43B">2962 Desert Road Moab, UT 84532 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="20DFB96FE4D04474D11BC33374689505">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="072466805E11BF158D28E98C9547E971">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="FF69E7B7EC909B4F5B2167948E7650DB">
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<mods:date id="9C7A6F3C1B85194255DA433514844029">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3E8878C6DC8D495438EA589101DCF83E">2022-01-28</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="93B16E3FB4A89EF8AADF1898A484467A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="90254C0AE3ECDAE29E874FEFE75E7049">2022</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="4213B044284AE4D93DC30FFA8AF9B46A" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="00C3FE79A0D37F7E69D4DEA54790DCC2">907</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7D40B78F12973EF4AF44EB6080FCDA6A" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6391684</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="13E8822518A0F93F9BF74E92EC586B4E" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E8511E53FFB0EF116A8AFB1EFEEBFED7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6391792" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6391792" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E8511E53FFB0EF116A8AFB1EFEEBFED7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E8511E53FFB0EF116A8AFB1EFEEBFED7" lastPageId="109" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">
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<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFB0EF106A8AFB1EFEE6FAF9" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6047AF45FFB0EF106A8AFB1EFD7CFB1E" blockId="108.[192,688,1245,1309]" box="[192,688,1245,1274]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">
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<heading id="3B0F1829FFB0EF106A8AFB1EFD7CFB1E" box="[192,688,1245,1274]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFB0EF106A8AFB1EFD7CFB1E" ID-CoL="32CCG" authority="Glick and Mullen" authorityName="Glick and Mullen" box="[192,688,1245,1274]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chewaclae">
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<emphasis id="528C7357FFB0EF106A8AFB1EFD7CFB1E" bold="true" box="[192,688,1245,1274]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">
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<emphasis id="528C7357FFB0EF106A8AFB1EFE07FB1E" bold="true" box="[192,459,1245,1274]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Culicoides chewaclae</emphasis>
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Glick and Mullen
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6047AF45FFB0EF106A8AFAC1FEE6FAF9" blockId="108.[192,688,1245,1309]" box="[192,298,1282,1309]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">(Fig. 234)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFB0EF106AAAFAEFFACFFA87" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="6047AF45FFB0EF106AAAFAEFFACFFA87" blockId="108.[224,1440,1324,1380]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="40E8886BFFB0EF106AAAFAEFFACFFA87" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">
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<treatmentCitation id="E1598954FFB0EF106AAAFAEFFD2BFAA0" author="Glick JI & Mullen GR" box="[224,743,1324,1348]" page="378" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" year="1983">
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<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFB0EF106AAAFAEFFD2BFAA0" ID-CoL="32CCG" authority="Glick and Mullen, 1983: 378" authorityName="Glick and Mullen" authorityPageNumber="378" authorityYear="1983" box="[224,743,1324,1348]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chewaclae">
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<emphasis id="528C7357FFB0EF106AAAFAEFFE74FAA0" box="[224,440,1324,1348]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Culicoides chewaclae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFB0EF106BF5FAEFFD2BFAA0" author="Glick JI & Mullen GR" box="[447,743,1324,1348]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" pagination="277 - 383" refId="ref130991" refString="Glick JI, Mullen GR. 1983. Two species of Culicoides of the piliferus group (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the eastern United States. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 85: 277 - 383." type="journal article" year="1983">Glick and Mullen, 1983: 378</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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(female; fig. antenna, palpus, eye separation, mandible, legs, tibial comb, spermathecae, wing;
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<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFB0EF106854FA88FDB2FA87" box="[542,638,1355,1379]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Alabama</collectingRegion>
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).
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<treatmentCitation id="E1598954FFB0EF1068C4FA88FC92FA80" author="Wirth WW & Dyce AL & Peterson BV & Roper I." box="[654,862,1355,1380]" page="22" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" year="1985">
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<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFB0EF1068C4FA88FC92FA80" author="Wirth WW & Dyce AL & Peterson BV & Roper I." box="[654,862,1355,1380]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref143172" refString="Wirth WW, Dyce AL, Peterson BV, Roper I. 1985. An atlas of wing photographs, with a summary of the numerical characters of the Nearctic species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 22 (4): 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="1985">Wirth et al. 1985: 22</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(numerical characters; fig. female wing).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFB0EF106A8AFAB7FB16F9D9" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="6047AF45FFB0EF106A8AFAB7FB16F9D9" blockId="108.[191,1441,1396,1597]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">
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<emphasis id="528C7357FFB0EF106A8AFAB7FEF1FA6A" bold="true" box="[192,317,1396,1422]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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(
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<tableCitation id="2D7A9AFEFFB0EF106B04FAB7FE70FA6B" box="[334,444,1396,1423]" captionStart="Table 14" captionStartId="151.[186,249,455,483]" captionText="Table 14. Quantitative characters of Culicoides. Entries to the right of the median dashed line apply only to females. Data in () are variations. Wing pattern: 0 none, + reduced, ++ extensive but faint or diffuse, +++ extensive and distinct. Eye separations are approximate in ommatidium diameters. Spermathecae “n” is the number of fully developed spermathecae, with a “v” indicating an additional vestigial spermatheca, and “ratio” is the sum of the larger’s width and length including any sclerotized neck divided by the sum of the smaller’s width and length including any sclerotized necks. Measurements and ratios are expressed as means. All data for species marked (r) and data for wing length and costal, antennal, palpal, and proboscis ratios are compiled from the description references in the species accounts, with emphasis on southwestern United States data, and supplemented or modified from borrowed and collected specimens." pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Tables 14</tableCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="2D7A9AFEFFB0EF106B80FAB7FE29FA6B" box="[458,485,1396,1423]" captionStart="Table 15" captionStartId="154.[192,255,214,240]" captionText="Table 15. Pale leg-banding on Culicoides. ++ = distinct, + = faint or indistinct, ± = faint to absent,? = undetermined. Shading indicates darker pigmentation. Data for species marked (r) are compiled from the literature." pageId="108" pageNumber="107">15</tableCitation>
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) Dark Brown; wing pattern indistinct; r
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<subScript id="FC7CAD00FFB0EF1069F3FA40FC0DFA75" attach="left" box="[953,961,1411,1425]" fontSize="6" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">2</subScript>
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dark; isolated pale spots straddling midportions of M
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<subScript id="FC7CAD00FFB0EF106B17FA65FEA9FA50" attach="left" box="[349,357,1446,1460]" fontSize="6" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">1</subScript>
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and M
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<subScript id="FC7CAD00FFB0EF106BF2FA65FE0CFA50" attach="left" box="[440,448,1446,1460]" fontSize="6" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">2</subScript>
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; distal pale spots faint in r
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<subScript id="FC7CAD00FFB0EF1068A5FA65FD3BFA50" attach="left" box="[751,759,1446,1460]" fontSize="6" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">3</subScript>
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, m
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<subScript id="FC7CAD00FFB0EF106956FA65FCE8FA50" attach="right" box="[796,804,1446,1460]" fontSize="6" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">1</subScript>
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, m
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<subScript id="FC7CAD00FFB0EF106902FA65FC9CFA50" attach="left" box="[840,848,1446,1460]" fontSize="6" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">2</subScript>
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; flagellomeres 9–10 normal, each larger than 8; SCo pattern 1, 3, 5, 7, (8), (9), (10), 11–13; combined length of flagellomeres 7+8 greater than 9; proboscis short, ratio 0.61; labrum without apical median projection; scutellum with 12 setae on female; fore and hind tarsomeres without apical spines; spermathecae unequal by ~1.3, sclerotized necks absent; sclerotized ring on spermathecal duct; male unknown, but genitalia should be similar to those of other Piliferus group species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFB0EF106A8AF98EFD7DF863" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="6047AF45FFB0EF106A8AF98EFB58F934" blockId="108.[192,1440,1613,1744]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">
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<emphasis id="528C7357FFB0EF106A8AF98EFE90F983" bold="true" box="[192,348,1613,1639]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFB0EF106B2BF98EFE14F983" box="[353,472,1613,1639]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">California</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFB0EF106BABF98DFDF5F98C" box="[481,569,1614,1640]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Oregon</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFB0EF106809F98EFDB0F983" box="[579,636,1613,1639]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Utah</collectingRegion>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFB0EF1068C3F98DFD21F98C" box="[649,749,1614,1640]" country="Trinidad and Tobago" name="San Juan/Laventille" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">San Juan</collectingRegion>
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County,
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<emphasis id="528C7357FFB0EF10691BF98DFBC3F98C" bold="true" box="[849,1039,1614,1640]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">new state record</emphasis>
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),
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<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFB0EF106E6EF98EFB5BF983" box="[1060,1175,1613,1639]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Maryland</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFB0EF106EEBF98EFA80F983" box="[1185,1356,1613,1639]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFB0EF106F13F98DFEE5F96E" author="Swanson D." pageId="108" pageNumber="107" refId="ref141179" refString="Swanson D. 2012. Ecology and phylogeny of the biting-midge genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae [PhD dissertation]. Clemson University; Clemson, SC. 182 p." type="book" year="2012">Swanson 2012</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFB0EF106B74F9B3FE6BF96E" box="[318,423,1648,1674]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Alabama</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFB0EF106BFEF9B3FDCAF96E" box="[436,518,1648,1674]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Florida</collectingRegion>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFB0EF10685DF9B3FD34F96E" author="Quaglia AI & Blosser EM & McGregor BL & Runkel AE & IV & Sloyer KE & Erram D & Wisely SM & Burkett-Cadena ND" box="[535,760,1648,1675]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" pagination="931" refId="ref138522" refString="Quaglia AI, Blosser EM, McGregor BL, Runkel AE IV, Sloyer KE, Erram D, Wisely SM, Burkett-Cadena ND. 2020. Tracking community timing: pattern and determinants of seasonality in Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in northern Florida. Viruses 12: 931. doi: 10.3390 / v 12090931." type="journal article" year="2020">Quaglia et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
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). Apparently an uncommon but widely distributed species across temperate North America. A single female was collected with UVLT on
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<date id="14468985FFB0EF106E19F950FAC9F949" box="[1107,1285,1683,1710]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" value="2019-08-15">
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15 August
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||
<quantity id="A70002A0FFB0EF106E9BF950FAC9F949" box="[1233,1285,1683,1709]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.12826" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" unit="in" value="2019.0">2019</quantity>
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</date>
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in the La Sal Mountains in
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<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFB0EF106B29F975FE0BF934" box="[355,455,1718,1744]" country="Trinidad and Tobago" name="San Juan/Laventille" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">San Juan</collectingRegion>
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County,
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<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFB0EF106864F975FDA5F934" box="[558,617,1718,1744]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Utah</collectingRegion>
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||
, at
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||
<geoCoordinate id="05CCC982FFB0EF1068C5F975FCC3F934" box="[655,783,1718,1744]" degrees="38.41373" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" precision="1" value="38.41373">38.41373°N</geoCoordinate>
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||
<geoCoordinate id="05CCC982FFB0EF10695CF975FC60F934" box="[790,940,1718,1744]" degrees="109.22369" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" precision="1" value="-109.22369">109.22369°W</geoCoordinate>
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||
at
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||
<quantity id="A70002A0FFB0EF106984F975FBEDF934" box="[974,1057,1718,1744]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8939999999999997" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" unit="m" value="2894.0">2894 m</quantity>
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elevation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6047AF45FFB0EF106A8AF923FD7DF863" blockId="108.[192,1441,1760,1927]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">
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||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFB0EF106A8AF923FEB6F91E" bold="true" box="[192,378,1760,1786]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Adult behavior.</emphasis>
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The mandibular and lacinial teeth on the female indicate it feeds on vertebrate blood; and though its hosts are unknown,
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<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFB0EF10686FF8C7FD79F8F9" box="[549,693,1795,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chewaclae">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFB0EF10686FF8C7FDFAF8FA" box="[549,566,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">C</emphasis>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="528C7357FFB0EF10680EF8C0FD79F8F9" box="[580,693,1795,1821]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">chewaclae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a member of the Piliferus group, generally considered ornithophilic (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFB0EF106B5AF8E5FDE9F8A5" author="Wirth WW & Hubert AA" box="[272,549,1830,1857]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" pagination="182 - 195" refId="ref143316" refString="Wirth WW, Hubert AA. 1962. The species of Culicoides related to piliferus Root and Hoffman in eastern North America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 55: 182 - 195." type="journal article" year="1962">Wirth and Hubert 1962</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0469D2B4FFB0EF10687DF8E5FCD3F8A5" author="Quaglia AI & Blosser EM & McGregor BL & Runkel AE & IV & Sloyer KE & Erram D & Wisely SM & Burkett-Cadena ND" box="[567,799,1830,1857]" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" pagination="931" refId="ref138522" refString="Quaglia AI, Blosser EM, McGregor BL, Runkel AE IV, Sloyer KE, Erram D, Wisely SM, Burkett-Cadena ND. 2020. Tracking community timing: pattern and determinants of seasonality in Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in northern Florida. Viruses 12: 931. doi: 10.3390 / v 12090931." type="journal article" year="2020">Quaglia et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
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report collecting
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFB0EF1069A4F8E4FBB2F8A4" box="[1006,1150,1830,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chewaclae">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFB0EF1069A4F8E4FC33F8A5" box="[1006,1023,1831,1857]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFB0EF106E47F8E5FBB2F8A4" box="[1037,1150,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">chewaclae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with UVLTs only during weeks
|
||
<quantity id="A70002A0FFB0EF106B47F88AFEA2F887" box="[269,366,1865,1892]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.318" metricValueMax="4.826" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="108" pageNumber="107" unit="in" value="17.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="15.0">15–19 in</quantity>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="A23C61A7FFB0EF106B3CF88AFE06F887" box="[374,458,1865,1891]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="108" pageNumber="107">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
; whereas, collections in other states at higher latitudes and elevations have been made during weeks 17, 18, 25, 29, and 33 (Table 5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="28E2FCCEFFB1EF116A8AFF15FEEBFED7" pageId="109" pageNumber="108" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="6047AF45FFB1EF116A8AFF15FEEBFED7" blockId="109.[192,1439,214,307]" pageId="109" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFB1EF116A8AFF15FEFFFF14" bold="true" box="[192,307,214,240]" pageId="109" pageNumber="108">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFB1EF116B70FF15FDE7FF14" box="[314,555,214,240]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chewaclae">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFB1EF116B70FF15FDE7FF14" box="[314,555,214,240]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="108">Culicoides chewaclae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7F8D4C6FFB1EF11694BFF15FC2EFF14" authority="Piliferus" authorityName="Piliferus" box="[769,994,214,240]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="109" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="528C7357FFB1EF11694BFF15FCB4FF14" box="[769,888,214,240]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="108">Culicoides</emphasis>
|
||
Piliferus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group species A and B but has smaller antennal and proboscis ratios (
|
||
<tableCitation id="2D7A9AFEFFB1EF116872FF34FD6DFEF5" box="[568,673,247,273]" captionStart="Table 14" captionStartId="151.[186,249,455,483]" captionText="Table 14. Quantitative characters of Culicoides. Entries to the right of the median dashed line apply only to females. Data in () are variations. Wing pattern: 0 none, + reduced, ++ extensive but faint or diffuse, +++ extensive and distinct. Eye separations are approximate in ommatidium diameters. Spermathecae “n” is the number of fully developed spermathecae, with a “v” indicating an additional vestigial spermatheca, and “ratio” is the sum of the larger’s width and length including any sclerotized neck divided by the sum of the smaller’s width and length including any sclerotized necks. Measurements and ratios are expressed as means. All data for species marked (r) and data for wing length and costal, antennal, palpal, and proboscis ratios are compiled from the description references in the species accounts, with emphasis on southwestern United States data, and supplemented or modified from borrowed and collected specimens." pageId="109" pageNumber="108">Table 14</tableCitation>
|
||
). See also Piliferus group species A, B, and unplaced species F remarks.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |