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<document id="4833A8602D2D96F21C04C1D52A97D3C3" ID-CLB-Dataset="24723" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4704.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4bc9a2a0-5eb7-4a14-aa2a-013ccd6ca4b1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3563576" ID-ZooBank="0AF043C6-38E4-4546-A7FB-C43BAC5A9837" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1575538080228" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Smith, David G., Bogorodsky, Sergey V., Mal, Ahmad O. &amp; Alpermann, Tilman J." docDate="2019" docId="A84F87BCFF99693EFF5AFDFEFC1EFEC3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4704.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4704 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gymnothorax elegans Bliss 1883" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="5476FFC4FF816927FFCDFF93FFC2FFDC" masterDocTitle="Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1698772232398" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E2E5B08AACE66E3993C71BE1B98D6056">Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B5710E6C32F96B4E7496CDEB27DAA622">Smith, David G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="43282974333C12F1C16161CACC96A96C">Bogorodsky, Sergey V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DEAC2F70057FB03D35027F645C3259B6">Mal, Ahmad O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BDDB9F3A326FAF8DA97397C5418425DB">Alpermann, Tilman J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="952E4A07AF7D5D23CED169926E4EC2D4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CD292D4D11B31F9BB4064A843723D89A">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C7AE3F306A0A6C6DB991EDC773583E5C">4704</mods:number>
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<treatment id="A84F87BCFF99693EFF5AFDFEFC1EFEC3" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160630841" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A84F87BCFF99693EFF5AFDFEFC1EFEC3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A84F87BCFF99693EFF5AFDFEFC1EFEC3" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF99693FFF5AFDFEFD3DFD5B" box="[151,767,621,648]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF5AFDFEFD3DFD5B" blockId="24.[151,767,621,683]" box="[151,767,621,648]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="7B1181C6FF99693FFF5AFDFEFD3DFD5B" bold="true" box="[151,767,621,648]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF5AFDFEFD3DFD5B" bold="true" box="[151,767,621,648]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFF5AFDFEFDE6FD5B" ID-CoL="3HVBQ" authority="Bliss 1883" authorityName="Bliss" authorityYear="1883" box="[151,548,621,648]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF5AFDFEFE63FD54" bold="true" box="[151,417,621,648]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Gymnothorax elegans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFE64FDFEFDE6FD5B" author="Bliss, R." box="[425,548,621,647]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="45 - 63" refId="ref51912" refString="Bliss, R. (1883) Descriptions of new species of Mauritian fishes. Transactions of the Royal Society of Arts and Sciences of Mauritius, New Series, 13, 45 - 63." type="journal article" year="1883">Bliss 1883</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
—Elegant
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF99693FFD67FDFEFD3DFD5B" box="[682,767,621,647]" country="United Kingdom" name="Moray" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Moray</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF99693FFF5AFD02FED4FD77" box="[151,278,657,683]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF5AFD02FED4FD77" blockId="24.[151,767,621,683]" box="[151,278,657,683]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
(
<figureCitation id="B8DD2A2FFF99693FFF52FD02FECFFD77" box="[159,269,657,683]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1267,1292]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,301,1247]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[192,1394,301,1247]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 13. Gymnothorax elegans, BPBM 34735, 495 mm TL, fresh specimen, Maldives. Photo by J.E. Randall." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3563602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3563602/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figure 13</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF99693FFF5AFD45FD44FCB4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF5AFD45FDF7FCD0" blockId="24.[151,1436,725,872]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="00F61184FF99693FFF5AFD45FDF7FCD0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFF5AFD45FDEFFD32" ID-CoL="44L3C" authority="Kaup 1856: 67" authorityName="Kaup" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,557,725,750]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavimarginata">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF5AFD45FE52FD31" box="[151,400,725,749]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Muraena flavimarginata</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF99693FFE5BFD45FDEFFD32" author="Kaup, J. J." box="[406,557,725,750]" page="67" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1856">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFE5BFD45FDEFFD32" author="Kaup, J. J." box="[406,557,725,750]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref53706" refString="Kaup, J. J. (1856) Catalogue of the apodal fish in the collection of the British Museum. Published by order of the Trustees, London, 163 pp." type="book" year="1856">Kaup 1856: 67</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF99693FFDF7FD46FD50FD32" box="[570,658,725,750]" name="Réunion" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Réunion</collectingCountry>
I.).
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FF99693FFD71FD46FCD9FD31" box="[700,795,725,749]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
, MNHN A-8811 (1, dry), A-8812 (1, dry). Preoccupied by
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFABFFD45FDF3FCD0" ID-CoL="44L3C" authority="Ruppell 1830" authorityName="Ruppell" authorityYear="1830" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flavimarginata">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFABFFD45FE5DFCD0" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Muraena flavimarginata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFE68FD60FDF3FCD0" author="Ruppell, W. P. E. S." box="[421,561,755,780]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref55418" refString="Ruppell, W. P. E. S. (1830) Atlas zu der Reise im nordlichen Afrika. Fische des Rothen Meers. Heinrich Ludwig Bronner, Frankfurt am Main, 141 pp." type="book" year="1830">Rüppell 1830</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF5AFC80FC57FC95" blockId="24.[151,1436,725,872]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="00F61184FF99693FFF5AFC80FC57FC95" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFF5AFC80FD50FCF7" ID-CoL="3HVBQ" authority="Bliss 1883: 60" authorityName="Bliss" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1883" box="[151,658,786,811]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF5AFC80FEB5FCF7" box="[151,375,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Gymnothorax elegans</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF99693FFEB2FC81FDD6FCF7" author="Bliss, R." box="[383,532,786,811]" page="60" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1883">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFEB2FC81FDD6FCF7" author="Bliss, R." box="[383,532,786,811]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="45 - 63" refId="ref51912" refString="Bliss, R. (1883) Descriptions of new species of Mauritian fishes. Transactions of the Royal Society of Arts and Sciences of Mauritius, New Series, 13, 45 - 63." type="journal article" year="1883">Bliss 1883: 60</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF99693FFDEEFC81FD4EFCF7" box="[547,652,786,811]" name="Mauritius" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FF99693FFD50FC81FD39FCF7" box="[669,763,786,811]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(unique), MCZ 5954.—
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF99693FFC3BFC81FB1BFCF6" author="Goren, M. &amp; Dor, M." box="[1014,1241,786,811]" page="7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFC3BFC81FB1BFCF6" author="Goren, M. &amp; Dor, M." box="[1014,1241,786,811]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref53184" refString="Goren, M. &amp; Dor, M. (1994) An updated checklist of the fishes of the Red Sea; CLOFRES II. Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem, XII + 120 pp." type="book" year="1994">Goren &amp; Dor 1994: 7</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF99693FFB2BFC81FEF2FC96" author="Randall, J. E. &amp; Golani, D." page="857" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFB2BFC81FEF2FC96" author="Randall, J. E. &amp; Golani, D." pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="849 - 880" refId="ref54991" refString="Randall, J. E. &amp; Golani, D. (1995) Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea. Bulletin of Marine Science, 56 (3), 849 - 880." type="journal article" year="1995">Randall &amp; Golani 1995: 857</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF99693FFEF6FCA2FDBCFC95" author="Golani, D. &amp; Bogorodsky, S. V." box="[315,638,817,842]" page="10" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFEF6FCA2FDBCFC95" author="Golani, D. &amp; Bogorodsky, S. V." box="[315,638,817,842]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 135" refId="ref53080" refString="Golani, D. &amp; Bogorodsky, S. V. (2010) The fishes of the Red Sea-reappraisal and updated checklist. Zootaxa, 2463, 1 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2463.1.1" type="journal article" year="2010">Golani &amp; Bogorodsky 2010: 10</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF99693FFD44FCA2FC53FC95" author="Golani, D. &amp; Fricke, R." box="[649,913,817,842]" page="21" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFD44FCA2FC53FC95" author="Golani, D. &amp; Fricke, R." box="[649,913,817,842]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 215" refId="ref53124" refString="Golani, D. &amp; Fricke, R. (2018) Checklist of the Red Sea fishes with delineation of the Gulf of Suez, Gulf of Aqaba, endemism and Lessepsian migrants. Zootaxa, 4509 (1), 1 - 215." type="journal article" year="2018">Golani &amp; Fricke 2018: 21</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF5AFCC3FD44FCB4" blockId="24.[151,1436,725,872]" box="[151,646,847,872]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="00F61184FF99693FFF5AFCC3FD44FCB4" box="[151,646,847,872]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFF5AFCC3FD40FCB4" ID-CoL="3WL5C" authority="Ajiad &amp; El-Absy 1986: 297" authorityName="Ajiad &amp; El-Absy" authorityPageNumber="297" authorityYear="1986" box="[151,642,847,872]" family="Muraenidae" genus="Lycodontis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF5AFCC3FE9BFCB4" box="[151,345,848,872]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Lycodontis elegans</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="A14710BBFF99693FFEA8FCDCFD40FCB4" author="Ajiad, A. M. &amp; El-Absy, A. H." box="[357,642,847,872]" page="297" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1986">
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFEA8FCDCFD40FCB4" author="Ajiad, A. M. &amp; El-Absy, A. H." box="[357,642,847,872]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="297 - 298" refId="ref51546" refString="Ajiad, A. M. &amp; El-Absy, A. H. (1986) First record of Lycodontis elegans (Pisces, Muraenidae) from the Red Sea. Cybium, 10 (3), 297 - 298." type="journal article" year="1986">Ajiad &amp; El-Absy 1986: 297</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF99693FFF5AFC05FD9DFBC1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF5AFC05FBF2FC6C" blockId="24.[151,1437,917,2025]" box="[151,1072,917,945]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF5AFC05FE06FC6C" bold="true" box="[151,452,917,944]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Red Sea material.
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFEBFFC06FE06FC6C" bold="true" box="[370,452,917,944]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF99693FFEBFFC06FE06FC6C" box="[370,452,917,944]" name="Jordan" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Jordan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</emphasis>
: Marine Science Station
<collectingRegion id="E222F848FF99693FFD13FC05FCE5FC6C" box="[734,807,918,944]" country="Jordan" name="Al 'Aqabah" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Aqaba</collectingRegion>
150–151 (2, 440–510).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF0AFC2AFD9DFBC1" blockId="24.[151,1437,917,2025]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF0AFC2AFE15FC08" bold="true" box="[199,471,953,980]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Comparative material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF99693FFE13FC29FC6CFC09" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587870" box="[478,942,953,981]" collectionCode="MCZ" country="Mauritius" location="Mauritius" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCode="MCZ 5954" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFE13FC29FD93FC08" bold="true" box="[478,593,954,980]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF99693FFE13FC29FD93FC08" box="[478,593,954,980]" name="Mauritius" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF99693FFDADFC29FD19FC08" box="[608,731,953,980]" collectionCode="MCZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">MCZ 5954</specimenCode>
(1, 622,
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FF99693FFCF2FC29FC64FC09" box="[831,934,954,981]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF99693FFC75FC29FE70FC25" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587651" collectionCode="MCZ" country="Mauritius" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCode="MCZ 5946" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF99693FFC75FC29FBF6FC08" box="[952,1076,953,980]" collectionCode="MCZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">MCZ 5946</specimenCode>
(1, 550,
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FF99693FFB5AFC29FB3BFC08" box="[1175,1273,954,980]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFAD3FC29FE68FC25" authority="Bliss" authorityName="Bliss" authorityYear="1883" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albomaculatus">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFAD3FC29FEAAFC24" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Gymnothorax albomaculatus</emphasis>
Bliss
</taxonomicName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF99693FFE71FC4EFC4EFC24" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587660" box="[444,908,989,1017]" collectionCode="BPBM" country="Maldives" location="Maldives" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCode="BPBM 34735" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFE71FC4EFDE6FC24" bold="true" box="[444,548,989,1016]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF99693FFE71FC4EFDE6FC24" box="[444,548,989,1016]" name="Maldives" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Maldives</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF99693FFDFFFC4CFD0EFC24" box="[562,716,989,1017]" collectionCode="BPBM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">BPBM 34735</specimenCode>
(1, 495).
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFCF5FC4DFC4EFC24" bold="true" box="[824,908,990,1016]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Hawaii</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation id="908E3CF7FF99693FFC57FC4DFD9EFBC1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2464587672" collectionCode="USNM" country="Jordan" location="Jordan" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCode="USNM 50617" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="70409ED1FF99693FFC57FC4DFBF5FC24" box="[922,1079,989,1016]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">USNM 50617</specimenCode>
(1, 540,
<typeStatus id="FF5D8808FF99693FFB54FC4DFB39FC24" box="[1177,1275,990,1016]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="E7E64D29FF99693FFAD3FC4DFEA4FBC0" authorityName="Jordan &amp; Evermann" authorityYear="1903" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Gymnothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goldsboroughi">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFAD3FC4DFEA4FBC0" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Gymnothorax goldsboroughi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF99693FFEA0FB91FE7AFBC0" box="[365,440,1026,1052]" name="Jordan" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Jordan</collectingCountry>
&amp; Evermann)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF99693FFF0AFBB6FDEDF9E5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF0AFBB6FC6AFB54" blockId="24.[151,1437,917,2025]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF0AFBB6FE9BFB9C" bold="true" box="[199,345,1061,1088]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description.</emphasis>
In TL: preanal length 2.1–2.4, predorsal length 11–14, head length 7.5–9.9, body depth at anus 18–30. In head length: snout length 4.5–6.9, eye diameter 9.0–12.0, upper-jaw length 2.2–2.8. Pores: LL 2, SO 3, IO 4, POM 6. Vertebrae: predorsal 2–5, preanal 52–57, total 141–146.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF0AFB01FABEFB29" blockId="24.[151,1437,917,2025]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Body moderately elongate; anus before midlength; dorsal-fin origin before gill opening. Jaws moderate, of equal length or lower jaw slightly protruding. Eye moderate, over middle of upper jaw. Anterior nostril tubular, reaching edge of lip when depressed; posterior nostril in a low tube, over or just in front of anterior edge of eye.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF52FB6DFED0FAE1" blockId="24.[151,1437,917,2025]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Teeth in jaws uniserial, triangular, finely serrate; a single median intermaxillary tooth. Vomerine teeth small, in a single row.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF0AFAD5FE72F9C8" blockId="24.[151,1437,917,2025]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF0AFAD5FECAFABC" box="[199,264,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Color</emphasis>
: a complex pattern of pale spots on a dark brown background, continued onto head and dorsal fin. Anteriorly, spots smaller and more closely set, with the pale background often reduced to a narrow reticulation; in the middle of body spots as large as or slightly larger than eye; posteriorly, spots larger and farther apart, becoming aligned dorsoventrally, eventually forming irregular pale bars. Anal fin dark at base with a white edge, dorsal fin with a narrow white edge posteriorly. A dark spot around gill opening. Sometimes a dark stripe midventrally on throat and anterior trunk.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF0AF98DFDEDF9E5" blockId="24.[151,1437,917,2025]" box="[199,559,1566,1593]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Maximum size at least
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFF99693FFE06F98DFDE9F9E5" box="[459,555,1566,1593]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="800.0">800 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF99693FFF0AF9D2FF22F915" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693FFF0AF9D2FF22F915" blockId="24.[151,1437,917,2025]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF0AF9D2FE36F980" bold="true" box="[199,500,1601,1628]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
Across the Indo-Pacific from the western Indian Ocean and Red Sea to Hawaiian Islands and
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF99693FFEECF9F5FE2AF95C" box="[289,488,1638,1664]" name="French Polynesia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">French Polynesia</collectingCountry>
, at about
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFF99693FFD94F9F5FD0FF95D" box="[601,717,1638,1665]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="245.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="90.0">90–400 m</quantity>
depth. Red Sea records from the Gulf of Aqaba only, where it was first reported on the basis of two specimens collected by hook and line at a depth of
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFF99693FFB4EF919FB09F979" box="[1155,1227,1674,1701]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFB17F919FF11F915" author="Ajiad, A. M. &amp; El-Absy, A. H." pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="297 - 298" refId="ref51546" refString="Ajiad, A. M. &amp; El-Absy, A. H. (1986) First record of Lycodontis elegans (Pisces, Muraenidae) from the Red Sea. Cybium, 10 (3), 297 - 298." type="journal article" year="1986">Ajiad &amp; El-Absy 1986</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68FC6521FF99693EFF0AF941FC1EFEC3" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="205936AAFF99693EFF0AF941FC1EFEC3" blockId="24.[151,1437,917,2025]" lastBlockId="25.[151,1436,153,287]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="1292EAB8FF99693FFF0AF941FEF9F930" bold="true" box="[199,315,1746,1772]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species is known in the Red Sea from the two specimens cited above and another specimen photographed from a submarine at a depth of
<quantity id="E71E9B4FFF99693FFD5EF966FCD6F8CD" box="[659,788,1781,1809]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="375.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="350.0">350–400 m</quantity>
, also in the Gulf of Aqaba (
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFB8BF965FA52F8CC" author="Randall, J. E. &amp; Golani, D." box="[1094,1424,1781,1808]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="849 - 880" refId="ref54991" refString="Randall, J. E. &amp; Golani, D. (1995) Review of the moray eels (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) of the Red Sea. Bulletin of Marine Science, 56 (3), 849 - 880." type="journal article" year="1995">Randall &amp; Golani, 1995: 857</bibRefCitation>
). We did not examine the specimens and do not know the number of vertebrae.
<bibRefCitation id="44774B5BFF99693FFBCAF889FAA2F8E8" author="Bohlke, E. B. &amp; Randall, J. E." box="[1031,1376,1818,1844]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="203 - 278" refId="ref52328" refString="Bohlke, E. B. &amp; Randall, J. E. (2000) A review of the moray eels (Angulliformes [sic]: Muraenidae) of the Hawaiian Islands, with descriptions of two new species. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 150, 203 - 278." type="journal article" year="2000">Böhlke &amp; Randall (2000: 233)</bibRefCitation>
gave a range of 138–150 total vertebrae for this species, which seems excessive for one species, but they did not break down the counts geographically. The counts given above (141–146) are of specimens from
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF99693FFB6DF8F1FACFF8A0" box="[1184,1293,1890,1916]" name="Mauritius" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
and Hawaii, and there seems little difference between those two widely separated localities. This species is not commonly collected, undoubtedly due to its deep-water habitat and probably cryptic habits. Nevertheless, we were able to include the species in the present phylogeny, although we did not obtain specimens and tissue samples from the Red Sea during the past surveys carried out in the frame of the project on biodiversity of the Red Sea. The two specimens, for which COI sequence data are included here, come from the southwestern Indian Ocean (
<collectingCountry id="58F1763AFF98693EFB65FF2EFAF9FF04" box="[1192,1339,189,216]" name="South Africa" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">South Africa</collectingCountry>
) and the South Pacific (Society Islands). Despite this large geographic distance, the sequences showed no strong divergence, hinting at a rather low level of differentiation across the distribution range.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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