160 lines
20 KiB
XML
160 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="019D9B901E1D95F99DB16335792C39DC" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.13" ID-GBIF-Dataset="581887e9-1f43-42bb-a551-0b0afd7615f7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="289495" ID-ZooBank="4406DCAA-1A58-442F-8DDE-9A7356E314EE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461261572511" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kupriyanova, Elena K., Sun, Yanan, Ten Hove, Harry A., Wong, Eunice & Rouse, Greg W." docDate="2015" docId="2C77C307443CFFB1FF32F767FAE5D900" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04019p353.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4019 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Protula Risso 1826" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="304" masterDocId="D04EBB7F4421FFAFFFA5F224FFCFD840" masterDocTitle="Serpulidae (Annelida) of Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia" masterLastPageNumber="353" masterPageNumber="275" pageNumber="304" updateTime="1698609620731" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="320AB1247786C463A8E7F4C142BEB6DE">Serpulidae (Annelida) of Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D1F1115B2D29940850E11E72432C11C3">Kupriyanova, Elena K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="567B40FEEA2811F811E3D0AC40D5C67C">Sun, Yanan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="CA5173BEF59BFD9F2CF8D3C9251D01A3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="12A30C4B226AF2313DA56EDA930C7F6A">Ten Hove, Harry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F85E5E08E3B835839AFBB9BC365404E1">Wong, Eunice</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="034B65E23977BBC99122B9EB71C28071">Rouse, Greg W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="405897D4F563D714C0051357314ED13F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1350D69C962E010111971A88FBD646E3">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F27004835D465FE5858941CF95357151">4019</mods:number>
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<treatment id="2C77C307443CFFB1FF32F767FAE5D900" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6108318" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119637148" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6108318" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2C77C307443CFFB1FF32F767FAE5D900" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2C77C307443CFFB1FF32F767FAE5D900" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="304" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">
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<subSubSection id="ECC4219A443CFFB2FF32F767FB29DDE2" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A4617211443CFFB2FF32F767FE12DD1D" blockId="29.[151,477,1346,1373]" box="[151,477,1346,1373]" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">
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<heading id="FF29C57D443CFFB2FF32F767FE12DD1D" bold="true" box="[151,477,1346,1373]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="96AAAE03443CFFB2FF32F767FE12DD1D" bold="true" box="[151,477,1346,1373]" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB2FF48F766FE12DD1D" ID-CoL="84STY" authority="Risso, 1826" authorityName="Risso" authorityYear="1826" box="[237,477,1346,1373]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Protula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="96AAAE03443CFFB2FF48F766FE86DD1C" bold="true" box="[237,329,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">Protula</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE0443CFFB2FEF5F767FE12DD1D" author="Risso" box="[336,477,1347,1373]" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" refString="Risso, A. (1826) Histoire Naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe Meridionale et articulierement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. IV, Mollusques, Annelides. Levrault, Paris, 439 pp. [Annelides p. 397 - 432]" type="book chapter" year="1826">Risso, 1826</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A4617211443CFFB2FF32F7ADFB29DDE2" blockId="29.[151,1254,1417,1442]" box="[151,1254,1417,1442]" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">
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<emphasis id="96AAAE03443CFFB2FF32F7ADFEFBDDE2" bold="true" box="[151,308,1417,1442]" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">Type-species.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB2FE9EF7ADFD4ADDE2" authority="Risso, 1826" authorityName="Risso" authorityYear="1826" box="[315,645,1417,1442]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Protula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="rudolphi">
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<emphasis id="96AAAE03443CFFB2FE9EF7ADFE38DDE2" box="[315,503,1417,1442]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">Protula rudolphi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE0443CFFB2FE5BF7ADFD4ADDE2" author="Risso" box="[510,645,1417,1442]" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" refString="Risso, A. (1826) Histoire Naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe Meridionale et articulierement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. IV, Mollusques, Annelides. Levrault, Paris, 439 pp. [Annelides p. 397 - 432]" type="book chapter" year="1826">Risso, 1826</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB2FCC3F7ADFB2DDDE2" authority="Montagu, 1803" authorityName="Montagu" authorityYear="1803" box="[870,1250,1417,1442]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Serpula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tubularia">
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<emphasis id="96AAAE03443CFFB2FCC3F7ADFBE3DDE2" box="[870,1068,1417,1442]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">Serpula tubularia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE0443CFFB2FB91F7AEFB2DDDE2" author="Montagu" box="[1076,1250,1418,1442]" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" refString="Montagu, G. (1803) Testacea Brittanica or natural history of British shells, marine, land and fresh-water, including the most minute: systematically arranged and embellished with figures. Part II. J. S. Hollis, Romsey, London, 314 pp. [pp. 293 - 606] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 33927" type="book chapter" year="1803">Montagu, 1803</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ECC4219A443CFFB2FF32F7F5FB93DF6D" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="A4617211443CFFB2FF32F7F5FB93DF6D" blockId="29.[151,1437,1489,2018]" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">
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<emphasis id="96AAAE03443CFFB2FF32F7F5FEDEDDAA" bold="true" box="[151,273,1489,1514]" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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(from ten
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<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE0443CFFB2FE2CF7F6FD0FDDAA" author="Hove" box="[393,704,1489,1514]" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" refString="Kupriyanova, E. K., Hove, H. A. ten, Sket, B., Zaksek, V., Trontelj, P. & Rouse, G. W. (2009) Evolution of the unique freshwater cave-dwelling tube worm Marifugia cavatica (Annelida: Serpulidae). Systematics and Biodiversity, 7, 389 - 401. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1477200009990168" type="journal article" year="2009">Hove & Kupriyanova 2009</bibRefCitation>
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). Tube white, opaque, may be up to
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<quantity id="6326DFF4443CFFB2FBFFF7F6FB5EDDA9" box="[1114,1169,1490,1514]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
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across and
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<quantity id="6326DFF4443CFFB2FAB3F7F6FA93DDA9" box="[1302,1372,1490,1514]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" unit="cm" value="40.0">40 cm</quantity>
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long, (semi-)circular in cross-section, longitudinal keels and flaring peristomes absent. Operculum and pseudoperculum absent. Radioles arranged in two semicircles to a spire of up to 6 whorls, up to 320 per lobe (
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB2FB6FF43EFF1CDE16" authority="Moore, 1909" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1909" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Protula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="superba">
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<emphasis id="96AAAE03443CFFB2FB6FF43EFA8EDE72" box="[1226,1345,1561,1586]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">P. superba</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE0443CFFB2FAEFF43EFF1CDE16" author="Moore" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" refString="Moore, J. P. (1909) Polychaetous annelids from Monterey Bay and San Diego, California. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 61 (2), 235 - 295." type="journal article" year="1909">Moore, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Inter-radiolar membrane present. Branchial eyes may be present. Stylodes absent. Mouth palps present. Seven thoracic chaetigerous segments. Collar trilobed, tonguelets absent. Thoracic membranes long and wide, with undulating edge, forming ventral apron across anterior abdominal segments. Collar
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB2FBC2F4A1FB74DEDE" box="[1127,1211,1669,1694]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Apomatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chaetae">chaetae</taxonomicName>
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limbate.
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB2FA89F4A2FA53DEDD" box="[1324,1436,1670,1693]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Apomatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="96AAAE03443CFFB2FA89F4A2FA53DEDD" box="[1324,1436,1670,1693]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">Apomatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB2FF32F48DFF24DE82" box="[151,235,1705,1730]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Apomatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chaetae">chaetae</taxonomicName>
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present. Thoracic and abdominal uncini rasp-shaped with approximately 30 teeth in profile, up to 6 rows of teeth above and continuing onto elongated rounded peg. Thoracic triangular depression absent. Abdominal
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB2FAEDF4E9FA53DEA6" box="[1352,1436,1741,1766]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Apomatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chaetae">chaetae</taxonomicName>
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sickle-shaped, with finely denticulate blades, may be retro-geniculate in some taxa. Achaetous anterior abdominal zone absent. Long posterior capillary
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB2FD9BF531FD5DDF6E" box="[574,658,1813,1838]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Apomatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chaetae">chaetae</taxonomicName>
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present. Posterior glandular pad present.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ECC4219A443CFFB1FF62F51DFAE5D900" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="305" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="A4617211443CFFB1FF62F51DFAE5D900" blockId="29.[151,1437,1489,2018]" lastBlockId="30.[151,1437,151,320]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="305" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">
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<emphasis id="96AAAE03443CFFB2FF62F51DFEF4DF12" bold="true" box="[199,315,1849,1874]" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">Remarks.</emphasis>
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In their recent review of the taxonomy of serpulid genera, ten
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<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE0443CFFB2FB85F51EFA53DF12" author="Hove" box="[1056,1436,1849,1874]" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" refString="Kupriyanova, E. K., Hove, H. A. ten, Sket, B., Zaksek, V., Trontelj, P. & Rouse, G. W. (2009) Evolution of the unique freshwater cave-dwelling tube worm Marifugia cavatica (Annelida: Serpulidae). Systematics and Biodiversity, 7, 389 - 401. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1477200009990168" type="journal article" year="2009">Hove & Kupriyanova (2009: 81)</bibRefCitation>
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called
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB2FF44F579FEFADF36" box="[225,309,1885,1910]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Protula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="96AAAE03443CFFB2FF44F579FEFADF36" box="[225,309,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">Protula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the most problematic serpulid taxon. Often authors do not even try to identify specimens to species level as evidenced by over 60 literature records of
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB2FD6FF5A5FCD1DFDA" box="[714,798,1921,1946]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Protula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="96AAAE03443CFFB2FD6FF5A5FCD1DFDA" box="[714,798,1921,1946]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">Protula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB2FC80F5A6FC95DFD9" box="[805,858,1922,1945]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Semivermilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="spec">spec</taxonomicName>
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. in ten Hove’s literature database. The phylogenetic basis for this genus is ill-defined and based on negative characters, such as lack of an operculum, lack of special collar
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB2FF41F5EDFEF7DFA2" box="[228,312,1993,2018]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Apomatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="chaetae">chaetae</taxonomicName>
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and mostly lack of any characteristic ornamentation of the tube (although
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443CFFB1FB64F5EDFE8FD8F0" authority="Benedict, 1887" authorityName="Benedict" authorityYear="1887" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Protula" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="305" order="Sabellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="diomedeae">
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<emphasis id="96AAAE03443CFFB2FB64F5EDFA53DFA2" box="[1217,1436,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="304">Protula diomedeae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE0443FFFB1FF32F2B3FE8FD8F0" author="Benedict" box="[151,320,151,176]" pageId="30" pageNumber="305" refString="Benedict, J. E. (1887) Descriptions of ten species and one new genus of the annelids from the dredgings of the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Albatross. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 9, 547 - 553. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.9 - 594.547" type="journal article" year="1887">Benedict, 1887</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a fairly recognizable tube, and some others too may be determined by tubes only). In
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<collectingCountry id="DCC93281443FFFB1FA8AF2B3FA57D8F0" box="[1327,1432,151,176]" name="Australia" pageId="30" pageNumber="305">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, two species are currently commonly reported: the large forms with distinct spiralled radioles (white or white and yellow in colour) as
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<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443FFFB1FE34F2C5FD10D8B8" authority="Savigny, 1822" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1822" box="[401,735,223,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Protula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="30" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bispiralis">
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<emphasis id="96AAAE03443FFFB1FE34F2C5FDD4D8B8" box="[401,539,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="305">P. bispiralis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE0443FFFB1FD8AF2FBFD19D8B8" author="Savigny" box="[559,726,223,248]" pageId="30" pageNumber="305" refString="Savigny, J. C. (1822) Systeme des Annelides, principalement de celles des cotes de l'Egypte et de la Syrie, offrant les caracteres tant distinctifs que naturels des ordres, familles et genres, avec la description des especes. Description de l'Egypte, Histoire Naturelle, I (3), l'Imprimerie Royale, 3 - 128. Avaiable from: http: // www. archive. org / download / DescriptiondelEI FranB / page / n 424 _ w 413 (Accessed 14 Sept. 2015)" type="journal article" year="1822">Savigny, 1822</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and all smaller forms as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63DE0992443FFFB1FBB4F2C5FAF1D8B8" authority="Willey, 1905" authorityName="Willey" authorityYear="1905" box="[1041,1342,223,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Protula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="30" pageNumber="305" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="palliata">
|
||
<emphasis id="96AAAE03443FFFB1FBB4F2C5FB46D8B8" box="[1041,1161,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="305">P. palliata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE0443FFFB1FB39F2FBFAF9D8B8" author="Willey" box="[1180,1334,223,248]" pageId="30" pageNumber="305" refString="Willey, A. (1905) Report on the Polychaeta collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the government of Ceylon on the pearl oyster fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar. London, Royal Society, 4, Supplementary Report, 30, 243 - 342." type="journal article" year="1905">Willey, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For an extensive discussion see Ben-Eliahu & ten
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C04F0FE0443FFFB1FD26F321FCA4D95D" author="Hove" box="[643,875,260,285]" pageId="30" pageNumber="305" refString="Ben-Eliahu, M. N. & Hove, H. A. ten (2011) Serpulidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Suez Canal-from a Lessepsian migration perspective (a monograph). Zootaxa, 2848, 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="2011">Hove (2011: 44–62)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The real number of species is unknown and it is most likely impossible to determine without a dedicated morphological and molecular revisionary study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |