100 lines
13 KiB
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100 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document id="3EA81CE1D609F8D047116FA150951568" ID-DOI="10.2307/3889334" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f85aa0a-0368-41a5-83d3-21c33f40845e" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3739929" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,jeremy" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jeremy" approvalRequired="19" approvalRequired_for_bibRefs="2" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="7" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="2" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="8" checkinTime="1585838636713" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Christopher A. Brochu" docDate="2003" docId="9A3A87D00B5E0D67FF2FA34538EDFEF7" docLanguage="en" docName="socVertebratePaleoMemoir_Brochu2003ABBYY_2.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Daspletosaurus torosus Russell 1970" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="6603FFA80B5D0D64FFF6AB533D39FF9A" masterDocTitle="Osteology of Tyrannosaurus rex: insights from a nearly complete skeleton and high-resolution computed tomographic analysis of the skull" masterLastPageNumber="138" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1689591936236" updateUser="jeremy">
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<mods:mods id="622D49F5C3161F159522B62AE00C2398" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0633389B483B5EBCDE19FAD947E74551">
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<mods:title id="6BF425BC68DE5B7944CBF09B6E617BFC">Osteology of Tyrannosaurus rex: insights from a nearly complete skeleton and high-resolution computed tomographic analysis of the skull</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="79EC803FA8EDC98EF08315EA846692D1" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="58C721DA55A33317CCECA4BD17AE8F5E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5BA3D932324EA3BAF206A423130E8EF7">Christopher A. Brochu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="19FCA1B221B49B0CE244ACAB416E5F7D">Department of Geology, Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DD3F29693CDBD264BDD50C4F5605726A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D9F89BF362884C7ADA83BADD5EE866D4">Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A45C0548C823C2466A10F7F46855564D">
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<mods:date id="85CB000B397E9632C85ABCA1B0847C11">2003</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="01868C5C715FC2CD53145532AF003761" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="637BF977BCCB8100036480AA8F7C83D9">2003-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="22A633896AFE8646ABFCA66B09455A1F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C31C4ACA9F02F5FAFCCBC59E3557827D">22</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="B63131CFC59BB99F29454219CC9E7067">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="8FB9F240F73D92EF19C5ECF0DD7C1949">138</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="5D88E494C3D41ECD1FCF9DD4385CCD57">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A4DF6D37BA968DEC997C5BD04A7DF9A2" type="DOI">10.2307/3889334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9A3A87D00B5E0D67FF2FA34538EDFEF7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810817" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190303343" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3810817" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A3A87D00B5E0D67FF2FA34538EDFEF7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A3A87D00B5E0D67FF2FA34538EDFEF7" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="5A89654D0B5E0D67FF2FA3453EA5F7AC" box="[217,924,2067,2105]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="122C36C60B5E0D67FF2FA3453EA5F7AC" blockId="3.[172,1232,285,3161]" box="[217,924,2067,2105]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="D5934D450B5E0D67FF2FA3453EA5F7AC" authority="Russell, 1970" authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" box="[217,924,2067,2105]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torosus">
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<emphasis id="20E7EAD40B5E0D67FF2FA3453FBCF7A2" box="[217,645,2069,2105]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Daspletosaurus torosus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="76024B370B5E0D67FD54A3473EA5F7AC" author="Russell, D. A." box="[674,924,2067,2103]" journalOrPublisher="National Museum of Natural Sciences Publications in Palaeontology" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 34" part="1" refId="ref77430" refString="Russell, D. A. 1970. Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada. National Museum of Natural Sciences Publications in Palaeontology 1: 1 - 34." title="Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada" type="journal article" year="1970">
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<emphasis id="20E7EAD40B5E0D67FD54A3473EA5F7AC" bold="true" box="[674,924,2067,2103]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Russell, 1970</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5A89654D0B5E0D67FC6AA34039A9F690" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="122C36C60B5E0D67FC6AA34039A9F690" blockId="3.[172,1232,285,3161]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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—
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<bibRefCitation id="76024B370B5E0D67FC31A34139F5F7AF" author="Russell, D. A." box="[967,1228,2065,2102]" journalOrPublisher="National Museum of Natural Sciences Publications in Palaeontology" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 34" part="1" refId="ref77430" refString="Russell, D. A. 1970. Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada. National Museum of Natural Sciences Publications in Palaeontology 1: 1 - 34." title="Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada" type="journal article" year="1970">Russell (1970)</bibRefCitation>
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based
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<taxonomicName id="D5934D450B5E0D67FED6A3133F93F7F9" authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" box="[288,682,2111,2148]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torosus">
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<emphasis id="20E7EAD40B5E0D67FED6A3133F93F7F9" box="[288,682,2111,2148]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Daspletosaurus torosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on a partial skull and skeleton, NMC 8506, from the Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation (Oldman Formation in
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<bibRefCitation id="76024B370B5E0D67FDD9A3C73E28F722" author="Russell, D. A." box="[559,785,2196,2232]" journalOrPublisher="National Museum of Natural Sciences Publications in Palaeontology" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 34" part="1" refId="ref77430" refString="Russell, D. A. 1970. Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada. National Museum of Natural Sciences Publications in Palaeontology 1: 1 - 34." title="Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada" type="journal article" year="1970">Russell, 1970</bibRefCitation>
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) of Alberta. It had a somewhat longer rostrum than other tyrannosaurids, and the number of maxillary or dentary alveoli at maturity may exceed 15.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5A89654D0B5E0D67FF2DA24638EDFEF7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="122C36C60B5E0D67FF2DA246395AF59D" blockId="3.[172,1232,285,3161]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Material from the Early Maastrichtian Two Medicine Formation, including an undescribed skeleton (MOR 590), is very similar to
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<taxonomicName id="D5934D450B5E0D67FE95A23B3F5DF616" baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[355,612,2408,2444]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="20E7EAD40B5E0D67FE95A23B3F5DF616" box="[355,612,2408,2444]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Horner et al., 1992; Holtz, 2001a) and may pertain to it (
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<bibRefCitation id="76024B370B5E0D67FDB7A2C23E59F62E" author="Varricchio, D. J." box="[577,864,2448,2485]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="401 - 406" part="75" refId="ref78357" refString="Varricchio, D. J. 2001. Gut contents from a Cretaceous tyrannosaurid: implications for theropod dinosaur digestive tracts. Journal of Paleontology 75: 401 - 406." title="Gut contents from a Cretaceous tyrannosaurid: implications for theropod dinosaur digestive tracts" type="journal article" year="2001">Varricchio, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="D5934D450B5E0D67FC72A2DC39BFF629" baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[900,1158,2447,2483]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="20E7EAD40B5E0D67FC72A2DC39BFF629" box="[900,1158,2447,2483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has also been reported from the Early Maastrichtian Horseshoe Canyon Formation of Alberta (
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<bibRefCitation id="76024B370B5E0D67FD4BA2B6396BF59D" author="Ryan, M. J. & A. P. Russell" box="[701,1106,2531,2569]" editor="D. H. Tanke & K. Carpenter" journalOrPublisher="Indiana University Press, Bloomington" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="279 - 297" refId="ref77510" refString="Ryan, M. J., and A. P. Russell. 2001. Dinosaurs of Alberta (exclusive of Aves); pp. 279 - 297 in D. H. Tanke and K. Carpenter (eds.), Mesozoic Vertebrate Life. Indiana University Press, Bloomington." title="Dinosaurs of Alberta (exclusive of Aves)" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Mesozoic Vertebrate Life" year="2001">Ryan and Russell, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="122C36C60B5E0D67FF2CA14138EDFEF7" blockId="3.[172,1232,285,3161]" lastBlockId="3.[1276,2332,280,3163]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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The Dinosaur Park, Oldman, and Horseshoe Canyon Formations appear to be the only units in which two large tyrannosaurids
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<emphasis id="20E7EAD40B5E0D67FEAFA1343E08F510" box="[345,817,2662,2699]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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(
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<taxonomicName id="D5934D450B5E0D67FE93A1343F74F511" authority="Osborn, 1905" authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" baseAuthorityName="Witmer" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[357,589,2663,2699]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Albertosaurus</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="D5934D450B5E0D67FDAAA1353E08F510" box="[604,817,2662,2698]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Gorgosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gorgosaurus</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="20E7EAD40B5E0D67FC76A13739B7F512" box="[896,1166,2660,2696]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="D5934D450B5E0D67FC76A13739BBF512" baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[896,1154,2660,2696]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Daspletosaurus</taxonomicName>
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)
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</emphasis>
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cooccur. This complicates our attempts to compare any tyrannosaurid skeleton with isolated fossils from either formation, as such bones could pertain to either taxon. There are several cranial characters that clearly separate the two, including number of teeth, size and orientation of the jugal foramen, and morphology of the promaxillary foramen, but incomplete (essentially postcranial) material may not be diagnosable to either taxon, and some may only be distinctive in mature individuals. An immature tyrannosaurid skull and skeleton from the Dinosaur Park Formation (RTMP 94.143.1) can be referred to
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<taxonomicName id="D5934D450B5E0D67FB89A75B3C56F3C3" baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="20E7EAD40B5E0D67FB89A75B3C56F3C3" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on the basis of the number of teeth, but the morphology of the jugal and maxilla is
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<emphasis id="20E7EAD40B5E0D67F894AA4A35AFFEA7" box="[1890,2198,281,317]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Albertosaurus-like,</emphasis>
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in several respects.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |