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<document id="6BE178FA8CDCFEAA14B9FB2858C0ED86" ID-CLB-Dataset="53444" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.583.2.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b4c2bd73-6933-4d6e-901c-e4f1a23c7517" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7609318" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1675672772914" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bidarlord, Mahmoud, Kljuykov, Eugene &amp; Lyskov, Dmitry" docDate="2023" docId="43394436FFCD6541FF29559FFBC70363" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.583.2.6.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 583 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.583.2.6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Bupleurum iranicum Bidarlord &amp; Lyskov 2023, sp. nova" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="185" masterDocId="BF003C4EFFCC6542FFA15111FFA7022B" masterDocTitle="Bupleurum iranicum (Apiaceae), a new species from Talesh Mountains, northwestern Iran" masterLastPageNumber="190" masterPageNumber="183" pageNumber="184" updateTime="1699474562288" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="11A0295D5A92E91853554BA71097A7A1">Bupleurum iranicum (Apiaceae), a new species from Talesh Mountains, northwestern Iran</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0D0F3538D6E8386D7860D6F3A405F132">Bidarlord, Mahmoud</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5300B79A6E8608403CCF102D8BCEC308" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9331-3502</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6793A875273CF41BEDB0D0875FE82D91">Department of Forests and Rangelands Research, Giulan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="32ADFB4080252AF35900A1D4EC78BDEB" type="email">m.bidarlord@areeo.ac.ir</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="22836466BF4EE6209A7D645614CB4A25">Kljuykov, Eugene</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7364D7DC15D4CD04D68482F12661B422" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7984-8906</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8CFEA4EE2189081873D8928B589272E0">Botanical Garden, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 - 12 Leninskie Gory, 119234, Moscow, Russia Department of Higher Plants, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 - 12 Leninskie Gory, 119234, Moscow, Russia m. bidarlord @ areeo. ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9331 - 3502 &amp; kljuykov @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7984 - 8906</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2E7E4500933F8CC61092FEC1EFFAE8AB" type="email">kljuykov@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F31100F88E7E66F023E2818FCEB0C8C4">Lyskov, Dmitry</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="13E22914E783846D99533240A54E76EA" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0818-1662</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1A9881E6DB55F44B4FF3FBAB79506520">df. lyskov @ yandex. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0818 - 1662</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5D3B866EE0AD7B44FE393A89680FDDD8" type="email">df.lyskov@yandex.ru</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="A2B63CFF318953F022A7FC31262E64E7">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4A3152671A82FAADBC8F52F34EDCB250">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ABBCBBDFA65813DAF44F80ED5EE8838D">2023-02-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8BDA4892497D4E4F7AD48C1ACA037187">583</mods:number>
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<treatment id="43394436FFCD6541FF29559FFBC70363" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7622278" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209284380" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7622278" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:43394436FFCD6541FF29559FFBC70363" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/43394436FFCD6541FF29559FFBC70363" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="185" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">
<subSubSection id="838AA6ABFFCD6543FF29559FFCE90682" box="[136,846,1166,1193]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CB2FF520FFCD6543FF29559FFCE90682" blockId="1.[136,846,1166,1193]" box="[136,846,1166,1193]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">
<heading id="9067424CFFCD6543FF29559FFCE90682" box="[136,846,1166,1193]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCD6543FF29559FFDC20682" ID-CoL="B69XK" authority="Bidarlord &amp; Lyskov" authorityName="Bidarlord &amp; Lyskov" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,613,1166,1193]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="iranicum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCD6543FF29559FFEDA0682" bold="true" box="[136,381,1166,1193]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">Bupleurum iranicum</emphasis>
Bidarlord &amp; Lyskov
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCD6543FDCC559EFD6B0682" bold="true" box="[621,716,1167,1193]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E2D79449FFCD6543FDCC559EFD6B0682" box="[621,716,1167,1193]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" rank="species">sp. nova</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="53ABE9A5FFCD6543FD7A559EFC8F0682" box="[731,808,1167,1193]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[199,1390,353,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-106@3.[196,1392,350,1803]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1 Bupleurum iranicum: A—habitus, B—annual root, C—basal leaves, D—lower part of stem (ribbed), E—stem leaves" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7609320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7609320/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="53ABE9A5FFCD6543FC97559EFCE20682" box="[822,837,1167,1193]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1617,1639]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1593]" captionTargetId="figure-21@4.[151,1436,190,1593]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2 Bupleurum iranicum: A—inflorescence, B—immature infructescence, C—mature infructescence, D—bracts, E—bracteoles and umbellet, F—flower, G—petal, H—fruit, I—cross sections of mericarp (scale bars 0.5 mm)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7609322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7609322/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">2</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="838AA6ABFFCD6543FF2955A6FF5E0591" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CB2FF520FFCD6543FF2955A6FC6806C4" blockId="1.[136,1452,1206,1479]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">
<materialsCitation id="7BF8FF7DFFCD6543FF2955A6FE6206E7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027020303" box="[136,453,1206,1228]" country="Iran" location="Ardabil province" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ardabil">
Type:
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCD6543FF1F55A7FF7106E0" bold="true" box="[190,214,1206,1227]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">—</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="B387B5B0FFCD6543FF7755A6FEB306E7" box="[214,276,1207,1228]" name="Iran" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">IRAN</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="09543BC2FFCD6543FEBF55A7FE6206E7" box="[286,453,1206,1228]" country="Iran" name="Ardabil" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">Ardabil province</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="7BF8FF7DFFCD6543FE7055A7FC6C06C4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027020301" collectingDate="2021-08-18" collectionCode="M, TARI, T" country="Iran" elevation="1150" latitude="37.417084" location="Bidarlord" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.33896" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gilan" typeStatus="holotype">
Khalkhal, Hashjin to Khalkhal,
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FCAB55A7FC9A06E7" box="[778,829,1206,1228]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
from Hashjin, marl hill,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="AEA493E7FFCD6543FB6655A7FAF106E7" box="[1223,1366,1206,1228]" degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" precision="1" seconds="20.25" value="48.33896">48°20'20.25&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="40BD1213FFCD6543FAC355A7FF4C06DB" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="m" value="1150.0">
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FAC355A7FA0B06E7" box="[1378,1452,1206,1228]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="m" value="1150.0">1150 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
,
<date id="BF2ED3E0FFCD6543FF5755CBFE3706C4" box="[246,400,1242,1264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" value="2021-08-18">
<collectingDate id="AF6A2A08FFCD6543FF5755CBFE3706C4" box="[246,400,1242,1264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" value="2021-08-18">18 August 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCD6543FE3B55CAFDFD06C4" box="[410,602,1242,1264]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">
<collectionCode id="AD816DE5FFCD6543FE3B55CAFE1606DB" box="[410,433,1243,1264]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
.
<location id="CE4FA3FBFFCD6543FE1B55CBFDBF06C4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:43394436FFCD6541FF29559FFBC70363:CE4FA3FBFFCD6543FE1B55CBFDBF06C4" box="[442,536,1242,1263]" country="Iran" latitude="37.417084" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="48.33896" name="Bidarlord" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" stateProvince="Gilan">Bidarlord</location>
10016
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="142B4B82FFCD6543FDC655CBFD6706DB" box="[615,704,1242,1264]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="AD816DE5FFCD6543FD6955CAFCA606DB" box="[712,769,1243,1264]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a13e-ta1z" name="Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">TARI</collectionCode>
; isotype:
<collectionCode id="AD816DE5FFCD6543FCFD55CAFCCC06DB" box="[860,875,1243,1264]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">T</collectionCode>
,
<collectingRegion id="09543BC2FFCD6543FCD455CBFC6306C4" box="[885,964,1242,1263]" country="Iran" name="Gilan" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">GILAN</collectingRegion>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB2FF520FFCD6543FF2955EFFF7007EC" blockId="1.[136,1452,1206,1479]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCD6543FF2955EFFEF7073F" authorityName="Bidarlord &amp; Lyskov" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,336,1278,1300]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="iranicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCD6543FF2955EFFEF7073F" box="[136,336,1278,1300]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">Bupleurum iranicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCD6543FE6C55EFFD41073F" authority="Koch" authorityName="Koch" box="[461,742,1278,1300]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brachiatum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCD6543FE6C55EFFD0B0738" box="[461,684,1278,1299]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">Bupleurum brachiatum</emphasis>
Koch
</taxonomicName>
in
<bibRefCitation id="AF0188D1FFCD6543FCA555EFFC6D0738" author="Boissier, E." box="[772,970,1278,1300]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" pagination="120 - 151" refId="ref3528" refString="Boissier, E. (1844) Plantae Aucherianae. Adjunctis nonnullis e regionibus Mediterraneis et Orientalibus aliis cum novarum specierum descriptione. Annales des sciences naturelles, Botanique (ser. 3) 1: 120 - 151." type="journal article" year="1844">Boissier (1844: 844)</bibRefCitation>
and
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCD6543FC5955EEFF4E0713" authority="Huber-Morath &amp; Reese (1945: 150)" authorityName="Huber-Morath &amp; Reese" authorityPageNumber="150" authorityYear="1945" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCD6543FC5955EEFBD80738" box="[1016,1151,1278,1300]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">B. anatolicum</emphasis>
Huber-Morath &amp; Reese (1945: 150)
</taxonomicName>
in having narrow, linear cauline leaves, herbaceous bracts similar to the bracteoles, bracteoles shorter than the flowers, fruit surface smooth, petals smooth, and number of umbel rays 2–3. At the same time the new species differs from the above-mentioned taxa in the stem branching (non-branched or slightly branched vs. diffusely or dichotomously branched), umbel rays (subequal vs. unequal), bract length and number of bracts (equal, 1–2 vs. subequal, 2–5), and bract shape (elliptic to ovate vs. lanceolate) (
<tableCitation id="8612C09BFFCD6543FAD4549FFF6F07EC" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,158,184]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1 Comparison of morphological features of Bupleurum iranicum, B. anatolicum, B. kurdicum, and B. brachiatum" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9FEFA5A8FFCE6540FF29518FFEAE02F7" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" tableUuid="9FEFA5A8FFCE6540FF29518FFEAE02F7">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB2FF520FFCD6543FF2954E1FA040559" blockId="1.[136,1452,1520,2086]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">
Annual; green or glaucescent-green plant, 20–40 (50) cm high, with erect, thin, round, stems with purple ribs at base, mainly simple or sparsely branching from base or middle, pseudodichotomous, with branches more or less spreading or simple. Lower leaves close to each other, lanceolate, tapering to rather wide petiole, more or less attenuate-acute,
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FF29574DFF7C045C" box="[136,219,1628,1655]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FE83574DFED8045C" box="[290,383,1628,1655]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
wide, with 4–7 (often 5) nerves at abaxial surface; median leaves not tapering as much at base, more acute, upper leaves and leaves on branches much smaller, narrower, uninerved, nearly subulate. Umbels with 2–3 rays; number of bracts 2–3 (often 3), bracts
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FDD457B5FD400494" box="[629,743,1700,1727]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
long, subequal, narrowly elliptic to ovate, trinerved; peduncles
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FF2957D9FF5504C8" box="[136,242,1736,1763]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 cm</quantity>
long; more or less erect, subequal; number of bracteoles 5, bracteoles elliptic to ovate,
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FB4057D9FACD04C8" box="[1249,1386,1736,1763]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.6 mm</quantity>
long, nearly equal to flowering umbellets, with 3 ribs; number of flowers 4–7 per umbellet, pedicels about
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FA8F57FDFACF052D" box="[1326,1384,1772,1798]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="1.0">1mm</quantity>
long; flower
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FF785601FEC50500" box="[217,354,1808,1835]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.5 mm</quantity>
long; Petals
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FE565601FDE90500" box="[503,590,1808,1835]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
long, inflexed lobe bifid. Anthers about
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FBBF5601FBD20500" box="[1054,1141,1808,1835]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
long. Stylopodium
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FAF65601FF130564" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.499999999999999" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="0.6499999999999999" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.7 mm</quantity>
broad, styles
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FEEF5625FE030564" box="[334,420,1844,1871]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
long. Fruit 2–3×
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FDC35625FD730564" box="[610,724,1844,1871]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
, smooth, brown; mericarp more or less cylindrical, pentagonal in cross-section, compressed laterally, glabrous, vallecular secretory ducts solitary, commissural secretory ducts paired.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB2FF520FFCD6543FF1C566DFF5E0591" blockId="1.[136,1452,1520,2086]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">
<materialsCitation id="7BF8FF7DFFCD6543FF1C566DFF530591" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027020302" collectingDate="2019-08-10" collectionCode="N, MW" collectorName="D. Lyskov" country="Iran" elevation="1150" location="Hashjin" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ardabil" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCD6543FF1C566DFE9305BD" bold="true" box="[189,308,1916,1942]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">
<typeStatus id="142B4B82FFCD6543FF1C566DFE8905BD" box="[189,302,1916,1942]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="B387B5B0FFCD6543FEF0566DFE3F05BD" box="[337,408,1916,1942]" name="Iran" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">IRAN</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="09543BC2FFCD6543FE00566DFDC405BD" box="[417,611,1916,1942]" country="Iran" name="Ardabil" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">Ardabil Province</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FDCE566DFD0F05BD" box="[623,680,1916,1942]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
<collectionCode id="AD816DE5FFCD6543FD0E566CFD6405BC" box="[687,707,1917,1943]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13092" name="Nanjing University" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" type="Herbarium">N</collectionCode>
of
<location id="CE4FA3FBFFCD6543FD48566DFCE405BD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:43394436FFCD6541FF29559FFBC70363:CE4FA3FBFFCD6543FD48566DFCE405BD" box="[745,835,1916,1942]" country="Iran" name="Hashjin" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" stateProvince="Ardabil">Hashjin</location>
, marl hill,
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCD6543FC1D566DFBB505BC" box="[956,1042,1916,1943]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="m" value="1150.0">
<elevation id="40BD1213FFCD6543FC1D566DFBB505BC" box="[956,1042,1916,1943]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" unit="m" value="1150.0">1150 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="BF2ED3E0FFCD6543FBBF566DFB7405BD" box="[1054,1235,1916,1942]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" value="2019-08-10">
<collectingDate id="AF6A2A08FFCD6543FBBF566DFB7405BD" box="[1054,1235,1916,1942]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" value="2019-08-10">10 August 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCD6543FB7F566CFF030591" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">
<collectorName id="666590F6FFCD6543FB7F566CFAEA05BD" box="[1246,1357,1916,1942]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">D. Lyskov</collectorName>
165-IR-19
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="AD816DE5FFCD6543FF1256B1FF4B0591" box="[179,236,1952,1978]" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">MW</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="838AA6ABFFCD6543FF1C56D5FEA70A0D" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CB2FF520FFCD6543FF1C56D5FA8005F5" blockId="1.[136,1452,1520,2086]" box="[189,1319,1988,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCD6543FF1C56D5FEC305F5" bold="true" box="[189,356,1988,2014]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The specific epithet “
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCD6543FDF556D4FD1E05F5" authorityName="Bidarlord &amp; Lyskov" authorityYear="2023" box="[596,697,1989,2014]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="iranicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCD6543FDF556D4FD1E05F5" box="[596,697,1989,2014]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">iranicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” refers to
<collectingCountry id="B387B5B0FFCD6543FC9156D4FCC705F4" box="[816,864,1989,2015]" name="Iran" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">Iran</collectingCountry>
, where the
<typeStatus id="142B4B82FFCD6543FC4156D4FBB705F4" box="[992,1040,1989,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">type</typeStatus>
specimen was collected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB2FF520FFCD6543FF1C56F9FEA70A0D" blockId="1.[136,1452,1520,2086]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCD6543FF1C56F9FEF80A29" bold="true" box="[189,351,2024,2050]" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">Phenology:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCD6543FEFE56F9FDEA0A29" authorityName="Bidarlord &amp; Lyskov" authorityYear="2023" box="[351,589,2024,2050]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="iranicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCD6543FEFE56F9FDEA0A29" box="[351,589,2024,2050]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="184">Bupleurum iranicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been collected in the flowering and fruiting stage from late July to September
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="9FEFA5A8FFCE6540FF29518FFEAE02F7" ID-Table-UUID="9FEFA5A8FFCE6540FF29518FFEAE02F7" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9FEFA5A8FFCE6540FF29518FFEAE02F7" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" startId="2.[136,229,158,184]" targetBox="[144,1439,248,1525]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="CB2FF520FFCE6540FF29518FFEAE02F7" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,220]" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FF29518FFEA70293" bold="true" box="[136,256,158,184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">TABLE 1</emphasis>
Comparison of morphological features of
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FCA3518FFC570293" authorityName="Bidarlord &amp; Lyskov" authorityYear="2023" box="[770,1008,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="iranicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FCA3518FFC570293" box="[770,1008,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Bupleurum iranicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FBA4518EFB0F0293" authorityName="Huber-Morath &amp; Reese" authorityYear="1945" box="[1029,1192,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FBA4518EFB0F0293" box="[1029,1192,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">B. anatolicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FB1D518EFAED0293" box="[1212,1354,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kurdicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FB1D518EFAED0293" box="[1212,1354,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">B. kurdicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FA32518EFEAE02F7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brachiatum">B. brachiatum</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="CB2FF520FFCE6540FEC651E8FB4F07DE" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<table id="B9900780FFCE9ABDFF3151E9FA3807DE" box="[144,1439,248,1525]" gridcols="6" gridrows="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF3151E9FA380325" box="[144,1439,248,270]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC651E9FDB00325" box="[359,535,248,270]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FEC651E8FE790325" authorityName="Bidarlord &amp; Lyskov" authorityYear="2023" box="[359,478,249,270]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="iranicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FEC651E8FE790325" bold="true" box="[359,478,249,270]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">B. iranicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE951E9FCA60325" box="[584,769,248,270]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FDE951E8FD730325" authorityName="Huber-Morath &amp; Reese" authorityYear="1945" box="[584,724,248,270]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anatolicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FDE951E8FD730325" bold="true" box="[584,724,248,270]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">B. anatolicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD51E9FC7C0325" box="[796,987,248,270]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FCBD51E8FC7C0325" box="[796,987,248,270]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="marschallianum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FCBD51E8FC7C0325" bold="true" box="[796,987,248,270]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">B. marschallianum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D51E9FB620325" box="[1020,1221,248,270]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FC5D51E8FBDF0325" box="[1020,1144,248,270]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kurdicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FC5D51E8FBDF0325" bold="true" box="[1020,1144,248,270]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">B. kurdicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D51E9FA380325" box="[1244,1439,248,270]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FB7D51E8FACC0325" bold="true" box="[1244,1387,248,270]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">B. brachiatum</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF315026FA380366" box="[144,1439,311,333]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF315026FEF60366" box="[144,337,311,333]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Stem length, cm</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC65026FDB00366" box="[359,535,311,333]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">20–50</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE95026FCA60366" box="[584,769,311,333]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">20–40</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD5026FC7C0366" box="[796,987,311,333]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">40–60 (100)</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D5026FB620366" box="[1020,1221,311,333]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">(20) 50–80</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D5026FA380366" box="[1244,1439,311,333]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">up to 20–50</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF315064FA380384" box="[144,1439,373,431]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF315064FEF60384" box="[144,337,373,431]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Stem branching</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC65064FDB00384" box="[359,535,373,431]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">non-branching or slightly branched</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE95064FCA60384" box="[584,769,373,431]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">diffusely branched</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD5064FC7C0384" box="[796,987,373,431]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">diffusely forked- branched</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D5064FB620384" box="[1020,1221,373,431]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">dichotomously branched</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D5064FA380384" box="[1244,1439,373,431]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">dichotomously branched</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF3150C6FA3803C6" box="[144,1439,471,493]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF3150C6FEF603C6" box="[144,337,471,493]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Ray number</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC650C6FDB003C6" box="[359,535,471,493]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">2–3</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE950C6FCA603C6" box="[584,769,471,493]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">1–2 (3)</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD50C6FC7C03C6" box="[796,987,471,493]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">2–3(6)</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D50C6FB6203C6" box="[1020,1221,471,493]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">5–10</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D50C6FA3803C6" box="[1244,1439,471,493]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">3–4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF315304FA380000" box="[144,1439,533,555]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF315304FEF60000" box="[144,337,533,555]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Ray length, cm</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC65304FDB00000" box="[359,535,533,555]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">subequal, 1.5–2</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE95304FCA60000" box="[584,769,533,555]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">unequal, 0.8–2</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD5304FC7C0000" box="[796,987,533,555]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">unequal, 0.5–2 (3)</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D5304FB620000" box="[1020,1221,533,555]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">unequal, 0.5–2</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D5304FA380000" box="[1244,1439,533,555]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">unequal, 0.3–2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF315342FA3800A6" box="[144,1439,595,653]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF315342FEF600A6" box="[144,337,595,653]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Bract shape</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC65342FDB000A6" box="[359,535,595,653]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">elliptic to ovate</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE95342FCA600A6" box="[584,769,595,653]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">subsetaceous</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD5342FC7C00A6" box="[796,987,595,653]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">lanceolate</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D5342FB6200A6" box="[1020,1221,595,653]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">narrowly ovate to subulate, attenuatous</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D5342FA3800A6" box="[1244,1439,595,653]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">lanceolate, keeled</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF3153A4FA3800E0" box="[144,1439,693,715]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF3153A4FEF600E0" box="[144,337,693,715]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Bract length, mm</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC653A4FDB000E0" box="[359,535,693,715]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">equal, 1–2</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE953A4FCA600E0" box="[584,769,693,715]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">subequal, 2–3</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD53A4FC7C00E0" box="[796,987,693,715]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">unequal, 2–5</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D53A4FB6200E0" box="[1020,1221,693,715]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">unequal, 4–14</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D53A4FA3800E0" box="[1244,1439,693,715]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">subequal, 2–5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF3153E5FA380106" box="[144,1439,756,813]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF3153E5FEF60106" box="[144,337,756,813]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Bracteoles</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC653E5FDB00106" box="[359,535,756,813]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">elliptic to ovate</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE953E5FCA60106" box="[584,769,756,813]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">lanceolate-subulate</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD53E5FC7C0106" box="[796,987,756,813]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">lanceolate</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D53E5FB620106" box="[1020,1221,756,813]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">anguste ovate, subulate, 2.5–6 mm.</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D53E5FA380106" box="[1244,1439,756,813]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">lanceolate to elliptic</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF315244FA3801A4" box="[144,1439,853,911]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF315244FEF601A4" box="[144,337,853,911]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Flowers in umbellets, number</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC65244FDB001A4" box="[359,535,853,911]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">4–7</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE95244FCA601A4" box="[584,769,853,911]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">3–5</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD5244FC7C01A4" box="[796,987,853,911]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">3–8</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D5244FB6201A4" box="[1020,1221,853,911]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">8–12</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D5244FA3801A4" box="[1244,1439,853,911]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">6–15</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF3152A6FA38063E" box="[144,1439,951,1045]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF3152A6FEF6063E" box="[144,337,951,1045]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Petals</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC652A6FDB0063E" box="[359,535,951,1045]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">smooth, shallowly bifid</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE952A6FCA6063E" box="[584,769,951,1045]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">truncate</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD52A6FC7C063E" box="[796,987,951,1045]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">truncate</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D52A6FB62063E" box="[1020,1221,951,1045]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">broad, shallowly bifid.</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D52A6FA38063E" box="[1244,1439,951,1045]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">granulose-papillate at band, inflexed lobe long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF31552CFA38065C" box="[144,1439,1085,1143]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF31552CFEF6065C" box="[144,337,1085,1143]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Stylopodium width, mm</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC6552CFDB0065C" box="[359,535,1085,1143]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">0.4–0.6</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE9552CFCA6065C" box="[584,769,1085,1143]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">0.6–0.8</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD552CFC7C065C" box="[796,987,1085,1143]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">(0.3) 0.7–0.9</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D552CFB62065C" box="[1020,1221,1085,1143]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">0.9–1.1</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D552CFA38065C" box="[1244,1439,1085,1143]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">0.8–1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF31558EFA38069E" box="[144,1439,1183,1205]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF31558EFEF6069E" box="[144,337,1183,1205]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Style length, mm</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC6558EFDB0069E" box="[359,535,1183,1205]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">0.3–0.4</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE9558EFCA6069E" box="[584,769,1183,1205]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">0.3–0.4</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD558EFC7C069E" box="[796,987,1183,1205]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">0.4–0.5</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D558EFB62069E" box="[1020,1221,1183,1205]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">0.5–0.8</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D558EFA38069E" box="[1244,1439,1183,1205]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">0.4–0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF3155CCFA3806D8" box="[144,1439,1245,1267]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF3155CCFEF606D8" box="[144,337,1245,1267]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Mericarp size, mm</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC655CCFDB006D8" box="[359,535,1245,1267]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">2–3 × 1–1.5</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE955CCFCA606D8" box="[584,769,1245,1267]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">2 × 1.5–2</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD55CCFC7C06D8" box="[796,987,1245,1267]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">2 × 1.5</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D55CCFB6206D8" box="[1020,1221,1245,1267]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">2.5 × 1</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D55CCFA3806D8" box="[1244,1439,1245,1267]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">1.5–2.5 × 0.8–1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF31540AFA38077E" box="[144,1439,1307,1365]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF31540AFEF6077E" box="[144,337,1307,1365]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Mericarp shape in cross section</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC6540AFDB0077E" box="[359,535,1307,1365]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">pentagonal</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE9540AFCA6077E" box="[584,769,1307,1365]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">pentagonal</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD540AFC7C077E" box="[796,987,1307,1365]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">round</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D540AFB62077E" box="[1020,1221,1307,1365]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">pentagonal</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D540AFA38077E" box="[1244,1439,1307,1365]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">pentagonal</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF31546CFA38079C" box="[144,1439,1405,1463]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF31546CFEF6079C" box="[144,337,1405,1463]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Vallecular vittae per furrow</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC6546CFDB0079C" box="[359,535,1405,1463]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">1</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE9546CFCA6079C" box="[584,769,1405,1463]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">1</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD546CFC7C079C" box="[796,987,1405,1463]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">1</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D546CFB62079C" box="[1020,1221,1405,1463]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">5</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D546CFA38079C" box="[1244,1439,1405,1463]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="75A0F762FFCE9ABDFF3154CEFA3807DE" box="[144,1439,1503,1525]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<th id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFF3154CEFEF607DE" box="[144,337,1503,1525]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Commissural vittae</th>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFEC654CEFDB007DE" box="[359,535,1503,1525]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">2</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFDE954CEFCA607DE" box="[584,769,1503,1525]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">2</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFCBD54CEFC7C07DE" box="[796,987,1503,1525]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">2</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFC5D54CEFB6207DE" box="[1020,1221,1503,1525]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">4–6</td>
<td id="36719E1EFFCE9ABDFB7D54CEFA3807DE" box="[1244,1439,1503,1525]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">2</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="838AA6ABFFCE6541FF1C5721FBC70363" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CB2FF520FFCE6540FF1C5721FC8505FC" blockId="2.[136,1452,1584,2079]" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FF1C5721FDAC0460" bold="true" box="[189,523,1584,1611]" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Distribution and ecology:—</emphasis>
The species is only known from the
<typeStatus id="142B4B82FFCE6540FC0D5720FC7B0460" box="[940,988,1585,1611]" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="09543BC2FFCE6540FBFF5721FA840461" box="[1118,1315,1584,1610]" country="Iran" name="Ardabil" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Ardabil Province</collectingRegion>
.
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FA8E5721FF4A0445" authorityName="Bidarlord &amp; Lyskov" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="iranicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FA8E5721FF4A0445" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Bupleurum iranicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is apparently an Irano-Turanian element endemic to
<typeStatus id="142B4B82FFCE6540FCFA5744FC2C0444" box="[859,907,1621,1647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">type</typeStatus>
locality, northwest
<collectingCountry id="B387B5B0FFCE6540FBD35744FB040444" box="[1138,1187,1621,1647]" name="Iran" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Iran</collectingCountry>
. It was found on open dry slopes of marl hills, with average annual precipitation ca.
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCE6540FCC45768FC6D04B8" box="[869,970,1657,1683]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" unit="mm" value="300.0">300 mm</quantity>
. A randomly distributed population of
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FA325768FF4A049D" authorityName="Bidarlord &amp; Lyskov" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="iranicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FA325768FF4A049D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">B. iranicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might consist of 200–500 individuals in one revealed population. It is worth mentioning that two new species,
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FF2957D1FC8704F0" authority="Bidarlord &amp; D. A. German (2021: 2)" authorityName="Bidarlord &amp; D. A. German" authorityPageNumber="2" authorityYear="2021" box="[136,800,1728,1755]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Lepidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="khalkhalicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FF2957D1FE2804F1" box="[136,399,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Lepidium khalkhalicum</emphasis>
Bidarlord &amp; D.A.German (2021: 2)
</taxonomicName>
(Bidarlord
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FC0057D0FC7F04F1" box="[929,984,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">et al.</emphasis>
2021) and
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FBF557D1FE2004D4" authority="Bidarlord &amp; Jamzad (2021: 505)" authorityName="Bidarlord &amp; Jamzad" authorityPageNumber="505" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Sideritis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="khalkhalica">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FBF557D1FA9D04F1" box="[1108,1338,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Sideritis khalkhalica</emphasis>
Bidarlord &amp; Jamzad (2021: 505)
</taxonomicName>
(Bidarlord &amp; Jamzad 2021), have recently been described from this habitat. The species was found growing in association with
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FDA75619FC7A0508" authority="Boiss. (1872: 831)" authorityName="Boiss." authorityPageNumber="831" authorityYear="1872" box="[518,989,1800,1827]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Actinolema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrolema">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FDA75619FCAF0509" box="[518,776,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Actinolema macrolema</emphasis>
Boiss. (1872: 831)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FC465618FEC5056D" authority="(Boiss.) Hadac &amp; Chrtek (1973: 260)" authorityName="Hadac &amp; Chrtek" authorityPageNumber="260" authorityYear="1973" baseAuthorityName="Boiss." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Meniocus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meniocoides">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FC465618FB410509" box="[999,1254,1800,1826]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Meniocus meniocoides</emphasis>
(Boiss.) Hadač &amp; Chrtek (1973: 260)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FECF563DFC49056C" authority="Boiss. &amp; Hausskn. (1875: 314)" authorityName="Boiss. &amp; Hausskn." authorityPageNumber="314" authorityYear="1875" box="[366,1006,1836,1863]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Anthemis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schizostephana">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FECF563DFD2F056D" box="[366,648,1836,1862]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Anthemis schizostephana</emphasis>
Boiss. &amp; Hausskn. (1875: 314)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FC5B563CFA00056C" authority="K. Koch (1848: 392)" authorityName="K. Koch" authorityPageNumber="392" authorityYear="1848" box="[1018,1447,1836,1863]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Avena" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="byzantina">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FC5B563CFB14056D" box="[1018,1203,1836,1863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Avena byzantina</emphasis>
K. Koch (1848: 392)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FF295640FD890540" authority="Trin. (1831: 24)" authorityName="Trin." authorityPageNumber="24" authorityYear="1831" box="[136,558,1872,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Bromus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="danthoniae">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FF295640FEC00541" box="[136,359,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Bromus danthoniae</emphasis>
Trin. (1831: 24)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FD9C5640FB140540" authority="(Spreng.) Nevski (1933: 18)" authorityName="Nevski" authorityPageNumber="18" authorityYear="1933" baseAuthorityName="Spreng." box="[573,1203,1872,1899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Eremopyrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bonaepartis">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FD9C5640FCF80541" box="[573,863,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Eremopyrum bonaepartis</emphasis>
(Spreng.) Nevski (1933: 18)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FB625641FA0C0541" box="[1219,1451,1872,1898]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Chardinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FB625641FA0C0541" box="[1219,1451,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Chardinia orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Kuntze (1887: 18),
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FE385665FCE805A4" authority="Dandy (1957: 47)" authorityName="Dandy" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1957" box="[409,847,1908,1935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Galium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tricornutum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FE385665FDDC05A5" box="[409,635,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Galium tricornutum</emphasis>
Dandy (1957: 47)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FCFD5665FA0105A4" authority="(Moq.) Botsch. (1981: 134)" authorityName="Botsch." authorityPageNumber="134" authorityYear="1981" baseAuthorityName="Moq." box="[860,1446,1908,1935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Halothamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="auriculus">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FCFD5665FBC205A5" box="[860,1125,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Halothamnus auriculus</emphasis>
(Moq.) Botsch. (1981: 134)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FF295689FEDD0599" box="[136,378,1944,1970]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Malvella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sherardiana">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FF295689FEDD0599" box="[136,378,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Malvella sherardiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Jaub. &amp; Spach (1854: 46),
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FD7E5689FC600599" box="[735,967,1944,1970]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Ranunculus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arvensis">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FD7E5689FC600599" box="[735,967,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Ranunculus arvensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (1753: 555),
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FBDE5689FEE905FC" authority="C. A. Mey. (1831: 137)" authorityName="C. A. Mey." authorityPageNumber="137" authorityYear="1831" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Trigonella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monantha">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FBDE5689FACD0599" box="[1151,1386,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Trigonella monantha</emphasis>
C. A. Mey. (1831: 137)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FE2956ADFCB805FC" authority="Bunge (1873: 39)" authorityName="Bunge" authorityPageNumber="39" authorityYear="1873" box="[392,799,1980,2007]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Ziziphora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="persica">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FE2956ADFDE905FD" box="[392,590,1980,2006]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Ziziphora persica</emphasis>
Bunge (1873: 39)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB2FF520FFCE6541FF1C56F1FBC70363" blockId="2.[136,1452,1584,2079]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,158,329]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FF1C56F1FBF605D0" bold="true" box="[189,1105,2016,2043]" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list category:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCE6540FBF356F1FA9C05D1" authorityName="Bidarlord &amp; Lyskov" authorityYear="2023" box="[1106,1339,2016,2042]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="iranicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCE6540FBF356F1FA9C05D1" box="[1106,1339,2016,2042]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">Bupleurum iranicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from one sub-populations (criterion B2ab (iii)), the area of occupancy (AOO) is less than
<quantity id="0C6858C5FFCE6540FB6E5914FABF0A35" box="[1231,1304,2052,2079]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="185" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
<superScript id="3CE55868FFCE6540FAB95915FA870A39" attach="left" box="[1304,1312,2052,2066]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="185">2</superScript>
(criteria B1 and B2b (i, ii)). Its extent of occurrence (EOO) cannot be calculated since it is known only from one population. It is also estimated that the total number of individuals of this endemic species does not exceed 500 individuals (criterion C). Its localities are nearby villages and not well protected at present. In addition, human activities, especially road constructing and overgrazing, are threatening the species. Therefore, according to the
<bibRefCitation id="AF0188D1FFCF6541FB9A501BFB77030F" author="IUCN" box="[1083,1232,266,292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" refId="ref3708" refString="IUCN (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland; Cambridge, United Kingdom [http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf]" type="url" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
Red List categories and criteria, conservation status of
<taxonomicName id="0C908EA3FFCF6541FDB1503EFD330363" authorityName="Bidarlord &amp; Lyskov" authorityYear="2023" box="[528,660,303,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bupleurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="186" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="iranicum">
<emphasis id="F9E42932FFCF6541FDB1503EFD330363" box="[528,660,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="186">B. iranicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is defined as critically endangered (CR).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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